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The management of material and labor costs at Gregors Barbershop is still manual and not formally structured, resulting in wastage of consumable materials, suboptimal labor utilization, and difficulties in determining service prices that align with the expected profit margins. Material costs, such as hair gel, tissues, disposable razors, and alcohol/disinfectants, are not recorded systematically, leading to frequent mismatches between stock and actual needs, while labor costs are calculated improvisationally without considering productivity and service targets. This activity aims to improve the ability of owners and employees to plan, control, and evaluate operational costs systematically, ensuring efficiency, resource optimization, and business profitability. The method uses an applied, hands-on approach, including the identification of partner needs, preparation of relevant training modules, direct operational mentoring, and evaluation with follow-up. The object of the activity is Gregors Barbershop in Batu Aji District, Batam City, which offers services such as modern men’s haircuts, classic shaves, shaving, hair treatments, and the sale of grooming products like pomade and hair oil. The results show increased efficiency in the use of consumable materials, more productive labor management, more systematic cost planning, and the ability to set service prices in line with costs and profit margins. It is recommended to implement a digital recording system and productivity-based incentives to ensure more accurate cost control, more efficient operations, and sustainable business profitability.

This community service activity aimed to enhance the security and efficiency of halal certification mentoring services at the Aurum First Sunrise community in Surakarta. The main challenge faced by the partner was the risk of sensitive SME data leakage such as ID cards, recipes, and supply chain information, due to the lack of an adequate document security mechanism. The core solution implemented was Technology Implementation in the form of a Cryptographically-based Document Management Information sistem (utilizing the Light Weight PDAC algorithm) integrated with digital access rights management and user Training. Evaluation demonstrated successful implementation, evidenced by an increase in the average satisfaction of SMEs regarding data security to 97.8%, confirming enhanced trust. Furthermore, digitalization successfully improved the efficiency of the mentoring team, reflected by a satisfaction score of 85.0%. In conclusion, this service successfully transformed the partner into a secure, efficient, and credible mentoring institution, significantly supporting SMEs in accessing halal certification.

This study aims to develop a Student Progress Assessment Information System for PAUD Laskar Pelangi as a solution to various problems that arise in the academic data management process, which was previously carried out manually. The management of student grades, student data, class data, and subject data often encountered obstacles such as delays, recording errors, difficulty in searching for data, and inaccuracies in report preparation. To overcome these issues, a web-based information system was developed to manage all data in an integrated and more efficient manner. The system development method used the Website Development Life Cycle approach, and the application was implemented using the PHP programming language. The system is designed to enable the admin to manage student data, class data, subject data, grades, and automatically generate student grade reports. Database implementation was carried out to ensure that data is stored properly and can be accessed easily. Functional testing was conducted to ensure that all features operate according to user needs. The results of the study show that the developed information system is capable of improving administrative efficiency, accelerating the grade processing workflow, minimizing recording errors, and generating student grade reports quickly and accurately. Therefore, this system provides significant benefits for PAUD Laskar Pelangi in improving the effectiveness of academic administrative management and can be further developed according to the school's needs.

This research aims to develop an E-Catalog Information System for the Library of SMPK St. Yohanes Wewewa Barat as a digital platform that provides students and teachers with fast, accurate, and efficient access to book collection information. The system is designed to replace the previous manual book search process, which often caused delays and reduced the effectiveness of library services. The development of this system applies The Model-View-Controller (MVC) method structures the system by dividing it into three distinct parts: the model, the view, and the controller, each with its own specific function resulting in a structured architecture that is easier to manage, maintain, and improve. This method was chosen because it supports modular development and provides flexibility for future system enhancements. The results of this study show that the developed e-catalog system functions properly and performs well according to the intended design. All main features, including book searching, book detail display, and book data management, operate optimally without significant issues. Moreover, the system helps improve the efficiency of library services and enhances the user experience in accessing digital book information.

