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This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity ratios as proxied by the Current Ratio and Quick Ratio, solvency ratios as proxied by the Debt to Asset Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio, and profitability ratios as proxied by Return On Assets and Return On Equity. Based on the type and nature of the data used in this study, it is quantitative. The data analysis technique in this study begins with descriptive statistical analysis. The analysis is then continued with a panel data regression analysis, taking into account the coefficient of determination (R² test), model feasibility (F test), and the significance of the independent variables on the dependent variable (t-test). Data analysis in this study was conducted using the Econometric Views (EViews) program. The results of the study indicate that: 1) the Current Ratio has a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices, while the Quick Ratio has a positive and significant effect on stock prices; 2) DAR has a negative and significant effect on stock prices, while DER has a positive and insignificant effect on stock prices; and 3) ROA has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, while ROE has a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices.

This literature review examines the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure on mergers and acquisitions (M&A), focusing on market reactions, post-merger integration, and long-term performance. The review reveals that CSR disclosure often leads to positive market reactions, fostering investor confidence and increasing stock prices during M&A announcements. Furthermore, CSR practices contribute to smoother post-merger integration by aligning organizational cultures and fostering trust. Over the long term, companies that integrate CSR into their strategies generally experience enhanced brand value, customer loyalty, and competitive advantage. However, the effectiveness of CSR disclosure depends on its authenticity and strategic alignment with corporate goals. The review also highlights the need for further research in emerging markets and the exploration of qualitative approaches to deepen understanding of CSR’s role in M&A.

This study aims to examine and analyze the impact of promotions and prices on customer satisfaction, mediated by service quality in Medan City. The research is quantitative in nature, using an accidental sampling technique. Data collection was done through questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis was performed using SMART PLS. The population consisted of 50 respondents, all of whom were included as the research sample. The findings reveal that promotion has a positive and significant effect on service quality in Medan furniture stores. Price also positively and significantly impacts service quality at Akela Meubel in Medan. Promotions positively and significantly influence customer satisfaction at Akela Meubel, while price has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction in Medan furniture. Furthermore, promotion positively and significantly affects customer satisfaction at Akela Meubel in Medan through service quality, and price positively impacts satisfaction through service quality at Medan furniture.

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability and debt policy on Company Value at PT Kalbe Farma Tbk for the period 2012-2022. This type of research is quantitative research. The data for this study were obtained through secondary data. Based on the total sampling method, the total research sample was 44 in the form of financial reports of PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. The analysis techniques used were classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis tests and determinant coefficient tests. The results of the study showed that the partial t-test results of the profitability variable had a negative and insignificant effect on company value, Debt Policy had a positive and significant effect on company value. The results of the simultaneous F-test of the profitability variable and debt policy had a positive and significant effect on stock prices.

The interest rate in the Iraqi economy represents an active and important element in the management of monetary policy in the Iraqi economy, as it is used by the monetary authority represented by the Central Bank of Iraq to influence the money supply, as well as the impact of this also by allocating the available resources for savings among foreign investments to achieve the central goal of the monetary authority of achieving stability in prices such as the interest rate and various prices and values of investments together and thus achieve balance at the economic and financial levels. This research analyzes the relationship between interest rate changes (IRC) and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Iraqi economy during the period from (2004-2023). Multiple analytical tools were used, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, time series analysis, and prediction models using ARIMA and Prophet. The results showed an association between the two variables under consideration, with the ability of the ARIMA and Prophet models to provide accurate forecasts of future   FDI trends. A quantitative methodology that includes descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, time series models, and forecasting tools has been adopted to clarify the relationship between the two variables and draw conclusions that support economic decision-making.

By using Digital Marketing, business actors are expected to be able to increase sales well gradually. Ayam Geprek Sambal Ijo Dua Putri, which has been established since 2018 and owned by Mrs. Onik, is an MSME that has grown and developed its business. Strategically located on Jl. HS. Ronggo Waluyo, Puseur Jaya, Telukjambe Timur, Karawang, this stall offers geprek chicken with delicious green chili sauce and affordable prices. In facing the digital era, Mrs. Onik, as the owner of Ayam Geprek Sambal Ijo Dua Putri, has wisely recognized the potential of online marketing as the key to the success of her business. With a daily turnover of 4 million rupiah through offline channels, as well as their success in collaborating with Shopee Food and Grab Food, the next step taken is to expand their presence in the digital realm. Marketing through social media platforms, especially Instagram, and the use of banners as a strategy to attract consumers, are considered strategic steps that will allow them to reach more potential customers. The selection of Ayam Geprek Sambal Ijo Dua Putri as the focus of the research is very appropriate because of its strategic location, right on the side of the road, making it the main choice for many people passing by.  

