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Background: Patients with chronic kidney failure must undergo hemodialysis/dialysis therapy. Chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis experience several changes in their lives due to the patient's illness. Objective: This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the life experiences of chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: This research uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The instruments for this research were the researcher himself, voice recorder, field notes, stationery, interview guide, and informed consent form. The informants used in this research were 7 informants. Results were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Results: Based on the results obtained in this study, 4 themes were found, namely (1) physiological, psychological, social, spiritual and economic changes, (2) Coping techniques in overcoming problems or changes due to chronic kidney failure, (3) Experiences in undergoing the hemodialysis process , (4) The hardest experience while suffering from chronic kidney failure. Conclusion: All informants experienced physiological, psychological and spiritual changes, while only a few informants experienced social and economic changes. Coping techniques for dealing with these changes are good except for economic changes where there is no solution for these changes. Experiences in undergoing the hemodialysis process include some being positive and some being negative. Meanwhile, the hardest experiences while suffering from chronic kidney failure vary according to what happens in the informant's life.

Background: Section Caesarea (SC) is the process of giving birth through surgery by making an incision in the mother's stomach (laparatomy) and uterus (hysterectomy) to remove the baby. 75% of surgical patients experience moderate to severe pain after surgery. Women experience high levels of pain intensity for 24 hours after SC. Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy to reduce pain intensity in post-section caesarean mothers at Muhammadiyah Kalikapas Hospital. Methods: In this research, researchers used a Quasi Experimental type of research with a one group pre test and post test design. The population was 39 and a sample of 35 patients was obtained using purposive sampling. This research data uses the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) observation sheet. After tabulating the data, it was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with a significance level of p= ? ? 0.05. The results of the study showed that before being given lavender aromatherapy, most of the 35 post- SC mothers experienced severe pain, after treatment 19 people (54.3%) experienced moderate pain. Result: The Wilxocon Test results obtained a significant value, namely p-value 0.000, then Ha is accepted so it can be concluded that there is an effect of using lavender aromatherapy to reduce pain intensity in post caesarean section. This means that there is an influence of the use of Lavender Aromatherapy to Reduce Pain Intensity in Post Sectio Caesarea Mothers at Muhammadiyah Kalikapas Hospital in 2024. Conclusion: Lavender Aromatherapy can be a non-pharmacological therapy in reducing pain intensity for post SC Mothers

Work activities in workshops often require static and repetitive body positions, such as bending over, lifting heavy loads, or reaching into narrow areas of vehicles. These habits can gradually cause muscle tension and lead to neck and lower back pain. Given the high risk, physiotherapy counseling on occupational safety and health (OSH) and ergonomics was conducted to provide practical understanding to B-Garage, Batu City workshop workers. The counseling was delivered interactively through material presentations, direct discussions, and demonstrations of stretching exercises that can be easily applied in daily activities. The results of the activity showed a very significant increase in knowledge; participants who initially did not understand the principles of ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain prevention were able to identify work risks and practice stretching exercises correctly after the education session. This change was clearly evident from the post-test results, which showed a significant overall improvement compared to the pre-test. These findings indicate that physical therapy education not only enhances knowledge but also promotes behavioral changes toward safer, more comfortable, and more productive work patterns.

Emesis gravidarum, or nausea and vomiting during early pregnancy, is a common condition affecting the health and comfort of first-trimester pregnant women. Persistent symptoms can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, reduced nutrient intake, and psychological distress, potentially affecting both maternal and fetal health. Although pharmacological treatments are available, many pregnant women prefer non-pharmacological approaches due to concerns about fetal safety. Aromatherapy, using essential oils such as lemon, peppermint, and lavender, has emerged as a complementary therapy that may reduce nausea and vomiting through olfactory stimulation and autonomic nervous system modulation. This study aimed to examine the effect of aromatherapy on reducing emesis gravidarum in first-trimester pregnant women at Puskesmas Pagatan. A quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group was conducted, involving 40 participants divided into an intervention group (n=20) and a control group (n=20) using purposive sampling. The intervention group received lemon essential oil inhalation twice daily for seven consecutive days, while the control group continued standard antenatal care. Data were collected using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for nausea severity and a structured diary for vomiting frequency. Results showed that the intervention group experienced a significant reduction in nausea severity (pretest mean 6.8 ± 1.2, posttest mean 3.2 ± 1.0, p < 0.001) and vomiting frequency (pretest mean 5.2 ± 1.0, posttest mean 2.1 ± 0.9, p < 0.001). In contrast, the control group showed minimal, non-significant changes. These findings indicate that aromatherapy is an effective, safe, and culturally acceptable non-pharmacological intervention for managing emesis gravidarum. The study concludes that integrating aromatherapy into routine antenatal care can improve maternal comfort, adherence to nutritional intake, and overall well-being in first-trimester pregnancies, supporting holistic prenatal care practices.

