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This study aims to analyze the application of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model to improve students’ creativity in Social Studies and to measure its effectiveness in enhancing creative learning outcomes. The research was conducted as a Classroom Action Research (CAR) across two cycles during the even semester of the 2024/2025 academic year, involving 30 fifth-grade students at SD Inpres Barombong 2. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and documentation, while analysis employed descriptive statistics for quantitative data and reduction–triangulation techniques for qualitative data. The creativity indicators examined included fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Findings reveal that the implementation of PjBL significantly enhanced students’ creative thinking skills, as evidenced by an overall increase in average scores across all creativity indicators. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the PjBL model was reflected in the improved implementation of its instructional syntax, progressing from the “Moderate” category in the initial cycle to “High” and eventually “Very High” in the subsequent cycle. These outcomes confirm that PjBL promotes active, student-centered, and collaborative learning that fosters creativity in Social Studies. The study concludes that continuous implementation of PjBL is essential for cultivating creativity in elementary classrooms and suggests further research to explore its applicability in different contexts and educational levels.

Art education plays a crucial role in preserving and developing local cultural heritage, including batik. This study aims to examine the role of art education at SMK Negeri 4 Palangkaraya in supporting the preservation and development of batik culture. The focus of the study was on the learning process in the Batik and Textile Creative Crafts Program, specifically for eleventh-grade students. This study employed a qualitative approach with case study and descriptive methods. Data collection techniques included analysis of learning documents, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and direct observation of learning and practical activities. The results indicate that the art learning process at this school focuses not only on technical skills in batik but also integrates rich cultural content, such as the history of batik, the philosophical values within motifs, and the role of batik in local cultural identity. Through this approach, students are equipped not only with technical skills but also with a deep understanding of the cultural values inherent in batik. Furthermore, student involvement in hands-on activities and community-based projects provides space for innovation. They are encouraged to create contemporary batik designs that remain rooted in traditional motifs but are adapted to contemporary tastes. This activity also fosters a sense of ownership of cultural heritage and fosters creativity and independence. Thus, arts education at SMK Negeri 4 Palangkaraya has proven to play a strategic role in maintaining the sustainability of batik culture. More than just skills training, arts education is an effective means of building cultural awareness, fostering innovation, and strengthening local identity among the younger generation.

This study examines the relationship between material mastery and draping practice outcomes among students in the Family Welfare Vocational Education (PVKK) Fashion Design Study Program at PGRI Adi Buana University, Surabaya. Draping, as a technique for making patterns directly on a mannequin or the human body, is an important course in fashion design synchronization. This technique allows students to develop creativity, understand the proportions, shapes, and volumes of fabric, and produce unique works that suit the curves of the body. This study used a quantitative approach by collecting data from 60 student respondents from the 2021 and 2022 intakes through questionnaires and documentation. The variables studied were draping material mastery (independent variable) and draping practice outcomes (dependent variable). The analysis results showed a significant and positive relationship between material mastery and draping practice outcomes. The better the material mastery, the better the students' draping practice outcomes. This emphasizes that a strong theoretical understanding is an important foundation for practical skills, and learning theory and practice must be balanced to optimally improve the quality of student work. These findings have important implications for curriculum development and learning methods in the PVKK Fashion Design Study Program. To support the achievement of optimal practical results, teaching strategies are needed that integrate theory and practice in a more interactive and applicable way. For example, the use of video tutorial-based learning media, digital draping simulations, or project-based learning can strengthen students' understanding while improving their technical skills. Furthermore, increasing the intensity of practice with direct feedback from lecturers has also proven effective in accelerating technical mastery. With a holistic and adaptive learning approach, vocational education institutions can produce graduates who are not only technically competent but also competent.

This study aims to analyze the effect of school principals' transformational leadership on the performance of ICT teachers in implementing digital learning at SMAN XYZ, specifically examining how four dimensions of transformational leadership Influence teacher motivation, creativity, and innovation in technology integration. This quantitative research employed an explanatory correlational design with 20 ICT teachers as respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires adapted from the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) by Bass and Avolio (1994) for transformational leadership and the TPACK framework by Koehler and Mishra (2009) for teacher performance. Simple linear regression analysis was conducted using SPSS 25 to test the research hypothesis. Results demonstrate that transformational leadership significantly and positively influences ICT teacher performance (β = 0.672, p = 0.003 < 0.05), explaining 67.2% of performance variance. The principal's transformational leadership scored highly (4.3/5), with individualized consideration contributing most significantly to teacher performance. ICT teacher performance reached a high category (4.1/5), with the most substantial achievement in technology-based lesson planning, although challenges remain in independent digital content development and innovative assessment methods. Theoretically, this research strengthens transformational leadership Theory in digital Education contexts and supports the TPACK framework's emphasis on leadership support for technology integration. Practically, findings guide principals to optimize transformational leadership through enhanced mentoring, professional development programs, and the creation of an innovation culture. The study offers an empirical foundation for educational policymakers to develop school leadership training programs focused on digital transformation, while highlighting the importance of individualized consideration in supporting teacher technology competency development.

