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Rape in a relationship has similar effects to rape outside of marriage. It is intended to avoid unnatural sexual behavior in a couple. Although men are considered to have full rights over their wives including in terms of sexual relations, it can worsen the relationship. The problem raised in this paper is to find out how the regulation of marital rape in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research, in order to analyze the vague norms related to marital rape in Law No. 23 Thn. 2004 with Law No. 12 of 2022. With the results of the analysis explaining that the factor of marital rape which later became a serious case both in the national and international scope needs regulations on marital rape, especially in Indonesia as a form of affirmation in the gander structure.

One of the most common economic activities in the community is micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). These businesses are known for being relatively easy to develop and have the potential to strengthen a country's economy. As a source of income for most people, MSMEs are often their economic footing. Furthermore, MSMEs have the potential to compete with other businesses on an international level if they are continuously strengthened. If this is successfully achieved, it will provide a significant boost to national economic growth and support the stability of the country as a whole. The purpose of this research is to collect information about the role of contributions and obstacles faced by UNTIRTA students in an effort to encourage the economic development of MSMEs in Serang City. The research was conducted through a descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach. To collect data, the author employed both literature study techniques and in-depth interview techniques with UNTIRTA students. The results of this study indicate that UNTIRTA students play a significant role in driving the MSME economy in Serang City. UNTIRTA students can assist in raising public awareness about the role and potential of MSMEs in Serang City. Nevertheless, further endeavors are necessary to enhance students' capacity and accessibility to requisite resources, as well as to reinforce collaboration between educational institutions, the government, and MSME stakeholders. It is anticipated that a more conducive environment for the growth and sustainability of MSMEs in Serang City can be created through close collaboration between students, educational institutions, local government, and MSME players.  

In this era of globalization, it is crucial to optimize state revenue through zakat and taxes based on the principles of maqâsid al-syarî’ah. This article presents challenges and opportunities in optimizing both instruments in Indonesia. Through an analysis of state income and zakat potential, a literature review method is employed to formulate an optimization model. The model encompasses increasing public awareness, institutional strengthening, developing supportive regulations, enhancing synergy, and building public trust. The implementation of this model requires commitment from all parties and must be based on the principles of maqâsid al-syarî’ah. Thus, it is hoped that state revenue through zakat and taxes can be optimized to achieve the fair and prosperous goals of national development.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the return of the examination report (BAP) of the astrid manafe and lael maccabe murder case in the pre-prosecution stage at the East Nusa Tenggara Regional Police of the Republic of Indonesia. This writing is carried out at the Office of the Indonesian National Police of the East Nusa Tenggara Region, related to the topic discussed in this writing. This writing is empirical which uses primary data by conducting interviews with Investigators or Assistant Investigators who handle the murder case. The results of this research show that: (1) The unlimited return of case files from the public prosecutor to the investigator in its regulation by KUHAP, and the absence of sanctions and or legal consequences if the regulated provisions are violated by the investigator causes the slow handling of the case. (2) The lack of adequate support or facilities in the form of highly educated and skilled human resources, good organization, adequate equipment, sufficient finance is the cause of the obstruction of handling these cases.           

The purpose of this study to determine the effect of Team games tournament model on student learning outcomes in subtheme 1 Class V SD Negeri 091273 Karang bangun. This study is a pre-experimental study using one group pretest-posttest design, the sample of this study was 25 people. Data collection technique is a test. By doing the pretest got an average result of 65.92, then given treatment after treatment using the Team games tournament model so that it gets a posttest with an average value of 91.76. With the value obtained, the value of the postest has a higher average than the pretest. After doing the post test, the researchers conducted an n-gain Test got an n-gain score of 0.7660 categorized as high and the hypothesis test got a value of 27,562. T test results obtained by thitung = 27,562 with a significance level of 0,000. since the significant probability is much smaller than 0.05 i.e. 0.000 and thitung = 27,562 > ttable = 1,711 then HO is rejected and Ha is accepted. This shows that there is an influence of the Team games tournament learning model on the learning outcomes of Class V students on the theme 7 events in life and subtheme 1 national events of the colonial period on learning 1 and 2 in Class V at SD Negeri 091273 Karang bangun academic year 2023/2024.