In order to guarantee the best possible maternal health and fetal growth throughout pregnancy, complementary services for expectant mothers are required. These services include nutrition, mental health, and supplementary medical treatment. According to data, 70% of pregnant women have low back discomfort. According to a different poll, eight out of ten third-trimester pregnant women report having back pain. Doing Childpose (Balasana) exercises is one more way to lessen this problem. This study sought to ascertain if Childpose (Balasana) exercises were beneficial in lowering low back pain complaints among pregnant women in their third trimester at the South Bolango City Health Center. This study employed a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest approach with a sample of 34 pregnant women in the third trimester. There were twenty participants in the study's sample. Childpose or balasana exercises are beneficial in relieving back discomfort in third trimester pregnant women at the South Bolango Health Center, according to the data, which indicated a P-value of 0.000 <0.05.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system and often leads to fatigue, mobility impairments, and psychological issues such as anxiety and depression, all of which significantly reduce the quality of life of those affected. Yoga therapy, as a holistic non-pharmacological approach, has gained attention as an alternative rehabilitative intervention for MS patients. Objective: The aim of this review is to literatureally examine the effectiveness of yoga therapy on the physical and psychological aspects of individuals with MS, with a particular focus on the duration, frequency, and forms of yoga practice used. Methods: The method employed in this study was a literature literature search across databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate, using clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 15 articles with experimental and quasi-experimental research designs published within the past 10 years were analyzed in this review. Result: The results indicate that yoga is effective in reducing fatigue levels, improving balance and muscle strength, and enhancing daily physical functioning. Psychologically, yoga has been shown to significantly reduce anxiety, stress, and depression, while also improving self-efficacy, focus, and emotional quality of life. Conclusion: In conclusion, yoga is a safe and effective intervention that can serve as a complementary rehabilitative strategy in the management of MS, both physically and psychologically, although further research with stronger methodologies is needed to support its implementation in clinical practice.

Background: Constipation is a common health problem among infants aged 6–12 months, which can lead to discomfort, feeding difficulties, and reduced quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as the I Love You (ILU) massage, have been suggested to improve bowel regularity and reduce gastrointestinal discomfort in infants. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of ILU massage on reducing constipation in infants aged 6–12 months at the South Bulango Health Center. Methods: A pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach was applied. Data on bowel movement frequency, stool consistency, and abdominal discomfort were collected before and after the intervention using structured observation sheets and caregiver questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using paired t-tests, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The results showed a significant increase in bowel movement frequency from 2.1 ± 0.8 times per week before the intervention to 4.5 ± 1.0 times per week after the intervention (p = 0.000). Stool consistency improved from a mean Bristol score of 2.0 ± 0.6 to 4.0 ± 0.7 (p = 0.000), and abdominal discomfort decreased from 3.5 ± 1.0 to 1.2 ± 0.8 (p = 0.000). These findings indicate that ILU massage effectively alleviates constipation symptoms in infants. Conclusion: ILU massage is an effective, safe, and non-invasive method to reduce constipation in infants aged 6–12 months. Involving caregivers in the intervention enhances its effectiveness and supports parent–child bonding, making it suitable for integration into routine infant care at community health centers.

Hypertension is a major factor contributing to high mortality rates and is often identified as the silent killer. Various non-pharmacological interventions have been developed to help lower blood pressure, such as the use of acupressure, herbal remedies, relaxation breathing exercises, meditation, aromatherapy, and reflexology on the soles of the feet. The focus of this study is to examine the effects of reflexology on the soles of the feet on blood pressure dynamics in individuals with hypertension in Gue Gajah Village, Darul Imarah District. The methodology applied was quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design, and the data collection pattern was a single group with pre- and post-treatment measurements (one group pretest-posttest). From a total of 328 hypertensive patients in the area, 15 research participants were purposively selected as samples. The study process took place from May 2 to 28, 2025. The results of the analysis using a paired t-test showed a significant change in blood pressure between before and after the foot reflexology treatment, both in systolic pressure (p-value = 0.000; p < 0.05) and diastolic pressure (p-value = 0.000; p < 0.05). Based on these findings, it can be stated that foot reflexology massage therapy has an effect on lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for health workers to expand the use of non-pharmacological interventions in the management of hypertension and open opportunities for further research with larger sample sizes and designs.