This study investigates the influence of transformational leadership on teacher performance in disadvantaged regions, with a specific focus on SMP Satu Atap Werdi in Pekalongan Regency. Schools located in remote and underdeveloped areas often face structural challenges such as limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and geographical isolation, which significantly hinder the delivery of quality education. In this context, the role of school principals becomes critical in shaping organizational culture and motivating educators to maintain high performance despite the constraints. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach, using participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis to gather rich and comprehensive data from the principal and teachers as key informants. Findings indicate that even though SMP Satu Atap Werdi operates in an area with severely limited facilities, the transformational leadership style adopted by the principal has successfully brought about meaningful improvements in school management and teacher performance. The leadership was manifested through four main dimensions: idealized influence, demonstrated by strong role modelling and exemplary behaviour; inspirational motivation, reflected in the principal’s ability to encourage teachers to remain committed and enthusiastic; intellectual stimulation, which fostered creativity, innovation, and problem-solving among teachers; and individualized consideration, shown through personal guidance and support tailored to each teacher’s needs. These practices led to visible progress in teacher discipline, professional dedication, and organizational commitment. The study underscores the importance of transformational leadership as a catalyst for positive organizational change in education, particularly under challenging circumstances. The findings align with previous literature highlighting its effectiveness in motivating subordinates and enhancing performance. From a practical standpoint, this research suggests the need for policymakers and education stakeholders to strengthen transformational leadership practices in schools across disadvantaged regions as a strategy to achieve equitable educational quality in Indonesia.

Employees at the Wajo Regency Youth, Sports, and Tourism Office are part of the public bureaucracy at the district/city level who have important responsibilities in carrying out service functions to the public. Based on initial observations, it appears that the implementation of management functions and employee work creativity are still not optimal. This is primarily related to the implementation of management functions in creating a dynamic work atmosphere and in terms of making the best use of time. Effective management is essential to ensure that public organizations can achieve their goals efficiently and innovatively. This study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of management functions on employee work creativity at the Wajo Regency Youth, Sports, and Tourism Office. The study population was all employees at the office, using a survey method and an associative quantitative approach. This technique was chosen to obtain an objective picture of the relationship between management variables and work creativity. The results show that the management functions variable, based on respondents' responses, is in the very good category. Meanwhile, the employee work creativity variable is in the good category. The findings indicate that the proper application of management functions can significantly foster employee creativity. Based on statistical testing, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that the implementation of management functions has a positive and significant impact on employee creativity at the Wajo Regency Youth, Sports, and Tourism Office. This research provides practical implications: public organizations need to strengthen the implementation of management functions, such as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling, to continuously improve employee creativity. This research highlights the importance of integrating managerial functions with innovative practices in the public sector.

The digital competency gap between vocational school graduates and the rapidly evolving demands of modern industry has become a pressing issue in today’s workforce. One of the main challenges lies in the limited digital literacy and insufficient practical skills of students, particularly in applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools to support productivity and creativity. This situation hinders the readiness of graduates to compete in an AI-driven labor market, where innovation and technological adaptability are essential. To address this challenge, a training program was designed for vocational high school students at Darma Siswa Sidoarjo with the primary objective of enhancing both their conceptual understanding and practical competencies in the utilization of AI technologies. The program adopted the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, emphasizing collaboration and active engagement between trainers and students. It was conducted through a series of interactive workshops that combined theoretical introductions with hands-on practice. Students were guided to explore AI-based platforms such as Ideogram for visual creativity, PixVerse for multimedia production, and Suno for AI-generated music. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, pre-test and post-test instruments were used, focusing on the dimensions of knowledge, technical skills, and student confidence in using AI tools. The findings revealed that students initially demonstrated minimal awareness and limited practical ability in AI applications, as reflected in the pre-test results. However, post-test data showed a significant improvement not only in their technical proficiency but also in their enthusiasm to further explore AI technologies. Moreover, students gained increased confidence in producing creative outputs, transforming their role from passive consumers of digital tools into active and competent content creators. In conclusion, this participatory and practice-oriented training model effectively bridges the digital competency gap, enhances students’ job readiness, and fosters an innovative mindset.

The Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) aims to develop students who possess strong character and skills that are relevant to the demands of the times, particularly in facing global challenges and technological advancements. One of the implementations of P5 at SMK NU 1 Sukodadi is the Gelar Karya activity, which serves as a platform for students to showcase their creativity and apply the values of Pancasila in real life. The theme of this activity is "Build a Healthy Body, Mind, and Sustainable Lifestyle," aimed at raising awareness of the importance of physical and mental health, as well as adopting environmentally friendly practices that support sustainability. The method used in this activity is a project-based learning approach, where students are given the opportunity to learn through direct experience. This allows them to understand and apply the theories they have learned in real-world practices. Additionally, the activity emphasizes collaboration between students and teachers, creating a supportive learning environment and strengthening the relationship between learners and educators. By utilizing experiential learning, students are directly involved in the learning process, which facilitates a deeper understanding. The results of this community service project show that the Gelar Karya activity successfully increased students' awareness of the importance of healthy lifestyles and sustainable environmental management. Students not only gained theoretical knowledge but also practical skills that they can apply in their daily lives. Furthermore, the activity strengthened students' character and supported the values of the Pancasila Student Profile. These findings can serve as a model for other schools to optimize the sustainable implementation of P5, providing a positive impact on shaping students' character and skills for a better future.

This paper explores the transformative influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on the accounting profession, particularly within the Accountant General of the Federation (OAGF). The research investigates how AI-driven innovations are reshaping traditional accounting practices and redefining the role of accountants. By conducting a systematic literature review, this study identifies three primary dimensions of AI’s impact: the automation of repetitive tasks such as data entry, transaction processing, and reconciliation; enhanced data analytics capabilities, which include predictive modeling and real-time decision support; and the evolution of accountants' roles toward more strategic and value-added activities, such as financial advisory and risk management. The automation of routine processes through AI allows accountants to focus on higher-level tasks that require judgment, creativity, and expertise, ultimately enhancing the overall efficiency of the accounting function. Furthermore, AI’s advanced data analytics tools provide more accurate insights, enabling accountants to offer more effective financial guidance and make more informed decisions. As AI reduces the time spent on manual processes, accounting professionals can improve their role in advising on business strategy, improving risk management, and identifying new growth opportunities. The study’s findings underscore the importance of embracing AI in the accounting profession, not only to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, and scale operations but also to enable accountants to stay competitive in a rapidly evolving technological landscape. The paper concludes by emphasizing that adopting AI is essential for accountants to remain relevant and continue providing valuable contributions to their organizations. Future research should focus on the long-term implications of AI on accounting ethics and the development of necessary skills for accounting professionals to thrive in the age of AI.

This study aims to explore in depth the role of social media in strengthening the national identity of students in the Pematangsiantar City campus environment. National identity is seen as an important aspect in shaping the national consciousness of the younger generation, especially students who are in a critical phase of intellectual and social development. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation of students from various universities in Pematangsiantar City. The results show that students actively use social media to access, produce, and share content related to local culture, national history, national figures, and national issues relevant to their daily lives. Social media functions not only as a means of communication, but also as a space for expression and creativity that allows students to build national narratives independently, critically, and innovatively. The discussion emphasizes that amidst the rapid flow of globalization and the penetration of foreign cultures, social media plays a strategic role in maintaining national values, provided its use is directed in a reflective, educational, and responsible manner. In addition, social media has the potential to expand the reach of the dissemination of nationalist values in a more engaging way and in accordance with the communication style of the younger generation. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that social media can be an effective tool in shaping and strengthening national consciousness among students. This impact is long-term, contributing to character formation, national loyalty, and strengthening students' role as agents of change in maintaining national unity and integrity.  

