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Narcotics misuse and distribution have become so pervasive that everyone is now a victim. This study aims to "identify, clarify, and analyze the enforcement of laws against juvenile offenders of drug abuse in the Bandar Lampung area. It also examines the factors that contribute to juvenile offenders of drug abuse." With the normative juridical approach research was the methodology adopted for this analysis. Deductive reasoning techniques are employed in conjunction with normative legal research as the approach method for this article. The study's findings indicate that legal substances, legal institutions, legal environments, and legal cultures all have an impact on children's decisions to abuse drugs. The child's internal factors are the most significant ones. It has been successful to utilize law enforcement to stop those who abuse drugs on minors. It is the responsibility of parents to properly educate their children so that they are not susceptible to peer pressure to break the law.    

This study aims to explore the experience of pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets and the role of husband support in the prevention of anemia in Bukittinggi City. The problem faced is the high rate of anemia in pregnant women in this region, which is caused by the low compliance of mothers in taking Fe tablets regularly. With a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with pregnant women undergoing the Fe tablet supplement program to understand how their husband's support affected their compliance. The results showed that husband support had an important role in improving pregnant women's compliance, especially through emotional support, reminders, and encouragement in overcoming side effects that mothers often experience during Fe tablet consumption. Husband's support plays a significant role in maintaining the consistency of pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets, which has a positive impact on efforts to prevent anemia. The existence of a husband as a companion provides additional motivation for mothers to be disciplined in undergoing this health program. To increase the effectiveness of the anemia prevention program, it is recommended that health workers involve their husbands in health education for pregnant women regarding the importance of consuming Fe tablets. Maternal and child health programs should include a family approach, especially by increasing husbands' participation in pregnancy classes and counseling sessions, so that support for pregnant women can be maximized.

The evaluation of trainer performance plays a critical role in maintaining the quality and reputation of LKP Bina Karya Mandiri as a non-formal training institution. This study aims to assess trainer performance objectively using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method as part of a Decision Support Sistem (DSS). A descriptive-quantitative approach was employed through a case study involving five trainers: Wasito, Diah Rita Sari, Ahmad Jayadi, Bayu Adi Guna, and Komarudin. Data were collected through observation and surveys based on four primary criteria: Material Mastery, Teaching Methods, Participant Satisfaction, and Discipline, each assigned a predetermined weight. The findings indicate that the SAW method effectively transforms performance data into a structured and interpretable ranking. Based on preference value calculations, Bayu Adi Guna achieved the highest score of 0.935, followed by Wasito, Komarudin, Ahmad Jayadi, and Diah Rita Sari. These results demonstrate that SAW is a reliable tool for supporting decision-making in trainer performance evaluation. The implications of this study suggest that training institutions can adopt SAW to enhance objectivity, transparency, and efficiency in performance assessments, thereby strengthening human resource management practices.

At the beginning of 2020 the world was shocked by a new virus thought to have originated from Wuhan, China. named 2019 Novel Corona virus. The World Health Organization (WHO) names the new virus as corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19), that health workers, both doctors, nurses and hospital administration staff, need legal protection from the government. Health workers are willing to devote themselves to serving public health and even sacrifice their lives and those of their families to tackle the spread of Covid-19. The formulation of the problem in this study is How is legal protection for health workers and the Covid-19 acceleration task force? and How is the form of guidance and supervision of the implementation of Covid-19 prevention services, the method used is a normative juridical approach. The work safety of health workers due to the Covid-19 pandemic has not been carried out properly as mandated in laws and regulations, in the implementation of the rights of health workers During the Covid-19 pandemic, it is still neglected and has not been fulfilled. Therefore, the role and responsibility of the government is needed to fulfill the rights of health workers as the frontline.

Crimes that often occur in cyberspace are crimes that are relatively new, cybercrime is growing rapidly along with the development of internet technology that is happening today. The spread of hoaxes during the Covid 19 pandemic has become a big problem because many people believe hoaxes, causing the handling of Covid 19 to be very slow and causing many victims. The Covid 19 pandemic has forced all people in the world, including Indonesia, to be comfortable living side by side with Covid 19. This research uses a normative legal research method using a statutory approach. The main source of this research is regulations. The results of this study indicate several crimes that can be used as protection by consumers who experience losses due to fake news amid the Covid 19 pandemic, namely Article 14 paragraph (1), paragraph (2), Article 15 Article 14 paragraph (1) and Article 45A paragraph (1). ) and (2), and article 28 of Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions.

