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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is essential for infant growth, immunity, and overall health. However, many breastfeeding mothers experience difficulties in maintaining exclusive breastfeeding due to improper breastfeeding techniques, low maternal knowledge, and lack of guidance from health workers. Proper application of breastfeeding techniques, including correct latch-on, positioning, and frequency, can improve breastfeeding consistency and prevent early weaning (Sari, 2020; Putri, 2021). Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of breastfeeding techniques on the consistency of exclusive breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers at the Dambalo Community Health Center. Methods: A quantitative, pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted. Thirty breastfeeding mothers were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, including mothers of infants aged 0–6 months who were willing to participate and had no medical conditions preventing breastfeeding. Results: All 30 participants (100%) applied the recommended breastfeeding techniques after the intervention. Following the intervention, 27 mothers (90%) consistently practiced exclusive breastfeeding, while three mothers (10%) showed partial improvement. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed a significant difference in exclusive breastfeeding consistency before and after the intervention (p = 0.000), indicating that the application of proper breastfeeding techniques significantly improved breastfeeding practices. Conclusion: The application of breastfeeding techniques has a significant positive effect on the consistency of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers at the Dambalo Community Health Center. Structured guidance and practical support from health workers, particularly midwives, are essential to improve maternal skills, reinforce proper practices, and ensure the health and growth of infants.

Working mothers who have babies experience obstacles in breastfeeding due to low knowledge of ASI and how to store it properly. This study aimed to determine the effect of ASI health education on ASI knowledge of working mothers. The research used a quantitative experimental approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population was working mothers who breastfed babies aged 0-6 months in the Kagok Semarang health centre work area. The number of samples was 30 people. The side technique used quota sampling. Data were obtained using a questionnaire and then analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon Test. The majority of the characteristics of working mothers in this study were aged 26- 30 years (53.6%), parity <3 Births (73.2%), high school education (35.7%), working outside the home (64.3%) and income > UMR (67.9%). Before health education, the knowledge of ASI in working mothers was quite good (16 people or 53.3%). The knowledge of ASI in working mothers after health education was good (20 people or 66.7%). There is an influence of ASI health education on the knowledge of ASI of working mothers (Z = -3.557 and p <0.05). The conclusion is that ASI health education can increase the knowledge of breastfeeding of a working mother.

Effective nursing documentation and optimal nurse performance are essential pillars of high-quality healthcare services. Despite standardised guidelines being available, incomplete documentation and low compliance rates persist in various hospital settings. This study investigated the impact of implementing the 3S-based Nursing Care Guidelines, comprising standardised nursing diagnoses (SDKI), interventions (SIKI), and outcomes (SLKI), along with structured supervision by the hospital's nursing committee, on improving documentation quality and nurse performance. Employing a true experimental pre-posttest control group design, the research involved 49 nurses allocated into three groups: control, intervention with 3S, and intervention with 3S combined with the supervision nursing committee. Data were collected through observation sheets, document audits, and performance checklists. Statistical analyses using Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed significant post-intervention improvements (p = 0.000) in both outcome areas. The results affirm that integrating structured care models and active supervision effectively enhances the quality of nursing care delivery.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that significantly affects the growth and development of children, particularly those aged 12–59 months. Posyandu cadres play a vital role in assisting parents in providing appropriate feeding practices for their children. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of training using booklet media in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cadres in stunting-related child feeding assistance. This research employed a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design involving 10 Posyandu cadres in the working area of  Health Center. The results of paired t-test and Wilcoxon tests showed significant improvements in knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.000), and practice (p = 0.000) after the intervention. The booklet proved to be an effective educational tool to enhance the capacity of Posyandu cadres. These findings recommend the use of booklets as a sustainable educational strategy in community-based stunting reduction programs.

Students, being academically active, may experience reduced physical activity, risking lower extremity strength, particularly in the gastrocnemius muscle. Calf raise exercises can improve this muscle's power. This study aimed to examine the relationship between calf raise frequency and gastrocnemius strength in anesthesia nursing students at Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Using a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design, 41 students were assessed via total sampling. Muscle strength was measured using a leg dynamometer and observation sheet. Wilcoxon and Spearman Rank tests revealed significant improvement (p = 0.000) and a strong relationship between exercise frequency and muscle strength. Most participants (76.2%) reported high exercise frequency and moderate strength improvement. The findings confirm a significant relationship between calf raise frequency and gastrocnemius strength, suggesting the need for increased student awareness of muscle training.

