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cesarean section is a delivery technique that involves making an incision in the uterine wall (hysterotomy) through the front abdominal wall (laparotomy). The action of a cesarean section causes a change in the continuity of body tissues that results in pain. This writing aims to apply the provision of lavender aromatherapy as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention at the Islamic Hospital Malahayati Medan, 2nd Floor New Room. This type of writing is a case study using a nursing care approach for a 35-year-old mother diagnosed with post-cesarean section. The intervention provided was the administration of lavender aromatherapy using inhalation methods with a diffuser, by adding 1 cc of lavender essential oil and 10 cc of clean water into the humidifier for 10 – 15 minutes over 3 consecutive days. This was indicated by the patient reporting that pain decreased to a pain scale of 3 from a pain scale of 6. Lavender aromatherapy therapy has proven to be effective as a non-pharmacological therapy in reducing pain intensity after Caesarean section

Background: Ischemic stroke is an acquired brain injury caused by blockage of blood vessels or inadequate blood supply resulting in infarction or hemorrhage in the brain parenchyma. Stroke is ranked as the second leading cause of death in the world and is the largest contributor to disability, resulting in a significant economic burden. The problem that often arises in ischemic stroke patients is the presence of a problem in the limbs so that the individual's ability to move cannot be free and limited which is commonly referred to as the problem of physical mobility disorders. Ischemic stroke is part of cardiovascular disease which is classified as a catastrophic disease because it has a wide economic and social impact. Ischemic stroke can cause permanent disability which can certainly affect the productivity of the sufferer. Purpose: Knowing the results of the application of Range Of Motion (ROM) exercises on the patient's muscle strength. Methods: Using case studies and subjects by collecting data from interviews and observations on Ischemic Stroke patients with nursing problems of Physical Mobility Disorders. Results: after carrying out Range Of Motion (ROM) therapy nursing actions on a routine schedule twice a day morning and evening for 6 days with 15-20 minutes, it was found that there was an increase in muscle to 4 5 4 5. Conclusion: there is an increase in muscle strength in Ischemic Stroke patients after Range Of Motion (ROM) therapy.

This study aims to examine the impact of K-Pop celebrity worship on the psychological well-being of female adolescents in the Engene Medan Community. This quantitative research involved 60 respondents who are members of the community. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS 30 through validity and reliability tests, simple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²). The findings indicate that celebrity worship has a positive and significant effect on psychological well-being. The t-test produced a t-value (4.114) greater than the t-table (2.001) with a significance level of 0.001 < 0.05, while the F-test showed an F-value (16.921) exceeding the F-table (4.01) with the same significance level. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.226 shows that celebrity worship accounts for 22.6% of the variance in psychological well-being, while the remaining 77.4% is influenced by other factors not addressed in this study. This research concludes that involvement in celebrity worship activities, particularly at the entertainment-social level, can enhance positive feelings about oneself and improve overall psychological well-being. These findings reinforce the understanding that idolizing celebrities, as long as it remains within reasonable limits, can have a constructive impact on female adolescents.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of creative learning among lower-grade students at SDS Parulian 2 Medan. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through observation and questionnaires. The subjects were 51 students from grades II and III. The observation results indicate that teachers still tend to use conventional methods; however, students appeared more enthusiastic when the lessons were accompanied by creative activities such as educational games, quizzes, and the use of concrete media. The questionnaire findings support this, showing that 66.1% of students expressed liking creative learning, 17.6% stated it was average, and 16.3% reported less interest. The combined average score of 2.49 indicates that students’ interest in creative learning is at a moderate to high level. These findings highlight that the application of simple creative strategies can provide more enjoyable and meaningful learning experiences for elementary students. The study recommends that teachers optimize the use of media and varied methods to make learning more engaging and aligned with students’ developmental needs.

The modern retail industry in Indonesia is increasingly competitive, especially in the minimarket sector, which requires every business actor to continuously improve the quality of services and products to maintain consumer loyalty. Indomaret, as one of the main players, has introduced the Indomaret Fresh concept that offers a wider variety of products and a more modern shopping experience. However, despite various innovations, there are still complaints from consumers regarding prices, product diversity, and product quality available. This study aims to analyze the influence of price, product diversity, and product quality on consumer repurchase intentions at Indomaret Fresh in Medan City. The study used a quantitative approach with data collection through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents, and data analysis was conducted using SPSS to test the partial and simultaneous effects of these variables. The results showed that price and product diversity had a negative and insignificant effect on repurchase intentions, while product quality had a positive and significant effect. Simultaneously, these three variables together had a significant effect on repurchase intentions. These findings emphasize that product quality is a major factor in building consumer loyalty, while aspects of price and product variety need to be adjusted to consumer preferences and expectations for a more effective Indomaret Fresh marketing strategy.

