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Digital transformation in Information Technology (IT) governance has become a crucial aspect in improving the efficiency of public services, particularly within the Department of Community and Village Empowerment, Population, and Civil Registration of North Sumatra Province. This study aims to analyze the implementation of digital transformation in IT governance using the COBIT 2019 framework. The research method includes the analysis of regulations, the role of IT, procurement models, implementation methods, and technology adoption strategies applied by the department. The findings show that IT implementation is predominantly strategic in nature, supporting the digitization of population services and enhancing data transparency. The IT procurement model comprises a combination of outsourcing (30%), cloud computing (30%), and insourcing (40%) to balance efficiency and system control. Agile methodology is the most dominant implementation method (50%), followed by DevOps (35%) for maintenance and traditional approaches (15%) for more structured projects. The department primarily adopts a "follower" technology adoption strategy (75%), reflecting a selective approach to digital innovation. Based on COBIT 2019 evaluation, the BAI (Build, Acquire, and Implement) domain is the main focus, with high scores in solution identification and improvement management (90) and change management (100), indicating the department’s readiness to adopt digital systems. However, challenges remain in information security, inter-agency data integration, and human resource readiness. The digital transformation of IT governance at the department has been systematically implemented, supporting the improvement of population service efficiency. Enhancements in security, infrastructure, and the strengthening of IT governance policies are necessary to optimize and sustain digital transformation implementation.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a significant role in the economy, including MSMEs in the culinary sector such as Putri Ice Cream Business. Decision making related to optimal resource allocation is crucial to increase the efficiency and profitability of MSMEs. This study aims to apply the linear programming method with the primal simplex algorithm to minimize production costs in the case study of Putri Ice Cream MSME. The objective function is to minimize the total production cost, as well as the limitations related to the availability of main raw materials and machine production capacity. Data on main raw materials and machine production capacity were obtained from the Putri Ice Cream MSME which was the case study. The results of the study show that the application of the primal simplex method produces an optimal solution that provides recommendations for product combinations for each type of Putri Ice Cream with minimal production costs. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted to test the stability of the optimal solution to changes in capital. This study provides a practical contribution to Putri Ice Cream MSME in optimizing their resource allocation and increasing cost efficiency through a quantitative approach.    

Customary land is an integral part of the identity and survival of customary law communities, including in the Kampar region, Riau Province. However, along with increasing investment and development, there have been various forms of takeover of customary land rights that have triggered disputes between customary communities and third parties, such as private companies and the government. This study aims to analyze the mechanism for resolving disputes over the takeover of customary land rights in the Kampar region using customary law and national law approaches. The method used is a combination of normative and empirical juridical, data obtained through legal document studies, interviews with authorized local customary leaders. The results of the study show that customary communities in Kampar still rely on customary resolution mechanisms. Meanwhile, in resolving litigation, they often experience administrative and economic obstacles, while non-litigation channels such as multistakeholder mediation and administrative recognition by the local government are more effective if supported by policies that support them. In conclusion, synergy between customary law and national law is absolutely necessary to create fair protection for the rights of indigenous peoples, and it is hoped that there will be strengthening of customary institutions, acceleration of recognition of customary areas through regional regulations, and preparation of integrated mechanisms for resolving disputes based on local culture and national legal certainty.

This study aims to analyze the role of local values in the sustainable management of peatlands in Dayun Village, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The research applies a descriptive qualitative method using a normative-empirical approach. Findings indicate that although formal customary law structures are no longer present, local communities continue to apply traditional values in land management. Activities include sustainable watermelon farming, batik training using watermelon leaves, and processing agricultural products into local goods such as juices and watermelon-based snacks. Furthermore, educational tourism initiatives emphasize Malay cultural preservation, environmental awareness, and social revitalization. Community activities such as group exercises, outbound games, forest fire prevention education, and crafts training are led by the local tourism awareness group (Pokdarwis). These reflect a transformation of local values into tangible actions supporting ecological sustainability and community economic growth. The study also highlights the importance of local leadership and external collaboration in implementing these grassroots initiatives successfully.

Sexual education for children, especially girls, is an important aspect in efforts to protect themselves from social risks such as harassment, violence, and exploitation. This article aims to examine the urgency of integrating sexual education into the basic education system as a strategic preventive measure. The method used is library research by reviewing various scientific literature, reference books, and education policy documents. The results of the study show that many parents still have a wrong understanding of sexual education, so discussions about the body, privacy, and social boundaries are often avoided. In fact, sexual education that is delivered appropriately according to the stages of child development can increase self-awareness, build self-confidence, and strengthen children's communication skills in dealing with risky social situations. Schools have a strategic role as a safe and conducive educational environment in introducing the concept of sexuality in a healthy and responsible manner. Therefore, sexual education should be an integral part of the national curriculum in order to support optimal child growth and development and protect them from various forms of violence.