Menstrual hygiene is an important component of personal hygiene that plays a significant role in an individual's health behavior, helping to prevent disorders in reproductive organ function. This study aims to determine the effect of health promotion on the level of menstrual hygiene knowledge among children aged 13–15 years. The study design used a pre-experimental approach with a one-group pre-posttest design. The population consisted of 110 respondents, and using simple random sampling, 83 respondents were selected. Data for this study were collected using a knowledge level questionnaire. After tabulation, the data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with p < 0.05. The results showed that nearly all female students (108, or 98.2%) had insufficient knowledge of menstrual hygiene before receiving health promotion. Almost all female students after receiving health promotion had adequate knowledge of menstrual hygiene, totaling 88 (80.0%). Based on the above results, the effect of health promotion on the level of knowledge of menstrual hygiene among children aged 13-15 years was found to be p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). This indicates that health promotion has an effect on the level of knowledge about menstrual hygiene among girls aged 13–15 years. Therefore, it is hoped that female students will always maintain their genital hygiene by practicing proper personal hygiene in accordance with the guidelines provided by healthcare professionals, especially during menstruation.

Patients who have undergone odontectomy surgery are at risk of respiratory failure due to decreased oxygen saturation. Good handling is needed to overcome this, especially by placing the patient in the 60° Fowler position for 10 minutes, which facilitates breathing because gravity pulls the diaphragm down, increasing lung expansion. The purpose of this study was to determine how giving the 60° Fowler position to post-odontectomy patients affects their oxygen saturation levels. This study used a pre-experimental design using the pre-experiment one group pre-post test methodology. The sampling technique used purposive sampling of 36 respondents with an instrument in the form of an observation sheet. The statistical test used the Wilcoxon Sign Rank test to determine the effect of the fowler position variable on changes in oxygen saturation in post-odontectomy patients. The majority of respondents before being given the 60⁰ fowler position had oxygen saturation in the mild hypoxemia category of 25 respondents (69.4%). After being given the 60⁰ fowler position intervention, all respondents experienced a very significant average increase of 6.3%. The Wilcoxon test results obtained a result of 0.000 (p <0.05). There is a significant effect of giving the 60˚ fowler position on changes in oxygen saturation in post-odontectomy patients at IBS RSUD Dr. Tjitrowardojo Purworejo.  

The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia has increased, in 2013 the prevalence of hypertension was 25.8% while in 2018 the prevalence of hypertension increased by 34.1%. In addition to pharmacological techniques, hypertension management can use non-pharmacological techniques, one of which is deep breathing relaxation techniques. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques on blood pressure in hypertension patients at the Industrial Health Center. This study used the Pre-Experiment one group pretest and posttest method. The sampling technique was random sampling with a sample size of 46 people who met the inclusion criteria. The instruments used were digital tension, SOP for deep breathing relaxation techniques, and observation sheets. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon statistical test. Blood pressure before the relaxation technique averaged systolic 157.83. Blood pressure after the relaxation technique averaged systolic 137.65. The results of the Wilcoxon blood pressure test in hypertension patients before and after deep breathing relaxation techniques (p = 0.000). There is an effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques on blood pressure in hypertension patients at the Industrial Health Center.  

Anemia remains one of the leading public health issues among adolescent girls in Indonesia, including in Pidie District. Insufficient iron intake and low awareness and knowledge of anemia are major contributors to its high prevalence. Health education is recognized as an effective strategy to improve adolescents’ understanding of anemia.Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of health education on increasing knowledge about anemia among adolescent girls at MTsN VI Pidie, Pidie District.Methods: A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest) was employed. A total of 30 first-grade female students from MTsN VI Pidie were selected through purposive sampling. The intervention involved the delivery of health education on anemia via an educational video. Knowledge levels were measured before and after the intervention using pretest and posttest questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired t-test.Results: The analysis showed a statistically significant improvement in the participants’ knowledge following the intervention. The average posttest scores were notably higher than the pretest scores, indicating a positive effect of the health education intervention (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Digital media-based health education is effective in enhancing knowledge about anemia among adolescent girls. This approach is recommended for broader implementation in adolescent health promotion programs, particularly in the prevention of anemia

Sectio caesarea is one of the surgical delivery methods performed when normal delivery is not possible. Although this procedure is considered safe, prospective patients often experience high stress due to fear of surgery, interventions such as religious music therapy that have spiritual value can calm emotions. This study aims to determine the effect of religious music therapy on stress levels in pre-section caesarean patients at RSUD dr. Tjitrowardojo Purworejo. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a non-randomized control group pretest-posttest design approach. The study sample was 30 patients who were divided into two groups, namely 15 people as the intervention group and 15 people as the control group. The research instruments were music therapy and stress level questionnaires. To analyze the data, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Mann-Whitney Test were used.. The results showed a significant decrease in patient stress levels after listening to religious music. The average stress score before the intervention was higher than after the intervention, and the statistical test showed a p value <0.05, which means that religious music therapy has a significant effect on reducing stress. Religious music therapy can reduce stress levels in pre-cesarean section patients. This intervention can be used as part of anesthesia maintenance to improve patient comfort and mental readiness before surgery.

