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This research analyzes one case of defamation committed by a Media Zein celebrity on social media. Medina Zein was charged with article 27 paragraph (3) of Republic of Indonesia Law number 19 of 2016 concerning ITE. Defamation is one of the problems in forensic linguistics that often occurs in the real world and cyberspace. Defamation or defamation can be done verbally and in writing. The aim is to bring down someone’s good name and/or embarrass others. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. This research contains a general, clear picture and is based on facts that occur in the field regarding what is being researched. This research uses data analysis in which there is an explanation of the perpetrator and the crime he committed. The results of this research stated that sister Medina Zein was found guilty and sentenced on charges of defamation with a sentence of 6 months in prison.

  This research aims to conduct a literary psychological study of the novel entitled Hai, Luka by Mezty Mez. This novel was written by a famous author who describes the complexity of the emotions and psychological conditions of the main character. This research explores the psychological elements contained in the novel and analyzes their influence on the character development of the main character. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The results of the research show that the classification of emotions in Dante's character is in the form of guilt, buried guilt, self-punishment, shame, sadness, hatred and love. In this case, the novel Hai, Luka provides a deeper understanding of the complexity of the characters and psychological conditions depicted through literary works. This research contributes to the field of literary psychology studies by revealing how authors use psychological elements to shape characters and stimulate emotional responses in readers    

This research aims to find and describe bound morphemes contained Indonesian Folklore from 34 Provinces. This research uses Morphological theory. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with Content Analysis techniques. The results of this research are: (1) There are 233 prefixes in Folklore of the Archipelago from 34 Provinces consisting of 6 prefixes (2.6%), 10 prefixes (4.3%), prefixes in- as many as 20 findings (8.6%), Prefix Men- as many as 44 findings (18.9%), Prefix me- as many as 48 findings (20.6%), Prefix me0n- as many as 60 findings (25.7%), prefix mem- as many as 40 findings (17.1%), prefix se- many as 5 findings (2.1%). There are 200 suffixes in Indonesian Folklore, the suffix -an totaling 50 findings (25%), the suffix -kan 100 findings (50%), and the suffix  -nya 50 findings (25%).  

This study aims to determine the implementation of the Pati Ea Culture of the Lewuk Tribe in Natarita Hamlet and the Socio-Economic Conditions After the Pati Ea Ceremony in Natarita Hamlet, Darat Gunung Village, Talibura District. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects were the Lewuk Tribe Traditional Leaders, community leaders who had organized pati ea events and community leaders in Natarita Hamlet who were actively involved in pati ea events. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in the form of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that pati ea is a traditional ritual performed to honor the spirits who have died and ask for abundant yields in wulan lelen (rainy season) and to give thanks for the harvest in wulan daran (summer). Kula babong (deliberation), Teme Pelang ( soaking rice), Leron pati ( slaughtering animals) and Ekak ( feeding the ancestors). The Socio-Economic Condition of the Dusun Natarita community after the Pati Ea ceremony experienced a decline due to the community's non-compliance with adat.

This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach by utilizing observation, interviews and documentation analysis to determine the difficulties faced by teachers in implementing thematic learning. Research participants included the principal and class VI teachers at SD Negeri Peninggilan 5. The research findings revealed several main difficulties faced by teachers. First, at the planning stage, teachers have difficulty integrating lesson material into classroom learning steps when preparing lesson plans. Second, during implementation, teachers consider thematic learning to be time consuming because it covers many subjects and remains teacher-centered. Finally, in terms of evaluation, teachers experience difficulties in assessing students' affective mood due to individual differences, as well as facing challenges in completing subject-specific student learning outcomes reports. Efforts to overcome these difficulties so that thematic learning can be useful in improving the overall quality of teaching for other teachers.    

The 2013 curriculum focuses on developing students' knowledge, understanding, abilities, values, attitudes and interests, with the aim of enabling them to apply this knowledge in a practical way. At the same time, it encourages independent learning based on each student's abilities, while providing opportunities for the development of character and important skills. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach using a literature study review. This research aims to determine the differences between the 2013 Curriculum and the Merdeka Curriculum in various aspects, including characteristics, objectives, competencies, assessment methods and roles. The findings of this research can help the government choose a more effective curriculum for students, thereby optimizing the learning process for their future. Based on the research we conducted, we have drawn conclusions and provided recommendations to the government, emphasizing the need for well-developed policies, thorough outreach, and comprehensive teacher training before implementing curriculum changes. In the end, it is the teacher who will be directly involved with students in the learning process.    

: The condition of Indonesian education which until now has not yet found its identity. Curriculum changes have continued to be made until now we have arrived at the independent learning curriculum. Various problems even began to be felt. This research is based on the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum and the 2013 curriculum for teachers at Kunciran 2 Elementary School, what problems teachers face and how to overcome them. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, and data collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. The results of data analysis showed that teachers' problems in implementing the Merdeka curriculum and curriculum13 lie in the planning of learning implementation, planning and assessment of learning. The aim of this research is to find out the problems found in textbooks at Kunciran 2 Elementary School. So that we can find out what problems occur and the need for evaluation.    

