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This research aims to determine whether there is a positive and significant influence of parental attention on the learning achievement of class V students at Brangkal 2 Elementary School. This is motivated by the problems faced by students in class V of Brangkal State Elementary School 2 during the learning process at school, namely (1) lack of attention from parents, (2) there are students who do not want to study alone at home. This research is quantitative research using an Ex Post Facto approach. The population in this study was all students at Brangkal 2 Elementary School, totaling 152 students. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique, namely all class V students of Brangkal 2 State Elementary School. The data collection technique in this research uses a questionnaire with a Likert Scale. The data obtained is in the form of questionnaire results and documentation results. The data analysis techniques used are Normality Test, Linearity Test, Simple Linear Regression Test, and Coefficient of Determination. The results of this study show that there is an influence between parental attention and the learning achievement of class V students at Brangkal 2 Elementary School as evidenced by the results of calculating significant values ​​from simple regression calculations with a value of 0.001 which is less than 0.05 and a calculated t value > t table of 3.683 is greater than 1.697, meaning that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So it can be concluded that parental attention influences the learning achievement of class V students at SD Negeri 2 Brangkal.

Language has a very important role in human life as a means of daily communication, especially in speaking. Speaking is a way for someone to convey their meaning to another person using words, so that they can be understood. This skill is very crucial, especially for children in elementary school. However, many elementary school students still have difficulty speaking or conveying their ideas and opinions. To overcome this, it is necessary to use learning media that can help develop students' speaking skills. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach and a type of library research, which collects data from related scientific papers. The results of the literature study show that the use of flash cards as a learning medium can be effective in improving students' speaking skills at the elementary school level. Flash cards contain text, vocabulary, or symbols that help students convey information orally more easily and clearly.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of differentiated science learning on spring energy material in elementary schools. This qualitative research with a case study design involved one class IV consisting of 28 students (14 males, 14 females) with a distribution of learning styles: 8 visual students (28.57%), 7 auditory students (25%), and 9 kinesthetic students (32.14%). Data collection was carried out through learning observations, in-depth interviews with 6 students representing the three learning styles, and analysis of learning documentation. The results showed that the level of learning implementation reached 90% conformity with the developed teaching module. The achievement of learning outcomes showed consistency, with an average score of 85 for each learning style group. Interviews revealed positive student responses to learning that was fun and made it easier to understand the material. The success of the implementation was supported by thorough teacher preparation and the availability of diverse learning media. However, there were challenges in terms of limited preparation time and the complexity of classroom management. This study proves the effectiveness of differentiated science learning in accommodating the diversity of elementary school students' learning styles.

Pushover analysis is a procedure to determine the collapse behavior of a building in an earthquake. The pushover analysis method is widely used by high-level building planners who rely on performance-based planning. The aim of this research is to become a reference in evaluating the collapse performance and behavior of buildings. This research was carried out using SAP2000 software where the structure was modeled in three dimensions. After carrying out the initial load analysis and stress examination, the analysis results showed that the behavior of the building structure was non-linear. This occurs under conditions of higher loads or significant deformation. So the results obtained in the X direction, the maximum displacement value obtained is 0,014410 m achieved with a base shear of 64.746,662 kN. In step 7, collapse (C) occurs in one of the structures marked with a yellow dot. Meanwhile in the Y direction, the displacement obtained is 0,15 m with a base shear of 58.897,495 kN. Based on the structural performance classification according to ATC-40, both in the X direction and Y direction, the building structure is included in the "Immediate Occupancy" category. This means that the structure is able to maintain its function without experiencing significant damage at the given load level. This level of performance is still well below the “Collapse Prevention (CP) limit, meaning that the structure is considered safe under these conditions.

This research is part of an effort to solve waste management issues in Sleman Regency, focusing on measuring and evaluating the Zero Waste Index (ZWI) in the Green Open Space (RTH) Denggung, Sleman. The resource substitution method was used to assess the efficiency and potential for waste reduction in the area. Based on field data and calculations using the ZWI formula, it was found that the ZWI value in RTH Denggung is very low, only 0.14, meaning that only about 14% of resources are recovered from the waste management system. This indicates that waste management in the area is not yet optimal, necessitating improvement and innovation efforts. The proposed strategies include enhancing the recycling of plastic, paper, and styrofoam waste, as well as developing composting for food scraps and other organic waste. The implementation of stricter policies related to waste management, public awareness campaigns, and the integration of zero waste initiatives are expected to improve the ZWI value. This effort is hoped to be part of the solution to waste management in Indonesia and serve as a best practice example for waste management in RTH or other public spaces..

