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As a country with an overcapacity prison composition of 265,897 people, Indonesia ranks seventh with the most prisoners in the world. In response to this, the government has made several efforts to reduce the density of prisoners, one of which is by providing remissions. However, granting remissions is actually seen as less effective and actually creates differences in the development process in Correctional Institutions (Lapas). Another problem is how to overcome the dilemma of granting remission to prisoners from the perspective of the national legal system. The research method used in this research is a juridical-normative research method with descriptive analytical research specifications which analytically describe the applicable laws and regulations both at home and abroad and legal theories linked to research problems. Analysis of legal materials uses qualitative juridical analysis. The results of this research indicate that the background to the policy of granting remissions to prisoners needs to be tightened so that it can fulfill a sense of justice for society. Apart from that, regarding the policy of granting remissions to prisoners, it is necessary to consider the legal framework of similar policies implemented in England, Ireland or Canada because the tightening of remissions in these countries has resulted in not all prisoners getting remissions or parole.

Varicella Zoster or known as chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by the Varicella Zoster virus (VSV). Chickenpox is a worldwide airbone disease. Transmission of Varicella zoster is through the air which spreads through coughing and sneezing and also through direct contact with skin lesions. This varicella disease is less of a concern for the public because of the assumption of the public that Varicella Zoster will heal on its own. Where there should be a consultation media and knowledge that can be used by the community in the prevention of varicella disease early on children. So that not every patient brought to the hospital was found to be a patient who had been infected for several days until it was severe to be treated and treated for Varicella Zoster disease. Varicella zoster disease consists of firepox (shingles) which is a follow-up infection of the virus that causes chickenpox. Chickenpox is a viral infection that causes itching on the skin and is characterized by a rash or red spots filled with fluid called elastic. The Dempster Shafer Method is the Dempster Shafer Method, which is a mathematical theory to prove based on belief function and plausibility. Belief indicates a measure of the strength of evidence in supporting a hypothesis, while plausibility indicates a state of trustworthiness. Based on the weight value given by experts on each Varivcella Zoster disease symptom data, from the results of the analysis carried out in the previous chapter, the results of the diagnosis of Varicella Zoster with the type of firepox disease (Herpes Zoster) with a density value of 98.08% were obtained. Keywords: Dempster Shafer, Diagnosis, Varicella Zoster

This study aimed to determine the stand structure and tree canopy cover in forest and parak ecosystems in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang City. This is a descriptive research with a direct observation throught purposive random sampling method. Data were collected by making six of 20 x 20 m plots in each primary forest and parak ecosystem. Tree diameters ≥10 cm were measured in each plot and canopy cover were collected using the Hemispherical Photography method using a mobile phone front camera equipped with a fish-eye lens. Data were analyzed in terms of stand density, basal area, Stand Basal Area (SBA), and percentage of canopy cover. The average tree density in the primary forest area was 913 individuals/ha, while the tree density in the parak was 467 individuals/ha. The SBA value in the primary forest was higher than in the parak, which was 64.10 m2/ha in the primary forest and 14,72 m2/ha in the parak. The average percentage of canopy cover in both areas shows that the percentage of primary forest canopy cover was greater than that of parak. The average value of the percentage of canopy cover in the forest area was 80.48%, while in the parak area was 71.23%. Correlation between tree density, canopy cover, SBA was only occured in primary forest area where the canopy cover negatively correlated with SBA. This study showed that the primary forest area and parak in Lubuk Kilangan Subdistrict have a good tree density, SBA and tree canopy covers.

One indicator of inadequate environmental cleanliness is fly density; Higher fly densities correspond to higher fly populations in the area. Fly handling is necessary immediately because of the potential health risks associated with fly density. The aim of this study is to quantify the distance between the fly density in local homes and the slaughter chicken cages in Rajabasa Baru Village, Mataram Baru Subdistrict, East Lampung Regency. The study used a qualitative descriptive technique. The dwellings around the slaughter chicken coop are the subject of this study, which is being conducted in Rajabasa Baru Village, Mataram Baru Subdistrict, East Lampung Regency. Observation and documentation are the methods employed to gather data for this study. The results of the research found that the distance that had the highest density of flies was 150 meters with an average of 24 individuals, while at a distance of 450 meters there were only 28 individuals, then at a distance of 900 meters only 13 individuals. Fly density tends to decrease with increasing distance from the source, namely the chicken drum. However, the density of flies is still quite significant even at greater distances, indicating the importance of managing and controlling fly populations around these areas to maintain environmental health and prevent the spread of disease.    