The family plays a central role in shaping children’s growth and well-being, particularly in marginalized communities where access to education and healthcare is limited. This study aims to describe the forms of family support in improving the well-being of children at Sanggar Anak Sungai Deli, a non-formal educational institution located along the banks of the Deli River in Medan City. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the research involved observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The informants included families of children, sanggar administrators, and children actively participating in the program. The findings reveal that family support is manifested in six main indicators: (1) positive emotional relationships, (2) provision of safety and comfort, (3) instilling positive values, (4) support for education and talent development, (5) protection from negative influences, and (6) partial fulfillment of basic needs. These supports contribute significantly to children’s emotional, social, and intellectual well-being, although the physical aspect remains less fulfilled due to economic constraints. Despite limited financial resources, families demonstrate care and commitment to supporting their children’s development. Sanggar Anak Sungai Deli serves as an essential partner by providing a safe and supportive learning environment. This study concludes that family involvement, combined with community-based interventions such as SASUDE, is crucial in ensuring holistic child well-being. The implications highlight the importance of strengthening collaboration between families, community organizations, and government to address gaps in child welfare programs in marginalized areas.  

Stroke is a major neurological disease that occurs in adults and the elderly, based on the high number of emergencies and the main cause of disability and death. The most common disorder in stroke is weakness or deficits in the musculoskeletal system such as parese or plegia. These conditions will cause various disorders in patients such as decreased muscle tone and strength, muscle weakness which if not treated immediately will lead to contractures, which ultimately cause impaired mobilization. Impaired fulfillment of daily activities and disability. Nursing actions to overcome physical mobility disorders are muscle strengthening exercises, especially in the upper extremities by holding a rubber ball. Purpose:  Help solve the problem of physical mobility disorders to increase muscle strength in stroke patients with rubber ball grasping exercises. Methods: By collecting data from interviews and observations using case studies and subjects in stroke patients with nursing problems. Results:  After performing the exercise of grasping a rubber ball for 2 times in 7 days there is an increase in muscle strength with a muscle strength value of 1/5 to 3/5. Conclusion: The action of grasping rubber ball exercises can increase muscle strength to overcome physical mobility disorders in stroke patients

This study aims to analyze the potential of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in enhancing the local economy through a case study of the Nay-Nay beverage business in Medan City. The research focuses on the contributions of MSMEs to job creation, income generation, improvement of purchasing power, development of local human resource skills, and the involvement of the local community in supply chain activities. A qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and documentation analysis for data collection. The findings indicate that Nay-Nay plays a significant role in strengthening the local economic structure. The business creates employment opportunities for the surrounding community, increases household income, and contributes to the development of workforce competencies relevant to the food and beverage service industry. Moreover, the inclusion of local suppliers in the procurement of raw materials and distribution processes generates a multiplier effect that stimulates the local business ecosystem. Nonetheless, the enterprise faces notable challenges such as limited access to capital, price volatility of raw materials, and intense market competition. Overall, this study affirms that MSMEs are crucial drivers of inclusive and sustainable economic development and highlights the need for policy interventions that enhance managerial capacity and improve access to financing for small business actors.

