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Sleep is a crucial part of the human circadian cycle. The quality and quantity of sleep significantly influence various aspects of health, both physical and psychological. The hormone melatonin, which plays a vital role in sleep regulation, is produced as the intensity of light received by the eyes decreases. Currently, the use of lights and electronic devices emitting blue light is widespread, especially among teenagers to adults. This blue light can interfere with the production of melatonin, potentially disrupting sleep quality and patterns. In this age group, most are active students with busy schedules. This study uses a sequential explanatory design approach, combining quantitative and qualitative questionnaires to collect data and measure the impact of light on sleep duration and patterns. The respondents of this study were 71 people, coming from various universities and different study programs in Bandung City, ranging in age from 18 to 25 years. The research data results show that 38.6% of respondents experience sleep disturbances when the light is on, impacting sleep quality. Conversely, sleep quality improvement occurs in 81.4% of respondents when sleeping with the light off. The use of night mode on electronic devices, designed to reduce blue light emissions, positively impacts sleep quality, as felt by 38% of the 67.1% of respondents who use the night mode feature.

One of the government programs created to realize MBKM (Free Learning and Independent Campus) activities is the Teaching Campus. This program is intended for students as agents of change to increase human resources by contributing and providing innovation to educational problems, especially in learning activities. This campus teaching activity includes several activities regarding literacy and numeracy, adapting technology to more innovative methods. The Covid-19 pandemic has caused changes in students' learning patterns (Learning Loss), which has had a major impact on children's interest in learning, understanding of the material and learning outcomes. In connection with existing problems, the aim of writing this journal is to have a direct impact on holding campus teaching programs. Research or studies from this journal were carried out using a qualitative approach in the form of collecting data on learning outcomes during the program. The results of research and studies show that there is an increase in students' interest in learning by using learning media that is more exciting and fun. Apart from that, this learning method is very effective in increasing the value of the learning outcomes of class V students at SDN Simokerto I / 134. Good learning outcomes come from good learning methods, because interest in learning is proportional to the understanding gained too.

Humans are individual creatures and social creatures. Thus, human life activities will always be accompanied by a process of interaction or communication, whether interaction with the natural environment, interaction with fellow individuals, or interaction between teachers and students, whether intentional or unintentional (Sardiman, 2004). The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. This method is used because this research aims to describe interaction patterns in learning as they are. The researcher is the key instrument for combined data collection techniques, data analysis is qualitative, and the results of qualitative research emphasize meaning rather than general conclusions from an event. The data results are in accordance with the research objectives, namely in the form of one-way interaction patterns, two-way interaction patterns, and multi-way interaction patterns used in learning to write poetry. The results obtained from each of these data are (1) one-way interaction patterns (5 data), (2) two-way interaction patterns (6 data), and (3) multi-way interaction patterns (3 data). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that one-way interaction patterns and two-way interaction patterns are the interaction patterns most widely used between teachers and class VIII students in learning to write descriptive text.

The impact of social media on economic changes in society can be seen from various aspects. Social media has had a significant impact especially in consumer behavior, marketing and business interactions. Apart from that, social media also influences people's social and economic behavior patterns, such as adapting to new habits, communication patterns, and creating a digital entrepreneurial ecosystem. Social media also has positive impacts, such as making interaction easier, expanding reach, and obtaining information at lower costs. However, there are also negative impacts, such as decreased face-to-face interaction, potential for addiction, conflict, and privacy issues. The use of social media has also initiated changes in social and economic behavior, for example in the case of farmers switching to the agrotourism sector due to social media activities, as well as influencing the presence of agrotourism and collaboration with outside parties. Thus, it can be concluded that social media has a significant role in shaping social and economic change in society, both in positive and negative terms.

