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The postpartum period is a very important period because complications often occur, including postpartum infections. One of the factors causing postpartum infections can come from injuries to the birth canal which are good media for the development of germs. This article aims to determine the care of normal postpartum mothers regarding perineal wound care. The methods used in making this literature review are PubMed, Google Scholar, Pequest, Sincedirect and Wiley. The results were published from 2019-2024, Results of normal postpartum maternal care regarding perineal wound care in normal postpartum mothers can be given with boiled binahong leaves, how to care for the vagina with cultural care maintenance or preservation, washing with soap and running water and applying betadine, given jusnalo and boiled red betel leaf water is recommended for postpartum mothers who experience perineal wounds.

This study examines the relationship between Kegel exercises and the healing of perineal wounds in postpartum mothers who underwent normal delivery. Perineal wounds, a common outcome of vaginal childbirth, can lead to discomfort and complications if not properly managed. Kegel exercises, known for strengthening the pelvic floor muscles, may also play a crucial role in accelerating the healing process of perineal wounds. This research involved a sample of postpartum mothers who were instructed to perform Kegel exercises regularly. Data were collected through clinical observations and self-reported healing experiences over a specified period. The findings indicate a significant positive correlation between the regular practice of Kegel exercises and the expedited healing of perineal wounds. Mothers who adhered to the exercise regimen reported reduced pain, faster wound closure, and improved overall postpartum recovery. These results suggest that Kegel exercises should be recommended as a routine postpartum practice to promote faster healing and enhance the well-being of new mothers. Further research is recommended to explore the underlying mechanisms and to establish standardized guidelines for the implementation of Kegel exercises in postpartum care.

perineal injury in puerperal mothers refers to tears that occur in the birth canal, both caused by Labor and episiotomy. This tear can occur spontaneously or through an episiotomy. Perineal care is important to prevent infection, as inadequate care can lead to infection, which is one of the causes of postpartum maternal death. Based on this, the researchers tried an alternative by using betel leaf steeping to accelerate the healing of perineal wounds. This study aims to determine the effect of betel leaf steeping on the duration of perineal wound healing in puerperal mothers in PMB Endang Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta. this study uses a quantitative approach with Pre-Experimental design and One-Shot Case Study. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling, with a total of 20 participants. research shows that most postpartum mothers experience rapid perineal wound healing after receiving treatment with betel leaf steeping. The one sample proportion test revealed that 60% of respondents experienced a decrease in perineal injuries after being given betel leaf steeping. there is an effect of betel leaf steeping on long-term perineal injury in puerperal mothers in PMB Endang Pasar Minggu Jakerta Selatan.  

Background: Post partum is a condition where the reproductive organs are restored to their pre-pregnancy state. The process of childbirth almost 90% experience perineal tears. To be able to accelerate perineal wounds can be with pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures, one of which is non-pharmacological action with kegel exercise, kegel exercise is pelvic muscle training by contracting the muscles. Objective: to describe the results of observations of wound healing and changes in wound characteristics in post partum women. Methods: This research is a case study research using descriptive methods, namely by observing 2 (two) respondents of post partum women with perineal rupture. Performed for 7 days of application and wound evaluation on day 8. Results: This application shows that before Kegel exercise was performed, both respondents' perineal wound conditions were classified as moderate wounds, namely wet wounds, perineal closure, no signs of infection. After evaluation on the eighth day, the wound condition of Mrs. D and Mrs. E was classified as a good wound, namely dry perineal wounds closing and no signs of infection. Conclusion: There are differences in wound healing and changes in perineal wound characteristics in postpartum women.    

The impact of pregnancy anemia will be a risk to fetal development and complications during pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and can even cause death. The government requires pregnant women to consume Fe tablets but anemia is still not resolved. Apart from consuming Fe tablets, green beans can be used as an effort to increase Hb levels in pregnant women. to determine the effect of giving Green Bean Juice on increasing Hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. Pre-experimental research with a one group pretest posttest research design with a population of all pregnant women, sample 20. Intervention by administering Green Bean Juice at a dose of 100 grams in the morning and evening for 7 days. Analysis test with Paried Sample t-test .average Hemoglobin before treatment was 11.8 gr/dl, while the average hemoglobin after treatment was 12.7 gr/dl, an increase of 0.9 gr/dl. Statistical analysis obtained a p value of 0.000 (<0.005). There is an effect of giving Green Bean Juice on increasing Hemoglobin levels in pregnant women.