Steganography is a technique for hiding secret data within digital media such as images, audio, and video without causing noticeable visual changes. In video media, this technique offers advantages because each frame can be utilized dynamically, resulting in a larger data embedding capacity. However, conventional methods such as fixed-number Least Significant Bit (LSB) embedding still face limitations in balancing visual quality, embedding capacity, and resistance to compression or noise. To address these challenges, this study proposes an Adaptive Video Steganography Method based on Multi-Bit LSB that employs brightness, texture, and motion analysis for each frame to determine the number of embedding bits adaptively. The system adjusts the embedding capacity according to the local characteristics of the video: areas with high texture or rapid motion are assigned more bits, while static or low-texture areas use fewer bits to preserve visual quality. After the embedding process, the video quality is evaluated using PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) and SSIM (Structural Similarity Index Measurement) to assess its similarity to the original video. Experimental results show a PSNR value of 45.86 dB and an SSIM value of 0.9441, Thus, the proposed adaptive method proves to be efficient, robust against disturbances, and capable of maintaining data security without compromising visual quality, making it highly suitable for implementation in multimedia-based information security systems.

This literature study examines hydroponic solutions (urban agriculture), particularly through hydroponic methods, as a response to the issue of significant urban agricultural land shrinkage and land conversion. Data shows a drastic reduction in rice fields in Sukawati District, Bali, from 497.24 Ha in 1985 to only 211.42 Ha in 2016, accompanied by a change in the profession of residents from farmers to entrepreneurs. This land conversion not only reduces agricultural areas but also has the potential to eliminate farmers' livelihoods. The method used is a literature review (narrative review) to collect and analyze studies related to the use of hydroponics in maximizing limited land in urban areas. The results of the discussion focus on hydroponic training provided to housewives from the Family Welfare Movement (PKK) and the City Youth Organization (Karang Taruna). This training aims to empower and utilize the free time of housewives, covering materials from the basic concepts of hydroponics, seed preparation, planting, maintenance, to harvesting. Hydroponic practices have been responded to positively by residents, and the PKK/Karang Taruna group is prepared to become mentors for other members. The benefits of hydroponics were emphasized as a highly efficient cultivation method, capable of saving up to 70-90% of water, enabling year-round food production, and providing faster and higher plant growth and yields. The outcome of this activity was the establishment of a communal hydroponic garden and each member's plan to grow hydroponically independently, demonstrating the success of hydroponics as a real solution to improving food security and sustainability in dense urban environments.

Communication is a fundamental element in the development of entrepreneurship, particularly within edupreneurship, which integrates educational innovation with entrepreneurial values to address contemporary challenges in education. In an increasingly competitive and digitally driven educational landscape, edupreneurs are required not only to possess pedagogical competence but also strong communication skills to sustain and scale their initiatives. This study aims to analyze the role of effective communication in strengthening edupreneurship competencies. The research employs a literature review method by synthesizing and analyzing relevant theories and previous studies on communication, entrepreneurship, and edupreneurship. The findings indicate that effective communication plays a significant role in enhancing key edupreneurship competencies, including negotiation skills, leadership capacity, personal branding, and adaptability to digital transformation. Communication also functions as a strategic tool for building trust, expanding professional networks, fostering collaboration, and creating supportive learning ecosystems within educational enterprises. Moreover, effective communication enables edupreneurs to articulate value propositions clearly, manage stakeholders efficiently, and respond flexibly to dynamic changes in educational markets. The implications of this study emphasize that communication competence is not a complementary skill but a core requirement for sustainable edupreneurship development. Therefore, systematic communication training and the integration of communication-based learning strategies are strongly recommended within entrepreneurship education programs, particularly for prospective edupreneurs, to support long-term innovation, competitiveness, and sustainability in the education sector.