Social media serves as a tool that enables individuals to easily interact with each other without the constraints of time, distance, location, or additional costs. Its usage has become a societal necessity, bringing both positive and negative impacts on cultural and social changes. The presence of social media has deeply integrated into modern society, becoming an inseparable element of mass media. Its effects are evident in the transformation of norms, habits, and attitudes gradually eroded by the advancements in mass media, replaced by new patterns of behavior. The ongoing technological advancements, particularly in social media, require attention to ensure that the society does not fall prey to its negative effects.  

Community service activities in the context of KKNT SDG’s which have been carried out in flat B block, Gunung Anyar Village, RW 4, RT 4, Surabaya, use an approach in the form of educational outreach to the children of flat residents starting from pre-school to grade 6 of elementary school. The aim of this service is to provide understanding and awareness from an early age about the importance of a clean and healthy lifestyle to minimize disease and malnutrition. The materials practiced through this activity are washing hands with soap and clean water, eating healthy food, and throwing rubbish in the right place. The results of the socialization have the impact of increasing the enthusiasm and understanding of the children who have participated. Therefore, cooperation between the government and the community is needed in providing education and facilities to implement a clean and healthy lifestyle from an early age.

In general, this research aims to find out how young married couples communicate in maintaining household harmony in Tobing Julu village, Huristak sub-district, Padang Lawas district, what are the factors that cause young marriages in Tobing Julu village, Huristak sub-district, Padang Lawas district, how do young married couples behave? in resolving conflicts that occur within households in Tobing Julu village, Huristak sub-district, Padang Lawas district. This type of research uses qualitative methods through a descriptive approach which aims to describe information in detail according to the reality that occurs at the research location. Data was obtained through observation and interviews. Data analysis for this research uses a version of the Miles and Hermawan data model which includes data collection, data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing/verification. The results of the research show that the factors causing young marriages in Tobing Julu village, Huristak sub-district, Padang Lawas district are economic, parents and their own will, the communication patterns used by young married couples in maintaining household harmony in Tobing Julu village, Huristak sub-district, Padang Lawas district are cooperative communication patterns and defensive communication patterns and the way young married couples resolve conflicts in Tobing Julu village, Huristak sub-district, Padang Lawas district, is to communicate well, be open to each other, lower the ego of each partner and accept all forms of the partner's strengths and weaknesses.

The aim of this research is to apply an a priori algorithm to determine vegetable purchasing patterns and analyze the results in order to control vegetable stocks at Sawargaloka Hydroponic Hydrofarm. The need for quality and safe food supplies is increasing along with population growth, where plants are grown without using land, but using nutrient solutions that are rich in important substances, the application of data mining using the Apriori method can provide valuable insight into the purchasing patterns of hydroponic vegetables by customers. By understanding these patterns, companies can improve marketing strategies, plan production more efficiently, and provide product recommendations to customers. The results of analytical research using the Apriori method on hydroponic vegetable purchase data at Sawargaloka Hydrofarm, it can be concluded that the application of data mining has great potential in identifying significant purchasing patternsa

Diabetes is a non-communicable disease. Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world and is characterized by increased levels of glucose in the body. This metabolic disease occurs as a result of insufficient insulin secretion. Considering that every person has the right to have, to live a healthy, sustainable and prosperous life. The main target of this activity is the Lateri Village community. Socialization activities are carried out using 1 method, which is power point presentation of material. The specific objectives of implementing socialization to prevent diabetes with Tropicana Slim include increasing awareness of safe, healthy and sustainable living, as well as bringing positive changes in sustainable lifestyle behavior patterns by consuming Tropicana Slim products to stabilize sugar levels in the body.