Lower back pain is a common complaint among pregnant women in the third trimester. It is estimated that approximately 70% of pregnant women experience some form of back pain during pregnancy, childbirth, or postpartum. Non-pharmacological therapies such as deep breathing relaxation techniques and effleurage massage therapy can effectively reduce pain levels in these women. This study employs a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental research method and employs purposive sampling with a sample size of 37 participants. Data analysis includes both univariate and bivariate analyses. Most respondents (64.9%) were aged between 20 and 35 years old. Additionally, the majority (64.9%) were experiencing their first pregnancy. All respondents (100%) were confirmed to have no comorbidities. Furthermore, 73% of the participants had tertiary education (Diploma, Bachelor's, Master's, or Doctorate degrees), and 62.2% continued working during pregnancy. The results of the Wilcoxon test indicated a significant effect (p = 0.000 < 0.05), confirming that effleurage massage and deep breathing relaxation techniques effectively reduce lower back pain in pregnant women. This reduction is attributed to the stimulation of tactile fibers in the skin by effleurage massage, which inhibits pain signals. In conclusion, the findings suggest that implementing effleurage massage and deep breathing relaxation techniques is beneficial for alleviating lower back pain in pregnant women. Public health advice advocates for the application of these techniques to manage such pain effectively.

Introduction: acute postpartum pain is caused by physiological changes that occur in postpartum mothers such as degeneration and necrosis at the placenta, the return of the uterus to its pre-pregnant condition, and changes in the vulva and vagina, in which case postpartum mothers need knowledge in providing warm compress relaxation therapy to reduce the pain felt after childbirth. Purpose: This case study is to analyze the implementation of warm compresses on Mrs. K, postpartum pregnancy serotinous patient with a nursing diagnosis of acute pain in Gincu Room 1, Indramayu Regional Hospital. Method: The method in this writing uses a case study. Data collection uses nursing care process which includes assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation and evaluation. As well as NRS (Numerical Rating Scale) as a pain scale instrument. Results and Discussion: before the warm compress was applied, the pain scale was 9 (0-10) with a response to complaints of pain, the patient grimaced, said he had difficulty sleeping, the patient only focused on himself and did not follow orders. After 2 days of giving the warm compress for 15 minutes, there was a change in the scale pain becomes 5 (0-10) with the response to the patient's complaint of pain, the grimace has decreased, the patient can sleep, the patient can focus and follow orders well. Conclusion: based on the implementation of warm compresses that have been carried out on Mrs. For postpartum pregnancy serotinous patients with a nursing diagnosis of acute pain in the Gincu Room 1, Indramayu Regional Hospital, the problem of acute pain in the patient can be resolved and the patient's outcome target is achieved.

Childbirth often results in perineal tears, particularly in first-time deliveries, and can also occur in subsequent births. Improper perineal care can create a moist environment due to lochia, promoting bacterial growth and increasing the risk of infection, which may delay wound healing. Complications of perineal tears include bleeding, infection, and dyspareunia. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between early mobilization and perineal wound healing in postpartum mothers in 2020. The research used an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach, involving 30 postpartum patients at PMB Bidan Ai Duriah through total sampling. Data collection was conducted using observation sheets, and analysis was performed with the chi-square test at a 95% significance level (p < 0.05). Results indicated that most postpartum mothers (20 respondents) experienced good perineal wound healing with early mobilization. The study concludes that early mobilization plays a significant role in promoting perineal wound healing in postpartum mothers.

Breast care is an action to care for the breasts especially during the postpartum period (breastfeeding period) to facilitate the release of breast milk. Based on the results of a preliminary survey, there are still many postpartum mothers who do not understand about breast care. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to breast care in postpartum mothers. The design used in this study was a descriptive analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study as the subject of the case was all postpartum mothers as many as 30 respondents with a population sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi Square test. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between age and breast care obtained p-value: 0.015, there was a relationship between attitude and breast care with p-value: 0.016 and there was a relationship between husband's support and breast care with p-value: 0.007. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used as input and useful information regarding breast care.    