This research explores the effectiveness of spiritual guidance, especially the Islamic approach, in dealing with juvenile delinquency. The adolescent phase, as an important transition period, tends to be marked by significant physical and mental changes. Uncontrolled juvenile delinquency can be detrimental to individuals and society. Research emphasizes the application of spiritual guidance to early adolescents and pre-adolescents to prevent deviant behavior. Spiritual guidance, as a process of providing direction and advice with religious values, has a crucial role in forming positive character. Findings from previous research show that spiritual guidance, including Islamic counseling, vent sessions, and religious activities, is effective in reducing levels of juvenile delinquency. Teenagers who receive spiritual guidance tend to have a positive mindset, use their time well, and have a better religious understanding. Although the study makes important contributions, resource limitations, methodological variations in previous studies, and the lack of long-term studies need to be addressed. Therefore, future research must overcome these limitations to provide deeper insight into the role of spiritual guidance in dealing with juvenile delinquency.    

This research aims to shape the disciplinary character of students in elementary schools through music theory material with sub-materials of values ​​and forms of notation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques of observation, questionnaires and interviews. The research was conducted in 7 (seven) meetings, the results of the research showed that there was a change in the theoretical understanding category with a percentage of 97.8%, and statements of disciplinary attitudes increased with a percentage of 95%. Disciplinary character is assessed based on the student's ability to sing the song Pada Mu Negeri according to the tempo, beats, and other punctuation marks contained in the score. The results showed that students were able to sing the song according to the punctuation marks in the sheet music.    

Malay culture that developed in the Nusantara provides an intellectual heritage in the form of ancient texts, one of which text of Undang Undang Adat (UUA). The UUA text is a text containing Minangkabau customary law. This text was written in 1858 by Datuk Raja Bandara using Arabic-Malay script. The aim of this research is to reveal Minangkabau customary law institutions in the UUA Text. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained from the text will be analyzed and explained systematically. Based on reviewing the contents of the text, this research produces findings of customary legal institutions which include (1) cupak nan duo, namely cupak usali and cupak artificial, (2) four laws, namely the nagari law, law in nagari, law -luhak law, and nan twenty laws, (3) kato nan ampek namely kato pusako, kato mufakat, kato kudian bacari, kato dulu batapati, (4) judge's debt or obligation of the judge, and (5) sanctions for violations custom.        

Studying phonemes is a part of phonology, so writing this article is about learning basic phonemes. Phonemes are the basic level of phonological learning because phonemes are the smallest basic units that form the elements that make up speech sounds. Therefore, in this article we will study the basic phoneme which is the smallest functional unit of language. a phoneme cannot stand alone because a phoneme has no meaning, but its role is very important because a phoneme can distinguish meaning. For example, the phonemes [l] and [r]. If we separate these two phonemes, we will definitely not understand their meaning. A phoneme has an identity basis which is called the meaning distinguishing function of the sound units of language. The method used in this article is a method that collects information through questionnaires to analyze students' understanding of phonemic learning and draw conclusions about basic phonemic learning, whether learning is important and easy to understand.  

Language skills are needed for all individuals. This is because language skills are a model for developing students’ intellectual, social, and character abilities. The first language skill possessed by humans is listening. The purpose of writing this article is to analyze student listening skills in learning Indonesian at MI/SD. This research uses the library research method which is a series of activities related to the method of collecting library data, reading and recording and processing the research material. Listening is one of the most important language skills that must be mastered by students, but in reality many students do not like learning to listen. Most think that learning to listen is a boring lesson.

The Indonesian education system has been changed over past few decades. There are several reason of these changes but the one most crucial aspect of these changes is the student and technology. Merdeka curriculum or also known as independent study is this modern era’s newest curriculum, as we know in this current world technology has been developed in the speed of light and it also affects students’ character toward studying and that’s why the Merdeka curriculum being made. The main purpose of this curriculum is to use tech as useful as possible and also to develop each unique ability that students. This article’s main purpose is to explain about format and implementation of the Merdeka curriculum in this modern era.

The objective of this study is to find out how the effect of habituation of Mingle Night program in improving students' English speaking ability at BestOne Education English Course. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research design. The data collection methods used were observation, interview, and documentation. The participants in this study amounted to 15 students at the BesOne Education course. The results of this study show that the impact of the Mingle Night program can increase students' vocabulary and improve students' English speaking skills. In addition, the Mingle Night program can also increase self-confidence and build mental in speaking in front of many people. This Mingle Night program is also different from other programs that students have encountered because in Mingle Night students can be free in speaking and having opinions without fear of the wrong word structure. In conclusion, the Mingle Night program at BestOne Education is considered effective in improving students' speaking skills. In addition, tutor assistance and support also greatly affect the effectiveness of this Mingle Night program.