Bullying is repeated aggressive behavior by society towards a person which results in victims. Bullying also often occurs, especially among school children. Factors that cause bullying behavior in society or at school include personality factors, interpersonal communication between children and their parents (parenting patterns), the role of peer groups and school climate. This research is descriptive research, aiming to determine the factors that cause bullying behavior in society, especially what often occurs among school children

The concept of the mystical in society embodies an air of mystery, fear, suspense, horror, and the like, leading the inability of society to understand mystical phenomena to drive a high level of curiosity about such occurrences. Even the mystical has become a form of entertainment for society, one of which is through consuming horror content on YouTube. In the present era, Generation Z is a cohort whose lives have evolved with distinct thought patterns compared to preceding generations, parallel to the relentless development of the digital technology world. One manifestation of internet content or YouTube content is the "Langit Kelabu" expedition vlog, which explores mystical mountain climbing expeditions. The content is produced and hosted by a creator named Dzawin Nur Ikram on the YouTube channel "Dzawin Nur." This study aims to ascertain the influence and the extent of impact by the "Langit Kelabu" vlog on the Dzawin Nur YouTube channel on the attitudes of Generation Z toward the mystical. This is approached quantitatively through an explanatory survey method and utilizes purposive sampling for sample collection. The study employs the S-O-R Theory as the overarching research framework. The findings indicate a 44.3% influence of the "Langit Kelabu" YouTube vlog on the attitudes of Generation Z toward mystical phenomena. The conclusion of this study is the presence of a significant or strong correlation coefficient between the "Langit Kelabu" Expedition Vlog and the attitudes of Generation Z towards mysticism, as indicated by the coefficient of determination test results, which also show that there is a moderate level of influence from the "Langit Kelabu" YouTube vlog on the attitudes of Generation Z towards mystical phenomena.

The background for writing this thesis is that the implementation of the Tahfidz Qur'an in the Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Wustha Program at SMP Negeri 4 Tualang is held on Monday-Thursday, the implementation time is 15.00-16.30. In this Tahfidz Qur'an activity, the Wahdah method is used. The Wahdah method is a way to memorize the Al-Qur'an one by one for the verses you want to memorize by reading them 10 to 20 times to form a pattern in the image. This research aims to see how the wahdah method is implemented in tahfidz Qur'an in the Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Wustha Program. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach, meaning that the researcher looks at the implementation of the wahdah method used by Tahfidz teachers. This research uses qualitative descriptive research. The key informant in this research was the Tahfidz teacher at SMP Negeri 4 Tualang, while the supporting informants were class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Tualang. Observation, Interview and Documentation data collection techniques. Data validation technique: triangulation technique. data analysis techniques: data presentation, data selection, and conclusion drawing. Based on the findings of research conducted by the author, the results show that: in the 2023/2024 academic year, teachers changed the system with the first 3 months focusing on Tahfidz Qur'an only to achieve the target of Siak, namely a minimum of students memorizing 1 juz. After the initial 3 months ended, students returned to studying as before, namely studying the subjects of Fiqh, Aqidah Akhlak, Al-Qur'an Hadith, Tarekh and Arabic. The steps for implementing the Wahdah Method at SMP Negeri 4 Tualang are, memorizing verse by verse and confirming the reading. In carrying out tahfidz Qur'an activities using the wahdah method, it has several benefits, namely making it easier for students to memorize, their memorization memory is stronger, some students get the letters correct. At the beginning of the first month it went well using this method. Then students feel bored in using this method. Because there are some students whose memorization is quite far, because using this method students feel they cannot increase their memorization deposit, because this method memorizes surahs together. The solution is to exchange or combine the wahdah method with another method. Or change the method in tahfidz Qur'an.

This study aims to determine: (1) Production costs of the H. Asep cabbage nursery in Callingan Village, Pasirwangi District, Garut Regency; (2) Profitability of the H. Asep cabbage plant nursery in Callingan Village, Pasirwangi District, Garut Regency; (3) The marketing channel for the H. Asep cabbage plant nursery in Callingan Village, Pasirwangi District, Garut Regency; (4) The amount of marketing margin for cabbage seedlings for each level of the institution. The method used is descriptive quantitative and data collection is done by data collection techniques with interviews and questionnaires as a guide. Respondents were determined by purposive sampling. The sample in this study is the owner of the business unit H. Asep Seeds. Data analysis methods used are cost analysis, profitability analysis, channel analysis and marketing efficiency. The results of this study are two patterns of marketing channels, namely (1) Producers ‒ final consumers, (2) Producers ‒ retailers ‒ final consumers. Based on the results of research on the business of H. Asep cabbage seedlings, the seeds can be said to be efficient with a price share of 73% to 81%.

