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Receiving care from parents is a child's right. However, the absence of parents in a child's life means that a child does not receive care from his parents. The absence of parents is a condition where the whereabouts of the child's parents are unknown or other conditions which prevent the child from getting his right to be cared for. However, this can be overcome by providing alternative care. Alternative care is care that is carried out based on a substitute family or Child Welfare Institution. Service activity method with structured lectures and guidance. The results were that participants were very enthusiastic in participating in service activities by STIKes Mitra Husada Medan lecturers regarding parenting styles for parents in educating their children at home. So that insight and knowledge increase. The following are community service activities, especially parents, starting from providing material by the Lecturer Team headed by Indra Agussamad, S.Kep, M.Kes and members Lisdayanti Simanjuntak, Ingka Kristina and 2 students.

Parenting education is usually provided by formal and non-formal educational institutions with different target focuses, types and methods of delivering parenting education. The sample in this study was the parents, guardians of students from TK/KB Al-Huda Batu Melnggang, Hinai District, totaling 60 respondents. The data collection techniques used in this research were questionnaires, observation and documentation. For data analysis techniques using a simple linear regression method was used to analyze the data assisted by the SPSS 26 program. The results of the research were that based on hypothesis testing from the calculated t value of the perceived usefulness variable (X1) of 9,023 < 1,670 with a significance value of 0.000. Because the calculated t value is greater than the t table and the significance value is smaller than the required 0.05, it can be concluded that the Parenting Education variable has a significant effect on the satisfaction variable for Increasing Early Childhood Development in Kindergarten. So, it can be concluded that the Parenting Education variable has an influence on increasing early childhood development in kindergarten.

Parents' involvement in the social environment has an important impact on the parenting of children with special needs. Parents who have a good relationship with their social environment can accelerate their child's development by providing support and assistance in developing the abilities and skills needed. The method involves a series of systematic steps through a literature study approach. The fact that children have various special needs should not be used as an excuse to avoid or neglect them. Instead, we need to raise awareness so that children can appreciate individual diversity and give attention to children with special needs. The way parents interact with their children can have an impact on their social and emotional development. Wrong parenting can lead to wrong attitudes in children and vice versa.

Fatherless is a phenomenon which is define as the absence of the father’s role in parenting both physically and psychologically. In married life, disputes and conflicts cannot be avoided so they require trust and commitment to each other. Disputes in family life can have positive impacts, one of which is adjustment to the household environment. However, it cannot be denied that disputes can also threaten the continuity of a marriage, such as divorce. In cases of divorce, fatherless can also appear in children who are victims of divorce. Divorce results in them not being able to feel their father’s presence and his role in accompanying their growth and development. The aim of this research is to describe the fatherless phenomenon and provide an analysis of the fatherless phenomenon regarding family relationships. The research method in this article is to use a descriptive method using literature study data collection techniques. The results of the research show that the phenomenon of fatherlessness can be the cause of parents divorcing, which is due to the lack of the father’s presence in the family so that children experience an absence of figures which can cause conflict in the household and lead to divorce. However, children can also experience fatherlessness after the divorce of their parents, which is due to the lack of time for communication between the child and his father, which indicates the absence of a father figure

Background: Parenting relationships in the family have a very influential role in improving and changing children's behavior, especially in the level of self-disclosure. Another factor that causes or influences self-disclosure on students is the school environment. A good school environment can make children's behavior open. Likewise, if the school environment is not good, it will have an impact on the child's own behavior and make children less open. Purpose: to find out whether there is a relationship between parenting styles and the school environment with self-disclosure to students at MTS Al-Ikhlas Sukaluyu Cianjur. Type of research: This research is a quantitative study with a sample of 77 students in grades 7, 8 and 9 students of MTS Al-Ikhlas Sukaluyu who were made research respondents. The sampling technique is: simple random sampling and the design used in this study is a correlation with a cross-sectional approach. Results: Found the results of univariate analysis of parenting parents with a good category of 51 (67.1%) and school environment with a good category of 51 (67.1%), self-disclosure in students with a good category of 45 (59.2%) %). The results of multivariate analysis on parenting parents obtained a sign value. 0.782 > 0.05 and a correlation value of 0.32 means that there is no relationship between parenting style and self-disclosure. Then for the school environment and self-disclosure there is a Sign value. 0.052 > 0.05 and a correlation value of 0.224 means that there is no relationship between the school environment and self-disclosure.