This study aims to determine the effect of net profit and cash flow on stock prices in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 - 2023. This research approach uses an associative research approach. The population in this study are companies engaged in the pharmaceutical sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 - 2023, totaling 10 companies. The sample that meets the criteria in this study is 7 pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 - 2023. The data collection technique in this study is a documentation study. The data analysis technique in this study is descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests including normality tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, and autocorrelation tests, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing including t-tests, f-tests and coefficients of determination. The results of this study indicate that partially net profit does not affect stock prices in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 - 2023, partially cash flow does not affect stock prices in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 - 2023, then net profit and cash flow simultaneously affect stock prices in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 - 2023.

Deficiency in energy and nutrient intake in athletes can disrupt physiological functions, hinder muscle growth, cause fatigue and illness, and result in suboptimal performance. It is crucial for athletes to carefully manage their food intake during training, competition, and recovery, while also considering eating behaviors that include perception, knowledge, and habits related to food selection and consumption. This study aims to identify the factors influencing eating behaviors in non-elite athletes with a history of macro-nutrient intake deficits in the UNESA Basketball UKM. The research employs a qualitative methodology. Data were collected from key and supporting informants selected based on inclusion criteria established by the researcher. The number of research informants was determined based on the information obtained which was deemed to have reached saturation point, resulting in 7 key informants and 8 supporting informants. The collected data were analyzed through transcription and then categorized into relevant codes and themes. The findings of this study identified two main themes influencing the eating behaviors of non-elite athletes in the UNESA Basketball UKM: internal and external factors. Internal factors, including food preferences, self-discipline, self-confidence, state of mind, gastrointestinal discomfort, body image, sleep time, past eating habits, physical activity level, nutritional knowledge, and food allergies. Meanwhile, external factors include social influence, food availability, food prices, and social media.

Goals Performance measurement is a process used to assess the extent to which an individual or organization has achieved the goals that have been set. Existing research explains the relationship between price, promotion, satisfaction, and loyalty, but many aim to explore one aspect without considering the dynamics of the interaction between price and promotion. In some contexts, lower prices are not always matched by high levels of satisfaction, indicating the need for further research. The Balanced Scorecard method can also be used to measure company performance. PT Dunkin Donat is a private company operating in the well-known food and beverage sector. To be able to have an advantage in rapid business competition, PT Dunkin Donat Unggul needs to have an appropriate performance measurement system framework. The following are the research results: 1). Service: The service provided by Dunkin Donuts is considered quite good for consumer needs, 2). Facilities: the facilities provided to consumers are considered quite good in terms of cleanliness and comfort, 3). Menu: the menu served by Dunkin Donuts is quite good because there are various types of menus that suit consumer tastes, dan 4). Appearance: the appearance of Dunkin Donuts employees is quite good because they look attractive so that consumers feel comfortable.

The purpose of this study was to determine the internal and external factors of sago agro-industry development and to identify the strategy for developing sago agro-industry in Asaki Village, Lambuya District, Konawe Regency. The determination of the location of this study was carried out purposively, which is a method of determining the research area intentionally. The population in this study were all farmers who were in the sago agro-industry in Asaki Village, Lambuya District, Konawe Regency, where the number was 36 people. The sample determination was carried out by census, namely by taking all populations as research samples. The analysis used the SWOT formula. The results of the study Internal factors are strength factors consisting of seven, namely: quality products at affordable prices, strategic production locations, experience in business, having their own sago plantation land, products without preservatives and bleach, accepting orders in advance. Weakness factors consist of five, namely: small production results, no regular consumers, production is carried out with traditional equipment, lack of supporting facilities, only relying on the capital of the business owner. External factors are opportunity factors consisting of six opportunity factors, namely: high consumer purchasing power, high demand for sago products, it is a staple food for the community, raw materials are easy to obtain, the availability of raw materials is guaranteed, more modern production machines have been created. Threat factors consist of five factors, namely: many competitors, no government assistance, increasing fuel prices, unstable raw material prices, changes in weather or climate and sago agroindustry is on the medium line or Hold and maintain strategy, which means that the processing business is maintained, maintained and improved where the Hold and maintain strategy is a profitable situation that has opportunities and strengths, so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities.

