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This study aims to analyze the concepts of solidarity and social justice from the perspective of the Catholic Church as taught in the Octogesima Adveniens. The Church's social teachings, especially those related to solidarity and social justice, have an important role in encouraging the formation of a more just and humane society. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method to analyze the main texts in Octogesima Adveniens as well as other relevant documents of the Church's social teachings. Content analysis was conducted to explore the concepts of solidarity and social justice contained in the encyclical, as well as its relation to the social, economic and political challenges of the time. The results show that the teachings in Octogesima Adveniens are still very relevant to be applied in dealing with the problem of social inequality in the modern world, with an emphasis on the importance of active participation of the faithful in changing unjust social structures. Solidarity and social justice, according to the Church, are not just a matter of theory, but also require real action to realize more just social change. The study concludes that the Church has an important role in guiding Catholics to realize a more inclusive and just society, and provides recommendations for the application of the principles of the Church's social teachings in today's socio-political context.

In writing this article, the author examines the role of the laity in the church, highlighting the development of their participation methods over time. The laity, as non-clergy members, contributed to the mission of the church and the spread of the gospel. From an active role in the early church, they experienced a transformation in the middle ages, but the protestant reformation restored their involvement through the concept of the "priesthood of all believers." the research method used is a literature study with qualitative analysis of relevant documents and literature. This study shows that the laity are not only recipients of teachings, but also agents of significant change in life

The presence of metaverse which is the result of the development of digital technology has been adapted by some churches so that it has given rise to a new model of worship and church, namely the metaverse church. The presence of metaverse technology provides new opportunities and challenges for the church of the future. This research is intended so that the church is able to maximize the implementation of the great commission and the implementation of the church's three tasks by utilizing metaverse technology. This research uses qualitative methods and literature studies. The results of the study revealed a lack of uniformity of opinion among churches regarding the implementation of the great commission in the metaverse world, but the church has the opportunity to optimize service and implementation of the great commission with metaverse technology and the church must prepare itself well to overcome the challenges of the presence of metaverse technology.

Spiritual growth of Youth is the process of growing in size or growing in the spirituality and context of Christianity. Spiritual growth involves trying to guide individuals who do not yet have a personal attachment to Jesus Christ toward a connection with Him, so that they can become part of God's responsible community [Latif Helen Farida, "The Influence of Teaching and Fellowship on the Spiritual Growth of Children and Adolescents," Christian Theology and Ministry (2017), 120.]. Rotto Marinus, means that spiritual growth is to provide teaching in the truth of God's word which is sown through teaching and fellowship. Therefore, in the context of pastoral ministry, a pastor of the congregation needs to teach the truth of God's word to Youth members. The pastor of the congregation plays a role in encouraging all members of the Youth to increase their spiritual growth. Good spiritual growth is greatly appreciated by Christ Jesus through His words. This study aims to explain the role of pastoral ministry on the spiritual growth of youth in the Church of the Indonesia Christian Church, Gospel of the Majapahit Satellite Kingdom, Semarang. To answer the problems and objectives of the research, qualitative research methods are used by applying data collection. The result of the research to be achieved is that the pastor of the church as a spiritual leader who plays an intense role in order to be able to increase the spiritual growth of youth well according to the teachings of Jesus in His word.

The elderly (elderly) is a human being who has reached the age of 60 years and above, who is susceptible to various diseases related to changes and declines in mental, physical, economic, and social aspects. These problems affect the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to explain the quality of life of the elderly in the Elderly Nursing Home and the Role of the Church in it. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with observations in the field, interviews with sources, and with literature. The role of the church is very important in meeting the spiritual needs to build spiritually. A church that serves the elderly is a church that does God's will, called to provide proper service and place for the elderly who are abandoned. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the presence of the church in providing services has an effect on the quality of life of the elderly.