This article explores theological perspectives on the resurrection of Christ that still feature wounds as a meaningful way to understand and heal trauma. The wounds of Christ that remain after his resurrection are a sign of hope, healing, and reconciliation. In a digital age filled with violence and trauma, the meaning of the resurrection of the body conveys the message that wounds are not the end of everything, but rather part of a holistic healing process both physically, mentally, and spiritually. The incarnation and solidarity of God through the suffering of Christ show that God is present in human grief. The community of faith and pastoral care also have a crucial role in addressing those who have experienced trauma. With a holistic approach that combines body, soul, and spirit, the resurrected body of Christ becomes an example of healing and a source of strength for wounded individuals.

This study aims to develop a learning medium in the form of a scrapbook as an effort to increase students’ interest in learning Pancasila Education at SMAN 1 Rantau Utara. The main problem addressed is the low level of student interest in theoretical subjects, which are often perceived as less engaging. This research employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The subjects of this study were eleventh-grade students at SMAN 1 Rantau Utara. The feasibility test results from material and media experts indicated that the scrapbook media falls into the "highly feasible" category. The implementation of the media in the classroom showed an increase in students’ learning interest, as evidenced by their activeness, enthusiasm, and participation during lessons. Therefore, the scrapbook media can serve as an effective and innovative alternative to enhance students’ interest in learning Pancasila Education.

Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO), around 810 women die from pregnancy or childbirth complications worldwide every day. In 2021, it was recorded that 42,295 villages and sub-districts (56.1%) of the 75,410 villages and sub-districts in Indonesia had begun efforts to realize this Alert Village/Sub-district. Based on the results of a preliminary survey conducted in February, in Hilisalawa Village, Fanamaya District, South Nias Regency, out of 10 pregnant women, 6 pregnant women did not utilize the alert village. The data collection method was carried out by collecting primary data, namely by conducting direct interviews with respondents and providing questionnaires that were previously informed of how to fill out the questionnaire and collected back for processing. Of the 35 respondents, based on behavior, the majority behaved well as many as 22 people (63%) and the minority behaved poorly as many as 2 respondents (6%). Good behavior is due to a response received by someone from external stimuli, then creating an activity or activity in utilizing the Alert Village 

Economics education plays a crucial role in building students' understanding of managing limited resources, both on an individual and societal scale. However, isolated approaches to economics education often make it difficult for students to connect economic concepts with real life. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating economics education with other subjects, such as mathematics, geography, and history, to create relevant and meaningful learning experiences. This approach aligns with the principles of the Kurikulum Merdeka, which emphasizes student-centered and life-relevant learning. This research employs the literature review method, involving the collection, analysis, and synthesis of information from various relevant sources, including books, journals, and scholarly articles. The findings indicate that integrating economics education can enhance students' conceptual understanding, analytical skills, and learning motivation. Moreover, this approach encourages students to recognize interdisciplinary connections, resulting in holistic comprehension. However, the implementation of such integration faces several challenges, including teacher readiness, time constraints, and limited supporting learning resources. Therefore, this study recommends the development of a more flexible curriculum, teacher training, and the creation of relevant teaching materials. The results are expected to provide insights for the development of innovative and holistic teaching methods in secondary education.

This study aims to analyze the implications of business law on consumer protection in e-commerce transactions in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that business law plays an important role in protecting consumers in e-commerce transactions. However, the effectiveness of existing laws and regulations is still questionable because there are still many cases of fraud and unfair business practices. Therefore, this study suggests the need for improvements to laws and regulations, increased consumer awareness, effective supervision, and cooperation between the government and business actors to improve consumer protection in e-commerce transactions in Indonesia.

Although Macaronis Beach in Silabu Village, North Pagai District, is well-known as one of the top surfing spots with reliable and difficult waves that draw surfers from all over the world, its marine tourism potential has not been completely realized. In light of this potential, the purpose of this study is to investigate the allure of maritime tourism in the Macaronis Resort region and how it affects visitor interest. This study uses qualitative approaches and collects data through interviews, documentation, data analysis, and direct observation. Two resort managers, two visitors, and the head of the surrounding community served as the study's informants. The results demonstrate Macaronis Beach's remarkable natural attractiveness, which includes white sand, crystal-clear seawater, and intact coral reefs. Additionally, Macaronis Resort offers a range of marine sports like surfing, snorkeling, and taking in the beautiful sea view, all of which are the main draws for guests. It also has sufficient facilities.