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have long been recognized as a vital driver of economic growth, particularly in rural areas where access to large-scale industries is limited. In Dahu Village, the community relies on local products such as melinjo as one of the main sources of livelihood. However, despite the potential of melinjo-based products, business development has been constrained by limited innovation, low product diversification, and weak marketing strategies. These challenges hinder the competitiveness of local SMEs in wider markets, especially in appealing to younger consumers who often prefer modern and innovative products. To address these challenges, the 2025 Student Work Study Program (KKM) conducted by the University of Bina Bangsa implemented a community empowerment project aimed at enhancing the capacity of SMEs in the melinjo sector. The program introduced the development of an innovative product, namely chocolate-flavored keceprek, a melinjo-based snack with a unique taste and higher market value. The initiative not only focused on product innovation but also provided comprehensive support in production techniques, hygienic and attractive packaging, logo and banner design, as well as digital marketing strategies tailored to rural entrepreneurs. The results of the activity highlight that even a relatively simple innovation can significantly increase product appeal, improve branding, and create new market opportunities. Early feedback indicated that chocolate-flavored keceprek products successfully attracted interest from younger consumers, demonstrating the importance of innovation in maintaining the relevance of traditional products. Furthermore, the project functioned as a collaborative platform where students and local communities worked together in applying entrepreneurial concepts to local potential. This synergy not only contributed to improving the competitiveness of SMEs in Dahu Village but also encouraged sustainable economic development in rural areas through innovation, creativity, and digital-based marketing.

The low level of reading literacy in remote areas, such as the Muna Barat Daya Regency, poses a significant challenge in basic education. One innovation proposed to address this issue is the implementation of Scramble Fun Learning, an educational game-based approach designed to enhance reading literacy skills in students at SD Negeri 1Weet. This community service activity was carried out in two stages: a theoretical stage, which provided foundational understanding about the importance of literacy and gamification approaches, and a practical stage involving both teachers and fifth-grade students in word arrangement activities. Scramble Fun Learning combines game elements with a gamification approach by having students arrange words from random letters. The main objective is to train vocabulary recognition, strengthen reading comprehension, and increase student motivation to learn. In this activity, students are challenged to form words or sentences within a limited time, which not only stimulates their creativity but also makes the learning process more enjoyable and engaging. This method enables students to learn while playing, which is particularly effective in overcoming the boredom that often occurs in conventional learning. The results of this activity showed a significant improvement in student enthusiasm, active participation, and literacy skills. Many students who were previously disinterested in reading activities became more enthusiastic and motivated. Despite limitations in resources and time, the activity was still effectively implemented, thanks to creative adjustments made by the implementing team to ensure the material and activities were well received by both students and teachers. Overall, these findings indicate that Scramble Fun Learning is a highly potential and applicable approach to improving students' reading literacy, especially in areas with limited educational resources. This approach not only enhances literacy skills but also builds students' interest and motivation to continue learning.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have long been recognized as a vital driver of economic growth, particularly in rural areas where access to large-scale industries is limited. In Dahu Village, the community relies on local products such as melinjo as one of the main sources of livelihood. However, despite the potential of melinjo-based products, business development has been constrained by limited innovation, low product diversification, and weak marketing strategies. These challenges hinder the competitiveness of local SMEs in wider markets, especially in appealing to younger consumers who often prefer modern and innovative products. To address these challenges, the 2025 Student Work Study Program (KKM) conducted by the University of Bina Bangsa implemented a community empowerment project aimed at enhancing the capacity of SMEs in the melinjo sector. The program introduced the development of an innovative product, namely chocolate-flavored keceprek, a melinjo-based snack with a unique taste and higher market value. The initiative not only focused on product innovation but also provided comprehensive support in production techniques, hygienic and attractive packaging, logo and banner design, as well as digital marketing strategies tailored to rural entrepreneurs. The results of the activity highlight that even a relatively simple innovation can significantly increase product appeal, improve branding, and create new market opportunities. Early feedback indicated that chocolate-flavored keceprek products successfully attracted interest from younger consumers, demonstrating the importance of innovation in maintaining the relevance of traditional products. Furthermore, the project functioned as a collaborative platform where students and local communities worked together in applying entrepreneurial concepts to local potential. This synergy not only contributed to improving the competitiveness of SMEs in Dahu Village but also encouraged sustainable economic development in rural areas through innovation, creativity, and digital-based marketing.

The low level of reading literacy in remote areas, such as the Muna Barat Daya Regency, poses a significant challenge in basic education. One innovation proposed to address this issue is the implementation of Scramble Fun Learning, an educational game-based approach designed to enhance reading literacy skills in students at SD Negeri 1Weet. This community service activity was carried out in two stages: a theoretical stage, which provided foundational understanding about the importance of literacy and gamification approaches, and a practical stage involving both teachers and fifth-grade students in word arrangement activities. Scramble Fun Learning combines game elements with a gamification approach by having students arrange words from random letters. The main objective is to train vocabulary recognition, strengthen reading comprehension, and increase student motivation to learn. In this activity, students are challenged to form words or sentences within a limited time, which not only stimulates their creativity but also makes the learning process more enjoyable and engaging. This method enables students to learn while playing, which is particularly effective in overcoming the boredom that often occurs in conventional learning. The results of this activity showed a significant improvement in student enthusiasm, active participation, and literacy skills. Many students who were previously disinterested in reading activities became more enthusiastic and motivated. Despite limitations in resources and time, the activity was still effectively implemented, thanks to creative adjustments made by the implementing team to ensure the material and activities were well received by both students and teachers. Overall, these findings indicate that Scramble Fun Learning is a highly potential and applicable approach to improving students' reading literacy, especially in areas with limited educational resources. This approach not only enhances literacy skills but also builds students' interest and motivation to continue learning.