The cosmetics industry in Indonesia continues to experience rapid development, especially with increasing consumer preferences for local products. Hanasui, as a local cosmetic brand, offers quality facial serum at affordable prices which is available on various e-commerce platforms. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence consumer behavior in purchasing Hanasui serum, including product quality, price, online reviews and social recommendations. Referring to previous research, factors such as social class, reference groups, product knowledge, and online customer reviews are known to play an important role in cosmetic product purchasing decisions. The findings of this research are expected to provide in-depth insight for manufacturers and marketers to formulate more effective marketing strategies, increase customer loyalty, and strengthen Hanasui's position in the local cosmetics market.  

Political events often affect investors' decisions in taking wise steps. This paper analyses the impact of the political event "Emergency Alert" on the abnormal returns of IDX-listed infrastructure stocks using an event study methodology. Using a sample of 55 infrastructure stocks,the secondary data used are stock prices observed during the observation period. The difference in average returns before and after the event was assessed by analysing the estimated average abnormal return (AAR) and comparing the sample t-test statistics. The results of the analysis showed that a one-sample t-test (p < 0.05) indicated that abnormal returns were significant both before and after the event. However, a paired sample t-test showed that the difference between the average abnormal return rates of the two periods was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). This result suggests that although the "extraordinary alert" event has a significant impact on each period, its impact is not strong enough to cause a significant difference between periods. This study provides insights into stock market reactions to political uncertainty and serves as a reference for investors to address similar effects in the future.

This study is about price trends in two traditional Indonesian food stalls between Warung Nasi Padang and Warteg. Based on a survey of 51 customers, they found that price differences can be caused by basic factors; operational costs, raw material prices and consumer preferences. The result of this study is that the characteristics of Nasi Padang can be seen in stable prices and competitive strategies, while the characteristics of Warteg are more affordable and flexible. This difference affects the management strategy, which provides suggestions to improve productivity and competitive pricing.  

Handicrafts have become an integral part of Indonesian society as a form of livelihood that also has artistic value with selling prices that vary depending on the level of difficulty. There are many types of handicrafts, such as those made from woven bamboo, ceramics, used materials, beads and leather. The development of fashion in the current era is very rapid. One of them is beads. Beads are small decorative objects that have various profitable business opportunities. The discovery of beads was part of the Indonesian cultural revolution because of their important function and quality so they are still produced and used from the past until now. The aim of this service is to improve the quality of human resources and increase the existence of MSMEs through bead craft training, namely making cellphone straps, bracelets and key chains. The methods used are coordination, training, mentoring, follow-up planning and reflection. The process of implementing this work program is gradual, continuous and ongoing. The results of the bead craft training activities had a positive impact in that all residents who regularly took part in the training succeeded in practicing it independently, so that creativity and innovation in producing contemporary products could be realized. The results of the interviews at the reflection stage showed that all participants who initially could not make bead crafts, after going through training were 100% able to make the bead products they were interested in. So this bead craft training is highly recommended as an increase in creativity.

This study examines and analyzes the effect of Shopping Lifestyle, Fashion Involvement, and Discount Prices simultaneously and partially on Impulse Buying in the Zalora Marketplace. And knowing which variables are most dominant in influencing impulse buying. The research approach used in this research is quantitative research. The criteria for selecting the sample in this study were those aged 17 and over who had used and made purchases through the Zalora Marketplace, and had routinely purchased products for the last 6 months through the Zalora Marketplace and were located in the Jabodetabek area. Questionnaires collected as many as 150 respondents, the data is then processed using multiple linear regression method. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the variables Shopping Lifestyle, Fashion Involvement and Discount Price simultaneously have a positive effect on Impulse Buying on the Zalora Marketplace. Partially, the Shopping Lifestyle and Fashion Involvement variables have a positive effect on Impulse Buying. But the Discount Price variable has no effect on impulse buying. Furthermore, the results show that the Shopping Lifestyle variable is the most dominant variable affecting Impulse Buying.

