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This study aims to analyze the factors influencing passenger satisfaction at airports through three main perspectives: service, technology, and operations. The background of this research is based on the increasing competition between airports in providing an optimal travel experience amidst the development of the aviation industry and the increasing passenger demands for service quality. This study uses a literature study approach by analyzing ten selected scientific journals that specifically discuss airport service quality from various perspectives. The results of the study indicate that the service perspective, specifically those encompassing SERVQUAL dimensions such as reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, and tangibles, has a significant contribution in shaping the perception and satisfaction of airport service users. The technology perspective also plays a significant role, particularly through the implementation of self-services such as self-check-in, Flight Information Display Sistem (FIDS), e-gates, and digital service applications that simplify the travel process. One of the studies analyzed shows that the application of technology can contribute up to 96.8% to user satisfaction, indicating the significant role of digitalization in this industry. From the operational side, factors such as speed of service at the check-in counter, queue time management, completeness and cleanliness of public facilities, and ease of access to the terminal have an equally important influence. These findings underscore that passenger satisfaction is influenced not only by service quality at the point of direct interaction, but also by the smoothness of the overall operational flow. The study's conclusions emphasize the importance of integrating these three perspectives in strategic planning for airport service improvement.  

The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) are critical indicators in assessing the quality of public health services. In 2024, both MMR and IMR in Lamongan Regency remained relatively high, indicating the need for strengthened health interventions. Health workers, especially midwives, play a vital role in improving maternal and child health. One of the government’s strategies to reduce maternal and infant mortality is expanding midwife service coverage at primary health facilities and ensuring the presence of village midwives as the frontline providers across the region. Village midwives are expected to meet established service standards to ensure the quality of maternal and child health care. Service effectiveness and efficiency are commonly measured through indicators such as first antenatal visit coverage (K1), fourth antenatal visit coverage (K4), postpartum visit coverage (KF3), and delivery assistance by health workers. However, in Lamongan Regency, the performance of village midwives has not been optimal, with several indicators falling short of set performance targets.This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the quality of work life and the performance of village midwives in Lamongan Regency in 2025. The research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. The study population comprised all village midwives in Lamongan Regency, with a sample of 80 respondents selected randomly. The independent variable in this study was the quality of work life, while the dependent variable was village midwife performance. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square statistical test. The results showed no significant relationship between the quality of work life and the performance of village midwives in Lamongan Regency in 2025. These findings suggest that other factors beyond work life quality may influence midwives’ performance.  

This Real Work Lecture (KKN) activity was carried out in Kampung Tua Teluk Mata Ikan, Batam, with the aim of making a real contribution to the community through two main programs, namely the development of digital marketing for Ujung Beach tourist destinations and the implementation of social service activities at the Al-Kahfi Foundation. The problems faced by partners are the lack of digital promotion strategies for tourism potential and the limited support of adequate social facilities at the foundation. To overcome these problems, this service activity uses field observation methods, digital marketing training, mutual cooperation on environmental cleanliness, and socialization to the community and foundation administrators. The training includes social media content creation, digital account management, and internet-based marketing strategies to increase the attractiveness of Ujung Beach as a local tourist destination. In addition, social activities are carried out through joint community service, provision of basic needs assistance, and clean environment education. The results of the implementation of this program show an increase in public awareness of the importance of using digital technology for tourism promotion, as well as the creation of a cleaner, neater, and more comfortable social environment. The enthusiasm of the community and the foundation showed a positive response to this activity, which contributed to strengthening the socio-economic capacity of the residents. Overall, this KKN program not only provides a short-term impact in the form of improving skills and environmental cleanliness, but also encourages the sustainability of local tourism development and community empowerment. The active involvement of students in the planning and evaluation process also strengthens the spirit of collaboration and social concern which is the main basis of this service activity.