Only half of the 2.3 million infants under six months old in Indonesia receive exclusive breastfeeding. Hypnobreastfeeding is a relaxation technique that facilitates the breastfeeding process holistically, addressing the mind, body, and soul of the breastfeeding mother. The aim of this study is to review 'The Effect of Hypnobreastfeeding Techniques on Mothers' Motivation to Provide Exclusive Breastfeeding.' This research is a Quasi-Experimental study with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design. The sample in this study consisted of 15 respondents selected using the Probability Sampling technique. The data type in this research is primary data, measured using a checklist for observation and a questionnaire given to respondents. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test. The test value using the Wilcoxon test showed a Z value of -3.428 and a significance of 0.001 (p-value < 0.05), indicating that there is an effect of the Hypnobreastfeeding technique in increasing mothers' motivation to provide exclusive breastfeeding. It is recommended that healthcare workers, especially midwives, pay more attention to the condition of postpartum mothers experiencing insufficient breast milk production and suggest hypnobreastfeeding therapy to breastfeeding mothers

Childbirth is a natural process experienced by every women. The mother’s various reactions after giving birth will influence attitudes, behavior and emotional levels. Psychological pressure after childbirth is an emotional symptom and feeling where a person feels gloomy, cannot sleep, is excessively physically tired, and does not know what he can do in his new role. However, this is not the case for some women who actually feel sad, irritated, tired, want to be angry, feel meaningless, and hopeless in theirearly days as a mother. If this is allowed to happen, it will certainly have bad consequences for the mother and the baby. These signs and symptoms consititute a condition called postpartum depression (Elvira, 2011). Te aim of this research is to determine the influence of maternal psychological factors on post partum blues. This types of research is quantitative research. The population is all postpartum mothers on the second day after giving birth in the Harapan Bunda delivery room. The sampling technique used was total sampling, namely 45 respondents and analyzed using the Chi Square Test. Based on the the result of research on 45 respondents who were hospitalized, the incidence of post partum blues was found, namely 15 people experienced post partum blues, and 30 people did not experience post partum blues.

The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Tegal Regency in 2022 reached a high number, namely 27 cases, 13 of which occurred during the postpartum period, 10 cases during pregnancy, 4 cases during childbirth. Based on data obtained from the Lebaksiu Community Health Center from September to October 2023, there were no maternal and infant deaths. The number of pregnant women at high risk was 115 cases. These include pregnant women with breech presentation, Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED), age < 20 years, age > 35 years, child spacing < 2, history of CS, TB < 145 cm, HBSAg (+), HIV (+), anemia, history asthma, grand multipara, history of abortion, history of PEB and syphilis (+). The aim of this study was to examine obstetric cases with breech presentation and CED. This research uses a case study approach. The research subject was pregnant mother Mrs. S is 24 years old with breech presentation and CED. Data was taken from September to November 2023. Data was taken using interviews, observation and documentation, the results during the subject's pregnancy were successful in making the pregnancy normal. However, during labor, fetal hypoxia was experienced, so collaboration was carried out with the doctor, after management was carried out according to the doctor's advice, the fetal condition was normal and a SC delivery was carried out. During the postpartum period and the newborn is in normal and healthy condition. Suggestion: it is hoped that if a similar case is found there needs to be collaboration with doctors during pregnancy until postpartum, apart from that it is necessary to involve the family during pregnancy until postpartum.  

Based on data obtained from the Pangkah Health Center, Tegal Regency in 2022, the number of maternal mortality rates (MMR) was 2 cases caused by amniotic fluid bleeding and embolism, whereas in 2023 it was zero or non-existent (Recap of PWS KIA data from Pangkah Community Health Center 2023). The aim of this study was to examine obstetric cases with high risk aged >35 years and mild anemia. This research uses a case study approach. The research subject was pregnant mother Mrs. A is 36 years old with high risk, aged >35 years and mild anemia. Data was taken from October to November 2023. Data was taken using interviews, observation and documentation, the results during pregnancy, the subjects accepted to have their Hb checked because at visit 2 the Hb was low and the results were the same as at visit 3-4 the Hb was high and normal. Pregnant women aged >35 years are still often found or are more at risk because the mother's health has declined, as a result pregnant women at that age have a high probability of preeclampsia, bleeding, preterm labor and others. Suggestion: if a similar case is found, collaboration with a doctor is necessary. during pregnancy until postpartum, apart from that it is necessary to involve the family, especially the child during pregnancy and after the baby is born.  

