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Abortion is a contentious legal and moral issue, as it involves two equally important rights: the right to life of the fetus and a woman's right to bodily autonomy and reproductive health. Under Indonesian criminal law, abortion is generally classified as a criminal offense, as stipulated in the Criminal Code (KUHP). However, exceptions are recognized under specific conditions such as medical emergencies and pregnancies resulting from rape, in accordance with Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health. This study aims to examine the legal boundaries between prohibited and permitted abortions and to analyze the challenges of implementing these provisions in practice. The findings indicate that despite the existence of legal exceptions, implementation remains difficult due to complex procedures, limited facilities, and inadequate understanding among law enforcement and health workers. Therefore, clear technical regulations and cross-sectoral education are essential to ensure fair legal protection for both women and medical professionals.

This study aims to understand the impact of inflation on the purchasing power of communities in Lampung Province throughout 2024 from a macroeconomic perspective using a qualitative approach. The persistent fluctuations in inflation over the year have triggered various responses and adaptation strategies among the public, particularly within economically vulnerable groups. Through in-depth interviews with various informants—such as small business owners, housewives, and informal sector workers—this study finds that inflation has influenced consumption patterns, spending priorities, and how people manage their daily income. A noticeable decline in purchasing power is observed in essential needs and healthcare services. Common coping strategies include switching to alternative products, taking on debt, or reducing overall consumption. The findings suggest that inflation has not only economic implications but also social consequences, highlighting the importance of social protection policies and price stabilization efforts to maintain household economic resiliencej.

Every citizen has the right to get a job. Meanwhile, the work that is necessary for people to live a decent life for humanity is a job that pays enough and does not cause accidents or diseases. Law on Health No. 17 of 2023 Law No. 1 of 1970 on Occupational Safety: This law is the legal basis for the implementation of K3LH in Indonesia. Law No. 13 of 2003: Article 88 paragraph (1) of this Law states that every worker has the right to protection for occupational safety and health.  Permenaker No. 5 of 1996: This regulation regulates the K3 Management System. Meanwhile, getting enough wages in jobs in our country is very difficult and the weak protection of workers, especially regarding freelance daily workers, has not received much attention in the government's observation. Legal protection plays a crucial role in ensuring that K3 coaching runs effectively and sustainably. This includes regulations that require K3 training, the appointment of competent K3 officers, and incident reporting. The main challenges include ineffective supervision and low legal awareness. A robust legal framework, including K3 training, certification, and auditing standards, is essential to encourage investment in quality coaching. Strict law enforcement against K3 violations is also vital to minimize accidents and occupational diseases.

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems experienced by workers, especially those in professions that require prolonged static sitting, such as public transportation drivers. This condition not only impacts work productivity but can also disrupt daily activities and increase the risk of chronic health problems. This study aims to analyze factors associated with the incidence of LBP in public transportation drivers on the Latuhalat route at Mardika Terminal, Ambon City. The study design used an observational analytical approach with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 96 public transportation drivers, and 51 were selected as samples through a purposive sampling technique based on inclusion criteria. The independent variables in this study included driving position, driving duration, age, and length of service, while the dependent variable was low back pain. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets, then analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that all independent variables, namely driving position, driving duration, age, and length of service, had a significant relationship with the incidence of LBP (p < 0.05). Thus, ergonomic factors and workload significantly contribute to the occurrence of NPB in public transportation drivers. Therefore, ergonomic interventions, proportional work hour arrangements, and the implementation of occupational health programs are important steps in reducing the risk of NPB in drivers.