Latihan fartlek merupakan salah satu latihan lari bervariasi yang berfokus pada kecepatan untuk meningkatkan daya tahan jantung dan paru, diantaranya adalah VO2max (volume oksigen maksimal).VO2max merupakan jumlah maksimal oksigen yang dapat dikomsumsi seseorang selama melakukan aktivitas fisik yang intens sampai akhirnya terjadi kelelahan, Kurangnya aktivitas fisik sangat mempengaruhi kebugaran tubuh seseorang yang berhubungan dengan kadar VO2max dalam tubuh. Disebut juga sebagai kekuatan aerobik yang kapasitas daya tahan kardiorespiratori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan fartlek terhadap peningkatan VO2max pada mahasiswi Prodi Ners Tingkat 1 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Santa Elisabeth Medan tahun 2024. Metode yang digunakan one-group pretest design, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling, jumlah responden sebanyak 20 orang. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah cooper test 12 minute. Hasil yang diperoleh rerata nilai VO2max mahasiswi Prodi Ners tingkat 1 sebelum intervensi latihan fartlek adalah =13.86 ml/kgBB/min (SD5.00), rerata nilai VO2max sesudah intervensi latihan fartlek adalah 30.73 ml/kgBB/min (SD=4.86). Uji statistik yang digunakan paired sample t-test dengan nilai p value 0,001 artinya ada pengaruh latihan fartlek terhadap peningkatan VO2mx pada mahasiswi Prodi Ners tingkat 1 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Santa Elisabeth medan. Hasil dari penelitian ini Efek latihan fartlek dapat meningkatkan kemampuan atau kinerja paru serta jantung dalam mengambil dan mengelola oksigen agar tubuh mampu melakukan aktivitas fisik ataupun olahraga yang melibatkan otot-otot besar dalam jumlah waktu yang lama tanpa mengalami kelelahan. Latihan fartlek sebagai alternative untuk meningkatkan nilai VO2max pada mahasiswi prodi Ners tingkat 1 sehingga tingkat VO2max semakin baik.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that arises when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot use the insulin it produces properly, diabetic ulcers also referred to as diabetic foot ulcers, are medical conditions characterized by chronic, non-healing, sunken ulcers with edema with clear boundaries. Wounds in diabetic patients occur due to partial or complete damage to the skin that extends to the tissue under the skin, tendons, muscles, bones, or joints that occur in a person suffering from diabetes mellitus. Wound care that is currently developing is modern wound care which has a better rate of development of diabetic wound repair compared to using conventional wound care. The use of dressings must be considered to maintain wound moisture balance, one of the dressings that can be used is zinc cream as a primary dressing. Purpose: To prevent infection and help accelerate granulation growth in diabetic foot wound patients using zinc cream. Methods: By means of data collection and observation using case studies and subjects in diabetic foot wound patients with nursing problems of skin / tissue integrity disorders. Results: After taking wound care measures using zinc cream primary dressing for 12 times in 6 weeks there is a BWAT value in the dorsum pedis area from 37 to 22 and in the planta pedis area from 39 to 24. Conclusion: Treatment using zinc cream as a primary dressing proved effective in accelerating the healing process of diabetic foot wounds.

The increasing number of students in major cities such as Medan has created an urgent need for temporary housing that is adequate, comfortable, and sustainable. In response, the Indonesian government, through the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR), launched the "One Thousand Towers Program," which includes the development of rental apartment buildings (Rusunawa) for students. However, housing provision must go beyond quantity—it must also consider environmental aspects and the quality of life for its occupants. Therefore, a green architecture approach serves as the foundation for the design of environmentally friendly student housing. This project aims to create a vertical residential facility that not only fulfills the basic function of shelter but also supports learning activities, social interaction, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability. The design applies key principles of green architecture such as natural lighting, cross ventilation, the use of eco-friendly materials, and the integration of green open spaces. In addition to double-room residential units, the building is equipped with supporting facilities such as study areas, a library, cafeteria, and rooftop garden. The design methodology integrates both primary and secondary data analysis, as well as a comprehensive site study covering climate, noise levels, circulation, and building orientation. The building form concept is developed modularly and efficiently through mass transformation, resulting in an inner court that provides natural light and air. Supported by energy-saving utilities, this design is expected to offer a student housing solution that is not only functional and aesthetic but also contributes to sustainable and high-quality urban development.

Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg. Hypertension is not only at high risk of suffering from heart disease, but also suffering from other diseases such as nerve, kidney, and blood vessel diseases and the higher the blood pressure the greater the risk, Signs and symptoms of hypertension that are often felt are dizziness, sleep disturbances, blurred vision, and headaches. One of the non-pharmacological treatments that can be done for hypertension sufferers is progressive muscle relaxation. The purpose of this paper is to discuss progressive muscle relaxation therapy for lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The writing method uses a descriptive design with a nursing process approach. The results of the writing show that there is a decrease in blood pressure after progressive muscle relaxation therapy is carried out for 5 days, the results obtained before 150/80 mmHg and after 120/80 mmHg.

Background: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder in the elderly, characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, which negatively impacts quality of life. Data show a significant prevalence of insomnia in the elderly, including at the Malahayati Islamic Hospital in Medan. Non-pharmacological therapies, such as Quran recitation relaxation therapy, offer a promising alternative approach to addressing this problem.