The research aims to analyze the understanding of emotional development in babies, how cognitive development in babies is, what the risks or dangers are to babies, and what are the implications of infancy development in counseling services. The research method used in this research is library research. It is a search and research of literature by reading and reviewing various journals. Data collection techniques use library research in the form of books, journals and other studies. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis. The results of the research show that babies' emotions are very susceptible to habituation, there are several differences in this pattern and also in the stimuli that cause it. development of understanding. Infant perception through sensory explanations. Like babies looking, feeling, smelling, and painting all objects within their reach. Maturation during infancy usually occurs through direct experience with the environment and interaction with objects and people around them. Dangers during infancy can be physical dangers and psychological dangers. Physical dangers such as excessive crying, it could also be a baby suffering from brain damage or other birth defects. And psychological dangers such as emotional dangers, this usually occurs because a lack of love from parents towards the baby can give rise to unstable emotions in the baby. The implication of development during infancy in counseling services is to ensure the baby's development and provide services according to the baby's condition.

Teenagers are often trapped in unhealthy and irregular eating patterns, even to the point of experiencing eating disorders. Eating disorders due to being busy with school assignments and other life burdens, make them tend to experience stomach problems, namely ulcers or gastritis. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of gastritis in adolescents at SMA Al Hikmah 2 Brebes. This research is a quantitative research with a descriptive correlation design using a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique in this research is Simple Random Sampling. The number of samples in this research was 71 respondents using the Slovin formula, the measuring tool used in this research was a questionnaire. The research results showed that 45 respondents (63.4%) had good eating patterns and 26 respondents (36.6%) had poor eating patterns. From the results of statistical testing using the chi Square statistical test, the p-value = 0.000 (p<0.005) was obtained, so there is a relationship between diet and the incidence of gastritis in teenagers at SMA Al Hikmah 2 Brebes. Suggestions from research are that teenagers can pay attention to their diet to prevent gastritis.

Diarrhea is a condition in which a person has bowel movements with a soft or liquid consistency, it can even be just water and the frequency is more frequent in one day. Diarrheal disease in toddlers is ranked 2 out of the top 10 childhood diseases at the Sadewa Mother and Children Hospital (RSKIA) in May 2022. Knowing the pattern of prescribing diarrhea drugs in toddlers in outpatient care at the Sadewa Mother and Children Hospital for the period January - June 2022. The research conducted was a non-experimental descriptive research with a retrospective method. The study was conducted by taking prescription data from electronic medical records at the Sadewa RSKIA pharmacy and then recording them on a data collection sheet. Data were analyzed using tabulations in the form of percentages (%). The results showed that out of 130 samples, the profile of diarrhea patients under five was dominated by males, 77 children (59%), aged 2-3 years 65 children (50%), and the degree of dehydration of patients without dehydration, 120 children (92%). ). The most widely used drug class was zinc with 120 prescriptions (34.3%), zinc has a protective effect against diarrhea and can reduce recurrence and probiotics with 119 prescriptions (33.8%), probiotic bacteria will help the process of nutrient absorption and prevent disturbances in water absorption. The dominating combination was a combination of 3 drugs namely electrolytes, zinc and probiotics 69 prescriptions (57%), oralit functioned to replace fluids and electrolytes in the body that are wasted during diarrhea, zinc supplementation and probiotics in diarrhea effectively reduced stool output. The rule for using the treatment of diarrhea in toddlers is mostly 1 time a day with a total of 132 drugs (37.7%). The dominating drug was zinc with 117 prescriptions (88.6%) The pattern of prescribing diarrhea drugs in toddlers in this study was dominated by male patients, aged 2-3 years with a degree of dehydration, patients without dehydration. The most widely used drug classes are zinc and probiotic groups. The most common drug combination found is a combination of 3 drugs, namely electrolyte, zinc and probiotic group drugs. The rule for using the treatment of diarrhea in most toddlers is 1 time a day.    