The family is an essential unit consisting of two or more individuals living together due to ties of blood, marriage, or adoption, and it plays a significant role in supporting the health of its members, including those with diabetes mellitus, which can be hereditary. One of the serious complications that often arise in diabetes mellitus patients is diabetic ulcers, which can be prevented through proper foot care practices. In this context, the family has an important role in helping prevent foot injuries by providing support through foot care education. This study aims to describe the implementation of foot care education using audiovisual media as a means to improve the knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients in the working area of Sekaran Public Health Center, Semarang. The research method applied was a case study with a descriptive approach, in which an intervention was carried out through pre-test and post-test assessments related to foot care education using audiovisual media over five days, with the research instrument being the Diabetic Foot Knowledge Scale (DFKS) questionnaire. The results showed an increase in patient knowledge after the intervention, where in subject I the pre-test score was 8 (fair), which increased to 12 (good) in the post-test, while in subject II the pre-test score of 9 (fair) increased to 13 (good) in the post-test. These findings confirm that audiovisual-based foot care education is effective in enhancing the knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients regarding foot care. Based on the results, it is recommended that both patients and their families consistently apply foot care education in their daily activities, and health workers at Sekaran Public Health Center are encouraged to utilize audiovisual education methods as a strategy to improve patients’ knowledge and foot care practices, thereby preventing further complications in diabetes mellitus patients.

The number of layoffs during Covid-19 due to the presence of the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policy not only has an impact on the health sector, but also has a wide impact on social and economic coverage, especially in the formal and informal employment sector. One of the main problems that arises is the increasing cases of Termination of Employment (PHK) which causes economic uncertainty for workers and their families. The researcher is encouraged to conduct an in-depth analysis of this condition after the enactment of the Job Creation Law, especially in the perspective of fulfilling the rights of workers affected by the pandemic. This study uses a normative legal research method with a legal legal approach, focusing on the employment aspect. Data was obtained through literature studies which included primary sources in the form of laws and regulations, as well as secondary sources in the form of literature, journals, scientific articles, and relevant court decisions. The results of the study show that there are still differences in implementation in fulfilling the rights of workers who have been laid off during the pandemic. Based on the decisions analyzed, it was found that there are still cases where workers do not get their rights in full, either related to severance pay, service award money, or other compensation money that should be guaranteed by law. These findings indicate that the role of judges in deciding layoff cases is very important to ensure maximum justice and protection for workers. Therefore, the author recommends that judges in deciding cases related to layoffs be guided by the principles of labor law, the principles of social justice, and applicable laws and regulations.

A Fuel Filling Station is a location that produces air pollution due to transportation activities. The use of motorized vehicles will produce various pollutants including NO2 and SO2. Public Fuel Filling Station (SPBU) officers are a group of workers who play an important role in helping to provide services and provide fuel needs for public transportation. However, these officers also have the risk of being exposed to hazardous chemicals, especially motor vehicle gas emissions such as SO2 and NO2 produced by vehicles that will refuel. This study aims to determine the quality of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in Ambient Air at SPBU 84-97104 Passo. This type of research is descriptive research, this research is supported by examination using the Midget Impinger tool. The population in this study is the entire ambient air at SPBU 84-97104 Passo. The samples in this study are the parameters of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) which will be measured at the measurement points that have been determined according to SNI 19-7119.6-2005 concerning Determination of Sampling Locations for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Tests. The results of NO2 and SO2 measurements carried out at gas station 84-97104 which were carried out for 1 hour obtained NO2 measurement results of 10.50 µg/m3 and SO2 30.37µg/m3 which means that it meets the requirements according to the standard quality for Nitrogen Dioxide 200 µg/m3, and Sulfur Dioxide quality 150 µg/m3 according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2023. Based on the results of NO2 and SO2 measurements carried out at gas station 84-97104 which were carried out for 1 hour, the NO2 measurement results met the requirements according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2023. Concentration of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Ambient Air, Fuel.

Quality health services are an important factor in increasing patient trust in medical facilities and health workers. One of the crucial aspects is accuracy in providing drug recommendations that suit the patient's needs. Drug recommendations are influenced by various criteria, including effectiveness, safety, price, availability, and potential side effects. However, in practice, there is often a gap between the patient's expectations and the reality of the treatment received. This can affect patient satisfaction and perception of health services. To overcome these challenges, a Decision Support (SPK) is needed that is able to provide drug recommendations in a more objective, measurable, and structured manner. This study uses the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method because of its advantages in processing various complex and diverse criteria. SAW works by giving weight to each attribute, normalizing the data, and then calculating the preference value to determine the best alternative from several available drug options. The results of the study show that the SAW method is able to produce more structured and consistent recommendations than manual determination. In this study, the drug with the highest preference value, which is 92.00, was recommended as the top choice. These findings confirm that SPK and SAW-based approaches can be an effective solution in supporting medical personnel, especially in the selection of external drugs. In addition to improving decision accuracy, this SPK also has the potential to be further developed, for example by integrating into an electronic medical record (EMR) or based on a mobile application, so that its use becomes more practical and accessible. Thus, the implementation of the SAW method in SPK not only provides benefits on the technical aspect, but also contributes to improving the quality of health services as a whole.

