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This Community Service (PKM) activity was carried out by lecturers and students with the aim of increasing public awareness in environmental management through understanding and implementing relevant Regional Regulations (PERDA) that apply in Sepatan Village, namely Tangerang Regency PERDA number 1 of 2023. The main problem faced was the low level of community participation in preserving the environment, caused by a lack of understanding of the regulations and minimal outreach regarding the legal consequences and collective benefits of complying with PERDA. The activity implementation methods included outreach, group discussions, and direct community mentoring. Outreach aimed to provide an understanding of the contents of PERDA on the environment, while group discussions encouraged interaction and the exchange of experiences among residents in implementing these regulations. The mentoring focused on simple practices, such as household waste management, reforestation, and reducing the use of single-use plastics. The results of the activity demonstrated increased public knowledge of environmental laws and a growing collective awareness to play an active role in maintaining environmental cleanliness and sustainability. Furthermore, this activity also fostered a shared commitment to supporting the sustainable implementation of PERDA. Thus, this PKM emphasizes that regional regulations (PERDA) can function as an effective educational and regulatory instrument to build public awareness and participation in environmental management.

The cosmetic and household goods industry in Indonesia continues to experience growth in line with increasing consumer demand and lifestyle changes. This sector plays an important role in supporting the national economy, but it is also vulnerable to fluctuations in market dynamics, global competition, and external challenges that may affect companies’ financial performance. The performance of these companies can be assessed through financial indicators, particularly profitability and solvency, which are often linked to firm value. This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability and solvency on firm value in the cosmetic and household goods subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2019–2023. The research population consists of 11 companies, with 6 companies selected as the sample using purposive sampling techniques based on specific criteria. The data used are secondary data derived from financial statements obtained from the official IDX website (www.idx.co.id). The analytical method applied is quantitative with several statistical tests, including classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-test, and F-test, assisted by SPSS version 22. The research findings indicate that profitability, proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), has a positive and significant partial effect on firm value (t-value 3.132 > t-table 2.04841). Solvency, proxied by the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), also shows a positive and significant partial effect on firm value (t-value 5.810 > t-table 2.04841). Moreover, both profitability and solvency simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on firm value (F-value 86.997 > F-table 3.35). These results suggest that maintaining profitability and managing solvency effectively are key strategies for companies in enhancing firm value in a competitive market environment.

Household organic waste production in Thekelan Hamlet has increased along with population density and agricultural activities, potentially having negative impacts on the environment and health. However, this waste actually has the potential to be processed into environmentally friendly products with economic value, one of which is eco-enzymes. This community service activity aims to increase community awareness and skills in processing organic waste into eco-enzymes through a participatory approach, technical training, and live demonstrations. The main partners in this activity are housewives and village environmental cadres, who are the main targets for introducing organic waste processing techniques. During the implementation, participants were trained on the benefits and how to produce eco-enzymes independently. This activity not only provided an understanding of the eco-enzyme production process but also motivated participants to produce eco-enzymes independently at home. The results of this activity showed a significant increase in understanding of the benefits of eco-enzymes as an environmentally friendly product, which can be used as a natural cleaner and organic fertilizer. In addition, participants also began to demonstrate the initiative to produce eco-enzymes independently, which has the potential to reduce household organic waste and increase economic value through the utilization of this product. The findings from this activity demonstrate that community-based waste management can not only be an environmentally friendly solution but also has high economic value. This empowerment model can serve as a sustainable model and be implemented in other areas, providing extensive benefits to the environment and the local economy. Furthermore, this activity introduced the concept of sustainable waste management to the community, providing them not only with new knowledge about organic waste processing but also with the opportunity to apply these techniques in their daily lives.