The word mission is derived from Misio Dei, meaning that the Triune God plays a role in it, God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Understanding the role of the Triune God in Misio Dei will help a strong mission movement in the church. The church is the channel of God's mission to proclaim the good news that the Kingdom of God has come. The church is responsible for carrying out God's mission so that the mission movement remains sustainable. The younger generation is the only successor to the mission movement in the church, therefore it is necessary to discover the obstacles in the mission movement in the younger generation so that the church continues carrying on the mission. JKI Injil Kerajaan Church is one of the churches whose mission is to build a generation of disciple leaders who are pleasing to God and impact others. The younger generation at the JKI IK Church has not become missionaries since 2020. The factor that influenced the decline in missionaries at the JKI IK Church was the existence of an identity crisis. This self-identity crisis can be addressed by strengthening the relationship with the Holy Spirit. In addition, we must learn from the expansion of the early church where the supporting factors for the expansion of the early church were the renewing power of the Gospel, fruitful and reaping evangelistic motivation, context-appropriate service variations, conducive geo-political factors and recruiting workers for the expansion of church missions.

The history of the spread of Christianity in Indonesia cannot be separated from the role of missionaries who came during the colonial period. This research aims to explore the role of missionaries in the spread of Christianity in Indonesia and its impact on social, educational and political changes in the country. Missionaries, both Catholic and Protestant, played a dual role in this process: on the one hand, they sought to spread Christianity; on the other hand, they also functioned as colonial agents that strengthened colonial power. In this context, the Christianization process is often seen as part of a colonial strategy to maintain dominance over local communities. The social impact of the spread of Christianity was significant, especially in shaping new social structures. Missionaries introduced a formal education system that gave access to communities that were previously unreached by education, such as in the Minahasa and Tapanuli regions. The education provided by missionaries covered basic learning, including reading, writing and arithmetic, which became an important foundation for the development of Indonesian society. However, the spread of Christianity also led to social tensions and conflicts, especially in areas where the majority of the population is Muslim. These tensions, according to some observers, were the result of the close relationship between Christianity and colonial rule. These conflicts still continue today.

The history of the development of the Eastern Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire reflects the close relationship between politics and religion. This study examines how the Eastern Orthodox Church was formed and developed in the context of an empire that dominated the eastern regions of the Christian world. The main issues that arise are the Church's dependence on imperial patronage, internal conflicts such as iconoclasm, and the schism with the Western Church (Schism of 1054), which played a role in the formation of the Eastern Orthodox identity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the development of the Eastern Orthodox Church in the political, cultural, and theological context of the Byzantine Empire. It also explores the imperial influence on the church hierarchy and the evolution of theological teachings, as well as understanding how these dynamics shaped the unique characteristics of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The research method used is qualitative with a historical approach, through the analysis of literature and council documents. Data was drawn from various primary and secondary sources to explore the relationship between the church and the empire. The results show that the Eastern Orthodox Church flourished under Byzantine protection. Internal conflicts such as iconoclasm and external challenges such as the Great Schism affected the historical development of the church. Although the Byzantine Empire collapsed in 1453, its influence remained inherent in the traditions and hierarchy of the Eastern Orthodox Church that persist to this day.

Acts 1:8 became an important foundation for the mission of the early church to function as an agent of change in the world. In this verse, Jesus calls his disciples to be His witnesses in various regions, from Jerusalem to the ends of the earth, while emphasizing the importance of cross-cultural missions in the development of the church. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a biblical approach. sThe rapid spread of the Gospel reflects the universal appeal of Christ's message that transcends cultural and geographical boundaries, and its relevance for all people. Thus, the mission of the early church not only changed the spiritual lives of individuals, but also had a significant social impact, including strengthening communities, caring for the poor, and defending human rights. The results of this article review show an answer that mission is not just the task of a few people, but is the collective responsibility of all believers to create a better and more just world, in accordance with the teachings of Christ.

Acts 1:8 became an important foundation for the mission of the early church to function as an agent of change in the world. In this verse, Jesus calls his disciples to be His witnesses in various regions, from Jerusalem to the ends of the earth, while emphasizing the importance of cross-cultural missions in the development of the church. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a biblical approach. sThe rapid spread of the Gospel reflects the universal appeal of Christ's message that transcends cultural and geographical boundaries, and its relevance for all people. Thus, the mission of the early church not only changed the spiritual lives of individuals, but also had a significant social impact, including strengthening communities, caring for the poor, and defending human rights. The results of this article review show an answer that mission is not just the task of a few people, but is the collective responsibility of all believers to create a better and more just world, in accordance with the teachings of Christ.