Stunting is one of the nutritional problems that still occurs in Indonesia. Stunting treatment does not only refer to medical and nutritional aspects, but is also influenced by social and cultural factors, including the social stigma inherent in families with stunted children. This study aims to examine the forms of social stigma against stunting and its impact on prevention and handling efforts in Santur Village. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study with an in-depth interview method with parents, posyandu cadres, local health workers, and village officials. The results of the study show that stigma in the form of negative labeling and feelings of shame often hinder parents from accessing health services and being open to information related to child nutrition. This information shows the importance of a community-based approach that not only focuses on the medical aspect, but also targets changes in people's social views on stunting. By overcoming social stigma, it is hoped that efforts to prevent and handle stunting can run more effectively and comprehensively.

Industrial waste management is a crucial aspect of maintaining environmental sustainability and the health of communities around industrial areas. This study aims to empower the community through education on industrial waste management at Jordan Bakery Factory in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi. The methods used were participatory observation and interviews with the waste management staff at the factory. The results of the community service show that the factory has implemented a good system for managing liquid and solid waste, including a liquid waste filtration process and economic utilization of solid waste. In addition, the service team also prepared educational materials in the form of pamphlets containing information about types of waste, proper management methods, and the environmental impact of waste. This education is expected to increase awareness and participation among the community and factory workers in responsible waste management. This study contributes positively to environmentally friendly and sustainable industrial waste management in the Kendari area

Children's confidence in educational activities that are tried includes playing, dialogue in front of the class, daring to go forward alone without playing with their friends can increase self-confidence, the purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between peer support and the formation of confidence in children aged 5-6 years at Zainul Hasan Genggong Pajarakan Probolonggo Kindergarten This type of research is correlational analysis,  While the design used is a cross sectional approach. The population of this study is some children in Zainul Hasan Kindergarten who are 5-6 years old with a total of 44 respondents who were taken by simple random sampling. The data analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with che square test statistics. Based on the results of the most statistical test research between peer support and confidence building, namely the most peer support is in the high category, namely there are 30 people (68.2%) and the most confidence formation is in the high category, there are 33 people (75.0%). Based on the results of the chi square statistical test, a p-value was obtained. 0.002 where the result of p-value<a = 0.005, which means that there is a relationship between peer support and the formation of confidence in children aged 5-6 years at Zainul Hasan Genggong Pajarakan Kindergarten. It is hoped that health workers or researchers can continue to plan, add the right insight in the provision of services, for peers, especially about peer support with the formation of confidence.

Degenerative diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus are increasingly prevalent among both productive-age and elderly populations, including industrial workers. This community service activity aimed to conduct early detection and provide health education related to hypertension and diabetes among workers at Pabrik Wajan Matahari, Cikoneng Subdistrict, Ciamis Regency. The methods included physical examinations (blood pressure and blood glucose) and personalized counseling based on the examination results. The activity involved 30 active worker participants. Results revealed that 66.7% had a history of hypertension and 96.7% had a history of diabetes mellitus. These findings indicate a high prevalence of degenerative diseases among workers and underscore the importance of continuous promotive-preventive interventions in the workplace. Follow-up efforts should include routine screenings, healthy lifestyle education, and cross-sector collaboration to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases among industrial workers.