Fires in residential areas usually occur in densely populated areas. Rawa Buaya Village is a sub-district in West Jakarta City which has a fairly high population density and there is also a densely populated settlement located at RT.016/RW.04 with 445 families. This settlement experienced fire disasters five times in 2008, 2009, 2015, and twice in 2022. The aim of the research is to describe community preparedness to reduce the risk of fire as well as factors that support and inhibit community preparedness. This research uses descriptive methods through a qualitative approach. The results of the research show that 40% of the community knows that the cause of fires is due to human negligence, 81% have the desire to prevent fires, 76% have an agreement between the Head of the RT and the community, 74% have determined the evacuation location for victims, 67% do not know the evacuation route board, 91% have the desire to to help their relatives, 62% only knew that a fire simulation had been carried out once, 74% had no early warning system, and 60% had not prepared an emergency fund. So it was concluded that the community was sufficiently prepared to face fires by knowing the causes and things to prevent fires, having an agreement to prepare evacuation locations, helping relatives and participating in disaster simulations, but the vulnerability of the living environment was a factor that triggered fires.  

Cahaya Grosir Indah is a retailer that sells various foodstuffs, clothing, electronics and other general goods. In this research, Cahaya Grosir Indah is the retail store we chose, whether there is an inappropriate layout of the store facilities. This research aims to help optimize the layout design of retail facilities using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method which focuses on analyzing the relationship between activities in retail stores and Total Closeness (TCR) which focuses on the degree of closeness of each room facility in the Cahaya retail business. Indah Wholesale to set top priorities in retail development. Based on the results of the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) calculation at Cahaya Grosir Indah, the first facility that was prioritized because the results were the highest was the cashier with a TCR (Total Closeness Rating) score of 162, product shelves with a score of 126, warehouse with a score of 34, facility center with a value of 94, and toilets with a value of 18. Therefore, for retail it is important to place other facilities with high value results and are prioritized so that they can be close to each other and facilitate operational processes. The layout has a strategic impact in the longer term. A strategic and comfortable layout provides benefits for retailers to make it easier to organize efficient layout positions and can reduce the density of activity in retail and make it easier for customers to shop.

Groovy Space Coffee and Kitchen is a coffee shop located in the Bogor City area that serves several types of drinks such as coffee and tea and several foods, both snacks and heavy meals. This research aims to optimize the layout of the sitting room at Groovy Space Coffee and Kitchen using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method based on the results of the Total Cleseness Rating (TCR) calculation. The ARC method is used to determine optimal seating space layout arrangements by considering the shape of the room and the available area. Meanwhile, the TCR method is used to overcome potential conflicts in the use of seating space, such as the density of visitors at certain times. The application of these two methods is expected to produce a seating space layout that is efficient, comfortable, and able to better accommodate the number of visitors. The results of this research show that the new layout is more effective and efficient compared to the previous layout with the results showing that the new layout includes additional seating in the outdoor area and also a change in concept from outdoor to semi-outdoor.

Aggregate is the main component of road pavement structure, namely 90-95% of the weight of the pavement. Such a large proportion means that the quality of the aggregate used will greatly determine the overall performance of the pavement. The availability of quality aggregate is absolutely necessary to ensure the sustainability of development in the road construction sector. One area that has aggregate potential that has not been utilized optimally is Kandang Mbelang Village, Lawe Bulan. The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of the Marshall, UCS, ITS test values ​​and the permeability of asphalt mixtures using the excavated material of Kandang Mbelang, Lawe Bulan as aggregate. This research uses experimental methods carried out in the laboratory with variations in asphalt content of 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% and 6% for the Marshall test and obtains Optimum Asphalt Content (KAO). For ITS, UCS and permeability testing, Optimum Asphalt Content was used with three samples each. Hypothesis testing for data comparison uses the T test method. The use of Kandang Mbelang aggregate in the AC-WC spec IV mixture produces a stability value of 711.5 kg, a flow value of 3.48 mm, a porosity value of 16.077%, a density value of 2.016 gr/ cm3 and Marshall Quotient value 215.823 kg/mm ​​at Optimum Asphalt Content of 5.3%. The average ITS value is 319.024 KPa, the average UCS value is 6,982.237 KPa, while the average permeability coefficient value is 7.14x10-4 cm/s. Through the T test statistical method, it is known that the use of the Kandang Mbelang aggregate for the AC-WC spec IV mixture does not cause changes in the stability, flow, ITS and UCS values. Real changes only occur for density values, porosity values ​​and permeability coefficients.