This study examines the utilization of social media in improving the competitiveness of cassava chips and lidah manis SMEs in Pematang Serai Village, Tanjung Pura District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. The rapid development of information technology has encouraged SMEs to shift from conventional marketing methods to more effective and efficient digital marketing practices. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving SME actors. The results indicate that the use of social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram is able to expand market reach, increase product visibility, and strengthen relationships between business owners and consumers. Attractive promotional content, consistency in posting, and responsive communication are proven to influence consumer buying interest and trust. However, SMEs still face challenges, including limited digital literacy, time management constraints, and the lack of structured marketing strategies. Therefore, continuous training and assistance are needed so that SMEs can optimize the use of social media more effectively. This study is expected to serve as a reference for the development of digital-based SMEs in rural areas.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of disability among the elderly population. This degenerative joint disease is characterized by progressive damage to the articular cartilage and structural alterations of the knee joint, resulting in pain, reduced mobility, and diminished quality of life. This Community Service Program (PKM) aimed to promote early detection of knee OA through simple radiological screening as a preventive strategy to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disability. The activity was conducted at Asisi Church, South Jakarta, involving 87 participants aged 54–87 years (mean 70.77 ± 7.32 years). Radiological examination was performed using standard anteroposterior knee X-rays, and results were classified according to the Kellgren–Lawrence grading system. Findings revealed that 98.9% of participants exhibited radiological signs of OA, predominantly grade II (60.9%), followed by grade III (21.8%), grade I (11.5%), and grade IV (4.6%), while only 1.1% showed normal results. Female participants (74.7%) predominated across all OA grades, indicating hormonal and biomechanical influences on disease progression. The mean age increased with OA severity, supporting the degenerative theory that aging leads to decreased chondrocyte function and cartilage elasticity. In addition to screening, participants received education on weight management, muscle strengthening exercises, and injury prevention. The results demonstrate that simple radiological screening is an effective, practical, and cost-efficient community-based approach for early detection of knee OA. Integrating such preventive strategies within primary care systems could significantly reduce the burden of disability among the elderly population.

This study aims to develop a web-based inventory information system to facilitate inventory data management and improve operational efficiency at Toko Anugerah Sticker. Currently, inventory management is still performed manually using paper, which complicates monitoring stock, recording incoming and outgoing items, and preparing reports accurately and promptly. To address these issues, the system was developed using the Waterfall method, consisting of five stages: requirement, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance. PHP was employed as the programming language for system development, while MySQL served as the database for storing inventory data. The system was tested using Blackbox testing to unsure that each function worked as expected. The result show that the web-based inventory information system successfully replaced the manual process, making inventory management more effective and efficient. It also enables real-time stock monitoring and generates reports faster and more accurately. The implementation of this system is expected to improve the quality of inventory data management at Toko Anugerah Sticker in the future.

This research aims to implement a Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) approach using the AHP–TOPSIS method to assist PT. XYZ in selecting the most suitable intern candidate for the Social Media Specialist position. The increasing number of applicants each year makes the selection process more complex, requiring a systematic and data-driven decision support system. AHP was used to determine the priority weights of five main criteria—Interview, Experience, Portfolio, Skill, and Achievement—along with their subcriteria. All pairwise comparison matrices met the consistency requirements, indicating valid weights. The TOPSIS method was then applied to calculate the preference scores of ten candidate alternatives based on the weighted normalized decision matrix, ideal solutions, and distance measures. The results show that candidate A3 achieved the highest preference score (0.9422), followed by A7 and A8, making them the top recommended candidates. This study demonstrates that integrating AHP and TOPSIS effectively supports companies in conducting objective, efficient, and accurate recruitment decision-making processes.

Handling cases of domestic violence (KDRT) requires an approach that not only focuses on sanctions for perpetrators, but also on the comprehensive recovery of victims. One of the appropriate methods is restorative justice, which is focused on restoring social relations, psychological recovery for the victim, and the participation of all parties involved in the process of resolving the case. In this context, lawyers play a strategic role, not only as defenders of the law, but also as facilitators of a just and supportive restorative process for victims. This study aims to analyze in depth the role of lawyers in the implementation of restorative justice in domestic violence cases, as well as identify the challenges and opportunities faced in practice. The applied approach includes normative juridical and sociological with qualitative data analysis. The findings indicate that lawyers play a crucial role in ensuring victims ' rights are protected, providing trauma-sensitive legal assistance, and encouraging restorative agreements that do not harm victims. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the capacity of lawyers, the development of more comprehensive regulations, and cooperation between sectors to support the implementation of restorative justice that is efficient and in favor of victims of domestic violence.

