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According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia number 13 of 1998 concerning elderly welfare, an elderly person is someone who has reached the age of 60 years and above.  Indonesia alone ranks fourth in the world with 24 million elderly people who have not received much attention. The decline in various body functions in old age can cause elderly people to have difficulty eating due to various causes. For example, the appetite of the elderly tends to decrease because their sense of taste and smell is no longer as sharp as it used to be to inhale aromas and taste food. The elderly are also more prone to decreased saliva production, loose teeth, weakened intestinal and gastric functions, and decreased stomach acid production which makes it difficult for the body to absorb food. Weakness or paralysis of the face, also known as facial frown, will cause impairment in the ability of facial muscles. Miror Therapy exercises can help improve facial muscle strength in patients with stroke. Regular exercise for 2 times a week can help increase the muscle strength of stroke patients.

The elderly are an age group that is prone to falls. The purpose of this service is to detect the risk of falls in the elderly and provide assistance in balance training as an effort to prevent the risk of falls in the elderly. Falls occur due to unintentional loss of balance resulting in failure of postural stability, or unexpected and sudden changes resulting in a position landing on the floor. Associated risk factors include current health status (living in the community, nursing home, hospital, frail or active state), diseases suffered (diabetes, hip fracture, stroke) and general changes related to aging (decreased balance, coordination, muscle strength, visual impairment, etc.). The output targets to be achieved are in the form of publications in accredited national journals and copyright for videos of community service activities. The method used is a fall risk detection examination using the Time Up and Go Test and continued with the provision of balance training, so that the elderly who have a risk of falling can be recognized as early as possible so that the provision of balance training can maintain and improve the balance of the elderly body.

Stroke is a reduced blood flow and oxygen to the brain due to blockage, narrowing, or rupture of blood vessels. Stroke leading weakness of the face, according to damage in the frontal motor area. One way to overcome a facial weakness is to apply mirror therapy of the face which is a combination of mirror therapy and facial exercises. The purpose of this case study is to illustrate the application of facial mirror therapy in stroke patients with facial muscle abilities. This type of research is descriptive by using a case study approach. The subjects in this study were 2 stroke patients with the criteria for facial muscle weakness, which is having a sagging face, having a recurrent attack or having just had a stroke. The study showed that an increase in facial muscle ability in subject 1 from the sufficient category (score 21) to the good category (score 29), subject 2 from the sufficient category (score 24) to the good category (score 32). Recommendation : Nurses can apply Mirror Therapy of the Face to improve the ability of facial muscles in stroke patients.  

Hypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases and is most common in society. Hypertension is now a major problem for all of us, not only in Indonesia but in the world, because hypertension is a risk factor for heart disease, kidney failure, diabetes and stroke (Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2019). Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018 shows that around 1.13 billion people in the world have hypertension, meaning that 1 in 3 people in the world are diagnosed with hypertension. The number of people with hypertension continues to increase every year, it is estimated that by 2025 there will be 1.5 billion people affected by hypertension and it is estimated that every year 10.44 million people die due to hypertension and its complications (Ministry of Health, 2019). Based on Riskesdas 2018, the prevalence of hypertension based on measurement results in the population aged 18 years was 34.1%, the highest in South Kalimantan (44.1%), while the lowest was in Papua (22.2%). Hypertension occurred in the age group 31-44 years (31.6%), age 45-54 years (45.3%), age 55-64 years (55.2%). From the prevalence of hypertension of 34.1%, it is known that 8.8% were diagnosed with hypertension and 13.3% of people diagnosed with hypertension did not take medication and 32.3% did not regularly take medication. This shows that the majority of hypertension sufferers do not know that they have hypertension and therefore do not receive treatment (Ministry of Health, 2019).

In the digital era and now it stimulates human life in the world to adopt new patterns such as eating patterns and so on. The current era of information technology and globalization has brought many changes to people's lives, including changes in lifestyle, especially diet. Consuming excessive amounts of fast food can cause various health problems, such as obesity (overweight), diabetes (diabetes), hypertension (high blood pressure), atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), coronary heart disease, appendicitis (appendicitis), stroke, cancer. , and others (Amalia et al., 2022). Appendicitis is a health problem that often occurs in Indonesia. Appendicitis requires surgical intervention, because it is an acute inflammation (Rahayu et al., 2021).

The world is facing a triple burden caused by various disease problems. These problems include the presence of New Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases such as Covid 19, Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) tend to increase every year and Infectious diseases that have not been resolved properly. This causes Indonesia to only focus on curative health efforts (Nina et al, 2018). Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, stroke. cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes are the main causes of death in the world (WHO, 2018). Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) or Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) are diseases that cannot be transmitted from person to person, whose development progresses slowly over a long period of time (chronic). Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, tend to last a long time and are the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental and behavioral factors (WHO, 2018).

