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Poor oral health is often caused by inadequate oral hygiene, leading to conditions such as bad breath and periodontal disease. Bingkat Village, located in Pegajahan Subdistrict, Serdang Bedagai Regency, is predominantly inhabited by farmers, with many housewives lacking productive activities to support their families’ income. This community service program aimed to provide training for PKK (Family Welfare Movement) women on producing mouthwash using natural ingredients, particularly torch ginger extract, which is known to contain antibacterial compounds. The implementation methods included educational sessions, hands-on training, and assistance with product formulation, packaging, and marketing. The results indicated an improvement in participants’ understanding and skills in producing herbal mouthwash, as well as the emergence of economic opportunities through the development of local products.

The Community Service Program (PKM) in Bingkat Village, Pegajahan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, aims to improve community welfare by making instant dry healthy drinks from ginger extract. This activity involves lecturers and students from the Indah Medan Health Sciences College, with a focus on empowering housewives who are members of the PKK group. The training was attended by around 60 participants, who showed active participation during the discussion session on the benefits of ginger and the process of making healthy drinks. The training method includes lectures and practices, participants learn about the properties of ginger, how to choose quality ingredients, and packaging techniques. After the training, participants succeeded in producing instant dry healthy drinks, which are considered to have a distinctive aroma and fresh taste. A marketing plan was also prepared, including identifying target markets and promotional strategies through social media. This program has a positive impact on the family economy, increasing income through product sales. The community is expected to be able to increase their immune system and reduce the risk of disease by consuming this product regularly. The sustainability of the program is very important, so support is needed from the village government and related institutions for further development. Challenges faced include limited access to markets and capital, which require solutions through microfinance and effective marketing strategies.

Tourism development must be able to provide benefits for local communities and tourists One of the benefits for local communities who participate in tourism, is to obtain income from tourism, and the protection of tourism assets in their villages. Tourism development in Magelang Regency refers to the decision of the Ministry of Tourism with the Ministry of SOEs which designates Borobudur Temple as one of the priority destinations developed in Indonesia. The government has a program to develop villages around Borobudur Temple with the aim of the community benefiting from tourism. Every state-owned company participates in developing tourism in the Borobudur area through the Village Economic Center (Balkondes) program. The development of Balkondes in the Borobudur Temple Area uses a community based tourism (CBT) model. Balkondes are managed by the surrounding community in each village to support the village economy and the welfare of the community itself through nature conservation, development of village attractions, preservation of traditions, customs and culture held by the community. Broadly speaking, community involvement and participation are key factors in the success of the implementation of community-based tourism. Community participation is a process in which the community becomes aware of supporting the situation they are facing and trying to find solutions to overcome the problems they face.

This community service initiative aims to promote digitalization to strengthen local entrepreneurship, which in turn contributes to increasing regional revenue. The program focuses on training in using digital technologies, such as social media, online marketplaces, and digital marketing tools, to enhance business effectiveness. Mentoring is provided to help entrepreneurs understand and implement technology-based strategies in their operations. The results show an improvement in participants' digital skills and increased use of technology in business management, leading to higher business income. This growth is expected to contribute to regional revenue through more productive business sectors. Digital transformation has proven to be a strategic approach in fostering innovative and competitive local entrepreneurship.

This community service initiative aims to promote digitalization to strengthen local entrepreneurship, which in turn contributes to increasing regional revenue. The program focuses on training in using digital technologies, such as social media, online marketplaces, and digital marketing tools, to enhance business effectiveness. Mentoring is provided to help entrepreneurs understand and implement technology-based strategies in their operations. The results show an improvement in participants' digital skills and increased use of technology in business management, leading to higher business income. This growth is expected to contribute to regional revenue through more productive business sectors. Digital transformation has proven to be a strategic approach in fostering innovative and competitive local entrepreneurship.

Bea Perolehan Hk Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) is one of the main sources of Regional Original Income (PAD) which is managed by the Sikka Regency Regional Revenue Agency (Bapenda). This research aims to analyze the optimization of BPHTB acceptance. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation studies. The research results show that the optimization efforts carried out, such as collaboration with notaries/PPATs, the use of technology through the "V-TAX" application, as well as increasing data monitoring and validation, have had a positive impact on BPHTB revenues. However, the main challenges still lie in the low awareness of taxpayers, administrative obstacles, and fluctuations in reported transaction values. Therefore, the recommended strategy includes intensive education for the community, improving facilities and infrastructure, as well as strengthening coordination with related agencies to increase tax compliance and the effectiveness of BPHTB collection.