Ischemic stroke occurs when a thrombus, embolus, or vascular stenosis disrupts blood supply to the brain, causing vessel rupture and blood leakage into the surrounding neuronal space. A common clinical symptom of stroke is hemiparesis, or muscle weakness on one side of the body. Non-pharmacological management, such as range of motion exercises using mirror therapy, can support rehabilitation. Mirror therapy is a form of motor rehabilitation that engages the patient's motor imagery. The mirror provides visual stimulation to the brain, particularly the cerebral motor nerves on both the affected and unaffected sides, to assist movement in limbs experiencing hemiparesis. This study used a case study method, implementing nursing care and evidence-based nursing practice. Over six consecutive days of intervention, mirror therapy led to increased muscle strength. Prior to the therapy, muscle strength was recorded at. After the therapy, muscle strength improved to. These results suggest that mirror therapy can serve as an effective rehabilitation strategy to address impaired physical mobility in patients with ischemic stroke.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience shortness of breath, fatigue, and a decline in quality of life due to fluid imbalance, anemia, and reduced lung capacity. These conditions highlight the need for simple, safe, and effective non-pharmacological interventions. This community service program, titled “Napas Lega Bersama” (“Breathing Relief Together”), aimed to improve the knowledge and skills of CKD patients in applying pursed-lip breathing (PLB) techniques as a strategy to enhance breathing patterns and overall well-being. The activity was conducted at a partner hospital’s hemodialysis unit through educational sessions, live demonstrations, and guided PLB practice over a two-week period. Pre- and post-program assessments were performed using standardized questionnaires to measure participants’ knowledge and perceived quality of life. The results showed an 85% increase in participants’ understanding of PLB and a 70% improvement in perceived comfort and daily activity performance after the intervention. Participants also reported reduced shortness of breath and greater relaxation during dialysis sessions. This program demonstrates that pursed-lip breathing can serve as a simple and effective complementary therapy to improve the quality of life of CKD patients. It is recommended that this initiative be continued through routine mentoring and interdisciplinary collaboration to promote therapeutic breathing exercises across healthcare settings.

Background: Indonesia, as an agrarian country, has a large workforce engaged in physically demanding activities that increase the risk of myofascial pain. The prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) in the upper trapezius muscle in Indonesia reaches 40% annually, with a higher rate in women. This condition often causes complaints in the neck, shoulders, and lower back, leading to a decline in quality of life. Various management strategies exist, but many are less effective in the long term and carry potential side effects. Lidocaine, as a local anesthetic, offers an alternative therapy due to its simple procedure, affordable cost, rapid effect, and good safety profile; therefore, its effectiveness in managing myofascial pain needs to be evaluated. Methods: This study was an observational research with a prospective cohort design conducted at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. Patients with myofascial pain who received lidocaine injections were followed for 4 weeks, and pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to assess the relationship between lidocaine administration and pain reduction. Results: The study showed that lidocaine injection was effective in significantly reducing myofascial pain. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test produced negative Z values with p = 0.000 (<0.05) for all comparisons from pretest to the fourth week. The Friedman test also indicated significant differences between weeks (χ² = 9.731; p = 0.021), with optimal pain reduction observed in the second week. Although lidocaine provided significant analgesic effects, its effectiveness tended to decrease in subsequent weeks, indicating a short-term effect that should be combined with other interventions for sustained outcomes. Conclusion: Lidocaine injection proved effective in reducing pain among patients with myofascial pain syndrome, with the most optimal reduction occurring in the second week after therapy. The dominant factors influencing the outcomes were the relatively short duration of lidocaine’s action and individual variability in response. This implies that lidocaine can be used as an effective initial therapy, but should be combined with other interventions such as physiotherapy or activity modification to achieve more stable and sustainable pain management.