Stunting is the impaired growth and development of children due to long-term malnutrition. Stunting can be caused by malnutrition experienced by the mother during pregnancy, or the child during their growth period. Stunting is a condition when children experience physical and cognitive growth delays, which can have a negative impact on their health and future. In the Islamic view, the prevention of stunting is an important task that Muslim societies should take on, in line with Allah's command not to be a weak people. Islam teaches to take good care of children and pay special attention to their growth and development. The relationship between stunting prevention and parenting in Islamic fiqh is an important aspect in ensuring the health and well-being of children, especially in the early years of life. Stunting, defined as a condition of stunted growth and development due to malnutrition, is a globally significant public health problem. Parenting in fiqh based on Islamic principles emphasizes the importance of proper nutrition and care of children to prevent stunting. The type of research used in this journal is quantitative research where this research is based on the philosophy of positivism, which is a philosophical teaching that views reality, symptoms, phenomena as classifiable, relatively fixed, concrete, observable, measurable, and relationships. This research was conducted in Tanjung Seneng sub-district, Kec. South Kotabumi, North Lampung Regency, Lampung, with a population of 85% and a sample size of 70%. Data collection was carried out by filling out the Millennial Parenting Style questionnaire and the Early Detection questionnaire in preventing stunting in toddlers.

Parents have an obligation to guide, protect and raise their children. So that the role of parents is the main basis in improving social functioning, especially for children with visual disabilities. Children with visual disabilities have unique challenges in improving their social functioning. This research explains three types of parenting, namely, authoritarian, democratic and permissive. So if parents choose the wrong parenting style, it will have an impact on the development process, from this parenting style that helps children with visual disabilities can overcome obstacles and improve strong skills because the role of parents is key in helping their children overcome life's challenges so that they can develop optimally. This study aims to determine the parenting patterns applied by parents to children with visual disabilities, to determine the parenting patterns applied to improve the social functioning of children with visual disabilities, and to determine and improve the social functioning of children with visual disabilities.

The high divorce rate in Jember is a major problem in the biological and psychological development of a child. In this case the author wants to explore the parenting patterns of divorced families, both those who still maintain good communication between the three (husband-child-wife) and vice versa. There are several parenting patterns that parents can use. The author wants to try to know and describe the parenting patterns of single parents in an effort to shape children's behavior. The results of this study are presented descriptively through a qualitative approach in order to obtain clear information about the focus of the problem. The results of this study can be concluded, namely first, democratic parenting is the parenting of parents who interact with their children using how to provide freedom with supervision and second, permissive parenting is a parenting pattern where parental attention is valued less towards children or children always get whatever they want without control and limits  

Parenting plays a significant role in shaping a child's personality. The issue of parenting arises due to the lack of parental attention towards their children, often because parents are preoccupied with work. This phenomenon is observed at SD Negeri 1 Bukit Tunggal in Palangka Raya, where there is a lack of social interaction among peers, as seen from children's behavior, such as preferring to be alone, having poor communication with peers, and lacking empathy, which results in low sensitivity to their social environment. This study aims to examine the relationship between parenting styles and peer social interaction among Grade VA students. Method: The research design used was a correlation study with a cross-sectional method, aimed at identifying the correlational relationship between two variables. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires and the Spearman Rank statistical test, administered to 36 students in Grade VA. Results: The significance value of the relationship between parenting styles and social interaction at SDN 1 Bukit Tunggal was 0.548 > 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis H1 was rejected, indicating that there is no relationship between parenting styles and peer social interaction among Grade VA students at SDN 1 Bukit Tunggal, Palangka Raya. Conclusion: There is no relationship between parenting styles and peer interaction in the process of shaping children's personalities, based on the research results.