The significant changes in daily life patterns, driven by technological advancements, particularly in the transportation sector, are evident through the emergence of on-demand services such as Gojek. This research aims to explore users' perspectives and opinions regarding service quality, focusing on aspects like driver behavior, responsiveness, and reliability within the Gojek platform. The Naive Bayes method is employed to analyze user sentiments toward the driver services, supported by the Orange software to comprehend the complex patterns in user reviews. Evaluation is conducted on reviews from the Play Store, resulting in an accuracy of 87.4%, F1 score of 87.6%, precision of 87.9%, and recall of 87.4%. These findings indicate the success of the model in identifying and predicting predefined variables. Through the combination of methods and software, the study concludes that sentiment analysis of Gojek's driver services can be performed efficiently and reliably, providing valuable insights for online motorcycle taxi service providers.

This article discusses the important role of language error analysis in improving one's writing skills. Language error analysis plays a crucial role in the language learning process, especially in the development of writing skills. By understanding the errors made in writing, one can identify frequently occurring error patterns and address them. The language error analysis method not only helps correct grammatical errors, but also opens up a deeper understanding of better language structure. With a better understanding of mistakes made, one can improve clarity, coherence, and cohesion in one's writing. This article also highlights how the use of language error analysis techniques in the learning process can provide constructive feedback to writers. Thus, this article emphasizes the importance of language error analysis in supporting the improvement of one's writing ability.  

This research is in-depth about the crucial role of communication in rebuilding and maintaining the solidarity of the Karang Taruna organization in Kedung Kampil Village Rw.04, Porong District, Sidoarjo Regency, after experiencing a period of hiatus from 2015 to 2019. The focus of the research is aimed at the efforts of Ahmad Syafi'udin, The chairman of Karang Taruna, in approaching village youth, forms a clear organizational structure and establishes effective communication. The success of this organization in 2019 reflects the positive impact of establishing a good structure, increasing village youth participation, and implementing various programs, including regular flights every Friday, building sports facilities, commemorating the Republic of Indonesia's Independence Day, and utilizing YouTube social media. The importance of the role of communication in maintaining solidarity is the main highlight, with this research trying to provide an understanding to Karang Taruna members about the significance of communication in developing a better organization. Analysis of communication patterns implemented by the Karang Taruna organization in Kedung Kampil Village is the focus for answering the research problem formulation. In responding to challenges, this organization adopted a revitalization strategy through efforts to increase internal and external communication, improve organizational structure, and design more measurable work programs. In addition, this research discusses the impact of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 on the global business ecosystem, with an emphasis on data technology. The structural transformation of organizations, the application of artificial intelligence, and changes in the paradigm of global business interactions are the central points. The research conclusions show that a deep understanding of these changes is the key to ensuring business sustainability and competitiveness in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0. In recommendations, the study advises companies to invest in human resources skilled in data technology and artificial intelligence and strengthen cross-border partnerships to face challenges and exploit emerging opportunities

This article delves deep into the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in assisting human resources professionals in the recruitment and selection process. AI is a result of the emergence of machine learning, which can mimic human thought patterns and working mechanisms. AI, or artificial intelligence, has been applied in various fields, including quality control in manufacturing, the entertainment industry, autonomous vehicles, and is increasingly making inroads into the realm of recruitment. With the support of algorithms, AI plays a vital role in helping HR professionals filter applicant portfolios, fundamentally transforming the traditional recruitment process. Through a comprehensive analysis drawing from various literature sources, this article seeks to uncover the wide-ranging changes and profound impacts brought by AI into the world of recruitment. The conclusion drawn from this exploration is that AI has the potential to expedite the acquisition of high-quality applicants more efficiently and cost-effectively while also reducing subjectivity in human assessments. However, this transformation is not without concerns about ethics and data security, which require careful consideration.