White-collar crime has evolved to a transnational scale, transcending national boundaries. The crimes are increasingly sophisticated and well-organized, making them difficult to detect and eradicate effectively. Criminals continually seek to secure their proceeds through various means, including complex schemes of money laundering involving international financial networks. To enforce the law on money laundering, proof of the occurrence of money laundering is necessary. Therefore, prior to carrying out the investigation, several key elements must be understood, including the basic concepts of money laundering, the methods of money laundering, and indirect methods of evidence. The crime of money laundering is based on Law No. 15 of 2002 and has been carried out in accordance with the applicable provisions, namely Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), and the Procedural Law contained in Law No. 15 of 2002 concerning the Crime of Money Laundering as amended by Law No. 25 of 2003 concerning Amendments to Law No. 15 of 2002 concerning the Crime of Money Laundering. Obstacles that arise in investigating money laundering crimes can be categorized into two categories: legal and non-legal. Legal obstacles include provisions on bank secrecy, investigators' obligations to protect reporters and witnesses, investigators' incomplete perceptions of money laundering, and incomplete information from the Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (PPATK). Non-legal obstacles include reporters not necessarily being victims, limited human resource capacity of investigators, lack of adequate facilities, minimal public awareness, insufficient institutional coordination, and technological gaps that hinder optimal enforcement efforts.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal protection for victims of human trafficking in Indonesia, based on Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking. Legal protection for victims encompasses preventive measures, case handling, and the restoration of victims’ rights through available legal mechanisms. The focus of this research is to evaluate how far the existing regulations can provide comprehensive protection for victims—beginning from the victim identification process, through judicial proceedings, and continuing to social rehabilitation and reintegration into society. This study applies a normative juridical method that emphasizes legal norms and regulations in force. It also highlights the importance of synergy among law enforcement agencies, the government, and non-governmental organizations to ensure optimal protection for trafficking victims. The research identifies several challenges in the implementation of legal protection, such as limited human resources and inadequate facilities, lack of public legal awareness, and judicial processes that are often slow and unresponsive to victims’ needs. Another major obstacle is the lack of access to legal aid and recovery services, which are crucial for supporting victims’ reintegration and fulfillment of their human rights. This paper seeks to provide a clearer understanding of the current conditions regarding legal protection for human trafficking victims in Indonesia and to formulate recommendations for more effective and integrated policy improvements. Enhancing legal frameworks and improving inter-agency coordination are essential steps toward ensuring victims receive justice and the protection they are entitled to under human rights principles.

The central building of the cyber world in the city center plays a significant role in enhancing community activities, providing social space, and contributing to the city's image. As the first shopping center in Palembang City, International Plaza has historical and strategic value in the city's development. However, over time, the attractiveness of International Plaza has decreased significantly. This decline is caused by several factors, such as the development of new, more modern shopping centers and the lack of updates to the building's design elements that can attract visitors. This study aims to analyze the potential for redesigning International Plaza with a local cultural approach. In this redesign concept, the Sarinah Building in Jakarta is used as a comparative study because it has successfully combined modern concepts with the development of traditional elements that reflect local culture. The Sarinah Building, although designed with a modern approach, still maintains cultural values relevant to the surrounding community, thus creating a space that is not only functional but also has visual and emotional appeal for its visitors. The results of the study indicate that with a modern architectural approach that remains based on local culture, International Plaza has the potential to revitalize and attract visitors. The suggested redesign includes changes to the building's facade by adding ornaments typical of Palembang City, such as traditional carvings or motifs that reflect the richness of local culture. These ornaments can be applied using secondary skin techniques to building facades, which not only enhance aesthetics but also serve as sunscreens. Furthermore, zoning and tenant order are crucial for a more organized and comfortable visitor flow. Finally, enhancing the public space at the front of the building with additional public facilities, gardens, and gathering areas can create a more vibrant and enjoyable atmosphere for visitors.

An auction is an open sales mechanism that provides the public with the opportunity to acquire goods or assets through the highest bid. This process begins with an official announcement and is carried out transparently. In line with the development of information technology and efforts to modernize public services, the Indonesian government issued Minister of Finance Regulation (PMK) Number 122 of 2023 concerning Auction Implementation Guidelines. This regulation aims to update and simplify the auction process with a digital approach to make it more effective, efficient, and reach the wider community. This study aims to analyze the implementation of PMK 122/2023 at the Surakarta State Assets and Auction Service Office (KPKNL) and identify obstacles encountered in its implementation. The research method used is a juridical-empirical with a qualitative approach, where primary data was obtained through interviews with auction officials and related staff at the Surakarta KPKNL, while secondary data was collected from regulations, official documents, and legal literature. The research results show that the implementation of PMK 122/2023 has had a positive impact on improving the quality of auction services through digitalization, such as the implementation of an e-Auction system, the provision of e-Auction Corner facilities, and the use of other information technology to facilitate public access. Based on Soerjono Soekanto's theory of legal implementation, the success of policy implementation is influenced by factors such as legal substance, law enforcement officers, and the legal culture of the community. The Surakarta KPKNL (National Public Service Agency) is considered successful in increasing efficiency, accountability, and service satisfaction to the community. However, obstacles remain in its implementation, such as disputes over ownership of auction objects, resistance to occupants' evictions, and technical and administrative challenges in using online systems. This research recommends the need for inter-agency synergy, strengthening complementary regulations, and public education to support the smooth and sustainable implementation of digital-based auctions.

This study analyzes the phenomenon of judgmental attitudes among women in public spaces, particularly in women-only train carriages, through the perspective of radical feminism and the concept of internalized misogyny. Internalized misogyny is a form of internalization of sexist and discriminatory values ​​against women that are accepted and carried out by women themselves without realizing it, as a result of the influence of patriarchal culture that has taken root in society. This judgmental attitude appears in the form of rivalry, mutual demeaning, and the tendency to compare oneself with other women to gain validation or feel superior. A case study conducted in a women-only train carriage shows that spaces that should be safe for women actually create new social dynamics, such as competition for facilities, conflicts between passengers, and the erosion of empathy and solidarity among women. These findings indicate that internalized misogyny exacerbates negative stereotypes against women and strengthens rivalries between them, thus creating an environment that does not support solidarity. For example, women tend to demean each other or feel threatened when they are in spaces that should be safe for them. This research highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms of internalized misogyny and its impact on women's social interactions in public spaces, as this phenomenon hinders the creation of more equal and supportive relationships between women. A deeper understanding of these dynamics can facilitate women's empowerment and foster stronger solidarity within society. Therefore, it is crucial for women to dismantle their internalized patriarchal values to foster equality and support among women in public spaces.