Profiling of corrupt perpetrators is done by looking for information such as office or profession, educational level, employment history and criminal background. Because increased tax receipts are not proportionate to the extraction of benefits to the public, it creates mistrust and reluctance to meet tax obligations. It endangers national security in many aspects, such as social, cultural, moral, political, and legal. Literature Review is an in-depth study of a particular topic with a qualitative approach. The purpose of this writing is to discuss and analyze further about the profiling of perpetrators and the massive impact caused by the case of Rafael Alun Trisambodo PNS class III in the General Directorate of Tax Kemenkeu who served as Head of the General Division of Kanwil DJP South Jakarta. His motive for corruption and money laundering was to enrich himself, his family, or anyone else by abusing office. The conclusion of this writing is that efforts to combat corruption are still not optimal as many sides tempt wealth and take advantage of opportunities.

The world of education, especially in terms of learning media, is influenced by current technological developments. With the development of technology, we should be able to use it to solve problems, especially in the field of education. The use of video media as a learning tool in the classroom is one example of technology used in the world of education. With the aim of arousing elementary school students' enthusiasm for learning through the expansion of learning videos. This research uses a qualitative approach, involving content analysis techniques. The use of video as a learning medium is a data source for this analysis. Data collection techniques include analysis of data sources from national and international journals over the last five years. Several findings from the use of video media show that they can have a positive impact on learning activities, one of which is that they can make learning in class more fun and prevent students from getting bored. Students will achieve better learning outcomes if they have greater motivation to learn. Therefore, it can be concluded that the development of video-based learning media can be used effectively during the learning process.

West Kalimantan has the longest river in Indonesia, namely the Kapuas River, where every year there is a potential for flood disaster in almost every district and city area that it passes through. The biggest flood in the last 20 years occurred in 2021, based on West Kalimantan BPBD data, 140,468 residents were affected by the flood and 2 residents were reported to have died in Sintang Regency. The flood disaster that occurred attracted enough public attention at the national level. The Central Government and its staff were also present to deal with the flood. The potential for similar floods is very likely to occur, requiring serious efforts to mitigate similar flood disasters from recurring. Method for preparing this article using a qualitative method with an exploratory approach. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide input in understanding conditions, dealing with them and making efforts to prevent and deal with similar flood disasters in Sintang Regency..

Unitary state The Republic of Indonesia is a country with foundations on law ( Rechts Staat ). In space its scope there is a number of one of the principles that is principle legality . Scope​ law criminal interests oriented​ general . Criminal law is knowledge basics that everyone should know and understand student law . Based on description above​ as for formulation problem in This research is What do you mean with law criminal and how room scope law criminal . As for goals study based on formulation the problem above is For know and analyze understanding law criminal and for know and analyze room scope law criminal . This research is of a nature descriptive , analytical and comparative , viz research that describes , describes and analyzes data as well compare data regarding law criminal and space its scope . In principle there are two different meanings on Criminal Law , the so -called with ius poenale and ius puniendi . Space principles scope enactment rule law the punishment is divided become four that is principle Territoriality ( territorialiteits beginningsel ), basic Nationality active , basic Protection (National Passive ), and principles universality ( universaliteits beginssel ).

Coffee is one of the leading commodities in the plantation subsector in Indonesia which can compete in quality globally, so coffee has a strategic role in the national economy. Until now, coffee demand shows a positive trend, not only domestic demand but also global demand, which is increasing at a rate of 14% increase in coffee consumption every year. Coffee is an agricultural product that relies on quality and taste aspects. The quality and taste of coffee is influenced by many factors, one of which is the level of ripeness of the fruit at harvest time. Improper harvesting will affect the quality and taste of the coffee, for this reason it is necessary to test the sensory characteristics of Robusta Coffee based on the level of fruit ripeness. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three (3) treatments based on the composition of fruit maturity levels, namely 95% red fruit + 5% green fruit (M1); 85% red fruit + 15% green fruit (M2); and 75% red fruit + 25% green fruit (M3). The testing method used is a cupping test which follows SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) rules with 20 semi-trained panelists. Based on the Robusta coffee cupping test, the highest total score of 78.86 was obtained from a composition of 95% red fruit + 5% green fruit (M1), followed by a composition of 85% red fruit + 15% green fruit (M2) with a total score of 77.57. , and the lowest in the composition of 75% red fruit + 25% green fruit (M3) with a total score of 71.38. The results of the panelists' assessment of Robusta coffee at various maturity level compositions are still not included in specialty coffee.