Youth face complex psychosocial challenges amid rapid social, economic, and technological changes. One key strategy for addressing these challenges is strengthening resilience, particularly spiritual resilience. Spiritual resilience refers to an individual’s ability to endure and recover from life’s difficulties through the power of faith, life meaning, and spiritual values. This study aims to examine the concept of spiritual resilience in youth through a cognitive-behavioral psychology (CBT) approach using a literature review method. The analysis draws upon various scholarly sources that explore the relationship between CBT mechanisms and the development of spirituality. The findings indicate that integrating CBT with spiritual values, including within a Christian context, can enhance youth’s mental endurance, assist in restructuring negative cognitions, and support mental health and spiritual growth. This approach offers a holistic and contextual intervention framework to help youth more effectively cope with stress, anxiety, and identity crises.

The problem of evil remains one of the most persistent and challenging issues in Christian philosophy. This paper explores the philosophical dimensions of suffering through a Christian lens, focusing on the paradox of divine goodness in the presence of moral and natural evil. Drawing from classical theodicy and contemporary Catholic thought, the study examines how the mystery of the Cross offers a unique theological and philosophical response to suffering. Special attention is given to the thought of Augustine, Aquinas, and modern Catholic philosophers such as Henri de Lubac and Josef Pieper. The paper argues that Christian philosophy does not attempt to explain away suffering but rather provides a framework in which suffering can be redemptive, meaningful, and even transformative when united with the suffering of Christ. By grounding human suffering within the narrative of salvation history, Christian philosophy affirms that evil does not have the final word. The research also reflects on the existential implications of hope, patience, and grace in enduring suffering, making a case for a distinctly Christian metaphysical response to theodicy. This study contributes to ongoing discussions in Christian existentialism, ethics, and metaphysics by reaffirming the coherence of faith and reason in addressing one of the deepest human questions.

This study investigates the legal protections available for victims of domestic violence in Indonesia. It comprehensively analyses existing laws, policies, and support systems designed to safeguard victims and hold perpetrators accountable. The research highlights significant gaps in legal protections, including the inadequacy of current legislation, enforcement challenges faced by law enforcement agencies, and the societal stigma that victims often encounter. Through qualitative methods, including interviews with legal experts, social workers, and victims and a thorough review of relevant case law, the study aims to identify the barriers that prevent victims from accessing justice. Key findings reveal that while some legal frameworks are in place, they often lack effective implementation, leaving many victims vulnerable. Additionally, the research emphasizes the need for a more coordinated response among various stakeholders, including government agencies, NGOs, and community organizations, to create a supportive environment for victims. Recommendations for improving legal frameworks and support services are presented, aiming to ensure that victims receive adequate protection and have meaningful access to justice. By addressing these issues, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on enhancing legal protections for domestic violence victims in Indonesia.

The WO (Weaknesses-Opportunities) strategy focuses on overcoming weaknesses such as limited supporting facilities and lack of promotion by taking advantage of external opportunities such as high interest in religious tourism and promotion through print and digital media. This involves increasing promotion and marketing and developing attractive religious tourism programs. The WT (Weaknesses-Threats) strategy focuses on overcoming internal weaknesses, such as limited supporting facilities and competition from other tourist destinations, by facing external threats, such as cultural values ​​and economic uncertainty changes. This involves investment in developing tourism infrastructure and improving the quality of services at Nyai Brintik Tomb. By implementing these strategies, it is hoped that the potential for religious tourism at the Nyai Brintik Tomb can be optimized effectively, increasing the number of tourist visits, increasing tourism income, and strengthening local cultural identity. Apart from that, the development of religious tourism at the Nyai Brintik Tomb can also contribute to the sustainable development of the Mount Brintik area as a whole by paying attention to aspects of environmental preservation, local economic development and community empowerment. Thus, the Nyai Brintik Tomb has the potential to become one of the leading religious tourism destinations in the city of Semarang, attracting visitors from various groups and providing a memorable and meaningful tourist experience.

This study aims to analyze the impact of self-esteem (HD) on dating violence (DV) using simple linear regression analysis. The results show that there is a significant relationship between HD and DV, with an unstandardized regression coefficient of 0.992, meaning that every one-unit increase in HD is expected to cause a 0.992-unit increase in DV. Although this relationship is statistically significant, the correlation coefficient (R) of 0.310 indicates that the effect of HD on DV is relatively weak. This suggests that while there is a positive relationship between the two variables, the strength of the relationship is not substantial enough to have a major impact on DV. Previous research also shows similar findings, where the relationship is significant but weak. A limitation of this study lies in the use of a simple linear regression model that includes only one independent variable. Therefore, further research using multiple regression models is recommended, incorporating additional variables that may have a greater impact on DV. This study provides an initial understanding of the relationship between self-esteem and dating violence, but further development is needed to strengthen the findings.