This research aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. H.M Sampoerna Tbk based on financial ratio data from 2018 to 2022. The study adopts a quantitative approach using a descriptive study method by collecting and analyzing the company's financial data. Liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios are utilized to measure the financial performance of the company. The findings indicate that there are variations in the company's financial performance during the research period. Nonetheless, the company still records adequate net profit and returns. However, it is crucial for the company to enhance liquidity management, carefully manage debt, and improve operational efficiency to achieve sustainable growth in the future.

Regional autonomy can indeed bring about positive changes in the regions in terms of regional authority to self-regulate. Tax is a source of state or regional revenue that is paid by the community as a collection fee that can be imposed by the government based on applicable regulations. The aims of the research are a) to find out how effective the revenue from the restaurant tax sector, hotel tax, and street lighting tax are Regional Own Revenue in Langsa City, b) to find out what factors are inhibiting the revenue from the restaurant, hotel, and street lighting tax sector as income. Original area and government efforts to overcome obstacles in the restaurant tax revenue sector, this study uses a qualitative approach. The effectiveness of tax revenue from the restaurant sector, hotel sector, and the tourism sector from 2016-2020 from the results of the data that the researchers obtained, there were still achievements in accordance with the targets set by the government, such as from the tourism sector, this was due to the constraints of the Covid-19 virus outbreak so that there is implementation on a large scale so that the tourism sector does not get a nominal amount as Regional Original Income. In its application, there are inhibiting factors, including the names of restaurants and hotels that have not been recorded by the Regional Original Revenue Service, so that the effectiveness in receiving both types of taxes is not fully maximized.

This study aims to pinpoint the variables that affect how people make financial decisions in the future. Future financial decisions, saving choices, and trust in banking institutions are the three variables we use in this study. 197 junior high school teachers from the Bandung region participated in the study. Multivariate Regression is the analytical approach used, and it can be used to assess the influence of independent variables on dependent variables. The results demonstrate a strong positive relationship between current saving decision variables and future financial decision variables. Similar to this, varying levels of trust in financial organisations have a lot of favourable effects. These findings imply that people have a greater propensity to save when they are motivated to do so. People who have confidence in financial institutions will manage their money prudently going forward.    

Ujung Batu Beach has the potential to become a tourist destination. This potential, however, has not been completely realized. This community service project is intended to assist managers and the community in identifying existing potential. Location determination, work program determination, work program realization, and work program evaluation are the approaches used. This dedication has resulted in the production of supporting facilities such as signage, swings, flower pots, and garden seats. Furthermore, socialization was provided to the community so that it might play an active role in boosting tourist attraction.

This devotion aims to investigate the effectiveness of the activities of the Ampar Buku through the library around in growing reading interest in children in the Community Reading Center. The method of implementation used in the activities of the community to the community is with a participatory approach. The program results show that the activities of the Ampar Buku through the bookmobile have a positive impact in increasing reading interest in children. Children show high enthusiasm to this activity and look more active and excited when the activity is implemented. In conclusion, the activities of the Ampar Buku through the bookmobile has great potential in increasing children's interest in the reading of the Community Reading Center and also recommends to expand and continue the program to achieve a significant impact in the development of child literacy.

Community Service Activities are one of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education that must be implemented. This community service activity was held in Karunia Village, PaloloDistrict, Sigi The method used is the mentoring and training approach or the Participatory Learning Process. Canuna Village. So the purpose of this Community Service Activity is to provide material understanding of the importance of the leadership spirit of the younger generation through entrepreneurship. The results of the Community Service mean that community service activities like this are very beneficial for the village community in growing the leadership spirit of the younger generation. Participants in this activity were youth and community leaders. Participants were very enthusiastic about following the material through lectures, questions and answers and discussions, suggestions that can be given to the Village.

The purpose of this study is to find out how interpersonal communication strategies of teachers and students in learning activities in PAUD TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan Baturube, North Bungku District, North Morowali Regency. The research method used is qualitative research with a descriptive abbreviation which aims to provide an overview of the extent of teacher and student interpersonal communication strategies in learning activities in PAUD TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan Baturube District. North Bungku, North Morowali Regency. The data analysis technique used is triangulation which consists of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the interpersonal communication strategies used in PAUD Dharma Wanita Persatuan Baturube, among others, were a. Approach b. Storytelling, c. Play, d. Questions and Answers, e. and Lectures. Thus, interpersonal communication strategies between teachers and students in providing educational materials in teaching and learning activities at PAUD Dharma Wanita Persatuan Baturube are considered effective when communication planning is carried out according to obligations in accordance with the regulatory system adopted by PAUD Dharma Wanita Persatuan Baturube and reaches an understanding for the realization of common goals and goals..