The Emergency Department is one of the busiest hospital units dealing with patients with various medical conditions, including high-risk patient cases requiring intensive care. This requires competent health workers. However, a stressful work environment can lead to high levels of job stress and burnout, which negatively impacts job satisfaction. This study aims to examine the effect of competence, job stress, and burnout on job satisfaction of health workers, especially doctors and nurses in the emergency room of Tzu Chi Hospital. This study used a quantitative approach with a questionnaire involving 38 respondents, analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique through the SmartPLS application. The results showed that competence significantly affects job satisfaction, indicating that increasing competence increases job satisfaction. and competence also has a positive effect on burnout where the higher the competence, the lower the risk of burnout. In contrast, job stress and burnout have a negative influence on job satisfaction; the higher the stress and burnout, the lower the level of job satisfaction. These findings emphasize the importance of competency development as a strategic measure to reduce stress and burnout and increase job satisfaction. These results provide guidance for hospital management in designing effective competency improvement and stress management programs.

Healthy financial performance is a target that a company wants to achieve which can be influenced by many factors both internally and externally. In this study, remuneration, risk management and corporate governance are the variables chosen to find their influence on financial performance. State-owned enterprises or BUMN are the research samples with a total of 20 BUMN from 2019 - 2023. Qualitative descriptive analysis methods are used with secondary data as a supporting tool for the research. Secondary data comes from journals, articles or annual reports of companies in the form of non-numerical data such as standards, policies or rules used in BUMN operations. The results of the study show that remuneration, risk management and corporate governance do not affect financial performance for various reasons. Remuneration has no effect because the number of workers from each BUMN is different and has a different remuneration policy. While risk management has no effect because liquidity risk cannot be the only risk that can be used, meaning that there needs to be intervention from other risks. Corporate governance has no effect because of the difference in the number of directors and the change of directors which results in changes in policy or culture.

This community service activity aimed to increase the knowledge and awareness of informal sector sandal craftsmen regarding hypertension through education and blood pressure screening. The target group consisted of 17 workers at Sandal Factory X in Tasikmalaya City. The methods used included health education using interactive poster media and blood pressure screening with a digital sphygmomanometer. The results showed that most workers (94.1%) had elevated blood pressure: 41.2% pre-hypertension, 41.2% stage 1 hypertension, and 11.8% stage 2 hypertension. Only 5.9% had normal blood pressure. This activity effectively raised participants’ awareness of the importance of early detection of hypertension. The workers responded positively and showed enthusiasm in participating. These findings highlight the importance of promotive and preventive interventions for informal sector workers who are often underserved in healthcare access.

The high risk of zoonotic disease transmission in cattle farming environments necessitates effective education to enhance workers' understanding and hygienic behaviors. This study aims to improve workers' awareness and hygienic practices in preventing zoonotic diseases through an outreach program at Manonjaya Farm. The method used is a case study with a qualitative approach, involving semi-structured interviews and direct observation. The educational activities were conducted interactively using posters, lectures, and demonstrations of the six-step Handwashing with Soap (CTPS) technique. The results indicate an increase in workers' understanding of zoonotic risks, particularly bovine tuberculosis, as well as the importance of maintaining barn cleanliness, regular vaccinations, and the use of personal protective equipment. Furthermore, the CTPS practice successfully enhanced workers’ skills and consistency in implementing hygienic behaviors. Supporting strategies such as the installation of educational posters, distribution of vaccination logbooks, and provision of handwashing soap contributed to the sustainability of behavioral changes. These findings affirm the effectiveness of interactive lectures and demonstrations in improving knowledge and preventive measures against zoonotic diseases within farming communities, aligning with the One Health approach.