Introduction: According to the Indonesian Medium-Term Development Plan IV for the year 2020 - 2024, stroke is ranked as the top disease in Indonesia, with a 93.4% increase from the previous period. Additionally, data from the 2018 Riskesdas P2TM shows that out of 3 individuals who experienced a stroke, 2 of them suffered disabilities. Objective: To analyze the role of family support in post-stroke patients' engagement in medical rehabilitation exercises. Method: This study utilized data from a literature review based on previous research. High-quality secondary data sources such as Google Scholar, Mendeley, and Research Gate were used to search for data in the literature review. These databases facilitate access to reputable journals as the primary references. Results: Based on the analysis of 5 journals conducted by various researchers, it was found that family support plays a significant role in motivating post-stroke patients to engage in medical rehabilitation exercises. Conclusion: There is a correlation between family support and the motivation of post-stroke patients to participate in medical rehabilitation exercises. Families serve not only as sources of social support but also actively encourage and motivate patients to achieve optimal recovery levels.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes mellitus, accounting for about 90% of all diabetes cases. If not treated immediately can cause damage to the eyes, kidneys, heart disease, hypertension, stroke and even cause gangrene. One of the non-pharmacological treatments is progressive muscle relaxation therapy. Objective: To determine changes in blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before and after progressive muscle relaxation therapy. Method: Descriptive method with a case study approach to 2 respondents in Jengglong Hamlet, Karanganyar Regency. The duration of giving progressive muscle relaxation therapy to respondents was 20 minutes in the morning and evening for 7 days from 25 May 2023 to 31 May 2023. Results: The blood sugar levels of the two respondents before applying progressive muscle relaxation therapy were 243 mg/dL and 255 mh/dL. After application, blood sugar levels dropped to 167 mg/dL and 221 mg/dL. Conclusion: The application of progressive muscle relaxation is able to reduce blood sugar levels in both type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Jengglong Hamlet, Karanganyar Regency.

Hypertension is one of the issues challenging the medical community today. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension is 34.1%, or 63,309,630 million individuals. Since hypertension is frequently referred to as the "silent killer," it needs to be treated right once in order to prevent problems like heart failure, stroke, and kidney failure as well as other disorders caused by hypertension. One of the treatments for hypertension is complementary therapy such as yoga therapy. Objective: This research aims to determine the changes in blood pressure as a result of the implementation of yoga exercises in hypertensive patients in Jebres Village, Surakarta City. Methods: This research used a descriptive case study  method by observing 2 female respondents aged 45-55 years who were given the implementation of yoga exercises for 4 meetings in 2 weeks with a time of ± 15-20 minutes. Results: Blood pressure dropped following the application of yoga exercises, and grade 1 patients were included. Conclusion: The application of yoga exercises can reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension.

Implementing family-based discharge planning, which relies on the participation of family members, can help stroke victims feel better. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of family-based discharge planning on the quality of life of stroke patients based on journal literature reviews. Methode uses systematic literature reviews of journals taken from research in 15 journals, which were discovered through screening results of a number of journals from Google Scholar, Cochrane, Science Direct, Pubmed, and Wile using the keywords "Discharge Planning" AND "Family" AND "Quality Of Life" AND "Stroke OR Post Stroke". Writing research journals from the 2017-2021 time frame  and those that complied with inclusion and exclusion standards, in PICOTS format, both national and international journals. Results from 15 design journals used quasy experimental (33.5%), Systematic Review (13.4%), Randomized controlled (13.4%), Cross sectional survey (6.7%), Longitudinal Survey (6.7%), True Experimental (6.7%), Parallel group (13.4%), Retrospective Study (6.7%). Conclusion Discharge planning provides family caregiver education about stroke. The support of family members is very important in improving the patient's health by contributing to quality care and creating a pleasant atmosphere.  

Background; Stroke is a blood circulation disorder in the brain which results in the death of brain tissue. Stroke patients who experience hemiparesis can result in functional impairment, impaired mobility, impaired daily activities and irreversible disability. Purpose: This study aims to determine the results of implementing rubber ball ROM exercise on muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. Methods: The application was carried out using a descriptive method with a case study design in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients who are at risk of experiencing muscle weakness. The application of the rubber ball rom exercise was carried out for 4 consecutive days by holding the rubber ball for 5 seconds and repeated 7 times. Results: There was an increase in muscle strength of 1 degree in both respondents after the rubber ball ROM exercise. Conclusion: The results of the application to the two respondents between before and after being given the rubber ball ROM exercise showed an increase in muscle strength. So that rubber ball ROM exercise can be used as a non-pharmacological technique to increase muscle strength in stroke patients.