This study explores the semantic dimensions and symbolic meanings found in Buddhist religious texts by applying a hermeneutic analysis to the concept of dukkha in the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta. Commonly translated as suffering, dukkha carries broader existential implications, such as dissatisfaction, impermanence, and the inherent unsatisfactory nature of existence. Employing a qualitative hermeneutic approach combined with semantic and semiotic analysis, the research identifies three interconnected layers of meaning within dukkha: the literal level, referring to physical and mental suffering; the contextual level, which reflects the human existential condition; and the spiritual level, where dukkha becomes a gateway toward liberation. The results indicate that a nuanced understanding of the semantic richness of dukkha is crucial for a deeper comprehension of the Four Noble Truths as the core framework of Buddhist doctrine. This study contributes to interdisciplinary discourse among linguistics, religious studies, and Buddhist practice, emphasizing that sacred language functions not only to convey doctrine but also to encourage inner reflection and spiritual transformation.

The aim of this activity is to (1) determine the impact of globalization of education on the quality of learning in class V of MIN 1 Langkat (2) determine the efforts and strategic steps towards the quality of learning in class V A of MIN 1 Langkat in the era of digital globalization. The results of this research are: 1) The impact of globalization in the digital era on the quality of learning in class V A of MIN 1 Langkat consists of two impacts, namely positive impacts and negative impacts. Positive impacts include globalization providing opportunities for educators and students to learn science and technology as a learning reference. Meanwhile, negative impacts include teachers not yet 100% implementing digital-based learning in schools because the availability of learning technology in schools is still incomplete. Several efforts that can be made and strategic steps in learning are divided into three activities with several stages, namely (a) Preliminary activities in the form of a phase of getting used to class order, motivation and advice. (b) Core activities include four stages, namely the understanding or reasoning stage, the application stage and the meaning stage. (c) The closing activity is evaluation and reflection between students and teachers regarding the implementation of learning in class V A of MIN 1 Langkat Tanjung Pura.Abstract and Keywords must be written in English, in italic style, and contain a brief description of the research background, objectives, methods, findings, and implications. The abstract is written in one paragraph with a single space (maximum 200 words), without any reference or formula.

The purpose of this research is to find out the values contained in the gayo community's berguru event and the content of the da'wah to be conveyed in the berguru event in customary law for the gayo community. The research method used is descriptive research with a leatherative approach. The values contained in the gayo community's berguru event are the value of aqidah education, meaning that in the berguru event, the bride and groom are taught that aqidah in the household is very important, so that the purpose of husband and wife in marriage can be achieved to get benefits and perfectly become an ideal family from the marriage. The value of worship education means that in the berguru event, the bride and groom are taught that Islam prescribes marriage to form a family as a means to achieve happiness in life. The value of moral education is that gayo customs attach great importance to good morals (noble morals). The content of da'wah in berguru is to give advice and remind the values and principles of Islamic teachings to the prospective bride and groom by the imam of each village. The most important da'wah content is to provide lessons on creed, worship and shari'ah as well as physical and spiritual needs.

Canon 573 of the Code of Canon Law provides valuable guidance for religious life, especially for those who follow Passionist spirituality. This spirituality, which focuses on the suffering and redemption of Christ, has deep meaning and provides direction for many individuals committed to lives of service and devotion. Canon 573, with its provisions, serves as a pillar that not only regulates the formal aspects of religious life but also enriches and deepens the spiritual experience of its followers. In this spiritual journey, Canon 573 emphasizes the importance of living in community, carrying out religious vows, and dedicating oneself fully to God and others. Through a deep understanding of Canon 573, followers of Passionist spirituality can find a strong foundation for living a life in harmony with the teachings of Christ. This article aims to dig deeper into how Canon 573 can be an authentic guide in living out Passionist spirituality. By exploring the principles contained in this canon, we can understand how they apply to everyday life, enrich the journey of faith, and form a solid community committed to Christian values.

Canon 573 of the Code of Canon Law provides valuable guidance for religious life, especially for those who follow Passionist spirituality. This spirituality, which focuses on the suffering and redemption of Christ, has deep meaning and provides direction for many individuals committed to lives of service and devotion. Canon 573, with its provisions, serves as a pillar that not only regulates the formal aspects of religious life but also enriches and deepens the spiritual experience of its followers. In this spiritual journey, Canon 573 emphasizes the importance of living in community, carrying out religious vows, and dedicating oneself fully to God and others. Through a deep understanding of Canon 573, followers of Passionist spirituality can find a strong foundation for living a life in harmony with the teachings of Christ. This article aims to dig deeper into how Canon 573 can be an authentic guide in living out Passionist spirituality. By exploring the principles contained in this canon, we can understand how they apply to everyday life, enrich the journey of faith, and form a solid community committed to Christian values.

