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Effective communication is a key element in modern public administration, as it serves not only as a means of conveying information but also as a strategic instrument for strengthening inter-agency coordination, increasing public participation, and building public trust in the government. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method, reviewing scientific journals, academic books, and official policy documents to analyze the role of communication in the bureaucracy, identify barriers that hinder its effectiveness, and propose relevant strengthening strategies in the digital era. The results of the study indicate that clear, consistent, and open communication acts as a catalyst in every stage of public policy from formulation, implementation, to evaluation, while simultaneously increasing the government's legitimacy in the eyes of the public. However, several obstacles remain, including the hierarchical organizational structure of the bureaucracy, a closed communication culture, limited communication competency among civil servants, and political intervention that often distorts policy messages. Furthermore, the development of digital technology provides significant opportunities through e-government, social media, and public service applications to expand the reach of communication, but at the same time presents challenges in the form of low digital literacy among civil servants and the public and the risk of spreading false information. To address these issues, recommended communication strengthening strategies include increasing the capacity of civil servants through communication skills training, developing information technology-based communication systems, establishing a more open and participatory organizational culture, and actively involving the public in every stage of public policy. Thus, this study confirms that effective communication is the main foundation of bureaucratic reform, because without inclusive, adaptive, and technology-based communication, public administration will not be able to meet the increasingly dynamic, complex, and critical demands of the public on the quality of government services.

This study discusses the implications of applying Restorative Justice on legal certainty and the protection of victims' rights in cases involving repeat offenders who have committed serious assault in the jurisdiction of the Tapa Police Sector, Bone Bolango. Normatively, Indonesian Police Regulation No. 8 of 2021, Article 5(e), explicitly prohibits the application of Restorative Justice for offenders who have committed repeat criminal offenses based on court rulings. However, the research findings indicate that in practice, law enforcement officials often exercise discretion to facilitate peaceful resolutions even for repeat offenders, citing the need to maintain social relationships and avoid lengthy litigation processes. This approach raises legal certainty issues, as inconsistencies between written norms and field practices can reduce legal predictability, open the door to discrimination, and weaken both general and specific deterrent effects. From the perspective of victim protection, peaceful agreements in cases involving repeat offenders risk not fully reflecting substantive justice, as victims may be in a vulnerable position due to social pressure or unequal power dynamics. This study concludes that the application of Restorative Justice to repeat offenders needs to be strictly limited through more detailed regulations and effective oversight mechanisms, so that the principles of the rule of law, legal certainty, and victim protection are upheld. Thus, Restorative Justice can remain an important instrument in Indonesia's criminal justice system without compromising legal integrity and public safety.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Constitutional Court’s authority in reviewing laws and regulations as a means of upholding constitutional supremacy in Indonesia. Employing both normative and empirical legal research methods, it examines the Constitutional Court’s rulings from 2019 to 2024 and assesses their broader implications for the national constitutional system. The findings reveal several structural weaknesses in the review mechanism, particularly related to the enforcement of decisions and the existence of dualism between the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court in conducting judicial reviews. These shortcomings have created inconsistencies and reduced the optimal impact of the Constitutional Court’s role. To address these issues, the research recommends comprehensive reforms, including the unification of judicial review authority, enhancement of the Constitutional Court’s executorial powers, and expansion of public access to constitutional review procedures. Such measures are expected to strengthen the Court’s role as the guardian of the constitution, improve legal certainty, and support the creation of a more coherent and harmonious legal system in Indonesia.

This study examines the phenomenon of hoax news dissemination through the social media platform TikTok and its impact on Generation Z in Tanjung Pinang. The background of this research is based on the increasing intensity of TikTok usage among young people, making the platform not only a source of entertainment but also an alternative channel of information. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, using in-depth interviews with ten respondents selected through purposive sampling. The findings reveal that although most members of Generation Z are aware of hoaxes, their ability to verify information remains limited, making them easily influenced by provocative viral content. The most common hoaxes encountered are related to political, health, and social issues, which may lead to public unrest and shape public perception. This study highlights the importance of digital literacy as the main defense against the flood of information in the new media era, as well as the need for collaboration among government, educational institutions, and society to strengthen critical awareness in the use of social media.