Air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions produced by motorized vehicles are one of the main problems in big cities. This encourages the development of more energy efficient and environmentally friendly vehicles, such as electric vehicles. This journal discusses the development of energy-efficient electric vehicles for urban transportation, with a focus on battery technology, vehicle design, and charging infrastructure. This research aims to develop energy-efficient electric vehicles that can meet city transportation needs. This research focuses on several aspects, namely: Lightweight and aerodynamic vehicle design: This design can reduce energy consumption and increase vehicle efficiency. Efficient propulsion system: An efficient propulsion system can increase mileage and reduce exhaust emissions. Advanced battery technology: Advanced battery technology can increase energy density and battery life. It is hoped that the results of this research will produce energy-efficient electric vehicles that are environmentally friendly and can help reduce air pollution in big cities.

Background: Glass Reinforced Concrete (GRC) is an innovative construction material that combines glass fiber with concrete, providing high strength and durability. However, the influence of GRC mixture composition on flexural strength values has not been studied in depth. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of GRC mixture composition variables, such as the ratio between glass fiber and concrete binder, on flexural strength. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide deeper insight into the use of GRC in construction and help develop more efficient and durable construction materials. Results: From the results of the discussion regarding the effect of differences in fiberglass composition on flexural strength, it was found that the addition of 2% fiber resulted in an average flexural strength of 23.01 kgf/cm2, with an increase of up to 49.77 kgf/cm2 at 1% fiberglass. However, with a fiber composition of 0.8%, the highest flexural strength was obtained at 56.84 kgf/cm2. The addition of fibers that exceed the maximum limit can reduce the density of GRC concrete so that its ability to distribute bending strength forces is reduced. Meanwhile, the effect of fly ash substitution on flexural strength shows that replacing some of the cement with fly ash by 20% can increase the flexural strength value of GRC, because the silica and alumina compounds in fly ash can speed up the hydration process. However, of the five specimens tested, none met the SNI 8299:2017 standard which requires a minimum average flexural strength of 100 kgf/cm2

The location of the road studied is the northern ring road which is still in the form of a compacted pavement layer. With this road, it can reduce traffic jams in the city and divert heavy vehicles. Field density analysis was carried out on the North Ring Road in Lamongan district using the Sand Cone method to obtain soil water content values ​​on the road. The work procedure carried out is determining the weight of the sand, the weight of the soil, the grade water, dry soil density, and field density. The testing point was carried out at 152 different points for every 25 meters, namely from STA 0+000 to STA 3+800. The results showed that the average soil water content was 19.0%, and the soil density was 96.98%. According to the requirements of SNI 03-2008-1992, the recommended soil density value is 95%. From the results of the tests that have been carried out it can be concluded that the density The soil in the field meets the specified soil density requirements because the average density in the field on road pavement is 96.98%.

he world's energy industries contribute 87% to the increase in global greenhouse gases. To reduce global greenhouse gas emissions, hydrogen as clean energy is an alternative energy source with a gravimetric energy density of 120 MJ/kg and a volumetric density of 0.0824 kg/m3. The main challenge of hydrogen as an energy carrier is its low volumetric density, thus requiring hydrogen storage technology at higher volumetric densities. Hydrogen storage systems are crucial to the hydrogen supply chain process, especially in terms of its economics. The hydrogen storage system consists of hydrogenation, transportation, and dehydrogenation processes. This paper uses the techno-economic analysis of five types of hydrogen storage technologies: compressed hydrogen, liquid Hydrogen, liquid organic hydrogen carrier, metal hydride, and ammonia. Hysys was introduced to help process design, process modeling, and equipment sizing of each technology. System costs ($/kg) are determined based on projected Capital Expenditure (CapEx) and Operational expenditure (OpEx) of each hydrogenation and dehydrogenation process, as well as shipping transportation cost at 2000 km. The results show that liquid organic hydrogen carrier had the lowest system cost of $2.84/kg, followed by metal hydride at $2.95/kg, compressed hydrogen at $3.33/kg, ammonia at $7.21/kg, and liquid hydrogen at $11.51/kg. However, the storage efficiency of liquid organic hydrogen carriers is only 8.73%, compared to compressed hydrogen at 99%. The results show that the cost of hydrogen storage systems needs to be significantly reduced for long-term and large-scale applications.