This study is a research in the field of Public Administration that aims to describe the conception of community empowerment in improving economic income through the development of local coffee products in Winduaji Village. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with a case study design. Research informants were selected using purposive sampling technique, with data sources including primary and secondary data. The focus of this research encompasses empowerment aspects that are oriented toward community needs, based on local potential, encouraging independence, environmentally oriented, and structurally based. The data analysis technique uses an interactive model. The research results show that the concept of community empowerment through local coffee development in Winduaji Village, Paguyangan District, Brebes Regency has been running quite well. This program has successfully increased community capacity in coffee processing and opened business opportunities through strengthening the identity of local coffee products with the branding "Kopi Kebon Winduaji". Nevertheless, there are still challenges such as limited technical knowledge in cultivation, lack of business capital, and suboptimal market access. Overall, this empowerment program has a positive impact on improving the community's economy, although it still requires continuous assistance to achieve more optimal results.

The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding at the Sikan Community Health Center from 2018-2019 decreased from 50.8% to 28%. Lack of knowledge and the intensive promotion of formula milk are among the causes of the low exclusive breastfeeding rate. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the level of maternal knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding in the Tokorondo Community Health Center Work Area. This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. The population was 46 mothers with toddlers aged 6-12 months in the Sikan Community Health Center work area. The sample in this study was 36 people, the sampling technique was consecutive sampling. The results showed that exclusive breastfeeding was more common in mothers with low education (60%), unemployed mothers (23.5%), high income (50%), and well-informed (100%). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the level of knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding (p<0.001), while education (p=0.217), occupation (p=1.000), and income (p=0.436) have no relationship with exclusive breastfeeding. It is hoped that health workers can be a source of information about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for babies up to 6 months of age and after six months of age. After six months, it is continued with the provision of complementary foods while continuing to provide breast milk until the age of 2 years and there is support from the family, especially the husband, as an effort to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding.

UMKM are one form of micro, small, and medium enterprises that are formed because of someone's personal desire. UMKM actors must strive to increase competitive advantage, UMKM must increase adaptation to currently developing technology, increase the ability to use social media and digital marketing, increase product innovation, and expand the market are some of the right steps that are worthy of being taken by UMKM actors. This is worthy of being implemented in order to increase the selling value of UMKM, especially in order to be able to compete with foreign products that are increasingly flooding the national market, considering that UMKM are an economic sector that is able to reduce unemployment (Sudaryanto. 2011). UMKM through digital marketing development can help the community increase income so that they can follow the development of entrepreneurship. The method in implementing UMKM empowerment activities is carried out using observation, surveys, questionnaires, and interviews. The results of this empowerment are that this activity was attended by UMKM Cihil Food which has 10 members, socialization of social media and digital marketing through the creation of a special website for UMKM Cihil Food which is combined with Barcode (QR) innovation. Based on this activity, it was found that in improving the welfare of UMKM, what must be done is to make maximum use of technology, improve the community economy, and improve human resources.

Transformation service Primary health care (PHC) is a key pillar in improvement results health public globally, especially in high- income countries low and medium . This article analyze approach comprehensive in strengthening PHC through Healthy Indonesia Program (PIS) policy with approach family (PIS-PK), integration digital technology , and policy reform. This study highlight importance continuity service , participation community , readiness source Power humans , and use technology information For support taking decision data -driven and sustainable services . Research This adopt method qualitative with interviews , observations , and reviews document to implementation of PIS-PK in North Gorontalo Regency . Research results show that success PHC transformation is greatly influenced by communication effective policies , availability​ source power , structure adaptive bureaucracy , as well as support digitalization service . Findings this is also associated in a way direct with theory and practice implementation policies , including classical models such as Van Meter and Van Horn and Edwards III .