This study aims to describe the role of the Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) in increasing tourist interest in the religious tourism destination of Salib Kasih, located in Siatas Barita Subdistrict, North Tapanuli Regency. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings show that the UPT of Salib Kasih is responsible for maintaining cleanliness, managing facilities, collecting local government revenue (PAD), and organizing religious and cultural activities. Despite facing challenges such as limited budget and competition from emerging tourist destinations, the UPT continues to innovate by creating new photo spots and collaborating with local communities and related departments. The study concludes that the active role of the UPT significantly contributes to the attractiveness and comfort of the destination, thus enhancing tourists' interest in visiting Salib Kasih.

The research analyzes the impact of technology on Indonesia's national economy, focusing on GoTo's contribution as a leading technology company. GoTo, born from the merger of Gojek and Tokopedia, has created an innovative business model that connects consumers and businesses through an efficient digital platform. Secondary data analysis from LPEM FEB UI (2023), Aji (2023), Jerry (2023) SMERU Research Institute (2022), and other relevant sources, shows that GoTo makes a significant contribution to Indonesia's GDP, estimated at Rp349 trillion to Rp428 trillion in 2022, equivalent to 1.8% to 2.2% of total GDP. In addition, GoTo has empowered MSMEs by increasing average incomes by 30% for those in its ecosystem, created approximately 1.7 million jobs, and contributed to reducing income inequality by lowering the Gini coefficient by 4.43% in its operating regions. The research also underscores the importance of GoTo in facilitating increased value addition and business efficiency. Nonetheless, challenges such as the digital divide and the need for increased digital literacy remain a concern. By optimally utilizing the potential of the digital ecosystem and addressing existing challenges, Indonesia can achieve sustainable, inclusive, and equitable economic growth through the strategic role of technology companies like GoTo.

Reproductive health in adolescents needs more attention. This is in line with the increasing problem of reproductive health. Education about reproductive health among adolescents in the form of counseling or socialization is an effort to increase the level of knowledge and awareness. This socialization aims to increase the knowledge and insight of the students of SMA Negeri 1 Seram Barat regarding the importance of reproductive health and personal hygiene. This activity was carried out using counseling and discussion methods using power point and leaflet media. The evaluation was carried out from  the pre-test and post-test questionnaires  that had been filled out by the students. The results showed that the level of reproductive health knowledge in adolescent boys and girls increased after the socialization of reproductive health and the sons after the socialization of personal hygiene. However, the level of personal hygiene knowledge in adolescent girls has not changed. The importance of the role of parents to educate children is needed as well as support from health workers in order to be able to carry out health promotion related to reproductive health and personal hygiene.

This research examines how conceptual comprehension, mathematical reasoning, and problem solving affect computational thinking. 122 students from class XI SMA Negeri 1 Pematang Siantar were given essay assessments on conceptual comprehension, mathematical reasoning, problem solving, and computational thinking. AMOS version 21 was used to analyze the test using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This study found that conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning, and problem solving have a positive and significant effect on computational thinking ability with a contribution of 0.528. This means that 52.8% and 47.2% of computational thinking abilities are built by these three abilities, depending on other variables.