Population growth that occurred in Tasikmalaya City in 2021 reached 731,606 people. Population density brings a number of problems, namely the problem of waste at the Pancasila TPS. Where the Pancasila TPS becomes a rubbish dump for the people around Pancasila who experience environmental pollution which has an impact on the people who live around the Pancasila TPS. The aim of this research is to determine the adaptation of the community around the TPS. The data collection techniques used in this research took the form of direct observation and interviews with the community around the TPS. The research results revealed that the form of adaptation carried out by the community around the Pancasila TPS was passive. The community can only surrender to environmental pollution around settlements, because the people around the Pancasila TPS are indifferent. Apart from that, the people around the TPS use well water to meet their daily needs. People do not take any action to reduce the pungent odor produced by air pollution because they are used to the smell. Therefore, they do not make changes to their residential buildings to reduce the penetration of odors into the house.

This study aims to explore the influence of the social environment on the communication patterns of adolescents in urban areas. A qualitative approach is used to understand how factors such as family, peers, school environment, social media, local culture, socioeconomic status, globalization, and physical environment influence the way adolescents communicate. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, focus group discussions and case studies. The respondents in this study were 100 respondents from teenagers in Bandung city.The results showed that family has a central role in shaping adolescents' communication skills, with supportive parenting increasing openness and communication effectiveness. Peers also have a significant influence, where adolescents adjust their communication style to gain social acceptance. School environments that support open and participatory communication have been shown to improve adolescents' communication skills, while the use of social media and modern technology changes the mode and frequency of communication, although sometimes reducing face-to-face interactions.Local culture and urbanization introduce adolescents to more modern and dynamic communication styles, while socioeconomic status affects access to education and technology, which in turn affects communication skills. Globalization and exposure to foreign cultures broaden adolescents' communication horizons, allowing interaction with various groups. Finally, the urban physical environment, including public facilities and population density, affects adolescents' interaction and communication patterns.  The findings provide implications for policies and interventions aimed at improving adolescents' communication skills through a holistic approach involving family, school, community, and management of social media use.

Landslides are natural disasters that can result in loss of life and property. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out inventory research on areas prone to landslides. The model applied to determine the point of distribution of landslide disasters and areas of potential distribution of landslide disasters is a qualitative descriptive spatial method. Several factors that cause landslides are geology, rock properties, stratigraphy, geological structure, level of weathering and seismicity, climate, rainfall, thick soil, solum. , slope topography, vegetation density and human land use. The results of the analysis show that in Jayaura Regency, Sentani District, there are 3 classes of landslide hazard levels, namely not vulnerable, somewhat vulnerable, quite vulnerable, and vulnerable. In general, Jayapura Regency, Sentani sub-district, is quite prone to the spread of landslides, but there are three sub-districts that are vulnerable, namely Hinekombe sub-district, Sentani village, Bart, Sentani sub-district, Sereh village in the middle and Sentani sub-district, Tollan village,      

One non-organic waste that is used extensively in daily life is plastic, particularly for food packaging vendors and as a raw material for toy manufacturers. Waste will result from the vast amount of plastic that residents of Medan Krio use and discard after consumption. The goal of the research program's implementation is to enable locals to recycle waste materials to create valuable products. The village of Medan Krio Village has a high population density, which has led to the development of waste management issues. The village has traditionally disposed of waste by burning it and throwing it beside the street, which is why there is a garbage stench. which has a strong odor as a result of careless trash dumping. In light of this issue, Ecobricks may offer a way to lessen plastic waste and turn it into products with a positive economic impact. Method: PAR (Participatory Action Research), which is study that identifies issues and then offers potential solutions. Findings: The Ecobrick technique is being used in Medan Krio Village to make use of plastic waste. A recycling technique known as "ecobricks" uses plastic bottles that have been packed full of non-organic materials until they are extremely hard and dense.