This study aims to improve the ability to recognize geometry in children aged 5–6 years through the block game method at Nurul Muslimin Mosque Kindergarten. The research was conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were children in group A at Nurul Muslimin Mosque Kindergarten, with research carried out collaboratively between researchers, teachers, and the principal. The procedure followed a systematic design consisting of two cycles, each divided into four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation, testing, and documentation to measure the development of children's ability to recognize geometric concepts. The results showed a significant increase in children's ability to recognize geometry through the block game method. In the pre-cycle, only 23.33% of children demonstrated the expected level of ability. After the first cycle, this figure increased to 53.33%, indicating moderate progress. By the end of the second cycle, 86.66% of the children had reached the expected competency, showing a remarkable improvement. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the block game method in fostering cognitive development, particularly in the area of early geometry recognition among preschool-aged children. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that implementing block games as a teaching strategy not only enhances children's recognition of geometric shapes but also supports active learning, creativity, and collaboration. Therefore, educators are encouraged to integrate play-based learning methods such as block games into early childhood education programs to improve fundamental mathematical concepts and prepare children for higher learning stages.

The problem faced by partners in community service activities is the low level of creative economic skills among housewives in RW 15, Meteseh Village, Semarang City. This condition has an impact on limited family economic independence, so efforts are needed to develop entrepreneurial potential that is in line with community needs. One potential business opportunity is making wedding dowries, given the stable and growing market demand. However, limited knowledge, creativity, and skills in producing attractive dowry products with sales value are the main obstacles faced by partners. This community service program aims to increase the creativity and economic independence of housewives through dowry making skills training. The method used includes a phased training, starting from an introduction to materials and basic dowry making techniques, developing creative designs, and product marketing strategies both digitally through social media and directly (offline). Participants are also provided with mentoring to improve their understanding of simple business management, product branding, and promotional techniques to be competitive in the market. The target outputs of this activity include the creation of an independent dowry making business, the production of quality dowry products with creative designs, and improving participants' ability to market their products. In addition, this activity resulted in video documentation of the implementation, potential registration of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), and publication in a community service journal. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge and skills based on a comparison of pre-test and post-test results. Before the training, most participants did not understand basic techniques or product marketing strategies.

The digital era has brought profound transformations in religious life, creating both opportunities and challenges for the younger generation of Christians in maintaining their faith. The Toraja Church Youth Fellowship (PPGT) of the Buntu Masakke Congregation is one such community struggling to maintain the steadfastness of its youth's faith amidst the tide of globalization, the temptations of materialism, worldly positions, and the increasingly prevalent dynamics of interfaith romance. This reality drives the need for a faith training strategy that is relevant, contextual, and utilizes the potential of digital technology wisely. This study aims to implement an effective faith training strategy for PPGT through the use of digital media to produce church youth who not only unleash strength in faith, but also grow spiritually and are able to serve in creative and impactful ways in the modern era. This study used a four-month practicum method involving 22 active participants. Three training modules were implemented in stages: (1) Rooted in God's Word in the Digital Age, which encourages the use of Bible applications and digital devotionals; (2) Growing in Christ's Character Amidst Worldly Temptations, which emphasizes the values of integrity, faithfulness, and holiness; and (3) Serving with Creativity and Relevance in the Digital Age, which invites young people to produce digital content with spiritual value. The results of the study showed significant success, with 95% achieving “rootedness,” 80% achieving “growth,” and 86% achieving “serving.” In fact, 63.6% of participants experienced spiritual transformation and are now active as digital ministry drivers. These findings confirm that digital media, when utilized strategically and in harmony with Christian values, can be an effective tool in fostering the faith of the younger generation. Therefore, the church needs to develop a sustainable and contextual digital training model to strengthen the role of young people in current and future ministry.