Abstract. From the perspective of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), fluctuations in raw material prices are highly concerning as they can significantly impact business stability. While MSMEs may tolerate price fluctuations to some extent, from an industrial engineering perspective, such a passive approach contradicts the principles of continuous improvement. This study seeks to predict the price of large red chili peppers using five regression models implemented through Orange Data Mining: Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), and Gradient Boosting. Due to the limited availability of daily data, particularly within a daily timeframe, the study utilized weekly data spanning three years. The results of the Test and Score evaluation shows Gradient Boosting as the best-performing model, achieving a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.7%. However, the MAPE for predictions in January 2025 increased to 15.8%. This error is expected to decrease as more weekly data becomes available to mitigate the inaccuracies inherent in this model. Keywords: prediction, red chilli, regression, supervised learning , orange data mining. Abstrak. Dalam perspektif UMKM, fluktuasi harga bahan baku adalah suatu hal yang paling ditakuti karena berakibat pada ketahanan usaha yang menjadi tidak menentu. Pada suatu kondisi, fluktuasi harga dapat diterima para UMKM, namun dalam perspektif teknik industri, sikap UMKM tersebut tidak sesuai prinsip continuous improvement. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk memprediksi harga cabai merah besar dengan menggunakan 5 model regresi dibantu Orange Data Mining. Yaitu Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine, Tree, kNN, Gradient Boosting. Data yang diperlukan sebagian besar tidak tersedia, khususnya dalam kerangka waktu harian sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan data mingguan selama 3 tahun. Hasil Test and Score menunjukkan model Gradient Boost terpilih menjadi model terbaik dengan tingkat MAPE 0.7% namun MAPE pada tahap Prediction di bulan Januari 2025 menjadi 15.8%. Error tersebut akan berkurang ketika data mingguan sudah cukup banyak untuk menambal kesalahan yang dihasilkan model ini Kata kunci: prediksi, cabai merah, regression, supervised learning , orange data mining.

Production planning is one of the most important factors in improving business continuity. The preparation of production planning is related to the optimization of production for a particular business so that the business can operate efficiently and production activities achieve competitive prices. The preparation of production planning must consider several factors because every business has different goals that it wants to achieve. The Goal Programming method aims to minimize deviations from the targets set by the business, so that business goals can be achieved optimally. This research aims to optimize production in a company that can accomplish more than one goal.  The method used in this study is Systematic Literature Review (SLR), and this study identifies 5 previous journals. The source of information used in this study is articles from national journals published between 2018-2024. The results of this study show that Goal Programming is a very effective tool in production and distribution planning in various industrial sectors.

Apple has successfully transformed into one of the leading technology brands in Indonesia, despite facing the challenges of a highly competitive market and relatively high product prices. Apple has successfully become one of the leading technology brands in Indonesia, despite the relatively high price of its products. This study aims to identify the factors that support Apple's success in building a strong brand image and gaining a dominant position in the Indonesian market. The results show that the marketing strategy is effective. Despite the high prices, Apple managed to create an image as a symbol of social status, which drives loyalty and desire to own Apple products in Indonesia. This research provides insights into how Apple manages its branding and marketing strategies to stay relevant and maintain its market share in Indonesia.

The fluctuation of fuel prices (BBM) significantly impacts the national economy and public purchasing power. This study examines the dynamic relationship between fuel price adjustments, economic growth, inflation, and the socioeconomic conditions of society. The findings reveal that an increase in fuel prices often triggers a domino effect, including rising transportation and production costs, ultimately affecting consumer prices and reducing purchasing power. Conversely, the decline in fuel prices provides a short-term boost to public spending but may challenge government revenue if fuel subsidies increase. Policy recommendations include balancing fuel price adjustments with measures to protect vulnerable groups and maintain economic stability.

Economic growth is a critical aspect of economic policy in any country or economic system. According to data from Indonesia's Central Statistics Agency, the country's economic growth has fluctuated over the years. Factors influencing a nation's economic growth include export activities and inflation. The oil and gas (O&G) industry plays a strategic role in supporting national economic growth by contributing to Gross Domestic Product (GDP), state revenue, and job creation. This study aims to analyze the impact of the O&G industry on the national economy and provide perspectives on future challenges and opportunities. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, secondary data such as government financial reports, industry statistics, and policy analyses were utilized to assess the sector's contributions across various economic dimensions. The findings indicate that the O&G sector remains one of the primary sources of state revenue, despite significant challenges posed by declining reserves and volatile global oil prices. On the other hand, energy diversification and technological development present opportunities to enhance efficiency and sustainability in this sector.