deaths each year. An additional 1.5 million deaths could be prevented if global immunization coverage increased. Providing information to mothers can improve knowledge of post-immunization care for infants. The implementation method is through counseling on post-immunization care for infants, namely handling fever at home. This activity involves health workers at the Lhok Beuringen Health Center. This Community Service was carried out in Mataram Maneh village. The implementation time was in November 2024. Participants in this Community Service activity were mothers who had children aged 1-12 months in Mataram Maneh village with a total of 20 people. The activity was carried out in stages (1) providing an explanation of the purpose of the activity; (2) providing knowledge about the importance of immunization (3) providing knowledge about how to handle post-immunization impacts. The results of the activity showed that there was an increase in mothers' knowledge about post-immunization care for infants. After participating in this activity, mothers can apply this knowledge as much as possible to babies in post-immunization care for infants. The community service activity aims to educate mothers in Matang Maneh village, Tanah Jambo Aye District, North Aceh Regency, and to determine the level of knowledge of mothers about immunization and its benefits, the method I use is quantitative by distributing questionnaires after and before the presentation, the results of immunization counseling in Matang Maneh village, Tanah Jambo Aye District, North Aceh Regency, showed an increase. before being given counseling 30% knew, after counseling increased to 80%.

Occupational Health and Safety (K3) is an effort to provide safety guarantees and improve the health status of workers/laborers by preventing work-related accidents and diseases, controlling  workplace hazards,  health  promotion, treatment and  rehabilitation. Occupational Health and Safety efforts include workforce, work methods/methods, work tools, work processes and work environment. In the PTM room at the West Baktiya Health Center, the space is quite narrow due to the large number of patients visiting, so there is untidiness in the room even though the AC and windows are used. However, having 2 tables in the room makes the room increasingly narrow and difficult to work comfortably. This research aims to find out an overview of the implementation of Occupational Safety and Health in the PTM room. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with a case study design. The subjects of this research were 3 officers in the PTM room. The object of this research is the implementation of K3 and PTM rooms at the West Baktiya Community Health Center. Data was collected by participant observation and semi-structured interviews with informants. The risk factors for the PTM room at the West Baktiya Health Center, seen from occupational safety and health factors, are that it is quite clean, no animals were found that cause disease transmission such as cockroaches, rats and others. There are no occupational safety and health signs and standard operational procedures related to occupational safety and health, while fire prevention in the PTM room at the West Baktiya Public Health Center and the West Baktiya Community Health Center itself is quite good with APAR. There needs to be signs regarding occupational safety and health and SOPs regarding occupational safety and health, especially in the PTM room.

Awareness and support from husbands toward the Family Planning (FP) program play an important role in determining contraceptive use participation in Indonesia. However, male participation in FP programs remains relatively low, especially in the Tasikmalaya area. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the level of knowledge and support from husbands regarding the Family Planning program among traders at Cikurubuk Market, Tasikmalaya City. This research employed an observational method with a cross-sectional study design, involving 30 respondents selected through total sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. The findings showed that respondents had a good level of knowledge about FP (53.3%) and received support from their husbands in using contraceptives (56.7%), with most information about FP obtained from healthcare workers (56.7%).These findings imply the need to enhance educational programs about Family Planning specifically targeting men, to raise awareness and increase husbands’ involvement, as well as to strengthen the dissemination of information within communities, especially in workplaces and other informal work environments.

Stunting is a condition of growth failure in toddlers due to chronic malnutrition that occurs over a long period of time, especially in the first 1,000 days of life. Several major risk factors for stunting that are often found in Posyandu include the nutritional status of pregnant women, parenting patterns, exclusive breastfeeding, and environmental sanitation. To analyze the Identification of Risk Factors for Stunting in Toddlers: A Study in the Working Area of ​​the Aek Godang Health Center, North Padang Lawas. The type of observational study with a cross-sectional design, the study population was 139 people. This study used samples from all mothers who had stunted toddlers in Hulu Sihapas District, North Padang Lawas Regency, with the total sampling method. Data collection used a research questionnaire. Data were analyzed univariately, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate (logistic regression) with the enter method. Newborn weight (p = 0.001) and healthy toilets (p = 0.001) significantly influenced the risk of stunting, with low birth weight and poor sanitation increasing the risk of growth disorders in toddlers. This study shows that newborn weight (p = 0.001) and healthy toilets (p = 0.001) have a significant effect on the risk of stunting in toddlers. Babies with low birth weight and environments with poor sanitation increase the likelihood of stunting. More attention is needed to monitor newborn weight and increase access to healthy latrines to reduce the prevalence of stunting. The government and health workers are expected to strengthen nutrition and sanitation programs at the community level.