Banana pseudostems are an abundant agricultural by-product that has been largely underutilized. In fact, banana pseudostems contain various nutrients such as vitamins A, B, and C, dietary fiber, and tannins, which offer potential health benefits. This study aims to explore the process of transforming banana pseudostems into an innovative food product in the form of chips, while also examining their potential benefits for health, economy, and the environment. The research was conducted through a one-month community assistance program in Kebonagung Hamlet, consisting of several stages: initial observation to identify potentials and challenges, socialization activities to raise awareness of banana pseudostem utilization, training in processing techniques for making banana pseudostem chips, and product packaging. The results of the observation indicated that the community initially had no knowledge of banana pseudostems as an alternative food source. However, through socialization and training, residents gained awareness of the added value of this agricultural waste and were able to apply simple and hygienic processing methods. The resulting banana pseudostem chips demonstrated a unique flavor, crunchy texture, and good nutritional value, making them a promising healthy snack. From an economic perspective, this innovation can open up new entrepreneurial opportunities, improve household income, and expand the diversification of local food products. Environmentally, utilizing banana pseudostems for value-added products helps reduce organic waste that would otherwise go unused. Thus, the innovation of processing banana pseudostems into chips contributes not only to improving community health and welfare but also supports sustainable development through productive use of agricultural waste.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) leakage remains one of the leading causes of fires in both household and industrial environments, highlighting the urgent need for early detection systems that provide fast and accurate warnings. This study aims to design and implement an LPG leakage detection device based on the ESP8266 microcontroller, utilizing the MQ-6 gas sensor and a real-time notification system through Telegram Bot integration. The system operates by reading LPG gas concentration via the MQ-6 sensor, which is then processed by the ESP8266 to automatically activate a buzzer alarm and a DC fan when gas levels exceed the threshold of 200 ppm. Additionally, the system sends instant alert notifications to the user through the Telegram application, allowing remote monitoring of gas conditions. Real-time gas concentration data are also displayed using a 16x2 LCD for direct visualization. System testing was carried out through controlled gas leakage simulations, and the results showed that the device is capable of responding rapidly, with a reaction time of less than 2 seconds after detection, while consistently providing accurate warnings. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology significantly enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of the system, enabling practical and accessible monitoring. Overall, the developed device demonstrates strong potential as an innovative solution to improve safety, minimize fire risks, and raise public awareness regarding the hazards of LPG leakage, making it suitable for practical application in households and small industries.

Plastic waste continues to be one of the most pressing environmental problems due to its persistence, excessive use in daily life, and difficulty in decomposition. In many communities, including Tanjung Uban Selatan Village, unmanaged plastic waste accumulates in the environment, contributing to pollution and health risks. This community service activity aims to introduce and implement ecobricks as a simple yet effective solution to manage plastic waste. Ecobricks are not designed to destroy plastic but to recycle and repurpose it into useful and even marketable products. The process of making ecobricks requires no special expertise or significant costs, as the primary material is household plastic waste. The activity involved socialization, practical workshops, and guidance for residents on how to properly produce ecobricks. Results from the program show that residents were able to collect and process previously unmanaged plastic waste into solid, reusable building blocks. These ecobricks have potential applications for creating furniture, decorative items, and even small-scale construction, thereby providing both environmental and economic value. Beyond reducing plastic waste, the initiative also fosters community awareness about sustainable waste management practices and promotes environmental responsibility. In conclusion, the introduction of ecobricks in Tanjung Uban Selatan Village demonstrates that simple innovations can empower communities to transform environmental challenges into opportunities for sustainability and income generation.

This community service program aims to foster environmental awareness in students by training them to grow vegetables using egg shell waste. The activity was carried out at TPQ Sabilil Mustaqim, Metro City, as a response to the low ecological awareness among children and the underutilization of household organic waste. The method used includes initial observation, education based on Islamic values, and hands-on practice of planting vegetables using egg shells as media. The results show an improvement in students' understanding of the importance of environmental conservation, a positive attitude change such as avoiding littering, and the formation of a “Santri Planting Corner” as a sustainable ecological learning space. Additionally, this program successfully integrates Islamic values with environmental literacy through a simple yet effective practical approach. This approach not only builds ecological awareness in children from an early age but also offers a model that can be replicated in other religious educational institutions. The training has proven effective in connecting character education, environmental conservation, and community empowerment based on TPQ, contributing to the creation of a generation that is both environmentally conscious and morally upright.

The agricultural sector plays a vital role in supporting Indonesia's economy, particularly in food provision and increasing rural household income. One of the promising horticultural commodities is California papaya (Carica papaya L.), known for its high productivity and short harvesting cycle. This crop is favored by farmers due to its stable market demand. However, to ensure the financial feasibility of this farming enterprise, a comprehensive financial analysis is necessary. This study aims to analyze the revenue, production costs, income, and financial feasibility of California papaya farming in Hinai Subdistrict, Langkat Regency. The research employed a descriptive quantitative method through a survey approach, with a purposive sample of 34 farmers. Data were analyzed using a farm income analysis approach, including the calculation of fixed costs, variable costs, total revenue, net income, and the Revenue/Cost (R/C) ratio. The results showed that the total production cost was IDR 590.734.000, while the total revenue reached IDR 1.970.685.000. The net income obtained by farmers amounted to IDR 1.379.951.000, with an average income of IDR 40.586.794 per farmer. The R/C ratio was calculated at 3.33, meaning that every IDR 1 spent on production costs generated IDR 3.33  in revenue. California papaya farming in Hinai Subdistrict is financially feasible, provides significant profit, and has strong potential to be further developed as a primary income source for horticultural farmers.