Background:Nearly 70-94% of acute stroke patients experience increased blood pressure (hypertension). Hypertension is the main triggering factor for the occurrence of strokes, both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes, one way is to provide non-pharmacological therapy with dhikr relaxation (remembrance of Allah). Objective: to find out the application of dhikr therapy to reduce blood pressure in acute stroke patients at HCU Neuro Anggrek 2 RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Method: the application of this journal uses a descriptive method with a case study approach to 2 respondents according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the independent variable of the research is dhikr therapy, namely therapy that is carried out by reminding respondents to Allah SWT through recordings of reading recitation sentences, by adjusting the position of the respondent first first, namely supine position with head elevation of 30o, then listen to the recorded dhikr sentences using hands-free to the respondent 3 times a day for 10 minutes for 3 days. Results: Based on the results of the application that has been carried out, there is a decrease in blood pressure before and after the dhikr relaxation therapy is performed. Conclusion: There is a decrease in blood pressure before and after the application of dhikr from first degree hypertension to prehypertension.  

Background : The number of elderly in RSUD dr. Soediran Mangun Soemarso in April there were 48 people, while in the Anyelir ward itself there were 37 people. Over time, complaints that appear in elderly people who have had a stroke are sudden facial weakness, sudden feeling of confusion, difficulty speaking, nausea, sudden vomiting and numbness or tingling. Objective : To find out the results of implementing rubber ball handheld therapy on muscle strength in stroke patients. Method : This type of research uses a descriptive method with a case study approach. Findings: The muscle scale before hand-held rubber ball therapy in stroke patients was 3, and the muscle scale after hand-held therapy in stroke patients was 4. Implication There are differences in development before and after being given hand-held rubber-ball therapy in the elderly who have had a stroke, namely experienced an increase in motor muscle strength in elderly patients.

Haemorrhagic stroke, or also known as spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (PIS), is one of the pathological types of stroke caused by intracerebral blood vessels. This condition causes neurological symptoms that occur suddenly and often followed by symptoms due to the spatial effects or increased intracranial pressure (TIK). Generally speaking, the number of strokes is increasing, according to (RISKESDAS) the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia there is an increase in stroke prevalence from 8.3 (2007) to 12.2 (2013) per 1000 people. In PIS, primary injury occurs: neuron and glia damage mechanically followed by deformation, neurotransmitter release, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell membrane depolarization. Secondary injuries due to haemoglobin breakdown and coagulation factors especially thrombin. The product will activate microglia so it produces toxic substances such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), complement factor, tumour necrotizing factor α (TNF α), and interleukin 1β causing network injury. In addition to injury, there's also a replacement of dead cells through the neurogenesis process, which is the growth of neuronal stem cells in the subventricular and hippocampus areas. The number of hemorrhagic strokes in Asia is higher than in the West. This could be due to the high incidence of hypertension in the Asian population.

Hypertension is the main cause of death from cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks, strokes and heart failure. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing rapidly in many countries, placing a large health burden on the health care system and increasing the risk of cardiovascular disorders in this population. The process of implementing community service to the community is carried out in several stages. Activities include checking blood pressure, health education and health consultations. Participants who took part in community service activities were mostly women (76%) with an age range between 45-60 years (68%), the highest education level was junior high school (42%), and people with hypertension level 1 (74%). Community knowledge about hypertension complementary therapy has increased significantly after being given counseling. Hypertension sufferers are advised to consume ginger and mint decoction and check themselves regularly at the nearest health facility.

Hypertension or high blood disease is actually a disorder of blood vessels that results in the supply of oxygen and nutrients carried by the blood is hampered to the body tissues in need.hypertension is often called the silent killer dark killer, because it includes diseases that women are declared hypertensive if their blood pressure is 160/95 mmHg. (Nurhaidar, 2010).In addition to hypertension, gout is now also a topic that is very much discussed by women, because most uric acid attacks women, especially the elderly. However, in this day and age it is not only the elderly who can get gout, adults can also get this gout. Irianto in his book entitled Public Health Science said that gout is referred to as a degenerative disease because the incidence rate is related to the degeneration process in old age that takes place according to time and age. (Simamora and Saragih 2019).  Research conducted in the scientific journal Permas shows the results that of the 13 causes of gout, most of the causes are diet and lifestyle. So that those who should be more susceptible to gout are men because their serum uric acid levels are higher than women.(Sulistyoningtyas and Khusnul Dwihestie 2022).Community service activity entitled  "Socialization on the Application of Ergonomic Gymnastics to Reduce Blood Pressure in Kabil Village, Kavling Baru, RT 003 RW 013, Danau Indah Punggur" The activity was welcomed by RW 013 Kavling Baru, Punggur with the hope of getting information about handling hypertension and gout, so as to control and prevent various kinds of disorders of the cardiovascular system in the form of hypertension,  heart, or stroke that can interfere with public health.