This research is entitled "Analysis of Character Education Values ​​in the Ratoeh Jaroe Dance in Extracurricular Learning at SMA Negeri 3 Banda Aceh". This research raises the issue of the value of character education in the Ratoeh Jaroe Dance in extracurricular activities. This research aims to analyze and describe the value of Ratoeh Jaroe Dance character education in extracurricular activities. The type of research used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The results of the research show that there is value in character education found in various movements, verse, floor patterns, fashion and make-up. The value of religious education is found in the various movements (saleum, aamiin and sep-sep), while in the verse namely (saleum, aamiin, lamburak, hasan summa husein, aroh pulo pineung and sep-sep), the dress code is in accordance with Islamic law. The educational value of nationalism is found in the various movements of the jakku timang, while in the verse namely the jak hai tajak and in traditional clothing. The value of independent education is only found in the verse of Hasan Summa Husein. The value of mutual cooperation education is found in the various movements (jak hai tajak, kasep kapot, uleue-uleue beu mate, lamburak, peulot manok, aroh pulo pineung, and uroe), and in the verse namely uleue-uleue beu mate and uroe. The value of integrity education is contained in the verse (jakku timang, kasep kapot, and peulot manok), and is found in a dancer namely Syeh. 

The term Pancasila originates from the Sanskrit word "panca" meaning five and "sila" which generally means principles. Thus, the term Pancasila refers to five fundamental principles. This research methodology employs qualitative methods, which analyze and describe with an emphasis on process and meaning in order to understand various occurrences around us by the research subjects, such as behaviors, actions, and attitudes that interpret the meaning of the data, thus aiding in understanding social life. It is essential to maintain a balance between accepting the influence of foreign cultures and preserving the values of Pancasila as the cultural identity of Indonesia. Furthermore, instilling a sense of patriotism and nationalism in the younger generation is also crucial in addressing the negative impacts of foreign cultures. Pancasila serves as the foundation of the Indonesian state and also functions as a guiding principle for society, containing the most fundamental ideas and concepts about good living. The influx of foreign cultures that alter the lifestyle and habits of society poses a significant threat to Indonesian society

This research aims to assess the impact of the implementation of measured marketing strategies in Pesantren Modern An Nahdliyah, particularly in increasing the number of male and female students (santri) and enhancing public awareness nationwide. The research methodology involves both quantitative and qualitative analyses, incorporating data collection from marketing campaigns, feedback from prospective students, and the evaluation of public responses. The findings indicate that the implementation of marketing strategies at Pesantren Modern An Nahdliyah has successfully achieved its objectives, leading to a significant increase in student enrollments and heightened awareness among the public. Digital media, including the official website, social media, and online advertising campaigns, proved to be effective tools in reaching the target audience. The success factors involve strong collaboration between the marketing team and the pesantren management, along with active involvement of the pesantren officials in promotional activities. However, challenges were identified in adapting to changing trends in digital marketing and increasing competition within the pesantren sector. Future opportunities lie in the development of creative content, collaboration with influencers, and the utilization of emerging technologies. Recommendations include enhancing collaboration with media outlets, optimizing online advertising campaigns, and continuous monitoring of digital marketing trends. This research contributes to a better understanding of the effectiveness of marketing strategies in religious educational institutions, with the hope that Pesantren Modern An Nahdliyah continues to thrive and becomes a nationally recognized center for education.

Speaking Indonesian is very important for foreign content creators who are used as a magnet to attract Indonesian audiences. Speaking Indonesian is considered to be an understanding of Indonesian nationalism. Seeing this paradigm, quite a few people assume that this country has received appreciation because foreigners are considered to show their love for Indonesia through their willingness to speak Indonesian. We aim to identify competencies that influence viewing satisfaction and channel loyalty. The research method used is a literature study with a phenomenological approach. Search for, collect and understand information that strengthens each researcher's argumentation through secondary data sources. To respond to every video broadcast by a foreign content creator in an intelligent way, the public needs to have a critical and selective attitude. The public must develop the ability to sort the information they receive, distinguishing between content that is educational and informative and that which is simply entertainment without substance. This can be done by increasing media and information literacy, and always cross-checking the information provided.