Burns are one of the global health problems that still cause high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in countries with limited resources. Burn management is currently undergoing rapid development through a multidisciplinary approach that includes early resuscitation, local wound care, infection control, pain management, nutritional support, and long-term rehabilitation. This study uses the literature review method by examining articles from international databases for the period 2020–2025 to obtain the latest information on burn management updates. The results of the analysis showed that innovative therapies such as the use of stem cells, biomaterials (e.g. fish skin graft), as well as nanomedicine technology with silver nanoparticles have been proven to accelerate tissue healing and reduce complications. In addition, classic approaches such as early debridement, modern dressing selection, and enteral nutrition remain the primary basis in clinical treatment. Psychosocial and physical rehabilitation aspects are also increasingly considered because they have a significant effect on the quality of life of patients. Although various therapeutic innovations have shown promising results, translation to clinical practice still faces barriers in the form of cost, regulation, and limited facilities. Therefore, updates on burn management are needed to ensure more effective, efficient, and equitable management in modern medical practice.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a global and national health problem, with Indonesia among the top three countries with the highest TB burden in the world. Long TB treatment often impacts the physical, social, emotional, functional, and spiritual aspects of patients, so measuring the quality of health is important in assessing the success of therapy comprehensively. This study aims to determine the description of the quality of health of Tuberculosis patients at Wava Husada Hospital Malang using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Tuberculosis (FACIT-TB) instrument. This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach conducted on outpatient TB patients at Wava Husada Hospital Malang during June–August 2025. A total of 113 respondents who met the inclusion criteria were included. Data were obtained through the FACIT-TB questionnaire, which comprises five main variables: Physical Well-Being, Social/Family Well-Being, Emotional Well-Being, Functional Well-Being, and Spiritual Well-Being. The results showed that the majority of patients (53.1%) experienced moderate physical impairment, 73.5% had good social engagement, and 70.8% were emotionally stable. Fifty-four percent of respondents still had moderate functional impairment, while 45.1% were in the moderate spiritual impairment category. These findings indicate that although most patients demonstrated good emotional and social adaptation, physical, functional, and spiritual challenges remain that require further attention in healthcare. In conclusion, the overall quality of health of TB patients at Wava Husada Hospital in Malang is in the moderate category. These results underscore the importance of a multidimensional approach to TB patient management, emphasizing not only medical aspects but also psychosocial and spiritual support to improve therapy success and patient quality of life.

Osteoarthritis of the knee is a degenerative condition of the knee joint characterized by the thinning of cartilage, leading to friction between the femur and tibia. This condition results in pain, limited joint mobility, and reduced strength of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in reducing these symptoms through modality-based approaches and structured exercise therapy. This study is a case study involving a single patient with right knee osteoarthritis. Data were collected through direct observation and evaluation of therapeutic outcomes. Interventions were conducted over four sessions using Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) to reduce pain, Ultrasound to enhance blood circulation and reduce inflammation, and exercise therapy focusing on improving muscle strength and joint range of motion. After four therapy sessions, there was a reduction in pain intensity, improved strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings, and increased joint range of motion. These results demonstrate that the combination of TENS, ultrasound, and exercise therapy is effective in improving function and quality of life for patients with right knee osteoarthritis. This study emphasizes the importance of a multimodal physiotherapy approach in managing chronic musculoskeletal disorders.

Hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis (HHD) is a chronic hand eczema subtype marked by thick hyperkeratotic plaques, painful fissures, and minimal erythema or vesiculation.It is diagnostically challenging due to overlap with palmoplantar psoriasis and keratoderma and is strongly linked to repeated irritant exposure in wet work. A 60-year-old male taro leaf farmer presented with itching and burning on the palms and backs of both hands, spreading to the forearms for 2–3 weeks. Examination revealed papules, hyperpigmented plaques, erythematous macules, irregular scaling, and about 1 cm palmar fissures on both hands. The working diagnosis was chronic hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis. Initial treatment included oral cetirizine, topical betamethasone valerate, and Vaseline gel, plus education on using long rubber gloves at work. HHD results from skin barrier dysfunction and keratinocyte hyperproliferation caused by repeated irritant exposure. In this case, exposure to taro leaves and prolonged rubber glove use likely maintained irritation and occlusion. Differential diagnoses include palmoplantar psoriasis, contact dermatitis, and tinea manuum. Management involves potent corticosteroids, antihistamines, occlusive emollients, and occupational modifications such as replacing gloves and limiting occlusion time. Identifying occupational factors in HHD is essential. Effective management requires combined topical therapy, symptom control, and strict workplace modifications, along with patient education and allergy screening if needed.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder often accompanied by various psychopathological manifestations, one of which is auditory hallucinations that limit social functioning and reduce the quality of life of affected individuals. Dhikr therapy, as a psychoreligious approach, is believed to provide inner peace and reduce the intensity of hallucinatory symptoms. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of dhikr therapy among schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations who were treated at Aceh Mental Hospital. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest model and purposive sampling technique, involving 15 patients experiencing auditory hallucinations. The intervention was conducted for three consecutive days, with each session lasting 10–20 minutes and consisting of a sequence of dhikr recitations including istighfar, tasbih, tahmid, and takbir. The severity of hallucinations was measured using the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS). Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed a significant decrease in auditory hallucination scores with a p-value of 0.001. These findings indicate that dhikr therapy is effective in helping patients manage hallucinatory symptoms and may serve as a non-pharmacological therapeutic alternative in psychiatric nursing care for schizophrenia patients