In line with the concept of environmentally friendly national development, every commercial and industrial activity must be committed to preserving the environment. This is in accordance with Law no. Regulation Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. Referring to Law No.30 of 2007 concerning Energy, which was then followed up with Government Regulation No.33 of 2023 concerning Energy conservation which requires energy users above TOE to carry out Energy conservation by conducting periodic Energy Audits of Lighting Systems and Air Conditioning Systems . This research conducted an audit of lighting and air conditioning systems by collecting data on lighting intensity, temperature and humidity in each room in the office from 08.00 – 17.00 using a lux meter measuring instrument, then the results were analyzed by referring to the Indonesian National Standards (SNI) regarding lighting and Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 13 of 2012 concerning Saving on Electricity Use. The use of electrical energy in the office work environment is still not optimal and even though the density value is satisfactory, the lighting level in the office still has rooms that do not meet SNI standards. Apart from that, the use of electrical energy for the air conditioning system is also considered insufficient so several recommendations need to be made

ARI is an infectious disease that attacks one or more parts of the respiratory tract, starting from the nose (upper tract) to the alveoli (lower tract) including adnexal tissue, such as the sinuses, middle ear cavity and pleura. ISPA is a respiratory tract infection that lasts for 14 days. ARI can be caused by various causes such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and aspiration. Bacteria that cause ARI include Diplococcus Pneumoniae, Pneumococcus, Streptococcus Pyogenes Staphylococcus Aureus, Haemophilus Influenza, and others. Viruses that cause ARI include influenza, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus. Fungi that cause ARI include Aspergillus Sp, Candida Albicans Histoplasm, and others. Apart from being caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi, ISPA is also caused by aspiration such as food, motor vehicle fumes, fuel oil, amniotic fluid at birth, foreign objects (seeds), small plastic toys, and others. The occurrence of ISPA is certainly influenced by many factors, namely environmental conditions (air pollutants such as cigarette smoke and cooking fuel fumes, density of family members, house ventilation conditions, humidity, cleanliness, season, temperature), availability and effectiveness of health services and infection prevention measures. to prevent spread (vaccines, access to health care facilities, isolation room capacity), host factors (age, smoking habits, ability of the host to transmit infection, nutritional status, previous infections or simultaneous infections caused by other pathogens, general health conditions) and characteristics pathogen (mode of transmission, infectivity, virulence factors such as genes, number or dose of microbes).

Ngadilegi Utara Hamlet is one of the hamlets of Plintahan Village, Pandaan District, which has great potential in the agricultural sector. However, global climate change has caused problems that Ngadilegi Utara farmers, especially the Madulegi Farmer Group, must face in cultivating crops. The impact of global climate change can trigger the emergence of plant pest organisms (OPT) which can affect the achievement of quality to meet market demand (consumers). Meanwhile, farmers in Ngadilegi Utara Hamlet still carry out crop cultivation activities on open land which is very potential for pest and disease attacks, and can be disrupted by environmental stress. Cultivation innovation using a screenhouse is one solution to overcome the problem in order to increase plant productivity. The screenhouse was built with a size of 6 x 8 meters using a hollow and galvanized C frame. The roof uses UV plastic with a thickness of 200 microns, the walls use insect net with a density of 50 mesh, and the base is covered using tarpaulin. The construction of the screenhouse in Ngadilegi Utara Hamlet is considered to reduce the attack of plant pest organisms (OPT) and environmental stress factors, so that farmer groups in Ngadilegi Utara Hamlet can increase crop productivity well.

Quality of time is important and effected of patient satisfaction in the emergency room to see the level of density and clinical performance, waiting time and length of stay  (LOS) were used. In the emergency room, LOS are often encountered, this can affect patient satisfaction. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between waiting time and LOS  with patient satisfaction in the emergency room at RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. The research was conducted using descriptive analytical research methods. The sample in this study was 42 respondents taken by accidental sampling with research instrument using observation sheets, stopwatches and questionnaires. Next, the data collected  processed using the SPSS version 16.0 computer program to be analyzed by Chi-square test with a significance level (a) of 0.05. The results of this study showed the relationship between waiting time and patient satisfaction in the emergency room, with a value of p = 0.000, which is 0.000, which is smaller than the value of a = 0.05. It can be said that Ha is accepted and HO is rejected and it can be concluded that Ha is a waiting relationship time with patient satisfaction in the ER. The results in the LOS study obtained a value = 0.000, this p value was smaller than the a value = 0.05, it was concluded there was a relationship between LOS and patient satisfaction in the ER.The conclusion in this research is  the waiting time and length of stay on patient satisfaction emergency installation room at RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado was.. There is a LOS relationship with patient satisfaction in the emergency room at RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. It is hoped  and suggestions to improve the quality of service time in the ER to obtain  the patient satisfaction