This article employs a Critical Literature Review (CLR) approach, analyzing studies from 2013–2025 that include academic papers, nationally accredited journals (Sinta 2–4), and reputable international journals indexed by Scopus (Q1–Q4) to understand systemic fraud and audit failure in Indonesia.Previous re-search has mostly explained fraud from individual or organizational views, while few have addressed structural factors such as the normalization of fraud, weak regulatory oversight, and the crisis of auditor legitimacy. The synthesis reveals four main issues. First, systemic fraud in Indonesia has shifted from in-dividual misconduct to a structured socio-economic phenomenon rooted in culture. Second, auditing as a control mechanism remains technically focused, often failing to uncover collusive fraud involving top management. Third, an expectation gap exists between unqualified audit opinions and public demands for assurance against corruption, reducing trust in auditors. Fourth, conflicts of interest arising from audit fee dependence, weak regulation, and limited adoption of audit technology and forensic analytics indicate the need for institutional reform. Therefore, this article calls for an integrative framework that connects individual, organizational, regulatory, and socio-cultural dimensions to address systemic fraud and rein-force public accountability in Indonesia.

Maternal and child health is an important indicator of public health development. However, at Posyandu Cendana, Bekasi, the optimal utilization of services remains low. Challenges include limited community knowledge, particularly among mothers, regarding the importance of posyandu services, low awareness of routine check-ups, and insufficient understanding among cadres in delivering clear and accessible health information. To address these issues, this community service program is designed in the form of socialization activities with participatory and educational approaches. The program covers maternal and child health education, practical training on child growth monitoring, the importance of immunization, balanced nutrition, and reproductive health. The stages include problem identification with cadres and posyandu managers, implementation through interactive lectures, group discussions, and field practice, as well as evaluation using pre-tests, post-tests, and observations of community participation. The program involves lecturers, students, posyandu cadres, and local officials to ensure sustainability. The expected outcomes include improved maternal knowledge of posyandu roles and publication of results in mass media and scientific journals.

The Department of Education and Culture of Situbondo Regency is a government agency responsible for providing administrative services to schools within its jurisdiction. However, based on field survey results, the current system still faces significant challenges due to its lack of integration. For instance, the process of collecting physical documents and tracking application status remains inefficient, leading to various obstacles such as service delays, risks of data loss, inconvenience for applicants, and limited transparency and accountability in data management. To address these issues, this study proposes the design of a web-based school administrative service information system. The system development process employs the Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method (SSADM), which emphasizes systematic and structured procedures to ensure functionality and efficiency. The results of this study highlight the importance of adopting information technology within government institutions, particularly the Department of Education and Culture of Situbondo Regency, as a means of supporting administrative activities. The proposed web-based system is expected to streamline administrative processes, improve service delivery, and enhance transparency in managing school-related data. Moreover, by integrating digital solutions into governance, the system can contribute to strengthening the quality of education management and supporting better decision-making processes. Ultimately, the design of this information system demonstrates the potential of technology to transform public sector services and foster accountability in education governance.

Violent crimes such as armed robbery, terrorism, riots, and hostage-taking pose serious threats to public safety and order. In this context, the Brimob Pelopor Unit of the North Sumatra Regional Police plays a strategic role as a paramilitary police force trained to handle high-intensity threats. This research is driven by the urgency to examine the extent to which Brimob’s role is carried out within the framework of criminal law and the principles of fair, professional, and proportional law enforcement. The aim of this study is to analyze the legal foundations underlying the involvement of the Brimob Pelopor Unit in handling violent crimes, identify operational and institutional obstacles faced, and evaluate the strategies implemented within the context of law enforcement. The method employed is a descriptive qualitative approach, using data collection techniques such as interviews, observations, and document studies. The findings indicate that the Brimob Pelopor Unit of North Sumatra actively participates in operations against armed crime, riot control, and securing vital objects, based on clear legal provisions such as Law No. 2 of 2002 and police regulations regarding the use of force. Key challenges include limited personnel, tactical equipment shortages, bureaucratic delays, and public pressure concerning human rights issues. Nevertheless, various reinforcement strategies are being pursued through intensive training, inter-agency collaboration, and a humanistic approach to community engagement. This study concludes that Brimob’s role is crucial in Indonesia’s law enforcement system, though continuous reform is required to maintain professionalism and legal legitimacy amid complex national security challenges.