Background: Prevention efforts and the impacts caused by drug abuse in the modern era and today's advanced technology remain a priority. This increase is indicated by the increasing number of drug users from various groups, especially students. The aim of community service is to provide counseling or education on the risks and prevention efforts of drug abuse to students at SMKN 7 Lhokseumawe city. Method:This activity uses the socratic method. Data based on the pre-test and post-test were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The activity was held on March 18 2024 at SMKN 7 Lhokseumawe City with a total of 35 male students ranging in age from 15 – 18 years. Results: the results obtained from pre-test data were low knowledge about types of drugs where 20% of students mentioned marijuana, 5% said crystal methamphetamine and 75% had heard of but did not understand drugs. Meanwhile, the post-test results showed that students were able to explain the meaning of drugs with a score of 93 and very low results were not able to explain the signs and symptoms of drug users with a score of 75. Conclusion: the conclusion was that there was an increase in students' knowledge about drugs. This is proven by the fact that 25% of students were able to explain the types of drugs when the pre-test increased to 90% compared to the post-test, with a maximum score of 100, an average score of 80 was obtained.

Meaningful learning is analyzed through the interaction between learning subjects and the episteme framework of education. This research is to determine the interpretive activities of causality of the relationship between 3 (three) dimensions of the subject phenomenological analysis model (ethnographic context of learning) and determine the influence of the meaningful process of interaction between learning subjects. So that this approach model uses several observations of semiotic analysis variables, gestures, and interpersonal relationships. It also seeks to translate between interactions, semiotic resources, and meaning-making. Analysis using the theory of Meaningful Learning Ausubel model learning at Islamic Junior High School Al-Azhar 15 in Cilacap. To determine the meaningfulness of the interaction of learning the Mathematics Ecomathrigi model, data collection techniques use observation, documentation, and interviews. The results are there was a significant mutual influence between students-teachers-artifacts in the meaningfulness of mathematics learning; The significant influence is also due to the use of the Ecomathrigi model learning approach in building learning interaction; The consequences of the significant influence of cognitive structure on new students on alumni perspectives on mathematics learning, teachers and schools.

Pancasila, as the state foundation and ideology of the Indonesian nation, not only functions as a guide to national and state life, but also as a philosophical system that underlies the outlook on life, ideals and values ​​held by Indonesian society. As a philosophical system, Pancasila contains five interrelated principles and forms an integral framework for thinking. These five precepts reflect universal noble values ​​and contain moral principles that can be applied in various aspects of life. This study aims to analyze Pancasila as a philosophical system, explore the deep meaning of each principle, and understand its relevance and application in the context of modern life. Through a philosophical approach, it is hoped that this research can strengthen understanding of Pancasila as a moral and ethical foundation, as well as a guide in developing a just, prosperous and dignified society.  

This research discusses in depth the concept of the state, the goals of the state, and the basic urgency of the state. The concept of the state includes the meaning, constituent elements, and role of the state in people's lives. The goals of the state are explored through various perspectives, ranging from security goals to societal welfare. Next, the basic urgency of the state is outlined by highlighting the importance of a strong philosophical and constitutional foundation in shaping state identity and policies. This study emphasizes that a comprehensive understanding of the concepts, goals and foundations of the state is very important to maintain the stability and progress of a country. Through theoretical analysis and literature review, this research provides critical insights for policy makers and academics in efforts to strengthen the country's foundations.    

Land is something that is very meaningful for the lives of living creatures, especially humans, from the past until the future. Therefore, it is important to have clear legal rules to regulate it. In Article 16 paragraph (1) of the UUPA, there are several types of land rights, namely: Ownership Rights, Cultivation Rights, Building Use Rights, and Use Rights, Rental Rights, Land Clearance Rights, and Forest Product Harvesting Rights. Land rights are rights owned by every land owner provided they have a certificate as strong evidence. Property rights are the strongest and most fulfilled rights. Business entities in the form of limited liability companies are currently in great demand, but problems often occur regarding land use due to the reduction in the status of Land Ownership Rights to Building Use Rights experienced by limited liability companies. The transition process also often experiences obstacles. For this reason, this research uses normative juridical research methods which focus on studying the application of rules or norms in positive law with a statutory approach and legal norms relating to land rights by Limited Liability Companies.