Deficit funding for the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) is an important challenge for the government in maintaining fiscal stability and supporting development policies. In order to find an effective funding alternative, the issuance of state bonds has become an option. This study aims to analyze the position of issuing state bonds as an alternative to funding the state budget deficit. This study uses a descriptive-analytical approach by collecting data from various related sources. The analysis was carried out through a literature review, data from the Indonesian Ministry of Finance, and regulations regarding the issuance of Government Bonds. The results of the study show that the issuance of state bonds has several benefits as an alternative to financing the state budget deficit, namely diversifying government funding sources, reducing dependence on tax revenues and other income, providing flexibility in the schedule of interest and principal payments, in accordance with the government's financial capacity, attracting investor participation. institutional and retail, increasing financial market liquidity. APBN Deficit Funding is dominated by State Bonds, which of course the issuance of state bonds as an instrument for funding the APBN deficit makes fiscal space narrow. When the space for fiscal movement becomes limited, it means that the government faces limitations in collecting revenue or in managing government spending.    

The Toba Batak tribe has a distinctive fabric known as ulos. Toba Batak ulos have types depending on their uses. But in the modern era, especially among urban communities, very few people know the types and uses. Motivated by the success of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm in image classification, this study will conduct a learning-based approach to classify 5 types of Toba Batak ulos (Ragi Hidup, Ragi Hotang, Mangiring, Sadum, and Sibolang). The process starts from data collection, data analysis, model building, model training, and confusion matrix. The dataset used is 1000 images with 80% training data, 10% valid data, and 10% test data. Convolution, maxpooling, dropout, flatten, and fully connected are the 5 layers forming the CNN model. The optimizer used is Adam with a learning rate of 0.001. The model generated in this study can detect Toba Batak ulos images at an accuracy rate of 94.00%.    

The term history comes from Arabic, namely from the word syajaratun (pronounced syajarah), which means a tree of wood. The meaning of a wooden tree here is the existence of an event, development or growth of something (event) in a continuity (continuity). In another sense, history is not always defined by past (history is past actuality). Only in a general sense is the reality of the past. As for the social (social) itself can be interpreted with regard to interpersonal behavior, or related to social processes. But seen in social science, the word social refers to its object, namely society. When combined between history and social, it can be interpreted as the past reality of a society regarding behavior and all the processes that occurred in society. Social history is history that focuses attention on neglected, alienated, or marginalized people who are actors of social history. The roles of the community in an event in the past are the focus of the discussion of social history. This study aims to examine the social development of Indonesian society throughout history. Use a qualitative approach and include information from secondary data sources, previous research or existing knowledge of organizations and institutions. The data collection method used by the author in this article, the author uses the library method (path search). The library method is a method used to collect information from books and magazines. Where this social history is populist. Thus it is very different from conventional political history which is elitist in nature. It can be said that without social history, the existence of economic history will feel bland and shallow because social history provides the necessary link in economic history where the scope can cover the daily life of the inhabitants of an area in the past, which includes humans with different economic relationships. -different.

The main objective of this research is to find out whether there is an effect of the Differentiated Learning Model on Speaking Literacy in Indonesian Class X, SMAN 1 Pangkep. This study uses a quantitative approach to the type of experimental research. The population used in this study was class X SMAN 1 Pangkep by taking two sample classes, namely the experimental class was class X Amanah which had a total of 35 students and the control class was class X Creative which had a total of 36 students. The data collection technique used was; written test and speaking test, observation, and interview. Data analysis consists of Descriptive Statistics and Inferential Statistics.The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence between the differentiated learning model and speaking literacy in Indonesian language class X at SMAN 1 Pangkep. As seen from the Mann Whitney test, information is obtained that the average control is 81.3056 with a standard deviation of 7.285 while for experiments, the average value is obtained -an average of 79.0571 with a standard deviation of 6.978. The mean difference of 2.2485 is positive, thus information is obtained that the control value is greater than the experimental value. Although the control is larger than the experiment, the sig. shows a number of 0.302, the value is > 0.05 where H0 is accepted and H1 is rejected, which means that there is no difference in the average control with the experiment. Based on information that the average control is 80,194 with a standard deviation of 6,440 while for the experiment, the average value is 90,028 with a standard deviation of 5,586. The mean difference of -9,834 is negative, thus information is obtained that the control value is smaller than the experimental value. Besides that, the value of sig. shows a number of 0.000, the value is <0.05 where H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means that there is an average difference between the control and the experiment. This proves that the differentiated learning model in learning Indonesian has an influence compared to before using the differentiated learning model.    