The threat of terrorism involving the use of explosives poses a serious challenge to Indonesia’s national security, particularly in strategic regions such as North Sumatra. The suicide bombing incident at the Medan Police Headquarters in 2018 serves as a clear example of the urgency of preparedness and emergency response by the Bomb Disposal Unit (JIBOM) of the Brimob Unit at the North Sumatra Regional Police. Handling such situations requires not only high-level technical expertise but must also adhere to the principles of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) to ensure the protection of civilians. This study aims to examine the preparedness of the JIBOM Unit, assess emergency handling procedures for explosive threats based on national regulations, and analyze the conformity of these actions with the principles of humanitarian law. The research uses a normative and empirical juridical approach through literature review, field observation, and interviews with JIBOM personnel. The findings reveal that the JIBOM Unit has implemented an effective preparedness system through regular training, the use of modern technologies such as EOD robots and X-ray scanners, and the application of an integrated command system. Emergency handling procedures are carried out in accordance with police standard operating procedures (SOP) while prioritizing civilian safety. From a legal standpoint, JIBOM's actions align with key humanitarian principles such as distinction, proportionality, humanity, and military necessity, even though Indonesia is not in an armed conflict. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening regulations, enhancing inter-agency coordination, and improving public literacy to support the lawful and humane execution of bomb disposal operations.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the most common symptoms in COPD patients is shortness of breath. If this symptom persists, it can worsen the patient's condition, starting with decreased oxygen saturation (SpO2) and increased respiratory rate (RR), potentially leading to death depending on its severity. Therefore, management is required both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. Techniques such as pursed-lips breathing (PLB) and the tripod position have been proven to help improve breathing in COPD patients. This study aimed to implement PLB combined with the tripod position to improve oxygen saturation in COPD patients. The research employed a descriptive design using a case study approach on two patients hospitalized at TK II Putri Hijau Hospital Medan. The intervention was carried out over three days, three times per day, for 15-30 minutes each session. The results showed that on the first day, both cases had an oxygen saturation of 95%; on the second day, it increased to 97%; and on the third day, it further increased to 99%. Both patients demonstrated reduced use of accessory respiratory muscles, more effective respiratory rates, and improved oxygen saturation. These findings indicate that the combination of pursed-lips breathing and the tripod position effectively improves oxygen saturation in COPD patients. This study also suggests that these techniques can serve as recommended non-invasive nursing interventions in healthcare settings.

Low-Income Communities (MBR) often live in Uninhabitable Houses (RTLH) due to financial constraints, which hinder their ability to improve their welfare and meet their basic living needs. The government is responsible for fulfilling the need for Decent Housing (RLH) for the community, which is realized through the Stimulant Assistance for Self-Help Housing (BSPS) program. The BSPS program aims to improve the quality of housing for the community through financial assistance and empowerment. This research was conducted in Belawan Bahari Village, Medan Belawan District, Medan City, which is a coastal area prone to tidal flooding. The main informants in this study were the Chairpersons of Assistance Recipient Groups I and II of the BSPS Program. Additional informants included the Head of Neighborhood Unit XII in Belawan Bahari Village. Key informants consisted of the Commitment Making Officer for Self-Help Housing and RUK, as well as Technical Experts from BSPS who are responsible for the activities and implementation of the BSPS program in Belawan Bahari. Data collection techniques were carried out through literature studies and field studies, including observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained in the field were then analyzed qualitatively by the researcher to draw conclusions from the research findings. The results indicated that the BSPS program in Belawan Bahari Village was effective in providing decent housing for aid recipients. This effectiveness was assessed based on program effectiveness indicators determined by Sutrisno, demonstrating success in terms of program understanding, targeting accuracy, timeliness of implementation, achievement of objectives, and tangible changes for aid recipients. Decent housing was evaluated based on building durability, adequacy of living space, access to safe drinking water, proper sanitation, as well as lighting and ventilation.

Traditional markets play a central role in the local economic system and the social life of communities, particularly in Medan City. However, the dynamics of urbanization, competition from modern retail, and changes in consumer behavior have posed significant challenges to their sustainability. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the strategic location of traditional markets and their economic performance using a mixed-methods approach and spatial analysis. The research focuses on six traditional markets in Medan City: Petisah Market, Sukaramai Market, Beruang Market, Ikan Lama Market, Sei Sikambing Market, and Pringgan Market. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale and analyzed descriptively and correlationally, while qualitative data were gathered through field observations and in-depth interviews to interpret the socio-spatial context of each market. The key variables include accessibility, commodity diversity, and environmental comfort, which are linked to economic performance indicators such as visitor numbers, buyer loyalty, and sales stability. The results show that Petisah, Pringgan, and Ikan Lama Markets scored highest in these variables and demonstrated better economic performance. Correlation analysis identified commodity diversity as the most influential factor on economic performance, followed by environmental quality and accessibility. To strengthen the analysis, a SWOT model was also applied to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by traditional markets. This analysis reveals that the primary strengths of the markets lie in their location and social interaction, while the main challenges stem from a lack of modern management and pressure from digital markets. This study recommends development strategies based on local advantages, infrastructure modernization, market information digitalization, and cultural promotion as steps to sustainably enhance the competitiveness of traditional markets amid urban spatial changes.