Unwanted pregnancy (UP) among adolescents is a reproductive health problem that affects physical, psychological, social, and economic aspects. Adolescents often lack knowledge about pregnancy and reproductive health. Therefore, effective educational methods, such as video media, are needed to increase adolescent girls’ understanding of UP. This study used a quantitative pretest-posttest design without a control group. Forty-eight ninth-grade students at SMPN 1 Sliyeg were the respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire before and after intervention using educational video. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test to see the difference in knowledge levels. The pretest results showed that 66.7% of respondents had poor knowledge, and none had good knowledge. After the intervention, all respondents (100%) had good knowledge. The Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a significant difference. Therefore, educational video is effective in increasing knowledge of adolescent girls regarding unwanted pregnancy.

Inadequate breast milk production remains a significant challenge in achieving exclusive breastfeeding success during the postpartum period. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of oxytocin massage intervention on breast milk quantity among postpartum mothers at Hospital X. A quasi-experimental design with one-group pretest-posttest approach was employed, involving 17 postpartum mothers who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection utilized demographic questionnaires and measuring instruments to assess milk volume before and after the intervention. Oxytocin massage was performed using back massage technique for 30-60 minutes duration. Statistical analysis employed Wilcoxon signed-rank test due to non-normal data distribution. Results demonstrated significant improvement in milk volume from mean 12.95 ml (pretest) to 50.59 ml (posttest) with p-value 0.000 (p<0.05), indicating statistical significance. The intervention showed substantial effectiveness with approximately 291% increase from baseline condition. These findings suggest that oxytocin massage represents an effective non-pharmacological modality for optimizing lactogenesis through neurohormonal stimulation mechanisms, supporting milk ejection reflex enhancement in postpartum mothers.

Anemia during pregnancy remains a significant global health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Iron (Fe) tablets are the standard treatment, but alternative natural supplements such as pure honey may enhance hemoglobin levels through their nutritional and antioxidant properties. This study aims to  analyze the effectiveness of pure honey combined with Fe tablets on hemoglobin levels among pregnant women with anemia at TPMB Choirul Mala, Palembang. This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 30 pregnant women with anemia were selected through purposive sampling from a population of 66 who attended ANC visits between September and December 2024. Participants were divided equally into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 2 tablespoons of certified pure honey and one 60 mg Fe tablet daily for 4 weeks, while the control group received only the Fe tablet. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney tests. The intervention group showed a significant increase in mean hemoglobin level from 9.2 g/dL to 10.8 g/dL (p = 0.002), while the control group increased from 9.0 g/dL to 10.4 g/dL (p = 0.004). The difference in hemoglobin increase between groups was statistically significant (p = 0.041). The combination of pure honey and Fe tablets is more effective in increasing hemoglobin levels than Fe tablets alone. Pure honey may serve as a beneficial complementary therapy in managing anemia during pregnancy.

This study aimed to analyze the influence of a mental health education intervention on the knowledge and attitudes of student organization members at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Siliwangi. The intervention, which included educational sessions and group discussions, was conducted on 22 April 2025 and involved 15 student participants from two student organizations. A pre-test and post-test were administered to measure changes in knowledge and attitudes. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant improvement (p = 0.022) in knowledge scores after the intervention. Attitudes also shifted positively, particularly in aspects of peer support, stress awareness, and healthy lifestyles. The findings indicate that community-based interventions in student organizations can effectively promote mental health literacy and supportive behaviors. The program is recommended for continuation and expansion to sustain its benefit

Surgery with spinal anesthesia techniques often causes complications such as hypothermia with shivering symptoms that can affect hemodynamics, one method of overcoming shivering is the provision of blanket warmers. Knowing the effect of blanked warmer on hemodynamics in shivering patients after spinal anesthesia in IBS RSUD dr.Tjitrowardojo Purworejo. This study used a type of quasi-experimental research with a pretest posttest control group design approach, sampling with purposive sampling. The research sample amounted to 30 respondents of post-spinal anesthesia patients. The results showed that there was an effect on hemodynamics as evidenced by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test in the experimental group of blood pressure P value 0.001 and pulse 0.000 in the control group obtained p value 1.000, and a different test using the mann whitney test obtained a significant value of blood pressure and pulse p value of 0.000 (α < 0.05). There is an effect of giving blanket waremer on hemodynamics in post-spinal anesthesia patients in IBS RSUD dr.Tjitrowardojo Purworejo. As an alternative and can improve the comfort of patients who experience hemodynamic disorders in postoperative shivering patients with spinal anesthesia.