Hypertension is one of the global public health issues with serious implications as it may lead to severe complications such as stroke, coronary heart disease, and kidney failure. Elderly individuals are among the most vulnerable groups, with the highest prevalence found in the age group of 65–74 years (57.6%) and those over 75 years (63.8%). Non-pharmacological treatment for hypertension includes regular and consistent elderly gymnastics. This study aims to examine the effect of elderly gymnastics on blood pressure among elderly individuals with hypertension at the Rumoh Sejahtera Geunaseh Sayang Nursing Home, Ulee Kareng, Banda Aceh. The study applied a quasi-experimental design with a deductive approach. The population consisted of 55 elderly individuals, and 17 were selected as the sample using total sampling technique. The elderly gymnastics intervention was conducted three times a week, from April 17th to 22nd, 2025. Blood pressure was measured before and after the intervention using a pre-test and post-test observation sheet. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test, suitable for non-parametric data. Results showed that on the first day, there was no significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.091). On the second day, systolic blood pressure showed a significant decrease (p = 0.003), while diastolic pressure remained non-significant (p = 0.161). On the third session, a significant reduction occurred in both systolic (p = 0.000) and diastolic (p = 0.001) blood pressure. Conclusion: Elderly gymnastics has an effect on reducing blood pressure in elderly individuals with hypertension. This intervention may serve as an effective and applicable non-pharmacological therapy in daily life.

Urban riverbank areas are strategic spaces that hold ecological, social, cultural, and economic significance. In Pematang Siantar City, the Bah Bolon River has the potential to be developed as a sustainable urban ecotourism corridor. However, its current condition is marked by environmental degradation, infrastructure limitations, and poor spatial utilization. This study aims to identify development strategies that integrate environmental conservation, community-based tourism, and urban revitalization through placemaking and sustainable planning. This research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach focusing on the Bah Bolon River area in Pematang Siantar City. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with stakeholders, documentation review, and literature studies. The analysis involved descriptive mapping, SWOT analysis, community preference surveys, and land suitability assessments. Findings revealed that three key river segments—RINDAM I/BB area, Jalan Diponegoro–Jalan Jenderal Sudirman corridor, and the Quan Im Temple zone—exhibit varying levels of potential for ecotourism, cultural heritage, and public green space development. Key issues include pollution, informal land use, weak coordination, and insufficient infrastructure. Development opportunities include white-water rafting, thematic parks, spiritual reflection gardens, and creative economic zones. The study proposes an integrated riverbank development strategy, encompassing spatial zoning, ecological restoration, tourism infrastructure, community empowerment, and regional branding. It recommends the establishment of a multi-sector management agency, master planning, and cross-stakeholder collaboration to transform Bah Bolon River into a sustainable, inclusive, and resilient urban corridor.

The boycott of companies suspected of having ties to Israel has drawn public attention, including Unilever. This research was motivated by the need to understand how Unilever, impacted by the boycott, is attempting to restore its reputation in the eyes of the public. Specifically, this research aims to analyze how the people of Serang City respond to these efforts amidst the turmoil of this sensitive issue. The study used a quantitative approach based on the S-O-R (Stimulus-Organism-Response) theory. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 400 respondents in Serang City. The main focus of the analysis was on three Unilever strategies: a statement of non-involvement in the genocide, providing aid to refugees in Egypt, and offering product discounts at local retailers. The S-O-R theory was used to observe how the company's communication stimuli generate psychological responses and public attitudes toward brand reputation. The study results showed that 68.12% of respondents responded positively to Unilever's efforts, although this figure only slightly exceeded the minimum threshold set in the hypothesis. The majority of the public is more familiar with discount efforts than humanitarian aid or official clarification. Therefore, information transparency and strengthened crisis management need to be optimized to clarify Unilever's position and sustainably strengthen the company's reputation amidst sensitive social and political issues.

The benefits of free health checks in the community are to prevent infectious diseases and further illnesses. Health checks are an effort to detect abnormalities in the body. Health checks should be carried out routinely with the aim of preventing and treating them as quickly as possible. Early detection of disease is a form of education and free health check activities so that the community has awareness to carry out regular health checks as part of promotive and preventive efforts. The main goal of this service is to detect possible diseases and reduce the risk of the disease or treat it more effectively. This service method includes providing health education through the distribution of brochures related to educational materials, accompanied by the implementation of free health checks that involve meetings with Posyandu cadres and the local village head to initiate this service activity. There were 46 participants who took part in the free health check activities. The purpose of this activity was also to help participants better understand the importance of maintaining good health. To help participants better understand the importance of regular health checks to prevent negative impacts in the future, the results of the health checks are used as a guide. On July 30, 2025, the Sukamanah Village community held a free health check socialization program with the aim of increasing public awareness and knowledge about health. The program uses Participatory Action Research (PAR) as a method, benefiting Baros students, the general public, and the community. Outreach efforts have demonstrated that this method has successfully increased public awareness and understanding of health issues. This highlights the need for a more comprehensive health intervention model and research on the program’s long-term impact to maximize positive outcomes for public health.