Sidewalks are a crucial element of urban infrastructure that support pedestrian mobility. However, on Jalan Dr. Mansyur, Medan Selayang, sidewalk conditions present various problems, such as damaged surfaces, a lack of accessibility facilities, and the presence of street vendors occupying the lanes. This study aims to analyze the impact of sidewalk quality on pedestrian activity by examining three main factors: the physical condition of the sidewalk, environmental safety, and accessibility. Using a mixed methods approach, the sample for the quantitative approach was taken using a stratified random sampling method with a total of 150 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software, while qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants. The results showed that sidewalk accessibility had the strongest relationship with pedestrian activity (correlation coefficient 0.72), followed by the physical condition of the sidewalk (0.68) and environmental safety (0.55). Minimal accessibility factors, such as the lack of special lanes for the disabled, proved to be the main obstacle to pedestrian activity. In addition, the damaged physical condition of the sidewalk and the use of sidewalks for activities that are not in accordance with their function further reduce user comfort. Based on these findings, key recommendations include physical improvements to sidewalks with regard to the principles of universal accessibility, including the addition of dedicated lanes for the disabled, repair of damaged surfaces, and reconfiguration of spaces to discourage use by street vendors. The government needs to ensure adequate street lighting to improve user safety. The public is expected to maintain the function of sidewalks by utilizing them according to their intended purpose, while future researchers are advised to explore the impact of sidewalk improvements on broader social and economic aspects, as well as consider the integration of technology in sidewalk design and management. The conclusion of this study is the need for collaborative action between the government, the community, and other relevant parties to create inclusive sidewalk infrastructure that supports active mobility.

Anemia is a medical condition characterized by a lower-than-normal number of red blood cells or hemoglobin levels in the blood. This results in a reduced ability of the blood to carry oxygen throughout the body. Consequently, individuals with anemia may experience various symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, and shortness of breath. The main causes of anemia are generally due to a lack of knowledge about this condition and deficiencies in nutrients such as iron.The purpose of this study is to determine the level of knowledge among ninth-grade female students regarding the prevention of anemia and their ability to prevent it. This study uses a descriptive research method, focusing on describing the level of knowledge of ninth-grade female students about the prevention of anemia.The study uses the Total Sampling method as the sampling technique, which means that all members of the population are included as respondents. Therefore, the number of respondents in this study is equal to the total population of female students, which are 54 individuals. Data collection is conducted using a closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 20 items covering indicators such as the definition of anemia, its etiology, signs and symptoms, treatment, and prevention.The results of the study show that knowledge regarding the definition of anemia is in the good category for 35 respondents (64.8%), knowledge about etiology is in the fair category for 35 respondents (64.8%), knowledge of signs and symptoms was in the fair category for 45 respondents (83.3%), knowledge about treatment is in the good category for 33 respondents (61.1%), and knowledge of prevention is in the fair category for 32 respondents (59.3%).It is hoped that by increasing the knowledge of ninth-grade female students about the prevention of anemia, schools and health workers can work together to carry out regular health education.

This study aims to highlight the effectiveness of the Directed Research Method in science classes highlighting Heat Transfer and Its Benefits in Daily Life for fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 060837 Medan. Considering the use of quantitative data, this study falls into the quantitative research category. The approach used is a quasi-experimental method, characterized by changing standard conditions to specific conditions, while monitoring and regulating external factors that may affect the research results. The study design involved two classes that received different treatments. A striking difference was seen in the science learning achievement of students taught with the Directed Research Method compared to those who did not receive the intervention. This was reflected in the average post-test results reaching 75.2 for students who learned using the Directed Research Method, while the average post-test results for students taught with the traditional method were 74.2. These findings indicate that students who participated in learning through the Directed Research Method obtained higher average scores in science lessons compared to those who did not receive the treatment. This test was applied to test the hypothesis. The t-test analysis of the learning outcomes of both classes showed a t-test value that exceeded the t-table value, namely 4.46 compared to 1.669. The acceptance of Ha shows that the Directed Research Method successfully supports the teaching of Heat Transfer and Its Benefits in Daily Life to fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 060837 Medan in the 2024/2025 academic year. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Directed Research Method has a significant influence on science lessons that discuss Heat Transfer and Its Benefits in Daily Life.