This research examines the implementation of the curator’s role in the bankruptcy process following the Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) based on Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations. The main objective of this study is to analyze the role, authority, and challenges faced by curators in carrying out their duties in accordance with Indonesia’s positive legal framework. This research employs a normative juridical approach combined with an empirical juridical approach, incorporating a review of legal literature, court rulings, and statutory regulations, as well as interviews with curators and supervising judges in commercial courts. The findings reveal that curators play a central role as administrators and liquidators of bankrupt estates, with the authority to inventory, secure, manage, and liquidate the debtor’s assets to protect creditors’ interests. Pursuant to Law Number 37 of 2004, curators are also responsible for overseeing the bankruptcy process, preparing reports, and ensuring that the distribution of liquidation proceeds is conducted transparently and equitably. However, the implementation of this role often faces obstacles such as limited curator competence and resources, external interference, the complexity of bankruptcy laws, and inadequate judicial supervision. This study emphasizes the importance of legal reform, professional capacity building, and the adoption of digital technology to enhance the effectiveness of Indonesia’s bankruptcy system. A professional, accountable, and integrity-driven curator is essential to achieving the fundamental objectives of bankruptcy law—ensuring fair, efficient, and transparent debt settlement for all parties involved.

This study aims to analyze the profitability and feasibility of sheep farming using intensive and semi-intensive rearing sistems in Suka Raya Village, Pancur Batu Sub-district. The research employed a survey method with purposive sampling, involving 16 farmers (8 intensive and 8 semi-intensive), each rearing more than 15 sheep and operating for at least 3 years. Data were collected through questionnaire interviews and field observations, then analyzed descriptively to calculate production costs, revenue, income, R/C ratio, and Break Even Point (BEP). Results showed that the average total production cost for the intensive sistem was Rp 52,429,313, higher than the semi-intensive sistem at Rp 39,664,375. The average revenue for the intensive sistem was Rp 69,150,000, while the semi-intensive sistem was Rp 63,712,500. The average income for intensive farmers was Rp 16,720,688, compared to Rp 24,048,125 for semi-intensive farmers. The average R/C ratio for the intensive sistem was 1 (near break-even), while the semi-intensive sistem was 2 (more efficient and profitable). BEP analysis indicated higher sales for the intensive sistem (Rp 844,022/sheep/period) compared to the semi-intensive sistem (Rp 691,052/sheep/period), with a larger production BEP for the intensive sistem (44 sheep) than the semi-intensive sistem (33 sheep). The semi-intensive sistem is recommended for farmers with limited capital and small to medium-scale operations due to lower costs and higher profit margins, while the intensive sistem is more suitable for large-scale operations with adequate capital, feed management, and health care.

Energy efficiency in water heaters is a crucial factor in ship operational environments due to limited electricity resources that rely on generators. This study aims to design and build an IoT-based water heater monitoring system with an innovative heat storage medium in the form of a mixture of silica sand and paraffin wax to improve thermal efficiency. Although previous studies have developed temperature monitoring and control systems in IoT-based water heaters, this study specifically fills this gap by analyzing the performance of adding silica sand to overcome the low thermal conductivity of paraffin wax. Using the Research and Development (R&D) method, this system was built with an ESP32 microcontroller as the control center, a DS18B20 temperature sensor for accurate measurements, and the Blynk and Google Sheets platforms for real-time monitoring and data recording. Performance testing was conducted by comparing the water heating rate between pure paraffin wax media and the mixed media. The results showed that the monitoring system functioned reliably, and the main finding proved that the addition of silica sand to paraffin wax significantly increased heating efficiency. This was clearly seen from the reduction in time required to raise the water temperature to 40°C, from 2.5 hours to only 1 hour in the second heating cycle. The results of this study indicate that the integration of silica sand and paraffin wax media with IoT technology can increase the efficiency of water heaters and provide an innovative solution for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly temperature control.

The increasing demand for electrical energy, particularly in offices and commercial buildings, has made energy efficiency a critical aspect of sustainable development. Among various building components, lighting systems are recognized as one of the major consumers of energy. This study investigates the potential for energy savings through the adoption of a smart lighting system incorporating IoT-based sensors, motion detectors, and dimming controls. Employing a quantitative descriptive approach, the research was conducted at the workspace of Indie Light, comparing energy consumption before and after the implementation of the system. Data were collected using direct observation, light and power meters, and real-time monitoring devices to ensure accurate measurement. The results demonstrate that smart lighting systems can substantially reduce energy use without compromising lighting quality or comfort. By integrating intelligent sensors and adaptive control algorithms, the system not only optimizes energy efficiency but also aligns with national policies on energy conservation, supporting broader environmental sustainability efforts. These findings suggest that smart lighting solutions can play a significant role in promoting energy-efficient practices in commercial spaces while contributing to sustainable development goals.