Syntax is a branch of linguistics that studies grammar in an utterance. One of the objects of study of syntax is phrases. Phrases are grammatical units consisting of two or more words that do not exceed the function limit. This study aims to use phrases that focus on noun phrases, verb phrases, and adjective phrases in narrative texts in social studies learning books for class VII of the independent curriculum. This study used a descriptive qualitative data analysis method by searching, finding, determining, and analyzing the phrases in the narrative text of social studies learning books for class VIII of the independence curriculum. In analyzing the data using the approach of theoretical study of syntax and using the study of documents as a method of data collection. As for the results obtained from this analysis in the form of finding seven noun phrases as the most used phrases in the text, three verb phrases, and five adjective phrases that are appropriate to their respective uses. It is hoped that this research will help many people, especially those pursuing education, better understand the different types of verb phrases, noun phrases, and adjective phrases in narrative text sentences.

The syntax is a grammar that can decipher the relationship of language elements to form sentences. The function of syntax is as a container in a syntactic structure that contains certain categories. It can be called subject (S), Predicate (P), Object (O), Complement (COMP), and Adverb (ADV). Phrase analysis in short story texts in Indonesian language books for fourth-grade elementary school independence curriculum. This analysis is a qualitative descriptive analysis of the short story text in the Indonesian language book for the fourth grade of the Independent Curriculum. Phrases are syntactic units cobining of two or more words and do not have clauses that occupy one function. Many do not understand how to divide groups of phrases and the causes of errors. Therefore, this research to classify phrases based on their types, and the causes of phrase errors in short stories texts in Indonesian language books for fourth-grade elementary school independence curriculum. Listening and then recording is a technique that can be done when data collection. The results of this study indicate that there are noun phrases, verb phrases, adjective phrases, numeral phrases, and errors in the use of phrases in short stories sentences. This analysis is expected to better understand and be able to develop the use of phrases in short stories.

This article aims to discuss in detail the importance of language education in building a cultured character at the PGRI 9 SIDOARJO Junior High School level. Language education has a very important role in shaping the character of students, especially during adolescence which is a crucial period in the formation of their personality. Language education at Junior High School PGRI 9 SIDOARJO provides opportunities for students to develop language skills, both in speaking, writing, reading and listening. Students learn grammar, vocabulary, and language skills needed in everyday life. Language education is also important in building a cultured character. Students are exposed to literary works that represent diverse cultural values, develop empathy, tolerance and understanding of cultural diversity. Language education teaches good communication ethics, respect for the opinions of others, courtesy, and honesty. Students learn to respect and understand the perspectives of others and communicate effectively by taking into account social and cultural contexts. Good language skills open doors for students to acquire new knowledge and access broader information. Language education provides a strong foundation for students in studying other subjects, developing interests and talents, and facing challenges in an increasingly global world of work. This article emphasizes the importance of language education in building cultured character at Junior High School PGRI 9 SIDOARJO. Language education improves language skills, understands culture, and develops inclusive, empathetic, and communicative characters

This study aims to: 1) develop material for writing descriptive texts using a mind mapping model in Indonesian subjects; 2) analyze the feasibility of writing descriptive text material using the mind mapping model as teaching material in Indonesian language lessons in class VII junior high school. The development method used is the research and development method from Borg and Gall modified by Sugiyono with five stages. The development stages include analyzing potential and problems, collecting data, designing product development, validating, and revising products. The development was validated by two validators, namely material experts with an assessment reaching 86% included in the very feasible category, media expert validation with an assessment reaching 74% included in the feasible category. From the overall feasibility assessment of the teaching materials that have been presented, the descriptive text teaching materials using the Mind Mapping model for class VII have decent quality and can be accepted as one of the teaching materials.

The era of globalization is slowly eroding the characters of young people. For this reason, character education is needed. A management is needed so that good and structured character education can occur. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method.  The object of research is the students and alumni of MA NU I'anatuth-Thullab Mutih Kulon to explain the benefits of planting character education with local religious content. Local content that is applied is by studying books so that it is useful as a provision for children's knowledge about religious teachings. In addition, in establishing relationships with parents, teachers, and friends, they can behave with morality. The author hopes that this article can be used as a source of information or reference for all of us so that we can properly implement character education by balancing religion    

This study aims to determine the cooperative learning model of the Learning Cycle type on the ability to write persuasive texts in class VIII students of SMP Negeri 8 Medan in the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The population in this study were all Grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 8 Medan for the 2022/2023 academic year with a total of 304 students. Of the 304 students, the sample size was 30 students. The research method used in this research is the one-group pre-test post-test design experimental method. The instrument used in this study is a description test. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the data "t" test and it was found that the ability to write persuasive texts of students before using the Learning Cycle learning model was included in the sufficient category with an average value (mean) of 53.83, while the ability to write persuasive texts of students after using the model Learning Cycle learning increased with an average value (mean) of 81.16. Furthermore, the hypothesis test shows that tcount > ttable, which is equal to 13.14 > 2.045, it is concluded that the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. This shows that there is an effect of the Learning Cycle learning model on the ability to write persuasive texts in class VIII students of SMP Negeri 8 Medan in the 2022/2023 academic year.