Introduction: Mothers are susceptible to experiencing postpartum blues syndrome during the postpartum period, or the period after giving birth. Rapid mood swings, feelings of sadness, worry, anxiety, and tiredness are signs of this syndrome, and mothers may feel more emotional and anxious, which can impact their mental health. Method: This type of research is quantitative analytical with a cross sectional approach. The population was postpartum mothers and the sample was 38 people with the inclusion criteria being postpartum mothers in the immediate postpartum to early postpartum categories who had previously had routine pregnancy checks in the Garut Regency Development Health Center working area. Data processing was carried out computerized with bivariate data analysis using the Chi Square statistical test. Results: The results of the study stated that 25 respondents had good husband support and 13 respondents had less husband support. Of the 38 respondents, 24 experienced postpartum blues . The results of this study stated that there was a link between husband's support and the incidence of postpartum blues , with a p value of 0.007. Conclusion: there is a connection between husband's support and the incidence of post partum blues, so that people can provide information to each other in preventing post partum blues . Health workers can also continue to be proactive in providing education to someone who plays the role of husband regarding the importance of maintaining the health of post partum mothers both physically and mentally for reproductive health and the health of mother and child .  

Introduction: According to the Indonesian Health Profile (2021), preeclampsia or eclampsia, bleeding, and COVID-19 caused the highest number of maternal deaths in 2021. In 2022, the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia reached 183 deaths per 100,000 live births, with preeclampsia as the main cause. One of the most common maternal health problems in Indonesia is preeclampsia, which has a high incidence rate and causes dangerous complications for the mother and baby. Research and prevention efforts continue to be needed to reduce maternal mortality in Indonesia. Apart from disorders during pregnancy, we as academics who continue to be pro-active in community service activities in our field, must also pay attention to post-partum health. The incidence of postpartum blues in Indonesia will reach 50-70% in 2023. According to WHO, around 10% of pregnant women and 13% of new mothers experience mental health disorders, especially depression. Risk factors that increase the possibility of postpartum blues are the mother's young age, lack of support from her husband, and a difficult economic situation. Method: The method used in this activity is lecture and discussion, using power points and leaflets. Target: Women of Childbearing Age (WUS), pregnant women and post partum mothers. Results: After the educational activity, participants asked several questions, such as how to know whether a pregnant woman is experiencing problems, how many times should she have an examination, and what should the family do if the mother seems stressed after giving birth. With the aim of improving the welfare of pregnant women and babies, Family Centered Maternity Care (FCMC) is a midwifery approach that involves the family. This approach provides good social support to pregnant women, which can help them deal with stress and anxiety that may occur during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. In addition, pregnant women and their families are given the opportunity to actively participate in decision-making regarding health care, so that they can take responsibility for their own health. Conclusion: When Women of Childbearing Age (WUS) have good knowledge, attitudes and behavior, they will produce a generation of healthy and intelligent children. Health workers and the public must pay attention to the four Ts: too young, too old, too much, and too close. Antenatal visits and postpartum visits, which are types of physical examinations during pregnancy, are well carried out in first-level health facilities.

Breast milk production can be influenced by two factors, namely production and expenditure. Use a warm compress, namely warm water which is then compressed onto the breasts using a towel. Not infrequently non-medical therapy as above is often applied to postpartum mothers whose breast milk has not yet come in, of course first by conducting training with the puskesmas coordinator midwife, to improve maximum service. The research was carried out by determining the initial level of pain intensity (pretest) before giving a warm compress and then continuing with measuring the pain intensity (posttest) after giving a warm compress. The results of the Independent sample t test showed P Value = 0.001, meaning p < 0.05, stating that there is a relationship between warm compresses and pain intensity in mothers with breast milk dams at the Pratama SAM Kampung Baru Clinic, Medan Maimun in 2023. Other research on the effectiveness of compresses Varney said that warm compresses are considered the right action to relieve pain, and for some women who experience problems with breast milk, it is known that using warm compresses alternately can provide a feeling of comfort. Apart from that, the intense pain when there is a blockage in the breast means that mothers tend to choose the easiest method, one of which is a warm compress.