Business is an economic activity carried out by individuals or organizations to produce and sell goods or services with the aim of making a profit. The NSH Group Store is a business that sells carpets, pillows, bolsters, and dolls located in the Sei Dadap I/II Plantation, Sei Dadap District, Asahan Regency, North Sumatra 21225. The NSH Group Store was established in 2016 and is owned by Mrs. Siti Komariah Siregar. Among the challenges faced by the NSH Group Store owner are irregular stock procurement. Sales transaction processes still use conventional methods, reducing efficiency and time effectiveness, and potentially leading to data errors. Supply Chain Management is a series of approaches used to efficiently integrate suppliers so that goods can be distributed in the right quantities, locations, and at the right time, with the aim of minimizing overall system costs. A bolster pillow is a pillow that can function as both a pillow and a bolster. Bolster pillows are oval and long, so they can be hugged while sleeping. The benefits of a bolster pillow include maintaining a proper sleeping position, reducing pressure on joints, helping reduce aches, improving sleep quality, and improving overall health. Therefore, by implementing Supply Chain Management (SCM), data processing will be faster and more accurate.

Mining sequence design is one of the important stages in open pit mining activities that aims to organize the excavation stages so that production activities run effectively, efficiently, and in accordance with the established targets. This research was conducted at PT Putra Perkasa Abadi Site SKS with the aim of designing a mining sequence in January and February 2025. The methods used include analysis of topographic data, geology, pit design, and monthly production targets. The data was processed using mining software to determine the excavation sequence based on elevation, overburden volume, and coal reserves. The design results show that the total planned overburden and coal volume is able to meet the company's production targets by considering slope stability and the efficiency of digging and loading equipment. In addition, the resulting sequence design also takes into account aspects of work safety and field operational conditions, such as mine road access and drainage systems. With a structured design, it is expected that mining activities during this period can run according to schedule, minimize operational obstacles, and support the achievement of production targets and cost efficiency at PT Putra Perkasa Abadi Site SKS.

The calculation of work volume and construction costs is a fundamental aspect of project management, as errors in the estimation process can directly affect the preparation of the project budget. Many projects still use conventional methods for estimation, which are based on 2D working drawings with the assistance of Microsoft Excel, as seen in the Sungai Raya Religious Court Building project. This method is considered prone to calculation errors and less efficient due to the considerable amount of time required. With the advancement of technology, Building Information Modeling (BIM) has emerged, enabling automatic and integrated calculation of work volumes and construction costs through a three-dimensional digital model. This study aims to examine the implementation of BIM in the Sungai Raya Religious Court Building project and to compare the results of work volume and construction cost calculations between the BIM method using Autodesk Revit and the conventional method based on the project’s Bill of Quantity (BoQ). The research method was conducted by modeling the structural elements of the building, including pile caps, tie beams, columns, beams, floor slabs, and reinforcements. The results of work volume and construction cost calculations obtained from Autodesk Revit were then compared with the project’s BoQ as the conventional method. Based on the analysis, an average difference of 6.3% in work volume and 5.6% in construction cost was found, with the Autodesk Revit calculations showing slightly lower values compared to the project’s BoQ.

The advancement of information technology today has provided great benefits in the world of education. The construction of computer-based academic information system websites is part of the use of information technology. With information technology, it is possible for academic databases to be processed quickly and easily, so that in the presentation of the required academic information reports can be obtained precisely, quickly, and efficiently. SMP Negeri 2 Wewewa Utara already has sufficient information technology infrastructure, but it has not been used optimally in academic management. The school already has a computer lab and internet access, but academic data management is still carried out manually using a ledger and Microsoft Excel application. To address issues such as unintegrated student data, complex and time-consuming grade management processes, delivering academic information, and monitoring student learning progress, an academic information system is needed. The purpose of developing this system is to solve the problems contained in the previous system by creating an academic information system at SMP N 2 Wewewa Utara. With the implementation of the new system at SMP N 2 Wewewa Utara, the knowledge and skills of employees, teachers, and principals in the field of web-based academic information systems can be improved. In the development of the academic information system that will be included in the system, it includes information about students, subjects, student classes, classrooms, teachers, homeroom teachers, and student score reports. The software used is DBMS (Database Management System), while the data storage medium is MySQL and PHP as a Programming Language.