Christian parents frequently negotiate intensive caregiving expectations, moral responsibility, economic pressure, and ecclesial ideals of faithful family life. These demands may produce emotional exhaustion that resembles parental burnout but is often interpreted only as spiritual weakness or lack of discipline. This constructive study aims to formulate a restorative-integrative model of pastoral counseling for Christian parents who experience emotional exhaustion in childrearing. The method is a qualitative literature study using integrative narrative synthesis of peer-reviewed studies on parental burnout, religious coping, family support, and Christian pastoral counseling. The analysis identifies four central findings: emotional exhaustion is the core symptom that drives distancing and reduced parental efficacy; burnout emerges from an imbalance between risks and resources; spiritual narratives can function either as resources or as sources of guilt; and pastoral counseling is most constructive when it combines empathic presence, theological reframing, emotion regulation, communal support, and referral ethics. The study implies that churches need pastoral systems that normalize help-seeking, protect parents from moralistic judgment, and connect spiritual care with psychologically informed intervention.

WHO 2021 reports that more than 300 million children under 5 years of age do not fulfill their development potential and most of them are children living on the Asian and African continents. Data from Hermina Hospital, the prevalence of Speech Delay in 2023 is 150 cases. In one day of research, 15 respondents were obtained. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between parenting patterns and parental knowledge and speech delay in preschool-aged children at Hermina Hospital. Padang.This type of research uses quantitative methods with a cross sectional analytical design. The research was conducted in March – August 2023 at Hermina Padang Hospital. The research population was all mothers who had preschool children aged 3-5 years at Hermina Padang Hospital. The sampling technique was Accedental Sampling. Data collection used primary and secondary data. Univariate analysis used descriptive statistical tests and Bivariate analysis used the chi square test.The results of this research are based on the results of the Chi square test (α= 0.005) showing that there is no significant relationship between Parenting Patterns (p-value = 0.188) and there is a significant relationship between Parental Knowledge (p-value 0.032) and Speech Delay.It was concluded that there was still a lack of maternal knowledge about the importance of parenting styles and parental knowledge in children's growth and development. It is hoped that from the results of this research, parents can pay more attention to children's growth and development and that health workers can serve as a reference for improving services in reducing the incidence of speech delays.

Toilet training is a major problem during the growth and development of children aged 3 to 6 years in preschool. This can be influenced by the form of parental parenting with various series of procedures carried out to look after, care for and educate children consistently which can be realized in the form of interactions between parents and their children. There is a phenomenon that often occurs, namely that there are still many preschool children who fail in implementing toilet training because the success of toilet training cannot be separated from the role of appropriate and good parenting, so children will be more independent and successful in toilet training more quickly. Objective: to be able to see the relationship between parenting patterns and the success rate of toilet training in preschool-aged children in Mangsang Village. Method: This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross sectional approach with sampling carried out using total sampling. The instrument used in this research was a questionnaire with 48 parents as respondents. Results: It is known using the chi-square statistical test where the p value is 0.000 <0.05, which means Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between parenting styles and the success rate of toilet training in preschool-aged children in Mangsang Village.

Coping mechanisms are ways that individuals solve problems, resolve themselves with changes that occur and respond to problems and threatening situations. Factors that influence coping mechanisms are parenting in the family which plays an important role in the formation of personality in children, in addition to parenting, family communication is influenced by the way parents interact with children Purpose: To determine the relationship between parenting patterns and family communication with coping mechanisms in dealing with bullying in adolescents at SMP PGRI 3 Bogor. Method: The study used a quantitative design and used a descriptive correlation method with a cross sectional approach, the sampling technique used was random sampling, with a total sample of 88 respondents. Data analysis of this study using the Spearman Rank Test Research Results: There is a relationship between parenting patterns and coping mechanisms in dealing with bullying in adolescents at SMP PGRI 3 Bogor which is shown from the p value (Value) 0.003 with the relationship between the two variables shown at a value of 0.318, there is a relationship between family communication and coping mechanisms in dealing with bullying in adolescents at SMP PGRI 3 Bogor which is shown from the p value (Value) 0.000 with the relationship between the two variables shown at a value of 0.524. Conclusion: This study shows that there is a relationship between parenting and family communication with coping mechanisms in dealing with bullying in adolescents at SMP PGRI 3 Bogor in 2023.