The Desa Bersinar (Drug Clean Village) program is a strategic initiative designed to prevent and eradicate drug abuse and illicit trafficking (P4GN) at the village level through the active involvement of both the village government and the community. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Desa Bersinar program in Pantai Cermin Kiri Village, Serdang Bedagai Regency, an area recognized as drug-prone due to its coastal geographical conditions and its vulnerability to illicit distribution routes. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, with data gathered through direct observation, in-depth interviews with the program coordinator, six implementing members, program beneficiaries, and two public informants. Additional data were obtained from documentation and relevant literature to provide a more comprehensive perspective. Data analysis was conducted through three stages: reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, ensuring systematic interpretation of findings. The results indicate that the Desa Bersinar program in Pantai Cermin Kiri Village has successfully implemented two of the three indicators outlined in David C. Korten’s theory of successful program implementation, specifically program elements and implementing organizational elements. These include clear structures of coordination, division of responsibilities, and collaboration among stakeholders. However, the third indicator—supportive environmental elements—has not been fully realized. Challenges include limited resources, lack of sustainable community participation, and insufficient external support from higher levels of government. Overall, the program demonstrates significant progress in combating drug-related issues, but its sustainability requires stronger environmental support, broader community empowerment, and multi-sectoral collaboration to ensure long-term effectiveness.

This study aims to discuss the implementation issues of Gresik Regency Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2002 as an effort to overcome street prostitution. Gresik Regency, known as the City of Islamic Students, faces challenges related to prostitution practices. Although Gresik Regency only has the authority to regulate street prostitution, efforts were made by issuing Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 7 of 2002 concerning the Eradication of Prostitution and Indecent Acts in Gresik Regency. However, in its implementation, this Perda is considered ineffective in overcoming the growing number of street prostitution. Several problems emerged, including the implementation of the Perda and its level of success. The research method used is the sociological juridical method with data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The results of the study show that the Gresik Regency Satpol PP implemented Perda Number 7 of 2002 by conducting raids. However, the raids still face obstacles such as information leaks, limited authority, and military interference in prostitution efforts. In addition to raids, the authorities also provide an introduction to the Perda to prostitutes and pimps as a preventive measure. The analysis of the factors driving the effectiveness of the law shows that this Regional Regulation has not been implemented optimally. Inhibiting factors include law enforcement, public legal awareness, and cultural factors. The author recommends that the Gresik Regency Government conduct socialization of Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2002 to the public to improve understanding and legal awareness. In addition, Satpol PP needs to conduct routine raids in collaboration with the police to follow up on the involvement of military personnel and take firm action against civil servants who leak the implementation of raids. The public is also expected to support the authorities in overcoming prostitution

This research examines the legal safeguards for children born outside of marriage in Indonesia after the release of Constitutional Court Decision (MK) No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010, which represented a pivotal shift in national family legislation. Up until now, children born outside of marriage have frequently encountered bias and unfair treatment, both socially and legally. The Constitutional Court (MK) Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 marks an important advancement in enhancing the civil status of children born outside of marriage, establishing connections not just with their mother and her relatives, but also with their biological father if scientifically validated, for instance, via DNA testing. In this research, the author will examine how judges define legal protection for children born outside of marriage in light of Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 and how this decision is executed in legal practices and everyday life, especially concerning the acknowledgment of rights for children born outside of marriage and the obligations of their biological fathers.This study uses a normative research method with a legislative approach and a case approach.  Data was collected through library research covering primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, namely by collecting legal materials through studies of books, journals, legal research results,  as well as various official institutional documents such as regulations and other literature relevant to the issues being studied.  The research findings indicate that legal protection for children born out of wedlock needs to be further strengthened through legal reform, public education,  and legal recognition and validation mechanisms, so that the basic rights of children can be optimally fulfilled in accordance with human rights principles and applicable laws and regulations.

Self-medication is a form of pharmaceutical service that allows the public to treat mild symptoms independently without a doctor’s prescription. While beneficial, improper self-medication practices can pose health risks such as drug resistance and misuse of prescription-only medicines. If not carried out carefully, it may lead to further issues such as bacterial resistance and dependency. This study aims to evaluate the self-medication services at Sehat Farma Pharmacy in Banjarharjo. A descriptive method was employed using interviews and direct observations to provide a comprehensive overview of self-medication practices in the field. Informants included a pharmacist, pharmaceutical vocational staff, and patients engaged in self-medication. The results indicate inconsistencies in the service flow, including the provision of prescription-only medications without proper medical consultation. There is a need to improve the understanding and adherence to appropriate service standards to enhance the safety and effectiveness of self-medication practices.