Tegalwaru Village in Ciampea District, Bogor Regency, possesses substantial potential for sustainable Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) development, yet faces challenges in marketing and digital adoption. This study aims to analyze the progress of MSMEs in Tegalwaru, focusing on production, marketing strategies, and ecotourism integration to enhance economic growth. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews with MSME actors, field observations, and document analysis. Findings indicate that while MSMEs have advanced in product diversification and production capacity, their growth is hindered by limited digital marketing skills and inadequate access to capital. Conversely, the village’s rich natural and cultural resources present significant opportunities for ecotourism, which could synergize with MSMEs to boost local income sustainably. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions, including digital literacy training, improved financing access, and collaborative efforts among MSMEs, local government, and tourism stakeholders. By strengthening these aspects, Tegalwaru can achieve holistic MSME development, fostering economic resilience and community welfare. The research underscores the importance of integrating MSMEs with ecotourism as a strategy for inclusive and sustainable rural development.

The aim of the service is to find out how the sub-district government is making efforts to empower the community of brick craftsmen in Kayumalue Ngapa Subdistrict, North Palu District, Palu City. Community Empowerment is an activity to increase community participation in accessing and enjoying a better and more decent life so that they experience increased capacity and social protection. This activity is carried out through community service, which is a community service-based activity to increase students' sense of empathy for the conditions of society and their environment. community service was carried out in North Palu District, Kaymalue Ngapa Village, with the results of this service showing that efforts to empower the community's economy through the red brick industrial center are an effort to utilize natural resources in Kaymalue Ngapa Village. The implementation is a craft activity that utilizes human resources. By empowering the community's economy through the red brick industrial center, it can increase the community's economic income. The existence of a red brick industrial center creates jobs for the community thereby increasing the community's economic income. The increase in income from working in the red brick industry can be seen from the income one earns. His income is sufficient to meet basic needs and basic needs.

The Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program (BSPS) emerged as a response to the housing and settlement problems faced by the Indonesian people, especially related to the low quality of life due to slums (Sitompul, 2022). This program aims to provide livable houses for low-income people (MBR) through stimulant government assistance (Seri Mughni Sulubara, 2024). The research method used is a qualitative descriptive research method. This method aims to make descriptions of data systematically, factually, and accurately about existing facts. Descriptive research that is carried out continuously on the object of research is called a continuous descriptive method. The results of activities or findings from the implementation of the Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program (BSPS) in reducing the quantity and quality of Uninhabitable Homes (RTLH) show that this program has a positive impact on the beneficiary community. The BSPS program succeeded in improving the quality of the beneficiaries' houses. Houses that were built or renovated have a solid structure, adequate area, and a livable level of safety (Seri Mughni Sulubara, Amrizal Amrizal, et al., 2024). By making home improvements, BSPS contributes to reducing the number of uninhabitable houses and creating a more decent environment (B & Sadriah, 2020).  

Poverty and environmental problems in settlements in Kendal Regency are challenges in sustainable development. This community service program aims to improve community welfare through the concept of thematic villages and religious tourism in Sumur Village, Brangsong District. The methods used include counseling to the community regarding environmental management and economic development based on local potential. The results of the activity showed that the community began to understand the concept of thematic villages and the importance of religious tourism as a source of village income. This program also increases public awareness in utilizing yards as an additional economic resource. It is hoped that the implementation of thematic villages can continue with the support of local governments and universities

Settlement is a basic human need that is closely related to the feasibility of life and well-being. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of settlement patterns that occur in rural and urban areas, and to investigate the factors that influence these patterns. This study collects, analyzes, and synthesizes related literature. The results show that settlement patterns in urban areas are denser and develop vertically, while settlement patterns in rural areas tend to be spread out and horizontal. Various factors, such as natural conditions (such as climate, topography, water and land availability), socio-economic factors (such as employment, education, and income), and government policies and local cultural developments, influence these differences. These results emphasize that understanding settlement patterns as a whole is essential to building areas that are equitable, sustainable, and responsive to community needs.