A thesis is an important element in the higher education process, which is also proof of a student's integrity in applying the knowledge gained during their studies. However, the process of preparing a thesis is often faced with various problems, especially by final year students who experience high levels of anxiety. Independence is an attitude of being able to stand alone without depending on the people around him, especially parents, being able to choose and determine his own choices according to what he wants.The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between parenting styles, environment and education on children's independence at SDN Lanbau 01. The research method used by researchers is a correlational analytical research method with a cross sectional design. The data collection method involves using the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) questionnaire to determine parental parenting patterns, environmental modification questionnaire, education level questionnaire, Parenting Style and Dimension Question (PSDQ). The results of this research obtained a P-value of 0.010, which means sig 0.010 0.05, so there is a correlation or relationship between parenting patterns and independence. Independence. If the P-value is 0.000, which means the sig value is 0.000 0.05, then there is a correlation or relationship between education and children's independence at SDN Lanbau 01. Based on the results of the analysis, parenting patterns, environment and education are related to children's independence at SDN Lanbau 01

accordance with their age. While the stunting data at Tarempa Health Center is 58 cases. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the Tarempa Health Center Working Area, Siantan District, Riau Islands. Anambas Islands Riau Islands. Design The research design used the Case Control method. The population in this study were all toddlers who experience stunting in the Tarempa Health Center Working Area, which is as many as 58 people. The sample in this study were toddlers who experienced stunting 58 people and 58 people were not stunted with the maching technique with a ratio of 1: 1. Analysis Data analysis used univariate analysis, bivariate with chi-square test and multivariate with logistic regression. The results of logistic regression research show that there is an influence of parenting patterns p = 0.017, exclusive breastfeeding history p = 0.000 and history of infectious diseases p = 0.005. While the dominant factor influencing the incidence of stunting in toddlers is the history of exclusive breastfeeding p = 0.003 <0.05, with Exp (B) = 11.041 and 95% CI = 3,610-33,768. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of parenting, exclusive breastfeeding history and history of infectious diseases, which does not affect knowledge, attitudes, feeding patterns and immunization status. The dominant factor, namely exclusive breastfeeding history, influences the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the Tarempa Health Center Working Area, Siantan District, Anambas Islands Regency, Riau Islands. It is suggested that the Tarempa Health Center can create interesting education for mothers, such as conducting workshops/ demonstrations on how to provide good and correct and nutritious food for their children, as well as how to process diverse and nutritious foods so that children get good nutritional intake.

This study aims to explore the influence of the social environment on the communication patterns of adolescents in urban areas. A qualitative approach is used to understand how factors such as family, peers, school environment, social media, local culture, socioeconomic status, globalization, and physical environment influence the way adolescents communicate. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, focus group discussions and case studies. The respondents in this study were 100 respondents from teenagers in Bandung city.The results showed that family has a central role in shaping adolescents' communication skills, with supportive parenting increasing openness and communication effectiveness. Peers also have a significant influence, where adolescents adjust their communication style to gain social acceptance. School environments that support open and participatory communication have been shown to improve adolescents' communication skills, while the use of social media and modern technology changes the mode and frequency of communication, although sometimes reducing face-to-face interactions.Local culture and urbanization introduce adolescents to more modern and dynamic communication styles, while socioeconomic status affects access to education and technology, which in turn affects communication skills. Globalization and exposure to foreign cultures broaden adolescents' communication horizons, allowing interaction with various groups. Finally, the urban physical environment, including public facilities and population density, affects adolescents' interaction and communication patterns.  The findings provide implications for policies and interventions aimed at improving adolescents' communication skills through a holistic approach involving family, school, community, and management of social media use.