Breast milk production can be influenced by two factors, namely production and expenditure. Use a warm compress, namely warm water which is then compressed onto the breasts using a towel. Not infrequently non-medical therapy as above is often applied to postpartum mothers whose breast milk has not yet come in, of course first by conducting training with the puskesmas coordinator midwife, to improve maximum service. The research was carried out by determining the initial level of pain intensity (pretest) before giving a warm compress and then continuing with measuring the pain intensity (posttest) after giving a warm compress. The results of the Independent sample t test showed P Value = 0.001, meaning p < 0.05, stating that there is a relationship between warm compresses and pain intensity in mothers with breast milk dams at the Pratama SAM Kampung Baru Clinic, Medan Maimun in 2023. Other research on the effectiveness of compresses Varney said that warm compresses are considered the right action to relieve pain, and for some women who experience problems with breast milk, it is known that using warm compresses alternately can provide a feeling of comfort. Apart from that, the intense pain when there is a blockage in the breast means that mothers tend to choose the easiest method, one of which is a warm compress.

Changes that occur during the postpartum period, both physiologically and psychologically, are often experienced by mothers, namely fatigue, changes in roles, and anxiety. One of the factors that causes anxiety in postpartum mothers is trauma caused during childbirth which causes anxiety. Handling anxiety in postpartum mothers can be done non-pharmacologically, namely with jasmine aromatherapy candles. This research aims to determine how giving jasmine aromatherapy candles reduces anxiety in postpartum mothers using qualitative research with case studies and data sources and types of data using interviews, examinations and observations. The implementation technique was carried out by Mrs. L by giving jasmine aromatherapy candles for approximately 10-15 minutes a day and giving aromatherapy to Mrs. L 6 times. The use of aromatherapy candles recommended to Mrs. L is done at night by placing an aromatherapy candle next to the bed so that the postpartum mother can inhale it. Giving jasmine aromatherapy candles to Mrs. L for 6 days, the results showed that Mrs. L felt more relaxed than before he was given the jasmine aromatherapy candle, as indicated by the mother feeling less anxious about caring for her baby and being mildly anxious, so giving the jasmine aromatherapy candle had an impact on reducing Mrs. L's anxiety. L.

The postpartum period is the period after the birth of the placenta and lasts until the uterus regains its pre-pregnancy size known as the postpartum period. The postpartum period is the time after the placenta is born until the reproductive organs recover. That lasted for about six weeks. The aim of this research is to apply physiological post partum midwifery care to Mrs "R" on the 14th day at the Takalala Community Health Center. The care provided uses Varney's 7 Step Midwifery Care Management and forms of documentation via SOAP. The case study conducted on Mrs "R" explained that there were no difficulties when implementing Varney's 7 Step Midwifery Care Management approach. So, it makes it easier for caregivers to solve problems related to this. The form of midwifery care provided to Ny'R" includes taking anamnesis on the mother, carrying out a physical examination, and providing counseling to the mother and family, in this case to Ny"R: regarding the effective care of ruptured perineal suture wounds. This case study uses a descriptive observational method with a Continuity of Care approach. The subject is Mrs "R" post partum mother on day 14. How to collect anamnestic data, observation, examination and documentation. Next, compare the data obtained with existing theory.

Stunting is a growth disorder due to malnutrition that occurs in children under five years old. Stunting in children under five is a consequence of several factors that are often associated with poverty, including nutrition, health, knowledge and social and cultural factors. The aim of this research is to look at the factors that cause stunting in toddlers. The research method uses Scoping Review to map literature and identify problems or shadows in the research area to be studied. The results of the research show that data obtained that the number of stunting cases in Jorong Lubuk Sao can be worrying, the results of the data show that there is an average for each stunting indicator (TB, BB, LK) which indicates stunting. The intervention that has been carried out from the data above is by providing outreach and counseling regarding healthy food as well as introducing the electronic application ready for marriage and pregnancy (elsimil) to the local community, this is an accompanying screening application for prospective brides (catin), prospective couples of childbearing age (CaPUS) , pregnant women, postpartum mothers, and families with babies aged 0-59 months. The conclusion of this research is that the stunting prevalence rate in Indonesia is still above 20%, meaning it has not reached the WHO target. Influencing factors are low levels of exclusive breastfeeding, low protein energy intake, poor provision of MP-ASI, low family income, completeness of immunizations.