Alba, A. and Kurniawan, R. (2019) ‘Kebijakan Pemberian Bantuan Sosial Bagi Keluarga Miksin “Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara”’, UNIMAL Press, 1, pp. 1–128. Alviyah, E.N. et al. (2023) ‘Beasiswa KIP-K: Apakah Beasiswa Dapat Menjadi Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa?’, Journal of Creative Student Research, 1(2), Asyahbuddin, A. (2022) ‘Welfare Society Dalam Sistem Kesejahteraan Sosial Di Indonesia’, ICODEV: Indonesian Community Development Journal, 3(1), Elia, A. and Dkk (2023) Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dan Kuantitaif. Ilhami, M.W. et al. (2024) ‘Penerapan Metode Studi Kasus Dalam Penelitian Kualitatif’, Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 10(9), pp. 462–469. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11180129. Khaliq, M.N. (2024) ‘E-ISSN : 2792-0876 Demokrasi dan Kebijakan Publik dalam PP Nomor 21 Tahun 2024 Tentang Tabungan Penyelenggaraan Perumahan Rakyat’,          5(1),    pp 113–128.            Available        at: https://doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v5i1.1307. Kurniati, I.D. et al. (2015) ‘Buku Ajar’. Lamangida,  T.  (2015)  ‘Pengaruh  Program  Bantuan  Langsung  Sementara Masyarakat Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Dasar Masyarakat Miskin Di Desa Omayuwa Kecamatan Randangan Kabupaten Pohuwato Trisusanti Lamangida Program Studi Administrasi Publik , Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo’, Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan dan Pelayanan Publik, 1(2), pp. 193–202. Martins, E.K. and Toletina, N.T. (2024) ‘Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Program KIP-K Di Indonesia’, Professional: Jurnal Komunikasi dan Administrasi Publik,        11(1),  Pra-sejahtera, K. et al. (2025) ‘Pemanfaatan Dana KIPK untuk Mendukung Pendidikan Mahasiswa dari’. Rivai, A.B. (2017) ‘Kebijakan Afirmasi Pendidikan Tinggi Untuk Papua’, CosmoGo 1(2) p.266. Available        at: https://doi.org/10.24198/cosmogov.v1i2.11838. Suryani, A.S. (2018) ‘Pengaruh Kualitas Lingkungan Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Dasar di Provinsi Banten’, Jurnal Aspirasi, 9(1), pp. 35–63. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22212/aspirasi.v9i1.99

The problem of accessibility and efficiency of book search is still a major challenge in school libraries, especially those that still rely on manual systems. This study aims to implement and test the effectiveness of an information retrieval system (IRS) based on the Dice Similarity method in the SMA Negeri 1 Siantan Library, West Kalimantan. The research method used is experimental descriptive quantitative, with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation, as well as system testing on collection data and library user activities. The system was developed using the Laravel framework and MySQL database, and evaluated using precision and recall metrics. The results showed that the system has a Precision value of 100% and a variable Recall value, with the highest value of 66.66% and the lowest of 14.28%. The implementation of this system significantly speeds up the search process, minimizes recording errors, and increases user satisfaction. The findings recommend the adoption of Dice Similarity-based IRS as an applicable solution for school libraries in supporting literacy and easy access to information. The findings are expected to be a reference for the development of library information systems in educational environments with limited resources.

In this study, the population growth rate of Pematang Siantar City during the period 2022–2025 is discussed through an improper integral approach. Population growth patterns must be analyzed and predicted in the long term. Linear, geometric, and exponential growth models are used to analyze data taken from the Statistics Center. The calculation results show that the population growth rate changes every year, with an average change of 0.10% per year. The prediction for 2025–2026 shows a growth of 0.59%, indicating an increase in population. However, through an improper integral approach, it is found that a population that experiences a decrease in growth rate over time will reach a limited cumulative total population value, even if the population continues to increase. These results indicate that a long-term downward trend can lead to population shrinkage, uncontrolled growth can lead to population density. As a result, this study is expected to provide a scientific basis for population policies and sustainable development planning in Pematang Siantar City.

This study aims to examine the effect of idle time on the productivity of dry bulk loading and unloading activities at the Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE). The research employed a quantitative correlational approach, with data collection techniques including observation, documentation, and company records. The research sample consisted of 12 vessels engaged in loading and unloading at Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE) port during the period from January to July 2024. The analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of -0.16, indicating a very weak negative relationship between idle time and productivity. The coefficient of determination, at 2.56%, suggests that idle time contributes only marginally to productivity, while the remainder is influenced by other factors. The factors affecting idle time include weather conditions, equipment failures, and truck delays. The conclusion indicates that while idle time does impact productivity, the effect is not statistically significant..    

The role of Cargo Handling on the Loading and Unloading Process at PT Terminal Teluk Lamong is very important for the loading and unloading process at the port. This research aims to identify various technical and non technical obstacles in the operation of cargo handling equipment such as ASC, forklift, and reach stacker. The interview results showed that there are four main factors that become obstacles in the loading and unloading process, namely machines, methods, facilities, and manpower. Further analysis using fishbone diagrams reinforced these findings by outlining the causes of each factor, ranging from machine interference, wrong container placement methods, limited technological facilities such as Container Scanner Reader (CSR), to the driver’s lack of understanding of the automation system. Quantitatively, the efficiency of cargo handling was evaluated through the 2023 container throughput, which showed a positive trend with a significant increase in load activity, especially in October which recorded the highest number of 39.106 Boxes. The analysis concluded that although there are various obstacles in cargo handling practices, the system implemented by PT Terminal Teluk Lamong has generally been able to improve the efficiency of the loading and unloading process, as evidenced by the volume of container handling.