This study aims to identify the influence of organizational culture, transformational leadership, and work motivation on the performance improvement of civil servants at the Main Secretariat of the National Civil Service Agency. Data analysis was conducted using Linear Structural Relationship (Lisrel) version 8.80 with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The choice of using SEM in this research lies in its ability to analyze the pattern of relationships between latent constructs and their indicators, latent constructs with each other, and measurement errors directly. The results of the analysis indicate that organizational culture, transformational leadership, and work motivation significantly contribute to the improvement of civil servants' performance. Managerial implications and recommendations for further research are also discussed.                                                                                                                                                      

Nowadays, with this very advanced development of the age, the curriculum of education plays an important role in the overall structure of the national education system. Several state regulations have been implemented to enforce public policy. It is necessary for educational innovation, especially curricula, to align with current demands. If an educational institution does not develop or innovate a curriculum specifically for the educational institutions of the madrasah, then the institution will be lagging behind with the other education institutions. It has been determined that the curriculum of Islamic education has been formulated and regulated as an integral part of the educational policy framework, as established by many state or government regulations. This policy is formulated, and implemented by educational institutions specifically madrasah to deal with the public interest. It serves as a curriculum that consistently adapts to the changing needs of society. The experts define innovation as a fundamental aspect of education science, in the context of curriculum innovation in education. Innovators use different tactics while facing various challenges and problems during the implementation of the curriculum innovation process.

This article is a report study on the development of a learning school management model of Lhokseumawe Sukma National School and the promotion of educational standards with the aim of sustainable educational development. The research focuses on the school profile of Sukma Nation students and the achievements and challenges of the program in its implementation. The study is qualitative and uses survey methods. Information gathered through documents and interviews with relevant authorities, including focus group observations. The study also presents various manifestations of Sukma Bangsa school innovations. The results specifically show that institutional leadership is related to the implementation of five main categories of learning schools, which are personal leadership, shared vision, mental models, situated thinking and group learning. The order of applications according to the system can be seen in the changes in the behavior of the individual regarding information management, information sharing, interpretation and information search. In addition, the student and school management model has become an important part of achieving school effectiveness.

This study aims to examine how mediation is used in defamation cases that involve social media. With a normative legal perspective, this study employs a descriptive qualitative methodology. In order to analyze the phenomena and draw conclusions, this study's analysis technique involves looking at phenomena through the lens of already-existing library sources. The study's findings demonstrate how efforts to resolve criminal cases through non-litigation methods such as penal mediation can stifle efforts to resolve cases legally, leading to the imposition of criminal penalties. Keeping in mind that the goal of updating Indonesia's national criminal code is not just to exact revenge or retaliation (retributivism), but rather to resolve or repair the effects of a conflict or crime. In addition, penal mediation as a means of settling cases outside the court (non-litigation) can be a solution to overcoming the problem of overcapacity that is commonly experienced by correctional institutions in Indonesia.

Climate change has emerged as a serious threat to both humanity and the global ecosystem, necessitating a coordinated global response. The Paris Agreement embodies these efforts by emphasizing the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC), which underscores the awareness of shared responsibility with varying capacities among nations. This principle is reflected in the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), serving as tangible manifestations of each country's commitment. This research addresses two main issues: Firstly, why is the CBDR-RC principle the foundation for implementing NDCs in Indonesia? Secondly, to what extent does the implementation of NDCs in Indonesia align with the CBDR-RC principle and Indonesia's commitments in the Paris Agreement to achieve sustainable development and address climate change? This study the study utilizes legislative, comparative, conceptual, and historical methodologies. Findings reveal that the CBDR-RC principle forms the basis of NDC implementation in Indonesia, grounded in Indonesia's membership status in the Paris Agreement. However, practical execution falls short, revealing a disparity between idealism and reality in realizing commitments and ambitions to address climate change.

Pancasila education plays a crucial role in shaping a strong and robust sense of citizenship identity. This article discusses the urgency and positive impact of implementing Pancasila education in the context of fostering citizenship identity in Indonesia. Through theoretical approaches and practical analyses, this article highlights the contribution of Pancasila education in imparting fundamental values such as justice, unity, and mutual cooperation to the younger generation. Pancasila education not only teaches knowledge about the basic concepts of the state but also fosters a sense of nationalism and love for the homeland. By strengthening citizenship identity, society becomes more aware of its rights and obligations as members of the nation, and is ready to actively participate in nation-building. This article also summarizes several effective strategies in implementing Pancasila education at various educational levels to enhance the understanding and awareness of citizenship among the younger generation.