The role of notary organizations is critical in the continuous development and supervision of the notary's position, especially concerning personal behavior, both in carrying out office duties and in daily life. The notary profession holds a significant position in the legal framework of society as it produces authentic deeds that carry the highest probative value. As such, integrity and professional ethics are foundational principles in the execution of notarial duties. This research aims to analyze the role of notary organizations, specifically the Indonesian Notary Association (INI) in Sleman Regency, in reinforcing professional ethics and maintaining the quality of legal services for the public. The research employs a normative-sociological approach, utilizing studies of legal regulations, notary electronic codes, and interviews with INI Sleman administrators. The findings indicate that notary organizations contribute through (1) socializing ethical codes and professional standards, (2) conducting internal supervision through honorary councils, (3) providing ethical sanctions for violations, and (4) offering development programs and capacity-building initiatives for members. However, the study also identifies several challenges, including limited supervisory resources, resistance from some members, and a lack of public understanding regarding the importance of professional ethics. These obstacles hinder the full potential of notary organizations in ensuring professional conduct and upholding the quality of notarial services. The research underscores the need for stronger collaboration and awareness to address these issues.

Public awareness of environmental issues is increasing, but there is still a gap between ecological understanding and green consumption behavior. This phenomenon is evident in the low interest of local consumers in Suputra Herbal Incense products in Badung Regency, despite the product's strong ecological and cultural value. This condition raises questions about the factors influencing local consumers' green purchasing intentions towards environmentally friendly products. This study uses a quantitative approach with a causal associative design to analyze the main predictors influencing green purchasing intentions. A total of 100 respondents were selected through a purposive sampling technique, namely potential consumers who are related to herbal incense products. The research instrument has been tested for validity and reliability, thus it is suitable for use in data collection. Data analysis was conducted with the help of multiple linear regression using SPSS software to test the research hypotheses. The results show that green brand image, green marketing, and price perception have a positive and significant influence on local consumers' green purchasing intentions. These findings confirm that an environmentally friendly brand image can strengthen consumer trust and interest. In addition, a consistent and authentic green marketing strategy plays a significant role in increasing product appeal. The perception of fair pricing is also a key consideration, as consumers tend to be more accepting of prices when they align with the product's ecological benefits and cultural values. In conclusion, this research provides practical contributions for MSMEs, particularly in designing effective and sustainable green marketing strategies. Efforts to strengthen green brand image, consistently implement environmentally friendly promotions, and foster a perception of fair pricing will encourage increased purchasing intentions among local consumers. Thus, eco-friendly products like Suputra Herbal Incense have the potential to compete more strongly in the increasingly competitive domestic market. Keywords: Green Purchase Intention, Green Brand Image, Green Marketing, Perceived Price, MSMEs

Urban public issues are highly complex and involve various actors with different interests and resources. As a large city, Bandung faces a variety of public issues that require a collaborative policy approach. This study aims to analyze the policy network structure in handling public issues in Bandung. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical research type. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies, then analyzed using a policy network structure perspective. The results show that the policy network structure in Bandung is still dominated by government actors and tends to be hierarchical and fragmented. Inter-actor connectivity is not yet optimal, the participation of non-government actors is still limited, and the distribution of roles in the policy network is not yet balanced. This condition has an impact on weak cross-sector coordination, low community participation, and ineffective handling of public issues. This study concludes that the structuring of an inclusive, connected, and trust-based policy network is key to improving the effectiveness of public issue handling in Bandung City.

This study analyzes Kompas.com’s news coverage of the Papua conflict and human rights issues during the 2024 Presidential Debate to examine media neutrality through Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) integrated with Teun A. Van Dijk’s model. The analysis covers three dimensions: micro (text), meso (discursive practice), and macro (social practice), using a qualitative descriptive method. Data from 21 news excerpts reveal that social and political contexts are clearly represented, focusing on the strategies of the three presidential candidates in addressing human rights and conflict issues in Papua. The findings highlight the importance of realizing the Papua-related commitments made during the debate by the elected president, given the rising trend of violence and the unresolved justice issues in the region. The study demonstrates that media coverage, even by a leading news outlet such as Kompas.com, carries the potential to influence public perception regarding sensitive political and social issues. At the micro level, the language and lexical choices in the news articles often convey subtle ideological positions, including the framing of human rights violations and conflict events, which may reflect both explicit and implicit biases. At the meso level, discursive practices, including editorial decisions, headline constructions, and sourcing patterns, contribute to the shaping of narratives, highlighting certain aspects of the candidates’ statements while minimizing others. Meanwhile, at the macro level, the broader societal and political context, including historical grievances, regional tensions, and national political dynamics, provides the backdrop against which news coverage is produced and consumed, indicating the complex interplay between