Empowerment can be interpreted as an effort to increase the ability of the community to participate, negotiate, influence and control the institutions of their community on a large scale for the sake of improving their lives. Describe the impact of empowerment of the Bosar Bayu Farmer group in improving community welfare. In this study, the researcher used a qualitative research type with a descriptive approach. Qualitative research is research that intends to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by the research subject, for example behavior, perception, motivation, actions, and others holistically and by means of description in the form of words and language. The reason for choosing the type of qualitative research with a descriptive method is because the process of formulating the problem carried out in the study was carried out comprehensively, broadly, and in depth in discussing the phenomena that occurred in the field. Then the data obtained from farmers in the form of information both verbally and in writing that describes the situation directly in the field, so that it is able to describe what happened at the research location in more detail, and try to obtain and reveal data on the impact of empowerment of the Maju Horas farmer group in improving community welfare in Bosar Bayu village. Building Farmers' Knowledge and Skills, Increasing agricultural production, Increasing the standard of living and equalizing income levels, As a means of cooperation between group members. Based on the results of the research that has been discussed regarding the empowerment of the Maju Horas farmer group in improving the welfare of the community in Bosar Bayu Village, it can be concluded that empowerment is an effort to make the community independent. Keywords: Jeremiah 22:10-12, Disobedience, Exile, Leadership, Obedience to God, God's Judgment, King Shallum (Jehoahaz), Spiritual Destruction, Divine Justice, Social Suffering, Promised Land, Consequences of Disobedience, Hermeneutics, Judah's Kings, Spiritual and Political: Consequences.

This research aims to determine how the Village Customary Institution (LAD) strategies for revitalizing cultural heritage in Lumban Gaol Village. Whether the existence of the Village Customary Institution can revive cultural heritage and its impact on the surrounding community. This research was conducted in Lumban Gaol Village using qualitative research methods and informants who became informants, namely the chairman of the Village Customary Institution (LAD), village head, and community. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, documentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the strategies carried out by the Village Customary Institution (LAD) in revitalizing cultural heritage in Lumban Gaol Village include socialization strategies, namely LAD conducting socialization regarding the importance of preserving customs and culture. Culture experience, namely LAD inviting young people to clean cultural heritage and inviting children and the elderly to participate in the Cultural and Tourism Awareness Community in Lumban Gaol Village. Economic strategy, namely LAD together with the community building the village by managing cultural heritage to become a source of income for the community. Conservation strategy, namely LAD together with the community improving road access and repairing buildings by painting, renovating damaged ones, and beautifying the buildings so that the community or visitors feel safe and comfortable.

Regional development is a key strategy for enhancing community welfare. However, the dynamics of growth in each region are shaped by distinct characteristics of rural and urban areas. Rural areas face unique challenges in adapting to changing times, given their economic structures are largely dominated by agriculture and limited infrastructure. In contrast, cities tend to have more diversified economies, supported by industry, services, and better access to education and technology. The socio-economic disparities between rural and urban areas pose a significant challenge in regional development. The quality of life for communities in both regions is often affected by disparities in income, healthcare, education, and employment opportunities. Ongoing modernization and urbanization lead to transformations in social and economic structures in cities and rural areas. A comparative socio-economic analysis of rural and urban areas can provide valuable insights into how these differences impact regional development strategies. This study can also inform policies aimed at achieving balanced development between rural and urban areas, thereby promoting more equitable distribution of community welfare

Darmji Village is one of the villages that has residents who produce printed handicrafts and various types of ready-to-pack food. The people in the village are able to produce thousands of handicraft products within one month, but the problems faced by the people there are that they are not competent enough to digitalize to promote their products worldwide. , so that I, fromSTMIK LOMBOKstudents, took the initiative to conduct community service training in the village to help the community understand how to use social media to increase the selling value of their products so that from this they can increase the income of the people in Darmaji village, the method I use in this service training is the method Observations, interviews, socialization and training, so that at the end of the activity we get an increase in graphics from 0% to 53% of the knowledge that I convey to the public can be absorbed and applied properly

Financial problems are not only caused by low income, but financial difficulties can also arise if there are errors in financial management such as incorrect use of credit, and lack of financial planning. Therefore, financial literacy is needed for someone in managing their financial resources to be able to adjust to income and lifestyle in the modern era like today. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of financial literacy, financial technology, financial risk, financial attitudes and financial income on financial management (study on the community of Kertasari Village, Banjarharjo District, Brebes Regency). This study uses a survey approach for its quantitative research design. The population used is the community in Kertasari Village with a population of 994 heads of families, having personal income, and being the head of the family. In determining the sample, the author uses the Slovin formula so that the number of samples obtained is 100 samples. The data analysis methods used are instrument testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression testing, and hypothesis testing. The data obtained in this study were then processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program. The results of the study show that financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on financial management, financial technology has no effect on financial management, financial risk has a positive and significant effect on financial management, financial attitudes have a positive and significant effect on financial management, and financial income has a positive effect on financial management.