Child sexual abuse is a severe problem that profoundly affects victims’ physical, psychological, and social well-being. The Deli Serdang Child Protection Institution (LPA) functions as a non-governmental organization providing recovery and rehabilitation services for victims of such abuse. This study aims to examine the implementation of psychosocial interventions for child sexual abuse victims at LPA Deli Serdang. Conducted in Deli Serdang Regency, the research involved several informants, including the Chairperson and Psychologist of LPA as key informants, two child victims identified by the initials Z and N as main informants, and four supporting informants consisting of the victims’ parents, the LPA Secretary, and Legal Staff. Data collection was carried out through literature review, observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed qualitatively to gain a comprehensive understanding of the psychosocial intervention process. The findings show that LPA Deli Serdang has fulfilled its role in accordance with Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, particularly in providing integrated services that address victims’ emotional and behavioral needs. Based on Nitimiharjo’s (2012) framework, psychosocial interventions implemented by LPA have contributed to positive improvements in the victims’ cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and environmental domains. Moreover, according to Caroline’s (2012) theory, individual and play therapy have been identified as the primary methods used to assist victims in the recovery process. Overall, these interventions have proven effective in supporting psychological healing and social reintegration for child sexual abuse victims under the institution’s care.

Tele-Herbal Medicine is a technology-driven service designed to deliver herbal medicine consultations and therapies through wellness clinics, aiming to improve access to personalized and affordable care. This study systematically assesses its effectiveness, implementation, and challenges as part of integrated health services by reviewing relevant literature published in the past five years. Findings indicate that Tele-Herbal Medicine significantly enhances patient access, offering tailored and cost-efficient herbal treatments. Despite these promising outcomes, implementation faces key obstacles, including inadequate regulatory frameworks, the absence of standardized herbal product validation procedures, and concerns over patient data security. These limitations underscore the urgent need for comprehensive policies, quality assurance mechanisms, and strict data protection protocols, consistent with broader telemedicine guidelines. By addressing these issues, Tele-Herbal Medicine can evolve into a reliable and sustainable model, enabling wellness clinics to expand services without compromising safety or quality. Ultimately, its success depends on clear legal support, standardized validation systems, and robust monitoring tools to ensure effectiveness, safety, and full integration into the healthcare ecosystem, thus positioning it as an innovative solution that bridges traditional herbal practices with modern digital health services.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease whose exact cause is not yet fully understood. This condition is characterized by damage to the articular cartilage, resulting in pain, joint stiffness, decreased muscle strength, muscle spasms, and reduced functional activity of the patient. Several factors contribute to the development of osteoarthritis, including age, gender, race, genetic factors, smoking habits, history of trauma, type of occupation or physical activity, exercise habits, and obesity. The prevalence of osteoarthritis increases with age; among individuals aged 65–74 years, approximately 39% experience knee osteoarthritis and 23% experience hip osteoarthritis. In those over 70 years old, almost all individuals, both men and women, show symptoms of this condition. Osteoarthritis is a chronic progressive disease characterized by inflammation of the articular cartilage and synovial membrane, which causes persistent pain, joint stiffness, decreased muscle strength, and reduced mobility. Physiotherapy management for this condition aims to reduce pain, improve muscle strength, and enhance joint function. Common therapeutic modalities used include Shortwave Diathermy (SWD), Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), and the Hold Relax exercise technique, which helps relax muscles and increase joint range of motion

Hyperthyroidism is an endocrine disorder characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormones, with Graves' disease being the most common cause. This condition can lead to serious complications, including thyroid crisis or storm, which is a medical emergency with a high mortality risk. This article aims to review the literature related to the definition, epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, complications, and prognosis of hyperthyroidism and thyroid crisis. The writing method used a narrative literature review based on national and international literature from 2014 to 2024 obtained through PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Sinta-indexed national journals. The results of the review show that hyperthyroidism has a broad impact on organ systems, with cardiovascular and metabolic complications being the main burden. Thyroid crisis, although rare, remains a serious threat that requires prompt, aggressive, and multidisciplinary management. In conclusion, early detection, accurate diagnosis, and guideline-based therapy are key to improving patient prognosis and reducing mortality.