This study aims to analyze and describe the regulation of furniture business permits in Alak District, Manutapen Village, Kupang City, within the framework of regional and national legal provisions. Business permits are a vital aspect of legality, providing legal certainty and protection for entrepreneurs. Despite this importance, many wooden furniture businesses continue to operate without official permits. Several factors contribute to this issue, including limited knowledge of regulatory requirements, inadequate access to facilities and administrative services, and the perception among entrepreneurs that small-scale businesses do not necessarily require permits. This research adopts an empirical approach, employing semi-structured interviews with local furniture business owners who have not yet obtained permits. The findings reveal that although the government has made efforts to disseminate information and promote the importance of business permits, these initiatives have not been fully effective. Many entrepreneurs remain unaware of the legal obligations and the potential benefits that permits can provide, such as protection against legal disputes and opportunities for broader business development. The study further identifies both positive and negative impacts of the furniture industry in the local community. On the positive side, furniture businesses significantly contribute to household income, create new job opportunities, and foster creativity through innovative craftsmanship. On the negative side, they also cause environmental issues such as waste and pollution, reduce agricultural land due to the expansion of workshops, and influence lifestyle changes within the community. Based on these findings, the study concludes that the government must strengthen its role by enhancing outreach and education programs, simplifying the permit application process, and providing better support services to entrepreneurs. Additionally, active participation from business owners is crucial to ensure compliance with legal frameworks and to achieve a sustainable balance between economic growth, social welfare, and environmental preservation.

Mandarin Chinese teaching by non-native teachers is crucial in global education, given the complexity of the language and culture that require in-depth mastery. This study examines the roles, characteristics, challenges, and effective teaching strategies implemented by non-native Mandarin Chinese teachers. Using a qualitative approach and descriptive-analytical literature review, this study collected data from accredited journals and books from online databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and national journal portals. The results show that non-native teachers are required to have strong linguistic mastery, comprehensive Mandarin Chinese language skills, a deep understanding of Chinese culture, as well as pedagogical and psychological competencies, including the ability to manage classes and utilize modern technology. Characteristics of effective non-native teachers include sensitivity to observation, critical analysis skills, creativity, good communication, and adaptability. Mandarin Chinese training, such as at LKP AEC Semarang, has proven important to improve the competence of non-native teachers through planned, interactive learning structures and continuous evaluation. A comparison of the effectiveness between native and non-native teachers shows differences; native teachers excel in language mastery and higher student grades, while non-native teachers are more effective in explaining the material in depth with patience. The role of non-native teachers is crucial and integral, encompassing motivator, facilitator, role model, learning designer, and evaluator. Non-native teachers also face challenges such as pronunciation and writing difficulties, limited media resources, lack of confidence, and cultural differences. Solutions include the use of digital media, interactive learning strategies, and professional training. Overall, non-native teachers play a fundamental role in Mandarin Chinese language teaching and have the potential for success. With a strong foundation of materials, innovative strategies, adequate training support, and high self-confidence, they can enhance student interest and understanding, although challenges must be addressed strategically.  

This study discusses the communication strategy implemented by the Karanganyar Police Public Relations Department in delivering an anti-hoax campaign during the 2024 Regional Head Election (Pilkada) through the Instagram platform. The background of this study departs from the phenomenon of the rampant spread of false information ahead of the election, which has the potential to trigger disinformation, polarization, and disrupt social order and stability. Hoaxes during political periods can erode public trust in state institutions, so strategic efforts are needed to address this through effective public communication. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the digital communication strategy used by the Karanganyar Police Public Relations Department in increasing public literacy, encouraging public participation, and maintaining the quality and stability of information circulating in the digital space. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with Public Relations personnel, direct observation of campaign activities on Instagram, and documentation of published content. The strategy analysis refers to the Cutlip, Center, and Broom model which includes four stages: fact-collecting, planning, implementing communication actions, and evaluation. The results show that the use of Instagram was chosen because of its ability to reach a young audience, the flexibility of content formats, and opportunities for two-way interaction. The campaign content was dominated by educational materials presented visually through infographics, digital posters, and short videos, ensuring the anti-hoax message was clearly and persuasively conveyed and easily shared by users. Evaluations showed an increase in public engagement, including comments, content sharing, and participation in online discussions, as well as a significant decrease in the number of hoax reports circulating in the Karanganyar region during the campaign period. This study recommends optimizing the use of Instagram features such as live broadcasts, reels, and interactions through polls or quizzes, along with increasing the creativity of the Public Relations team to further enhance the effectiveness of digital public communication in the future.