Generation Z is the generation born between 1997 – 2012, who in 2023 will be 11 – 26 years old (Beresford Research). Some of Generation Z in 2024 will be teenagers. During this time, teenagers often face difficult times in finding their identity. Especially in generation Z, who were born in the midst of very rapid developments, especially in the internet era, which requires teenagers to be able to master it well. Along with the positive impacts that occur, negative impacts also affect teenagers today. The challenges and challenges faced by teenagers can have a negative impact on their future success. Therefore, there is a need for mentors around them to direct them. Faith is the basis that generation Z must have to be able to adapt in the search for identity and compete in a very rapid era of development. In this way, the Church plays a very important role in building the growth of faith of generation Z. This faith growth research was carried out at the JKI Mahanaim Church in Blitar City, East Java in order to increase the growth of faith of generation Z in the internet era in Blitar City and form a new concept in the world of pastoral ministries. This research uses a literature study method with a qualitative and descriptive approach. Researchers used James W Fowler's theory of faith growth to determine indicators of Generation Z experiencing faith growth. From the results of this research, it is hoped that Church Leaders and Mentors will pay special attention to the growth of faith and ways to build the faith of Generation Z.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Articles of Association and Bylaws (AD/ART) in realizing an orderly and growing church. The Church as a spiritual and social organization needs an orderly system to achieve its ministry goals effectively and sustainably. Through a qualitative-descriptive approach, data was collected through literature studies, observations, and interviews with leaders and congregation members in several local churches. The results of the study show that AD/ART plays a role as a structural guideline that regulates the duties, authorities, and responsibilities of the ministry, as well as as the foundation of ministry ethics that maintains integrity and order in the church body. In addition, AD/ART has also proven to be a strategic instrument in encouraging church growth through long-term planning, leadership regeneration, congregation participation, and accountable financial management. Consistent implementation of AD/ART creates organizational stability, strengthens the church's identity, and increases the trust and involvement of congregation members. Thus, AD/ART is a crucial element in the construction of a healthy, orderly, and sustainable growing church.

This article discusses the importance of developing a Christian Religious Education (PAK) model based on Christian theology and implemented through the active role of the church in carrying out the Great Commission. True Christian education does not only convey doctrinal information, but also forms the character, spirituality, and calling of the people based on the word of God. The church is positioned as a learning community and the main implementer of the contextual, transformative, and biblical theology-rooted faith education process. Through a qualitative-descriptive approach and literature study, this paper emphasizes that theological foundations, such as God as the source of education, the Bible as the basis of teaching, Christ as the focus, and the church as the implementer, are inseparable elements of PAK. Christian Religious Education based on theology provides clear direction in designing content, methods, and learning objectives that are in line with God's will. Thus, this education model is expected to be able to answer the challenges of the times, strengthen the faith of the congregation, and produce strong and relevant followers of Christ in society.  

Divorce is a reality that occurs in the church with various complex causal factors ranging from economic problems, domestic violence, infidelity, quarrels and several other causes. Divorce causes deep emotional wounds and various deviant behaviors in both children and their parents. Children become sensitive individuals, easily angered, depressed and even have suicidal tendencies. This research was conducted at five GBIs located in West Jakarta. The research sources were five people from teenagers to adults whose parents were divorced. This type of research is field research and the author uses qualitative methods. The research results show that divorce is indiscriminate, it can happen to congregations and servants of God. The divorce that occurred in five GBIs gave rise to complex deviant behavior such as LGBT and suicidal thoughts. The author's findings show that the problem of parental divorce does not cause children to abandon their worship as much as 80% of respondents and only 20% have a major impact. Meanwhile, at school, there was no visible decline in children's grades. As many as 80% of respondents showed good enthusiasm for learning and achieving achievements at school. The remaining 20% ​​of their learning achievement decreased. From this analysis it can be concluded that the impact of divorce on children's worship and school grades is very small.

The role of a father is crucial in a family for the emotional health of Generation Z children. However, the phenomenon occurring, particularly in the JKI Anugerah Allah church in Sidoarjo, has not been adequately controlled. The aim of this paper is to provide a deeper understanding of the importance of the quality of the father-child relationship and the significance of the church's involvement in supporting it. The method used is qualitative with a case study approach. In certain cases, during Sunday School services, some children, especially boys, still appear indifferent to the activities and show little respect for the Sunday School teachers. Therefore, it is essential for the church and family to collaborate in taking appropriate actions for the emotional well-being of children in the future.