Hospital service quality can be seen from the professional appearance of hospital personnel, efficiency and effectiveness of services and patient satisfaction. Communication was very important for nurses in interacting with clines. Clines satisfaction is a level of patient feeling that arises as a result of health services performance obtained after patient compares it with expectation. clines satisfaction was determined by the overall service provided in patient or family complaints. The study was to determine the relationship between nurse communication and postoperative clines satisfaction at Medan Hospital.The research design used analytical survey method with a Cross-Sectional approach. The population in this study were postoperative patients totaling 477 respondents. The sampling used is purposive sampling, namely taking for a purpose by determining certain characteristics that are considered representative of the population, sampling is the slovin technique, totaling 83 respondents.The results of the analysis using the Chi-Square test showed that the significant probability value (Asymp.Sign) of nurse communication was 0.002 < sig value .05, this proves that there was a relationship between nurse communication and clines satisfaction at Medan Hospital.The conclusion was that statistically a relationship between nurse communication with postoperative clines at Medan Hospital. It is recommended for nurses to maintain communication therapeutic nurse to obtain quality health services for postoperative patients.                                                 

This study aims to determine the effect of hotel image and trust on guest loyalty at Grand Basko Hotel Padang. This research method uses quantitative descriptive research with a causal associative approach, data collected through surveys of guests who have stayed at Grand Basko Hotel Padang using 98 respondents from a population of 7,560 guests staying at Grand Basko Hotel Padang because the sample determination based on the type of non-probability sampling used is purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of data analysis using Smart PLS with the results of Cronbach's each variable 4.245, 9.506 and 4.446 shows that hotel image has a positive and significant effect on guest loyalty, as well as hotel image has a positive and significant effect on trust and trust also has a positive and significant effect on guest loyalty, on the mediating variable hotel image has a direct effect on customer loyalty and indirectly affects customer loyalty through trust as the mediating variable.

Today's technological developments require the world of education to immigrate by adjusting developments. Technology is an important part of the learning process, including for Islamic Religious Education teachers. This type of research is qualitative, with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique is by carrying out data reduction, presenting data and ending with data verification. The results obtained that training activities on the use of information communication technology for PAI teachers have been carried out at SD Negeri Sugiraya. This information and communication technology has become an important need in the PAI learning process. Teachers are given the opportunity to learn to develop information and communication technology skills that are beneficial in their learning process and in their daily lives as well as learning programs in educational institutions need to implement information system-based learning. Integrating information and communication technology into learning, among others, to improve teacher competence in teaching and improve the quality of learner learning. Innovative information and communication technology can improve what is being done now, as well as what we have not yet started using information and communication technology.

The concept of the smart city has emerged as a strategic response to rapid urbanization, increasing population density, and escalating environmental degradation. It is designed to create more efficient urban management through the integration of information and communication technologies, with the primary goal of enhancing public services, optimizing resource use, and improving citizens’ quality of life. One of its most significant promises is its potential to mitigate ecological challenges, particularly in monitoring and reducing air pollution levels. This study aims to analyze the impact of smart city implementation on urban ecology and quality of life, focusing on air quality as a key indicator. A quantitative comparative approach was applied, using both primary data from air quality measurements PM2.5, CO₂, NO₂, and AQI and secondary data from government reports, environmental agencies, and academic publications. The research was conducted in five major Asian cities recognized for adopting smart city initiatives. The results reveal varied outcomes: Tokyo and Kuala Lumpur demonstrated substantial improvements in air quality and livability, while Beijing and New Delhi continued to struggle with severe pollution. Jakarta showed partial progress, though improvements remain limited. These findings indicate that while technology is critical, it alone does not ensure ecological sustainability. Effective governance, public participation, and context-based strategies are equally crucial. This study highlights the need for smart city policies to prioritize ecological resilience and human well-being as central elements of sustainable urban development.