Stroke is the presence of clinical signs that develop rapidly due to focal brain function disorders. Stroke occurs suddenly but has long-term effects such as disability, emotional problems, depression and also changes in social relationships. A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain stops suddenly, thereby blocking the supply of oxygen, which is a vital necessity for the brain, causing a decrease in normal brain function. Cases of stroke need to be handled by the patient's family quickly and precisely so that the patient gets help according to the condition of the stroke he is experiencing. Based on this, a study is needed related to nursing care for stroke patients. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a case study approach that is carried out on the pattern of nursing care in stroke patients. From the research results obtained from patients, namely patients complaining of no appetite, difficulty lifting the left leg and difficulty speaking. There are 3 nursing problems that arise in patients, namely nutritional imbalances less than body requirements, impaired physical mobility and, impaired verbal communication. This is based on the results of interviews and observations found due to lack of knowledge of the patient's family on how to treat stroke patients.

Stroke is the presence of clinical signs that develop rapidly due to focal brain function disorders. Stroke occurs suddenly but has long-term effects such as disability, emotional problems, depression and also changes in social relationships. A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain stops suddenly, thereby blocking the supply of oxygen, which is a vital necessity for the brain, causing a decrease in normal brain function. Cases of stroke need to be handled by the patient's family quickly and precisely so that the patient gets help according to the condition of the stroke he is experiencing. Based on this, a study is needed related to nursing care for stroke patients. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a case study approach that is carried out on the pattern of nursing care in stroke patients. From the research results obtained from patients, namely patients complaining of no appetite, difficulty lifting the left leg and difficulty speaking. There are 3 nursing problems that arise in patients, namely nutritional imbalances less than body requirements, impaired physical mobility and, impaired verbal communication. This is based on the results of interviews and observations found due to lack of knowledge of the patient's family on how to treat stroke patients.

Stroke is an acute neurological condition caused by decreased blood flow to the brain. Nervous system dysfunction occurs suddenly (within seconds) or rapidly (within hours) and the symptoms and signs correspond to the local area of ​​the brain affected. Objective: To conduct an analysis of managed cases with a medical diagnosis of non-hemorrhagic stroke with jigsaw puzzle pairing exercise therapy to increase upper extremity muscle strength Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental design with pre and post test. This type of research is a research design that is used to look for causal relationships with research involvement. The sample used in this study were 6 patients with a critical sample of patients who had non-hemorrhagic stroke who were treated at Prof. Hospital. Dr. Aloei Saboe Gorontalo City. Results: The results of the study showed that changes in muscle strength were only present in Mr. I.T obtained an increase on the evaluation of the third day of implementation where there was an increase in muscle strength to 5/4, which means there was an increase using the MMAS (Modified Muscle Assessment Scale) it was found that the client was only able to lift the top part of the puzzle and put it back. (The patient reaches forward at arm's length, lifts the top of the puzzle, releases it back to the part of the table that is closest to the patient's body). Conclusion: Based on the research conducted, it was found that 6 respondents from the results of the assessment had measuring results that had been carried out after the Jigsaw Puzzle installation exercise, it was found that there was a change in the range of motion of the client's fingers while for the client's muscle strength and fine motor movements there had been no change. Stroke attack can cause permanent physical disability.

Obesity is one of commonly found problem, with the numbers rising globally. Obesity also often associated with other conditions, such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and osteoarthritis. This study aims to find out the correlation between obesity and incidence of knee pain for elderly. The study is an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design, that’s done at Sasana Tresna Werda RIA Pembangunan in January 2019. The population for this study is the elderly with minimum 60 years of age. Data were obtained through interview for knee pain variable, height and weight were measured by health workers using calibrated tools. Body mass index (BMI) over 25 kg/m2 is categorized as obese. Descriptive data will be presented as proportion (%). Statistical test used in the study are Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction and Fisher Exact as alternative. The expected significance value in this study is 5%. The study found that there was significant relationship between obesity and knee pain in the elderly at Sasana Tresna Werda RIA Pembangunan (p-value=0.022). Elderly group with obesity is clinically known have 2.684 times higher riks of experiencing knee pain compared to the other group. Obesity is a major risk factor for knee pain including osteoarthritis and has an impact on morbidity in the elderly population. Holistic evaluation and treatment is needed in dealing with knee pain and obesity, considering that these two variables have a complex and multi-factorial pathogenesis.