This community service activity was conducted at the Catholic Church of Santu Petrus Pariti, Kupang Regency, involving 124 participants for blood type examinations and 69 participants for blood pressure and glucose level tests. The event began with a retreat by the Medical Laboratory Technology students aimed at raising community awareness about health. A positive response was observed through the enthusiasm of the community, who actively asked questions, indicating that they gained new knowledge related to health examinations. In blood type examinations conducted at TK Santa Maria Pariti and SEKAMI, it was found that among 18 female and 22 male children, 5 participants had blood type A, 15 had blood type B, 17 had blood type O, and 1 had blood type AB. Additionally, glucose level tests revealed that 4 participants had normal glucose levels, while 65 had abnormal levels. Blood pressure tests among the elderly showed 16 with abnormal readings and 53 with normal readings. The examination results provided an initial overview of the health status of the local community, highlighting variations in blood types, glucose levels, and blood pressure conditions. This activity is expected to enhance awareness of the importance of regular health check-ups among the community.

This study focuses on the involvement of the Church in interpreting pluralism in Indonesia. This article describes the efforts of the Catholic Church in addressing diversity in Indonesia through two different but complementary research approaches: quantitative method using questionnaires and qualitative method involving literature review. The quantitative approach involves data collection through questionnaires distributed to various members of the Catholic Church. The numerical data generated from the questionnaires are then statistically analyzed to identify patterns, preferences, and common views related to the synodality and diakonia of the Church. Meanwhile, the qualitative approach involves in-depth analysis through literature study, encompassing an understanding of the concepts of synodality and diakonia of the Church, as well as a review of literature relevant to the Indonesian context. This article aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the role of the Catholic Church in addressing differences and promoting unity in the multicultural context of Indonesia. Thus, this article is expected to make a valuable contribution to the understanding and discussion of the challenges and potential of the synodality and diakonia of the Church in unifying diversity in Indonesia.

In this era of globalization, women as leaders are not only in the secular world. Women's leadership in the spiritual world has emerged, one of which is when a woman is appointed as a pastor. To become a good leader, you can prepare yourself by learning about leadership. However, there are also those who have not had the chance to learn about leadership but have been appointed as leaders. This happens when a pastor's wife is suddenly appointed as a church leader in urgent conditions due to the death of her husband. This case was experienced by several pastors of the JKI Synod of the Semarang Regional Coordination as pastors replacing their husbands who died. In this study, the author aims to find out when a leadership transition occurs, is the pastor's wife ready to lead? How does the congregation respond to the transition of leadership from husband to pastor's wife? When the transition occurs, is there progress or decline in terms of the number of congregations, church management systems. In this study, the author uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Where the author collects data by interviewing participants as a source of information. In addition to interviews, literature related to leadership is also used. Thus, it is expected that the results of this study can provide a solution when there is a transition of leadership in the church, the wife is ready to shepherd by having leadership skills so that it will not cause problems when someone accepts the transition of leadership and can be applied in Christian leadership

Liquor (Sopi) is a drink that contains alcohol which is fermented from brown sugar or granulated sugar and the roots of the herb are mixed together and then distilled. If consumed excessively it will cause bad things to both physical and spiritual health. Alcohol can also make someone lose consciousness because they consume too much. Apart from that, behavior and thinking are chaotic, causing commotion or quarrels which result in victims. This is part of the abuse of alcoholic drinks among local congregations and continues to increase from year to year. Community members in the city of Kupang have a habit of consuming alcoholic drinks every day and also at large events such as traditional events, weddings, Christmas and New Year. The church is here to provide solutions or directions to the congregation not to consume alcoholic drinks.

Liquor (Sopi) is a drink that contains alcohol which is fermented from brown sugar or granulated sugar and the roots of the herb are mixed together and then distilled. If consumed excessively it will cause bad things to both physical and spiritual health. Alcohol can also make someone lose consciousness because they consume too much. Apart from that, behavior and thinking are chaotic, causing commotion or quarrels which result in victims. This is part of the abuse of alcoholic drinks among local congregations and continues to increase from year to year. Community members in the city of Kupang have a habit of consuming alcoholic drinks every day and also at large events such as traditional events, weddings, Christmas and New Year. The church is here to provide solutions or directions to the congregation not to consume alcoholic drinks.