This research aims to find out the parents' strategies in educating and developing children from early childhood to adulthood and the role of parents in balancing work and family or work life balance in daily life. The results of this study indicate that parents have several obstacles and factors in implementing the concept of work life balance, but have one strategy, namely authoritative parenting. Patterns that are combined between Authoritarian Parenting and Pessimistic Parenting. This can be seen from the 2 dimensions given, namely the Control and Warmth Dimensions, this process must also be carried out consistently and responsibly so that it is well implemented. The research uses qualitative methods with descriptive research types. With secondary data sources through national and international journal articles and using other sources such as online media, social media (youtube, instagram, facebook, and twitter). From the results mentioned, it can be concluded that work and personal life as well as the role of parents in educating children are the most important things in order to create a golden generation, where generations are able to provide polite attitudes, carry out responsibilities for work and personal life, and the most important thing is that children are able to become people who carry out all their activities in the social environment properly

Neuroparenting is a neuroscience-based parenting approach that emphasizes the importance of stimulating children's brain development through warm communication, play, and emotional parental involvement. This study aims to describe the implementation of Neuroparenting in stimulating early childhood intelligence through positive interactions at home. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The subjects were parents of children aged 4–6 years. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the application of Neuroparenting through warm communication, playing together, reading stories, providing positive affirmations, and involving children in daily activities can help the development of language, cognitive, social-emotional, creativity, and self-confidence. Children who receive positive stimulation consistently appear more active in speaking, easily express opinions, and are better able to interact with their surroundings. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that Neuroparenting through positive interactions at home is an effective parenting approach in supporting the optimal development of early childhood intelligence.

Adolescence is a period of searching for identity and any information, including pornography. Data states that premarital sexual behavior starts from adolescence in middle and high school. This happens, among other things, due to peers and parenting patterns. Parenting patterns and lack of discipline are associated with increased risky sexual behavior. analyzing parental parenting patterns and premarital sexual behavior in adolescents. The research design used was a Systematic Review. Journal search via Google Scholar, Researchgate, ScienceDirect databases. The inclusion criteria were determined, namely a maximum publication time span of 5 years (2017-2023), non-experimental correlation descriptive study with cross sectional, the languages used are Indonesian and English, original type of research article, full text. The results of a review of 10 articles that have been reviewed state that parenting patterns, peers & acceptance of information influence premarital sexual behavior of teenagers. Based on the results of a review of 10 journals, it is stated that teenagers with democratic parenting patterns have good sexual behavior or are not at risk and there are 7 journals stating that there are There is a significant relationship between parental parenting patterns and premarital sexual behavior among teenagers and there are 3 journals which state that premarital sexual behavior among teenagers is influenced by peers and receipt of information.

Humans are social creatures, they will always have social contact and communication. Gadgets are one of the most advanced communication tools available today. The use of gadgets by Indonesian youth has been increasing every year, reaching 38% in 2011, 72% in 2015, and again increasing 80% in 2015. Children use gadgets to play at least once a week, and some use them several times a week. As they get older and enter puberty, they use gadgets more frequently. Children aged between 10 and 14 years old will use their gadgets more often each week-from 8 to 15 hours. The method in this study is quantitative with observational correlation with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were 86 students of TK Negeri Pembina Ranomeeto. The sample in this study were 70 students. The sampling technique in this study was using random sampling technique with data collection method using questionnaire. The findings of this investigation show that there is a relationship between parenting (0.018) and parental supervision (0.036) with gadget addiction in early childhood, and there is no relationship between the duration of gadget use (0.108) with gadget addiction in early childhood at TK Negeri Pembina Ranomeeto Year 2023. Children can easily get addicted to gadgets because they are still too young to make decisions.