Pre-operative fasting is crucial to prevent anesthetic complications such as pulmonary aspiration. However, many patients still lack adequate understanding of pre-operative fasting guidelines, increasing the risk of complications. Animated video education is considered more effective than conventional methods in improving patient knowledge. This study aimed to determine the effect of animated video education on pre-operative fasting knowledge in patients undergoing general anesthesia at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. A pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was used, involving 30 respondents selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed a p-value of 0.000, indicating a statistically significant improvement in knowledge after the intervention. This suggests that animated video education effectively enhances patients' understanding of pre-operative fasting. In conclusion, there is a significant effect of animated video education on pre-operative knowledge regarding fasting in patients undergoing general anesthesia at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. Future research is recommended to use a larger sample size to improve the validity and reliability of the findings.

The main problem in this study is how the influence of picture word media in pursuing the ability of early pre-reading in group B children in Insan Cemerlang Kindergarten, Makassar City. This study aims to find out how the influence of picture word media in pursuing the ability of early pre-reading in group B children in Kindergarten Insan Cemerlang Makassar City. The type of research used was an experiment using a one group pretest-posttest research design. The sample used was 14 students of class B2 of Insan Cemerlang Kindergarten. The instrument used to collect the data was a pre-reading developmental check technique. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used was the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with the IBM SPSS 25 program. Based on the results of the study, it showed a significant influence on children's initial pre-reading ability after being treated in the form of picture word media. The average pre-test score is 5.5 while the average post-test score increases to 13. Based on the results of the analysis of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test data, the Asymp.sig (2-tailed) value of 0.01 indicates that the probability is below 0.05 (p<0.05). So Ho was rejected. Thus, the media of pictorial words has been proven to have a significant effect in overcoming the initial pre-reading ability of group B children at Insan Cemerlang Kindergarten in Makassar City. This research contributes to the development of effective learning methods to improve early pre-reading skills in early childhood

This study aims to test and find out the influence of the art of folding paper in improving fine motor skills in early childhood aged 5-6 years at Insan Cemerlang Kindergarten, Makassar City. This type of research is quantitative with an experimental approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects in this study consisted of 17 children aged 5-6 years in the B1 group. The collection technique in this study uses test performance, observation, documentation and also instruments of children's checklist sheets with indicators of achievement of child development based on the Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 17 of 2023. Data analysis was carried out a non-paramentric test with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results of this study showed that the pre-test score was 12.7 and increased to the post-test score of 17.1 after being given the art of folding paper (origami). Based on the results of the analysis of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the Z value is 3,630 with the Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) significance of 000, obtained from a probability below 0.05 or p < 0.05 then Ho is rejected. This is based on probability decision-making: if the probability (Asymp.Sig) < 0.05 then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted and if the probability (Asymp.Sig) is > 0.05 then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected. So we can conclude that it shows a significant difference between pre-test and post-test. Thus it shows that there is an influence of the art of folding paper in improving fine motor skills in early childhood in Insan Cemerlang Kindergarten in Makassar City.

Sleep disturbances in infants can cause significant physiological and psychological impacts, such as decreased immune function, impaired cognitive development, and an increased risk of emotional problems (Tanty & Pramesti, 2023). Poor sleep not only inhibits physical growth but also affects infants’ mental development, including attention disorders, anxiety, and low cognitive abilities (Hendri & Sari, 2021). Therefore, it is important to provide effective interventions to improve infants’ sleep quality. This study aimed to determine the effect of baby massage on infant sleep quality at BPM Aida Nospita, Manunggal Village, Labuhan Deli Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, in 2025. This research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest–posttest design using an experimental group and a control group, also known as a pretest–posttest with control group design, which is a form of quasi-experimental research design. The population of this study consisted of all infants aged 3–6 months at BPM Aida Nospita, Manunggal Village, Labuhan Deli Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, totaling 32 infants, with 16 infants in the experimental group and 16 infants in the control group. The results of the statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed a significant probability value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). This indicates that the null hypothesis (H₀) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H₁) was accepted, meaning that baby massage had a significant effect on sleep quality among infants at BPM Aida Nospita, Manunggal Village, Labuhan Deli Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, in 2025.

A continuous lack of nutritional intake causes stunting, a condition of malnutrition that leads to growth disorders in infants. Providing pregnant women with balanced nutrition education is one of the preventive measures against stunting. Objective: The research determined the effect of providing education on stunting prevention using the "Meals on My Plate" guidelines at the Mijen public health care. Method: This quantitative method research applied a quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique was accidental sampling. The researchers analyzed both univariate and bivariate data using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Wilcoxon test. Results: the Wilcoxon test obtained a value of 0.000 < 0.05. The result accepts Ha and denies Ho, indicating a significant effect of providing education on stunting prevention using the "Meals on My Plate" guidelines, which has the potential to influence the knowledge level of pregnant women at the Mijen Public Health Care in Semarang by 5.859 times.