The KKN Program of Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya for the 2024–2025 period in Kajeksan Village, Sidoarjo Regency, focuses on the issue of family food security by implementing a mixed farming system based on the use of used goods. This service method uses Participatory Action Research (PAR) through the stages of to know (identifying problems), to understand (socialization of concepts), to plan (design a system from gallons of mineral water), to act (training and assistance in making hydroponics-aquaponic systems, making fish feed from household waste, and natural vitamins), and to change (evaluation and sustainability). As a result, there is an improvement in community skills with the realization of catfish harvest along with optimal kale growth, opening household business opportunities, and creating a sustainable empowerment model through appropriate technology transfer.

Before entering marriage, a person will generally choose a partner who meets their criteria. Choosing a partner is not something to be done carelessly, as this decision has a significant impact on the journey of the household and the harmony of the relationship in the future. Factors influencing partner selection can be very diverse, ranging from personal values, social environment, to the influence of developments in the times and mass media. One popular cultural phenomenon that also influences is K-Pop. For some people, a deep interest in K-Pop idols or artists can form certain standards or criteria in choosing a life partner. This study aims to determine the influence of idol worship on partner selection preferences among early adult female K-Popers in West Sumatra. The study subjects were 120 people selected using a snowball sampling technique. The study used a quantitative method, with instruments in the form of an idol worship scale and a partner selection preference scale compiled by researchers based on the dimensions of idol worship by Cheung and Yue (2018) and aspects of partner selection preferences by Townsend and Roberts (1993). The results of a simple linear regression analysis indicate that, in general, idol worship has no significant effect on partner choice preferences (sig = 0.405 > 0.05). However, when examined by dimension, attachment (sig = 0.002 < 0.05) and idealization (sig = 0.001 < 0.05) significantly influence partner choice preferences. This finding indicates that emotional aspects and idealization of idols can shape the criteria or ideal image of a desired partner, although idol worship does not have a direct effect overall.

This study aims to examine the perspective of the millennial generation on marriage in Dolat Rayat Village, Dolat Rayat District, Karo Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, involving six informants consisting of millennials who have experienced divorce. The results of the study indicate that the millennial generation views marriage as a union of two individuals with the aim of obtaining affection, attention, and support and forming a harmonious family. However, there are several factors that cause conflict in marriage, including lack of effective communication, interference from third parties such as in-laws or other relatives, and economic problems. In addition, roles and responsibilities in the household are often still one-sided. The greatest source of happiness in marriage is centered on the mutually supportive relationship of the couple, and the presence of children is also considered important. Although some informants acknowledge the benefits of premarital counseling, its implementation is still limited and is not always applied in overcoming problems such as egoism and family interference. The conclusion of this study shows that there are differences in perspective according to the millennial generation on marriage with marriage based on the Bible, where the glory of God should be the main goal of marriage, not happiness. This study suggests improving communication, limiting third-party interference, clear division of responsibilities, premarital counseling, and focusing on economic independence as an effort to strengthen marriages among the millennial generation.

The UNS Community Service Program (KKN) Batch 68 was conducted from July to August 2025 in Jaten Village, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. This program focused on educating the community about the utilization of organic waste, particularly dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) peel, which is generally underutilized. Dragon fruit peel has the potential to be developed into functional food products as it contains fiber, vitamins, and pectin. Through the “Dragon Fruit Peel Waste Management into Sauce” workshop, participants were provided with knowledge and skills to process organic waste into value-added products while supporting household food security. The implementation methods included counseling, demonstrations, and hands-on practice. The results showed an increase in community understanding of food waste management, improved skills in processing dragon fruit peel into sauce, and the establishment of communication networks among village cadres for program sustainability. This innovation also holds potential to be developed into micro-enterprises in the healthy food sector.

One approach the government employs to decorate public welfare, mainly among low-income families, is through social help initiatives. however, the subjectivity inside the choice process regularly ends in mistargeting all through implementation. This observe objectives to apply the ok-Nearest Neighbor (ok-NN) and Naive Bayes algorithms inside a decision support device to perceive eligible recipients based on community statistics. The ok-NN algorithm determines similarity by calculating the Euclidean distance among new and current facts, whilst the Naive Bayes set of rules utilizes a probabilistic method based at the likelihood of attribute incidence inside each elegance. Key criteria considered consist of household income, employment kind, number of dependents, housing conditions, and asset possession. Experimental consequences reveal that each algorithms are powerful in as it should be classifying eligibility for help, with k-NN barely outperforming Naive Bayes. therefore, the combination of these algorithms can support stakeholders in making extra goal and efficient selections regarding the distribution of social useful resource.

Ineffective management of household waste in rural areas, such as Aek Korsik Village, Aek Ledong District, Asahan Regency, causes air pollution due to traditional waste burning practices. This research aims to design and implement an environmentally friendly low-smoke waste incinerator as an alternative solution based on simple technology and local resources. The research methods used are technological engineering approaches and field studies, including tool design, trials, and environmental and social impact evaluation. The furnace is designed using heat-resistant local materials and mild steel, features a dual ventilation system and a smoke exhaust system with a simple filter, and has a combustion capacity of 5 kilograms per cycle. Preliminary studies show that the composition of waste is dominated by organic matter (60%), plastic and paper (30%), as well as the rest are inorganic. Testing over several weeks showed that an average burn time of 1.5 hours was able to reduce smoke emissions by up to 60% compared to conventional methods. The air quality around the test site has improved significantly, and the community has responded positively to the ease of use and environmental benefits of the furnace. This study concludes that low-smoke combustion furnaces are effective as environmentally friendly waste management solutions in villages, with recommendations for increasing combustion capacity and integrating other waste management methods to support sustainability and environmental preservation.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The high risk of dengue transmission is greatly influenced by the density of mosquito larvae which correlates with environmental conditions and community behavior. This study aims to describe the density level of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae in the working area of the Gandus Health Center in Palembang City in 2025 through the measurement of House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteau Index (BI), Larvae-Free Numbers (ABJ), and Density Figure (DF). The method used was descriptive observational with a purposive proportional random sampling technique on 100 households in three RTs. Data was collected through direct observation using checklist sheets. The results showed that the HI was 66%, CI was 44%, BI was 107%, and ABJ was only 34%, which indicates that the larval density is very high and far below the WHO standard (≥ 95%). The DF value is in the range of 7–9, reinforcing the finding of high vector density. This condition shows that the area is at high risk of dengue transmission. Interventions are needed in the form of regular mosquito nest eradication (PSN), increasing public education, and strengthening the role of jumantic cadres in sustainable vector control.

Food security is a fundamental aspect of independent and sustainable village development. Kajarharjo Village has abundant natural resource potential, such as cassava and various herbal plants. However, the utilization of this potential is still less than optimal, both in terms of food processing and the implementation of environmentally friendly agriculture. This condition encourages the need for community service activities oriented towards food innovation and strengthening sustainable agriculture. This service activity was carried out using a participatory and applied approach at the Kajarharjo Village Hall. The main target is the village community, especially housewives and farmers. The program is implemented through two main activities, namely: (1) training in making cassava leaf nuggets as a nutritious food, an alternative local product, and a household business opportunity; and (2) training in making organic boosters from natural ingredients as a more environmentally friendly substitute for chemical fertilizers. Implementation methods include counseling, demonstrations, direct practice, and interactive discussions to ensure active community involvement. The results of the activities show an increase in community knowledge and skills. Housewives are able to process cassava leaves into products with nutritional and economic value, while farmers gain skills in mixing organic boosters that can improve soil quality and agricultural yields without relying on chemical fertilizers. The participants' enthusiasm was also evident in their active participation in the practical exercises and their desire to apply the knowledge gained in their daily activities. In conclusion, this activity successfully encouraged the utilization of local potential in Kajarharjo Village through food innovation and organic farming. Empowering the community through cassava leaf processing and organic fertilizer production not only strengthens food security but also opens up business opportunities, maintains environmental health, and supports the development of an independent, healthy, and sustainable village.

Well water is still one of the main sources of daily water supply for the residents of the Candi Muaro Jambi area. The dependence on well water makes it vital for consumption, cooking, and other domestic activities. However, with the increasing human activity, the development of tourist areas, and environmental changes in the surrounding area, the quality of the well water is at risk of being affected. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of well water from an environmental and health perspective based on physical, chemical, and biological parameters, referring to the clean water quality standards set by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. The research employs a descriptive quantitative method, with well water samples taken from several points around the residential areas in the Candi Muaro Jambi region. The analyzed parameters include temperature, color, odor, turbidity, pH, nitrate content, metal content (Fe and Mn), and the presence of coliform bacteria. Laboratory test results show that most of the well water samples still meet the established physical and chemical standards, but some wells were found to have coliform levels exceeding the recommended threshold. This condition indicates contamination, most likely from domestic waste, particularly from household sanitation systems that are not ideally located relative to the wells. While the well water in the study area is generally still suitable for daily use, it is recommended that the community performs simple water treatment, such as boiling or filtration, before direct consumption. These measures are crucial to reduce contamination risks and ensure the water's quality for safe consumption and health.

This community service program was designed to strengthen the competitive value of coffee bean processing through a combination of practical field training and structured mentoring for rural communities. The activity took place on June 29, 2025, in Motung Village, Ajibata District, Toba Regency, and involved 20 local participants representing farming households. The implementation model emphasized a participatory and hands-on approach, where participants were directly engaged in coffee bean processing techniques under the guidance of academic experts and field mentors. This initiative was a collaborative effort between Universitas Murni Teguh PSDKU Pematangsiantar, Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia, and the Farmer and Fishermen Association (KTNA) Pematangsiantar. The program’s primary objectives were to enhance local community skills in post-harvest coffee processing, to raise product quality standards, and to generate added value that would enable rural producers to compete in wider markets. Through structured mentoring, participants received continuous assistance that ensured they could apply the acquired knowledge and skills independently after the training activities concluded. The results demonstrated significant improvements in participants’ understanding and technical capacity, particularly in the areas of sorting, drying, roasting, and packaging coffee beans. These competencies allowed the local community to produce higher-quality coffee products that meet market expectations and enhance competitiveness. Furthermore, the program strengthened the link between academic knowledge, practical field skills, and local wisdom, which together form the foundation for sustainable rural empowerment. By improving coffee bean processing capacity, the initiative is expected to increase household income, foster an entrepreneurial spirit, and support the long-term development of Toba’s rural economy. In this way, the program not only equips the community with technical expertise but also contributes to broader goals of economic sustainability and social resilience in the region.

Cassava tapai is a traditional Indonesian food product produced through the fermentation of cassava (Manihot esculenta) with the help of microorganisms, particularly the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This product not only has cultural and economic value but also contains bioactive compounds with health benefits, such as probiotics and fermentation metabolites. However, the quality of cassava tapai is significantly influenced by process factors, particularly incubation time. This study aimed to analyze microbial growth and changes in the chemical properties of cassava tapai with varying fermentation times. The study was conducted using an experimental design with fermentation times of 24, 48, and 72 hours at room temperature. The main parameters observed included the number of microbial colonies (cfu/g), pH changes, and alcohol content produced during the fermentation process. The results showed that microbial growth increased significantly, peaking at 48 hours, with the highest colony count compared to other treatments. After 72 hours, the number of colonies decreased, likely due to ethanol accumulation and decreased substrate availability, which reduced microbial activity. The pH value tended to decrease with increasing fermentation time, reflecting the formation of organic acids during the process. Meanwhile, the alcohol content showed an increasing trend from the beginning to the end of fermentation, although the growth rate was relatively slower at 72 hours. These findings confirm that varying incubation length significantly influences microbial dynamics and chemical changes in cassava tapai. The optimal fermentation time is around 48 hours, as this is the phase where the balance between microbial growth, alcohol formation, and sensory characteristics is maintained. The results of this study can serve as a basis for developing standards for cassava tapai production at both household and industrial scales, while also strengthening efforts to preserve traditional foods with a modern scientific approach.

This research was conducted in Curahmalang Village, Rambipuji District, with the aim of determining how the Family Hope Program (PKH) policy is implemented in improving the welfare of beneficiary families (KPM). PKH, as one of the conditional social assistance programs designed by the government, plays a strategic role in poverty alleviation efforts, so it is important to assess the extent to which this policy is effective at the village level. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with policy implementation indicators referring to the George C. Edward III model, which includes aspects of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Research data were obtained through primary and secondary data using data collection techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that PKH implementation in Curahmalang Village was influenced by these four factors. From the communication aspect, information delivery, clarity, and consistency of communication were considered quite good due to the role of facilitators in bridging the government with beneficiaries. In terms of resources, the availability of facilitators and information was adequate, but the utilization of facilities, especially health facilities, was not fully optimal because some beneficiaries did not utilize them according to their needs. The disposition aspect shows that the implementer's attitude and compliance towards Beneficiary Families (KPM) are relatively good, although some participants are still less committed to fulfilling program obligations. Meanwhile, in the aspect of bureaucratic structure, weaknesses were found, particularly in terms of coordination and cooperation between PKH facilitators and the village government, which has not been running optimally, thus impacting the effectiveness of work patterns.