Queues are a common phenomenon and are often encountered in various aspects of daily life, especially in places that provide public services. One of the places that is inseparable from the queue problem is Indomaret Jimbaran, Bali. The large number of buyers who send data to Indomaret Jimbaran during peak hours causes the queue rate to be high. This is due to the limited number of service facilities and the time provided to serve each visitor is limited so that the cashier cannot serve buyers optimally. Therefore, the researcher is interested in researching whether the service facilities provided by Indomaret Jimbaran are effective and efficient so that they can satisfy customers.Using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, it was found that the appropriate distribution for the interarrival time of customers is the Gamma distribution, while the service time follows the 3-parameter Weibull distribution. The queueing model used is . The results show that having three cashiers is sufficient to handle the level of customer traffic at Indomaret Jimbaran retail store.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) Unit in supervising landside facilities at Minangkabau International Airport. Landside facilities include passenger terminals, drop-off areas, parking lots, and other public spaces that serve as key interaction points between airport services and users. Effective supervision of these areas is essential to ensure safety, comfort, and order within the airport environment. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed in this research, with data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with TIS personnel and related stakeholders, as well as documentation analysis of existing regulations and supervision procedures.The findings reveal that the TIS Unit plays a strategic role in maintaining service quality and the security of landside facilities. This role is carried out through regular monitoring activities, early detection of potential disruptions, and the handling of various violations in public areas. However, the implementation of TIS duties still faces several challenges. These include limited personnel, which restricts comprehensive supervision of all areas; slow response from relevant units when operational issues are reported; and low discipline and compliance among service users, which further complicates enforcement efforts.To enhance the effectiveness of supervision, this study proposes several recommendations. These include strengthening inter-unit coordination within the airport, providing ongoing training for TIS personnel to improve competency and responsiveness, and implementing an integrated digital reporting system to streamline reporting and follow-up processes. Such measures are expected to support more optimal and sustainable supervision of landside facilities at the airport.

The issue of climate change and increasing public awareness of the importance of environmental sustainability are driving the tourism industry to adopt sustainable practices. One such effort is the use of environmentally friendly products or green products in its operations. BudiSun Resort Maumere, located in East Nusa Tenggara, is one resort that has implemented environmentally friendly principles in its services and facilities. However, further research is needed to determine the extent to which these practices influence consumer behavior, particularly in terms of purchase intention. This study aims to analyze the influence of green products, brand image, and environmental awareness on consumer purchase intention at BudiSun Resort Maumere. The research approach used was quantitative with a survey method. The sample in this study consisted of 150 respondents who had stayed at the resort. The instrument used was a questionnaire with a Likert scale, and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 25 software. The analysis results showed that all three independent variables—green product, brand image, and environmental awareness—simultaneously had a significant effect on purchase intention, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.827 and an F-value of 231.894 at a significance level of 0.000. Partially, brand image (β = 0.321; sig = 0.000) and environmental awareness (β = 0.651; sig = 0.000) had a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. However, green product (β = –0.056; sig = 0.354) did not show a significant effect. These findings suggest that while the use of environmentally friendly products is important, the strength of brand image and consumer environmental awareness play a greater role in influencing consumer intention to revisit resort services. Therefore, sustainable tourism marketing strategies should emphasize strengthening brand image and environmental education.

This research was conducted at the Tambaksari Fossil Museum, Ciamis Regency. The purpose of this research is to determine the Analysis of Cultural Heritage Management at the Tambaksari Fossil Museum, Ciamis Regency in 2024. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method. This method includes observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing techniques in this research are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. There are 5 informants. The results of the research show that the Analysis of Cultural Heritage Management at the Tambaksari Fossil Museum, Ciamis Regency in 2024 has not been running optimally. From the results of the observation, several indicators of problems were found related to the Analysis of Cultural Heritage Management at the Tambaksari Fossil Museum, Ciamis Regency in 2024, including limited adequate facilities and infrastructure in museum management, the lack of a management plan due to limited Human Resources (HR), the absence of a clear breakdown of duties and responsibilities in Museum management, and low community participation in Museum activities and management. The efforts made include submitting a budget for facility improvements to the local government, conducting routine fossil maintenance and conservation, identifying more comprehensive human resource needs, proposing to relevant parties to consider additional staff, and striving to increase public awareness of the importance of cultural preservation and the role of museums through good communication with the local community. Based on the results of the study above, it can be concluded that the overall Analysis of Cultural Heritage Management at the Tambaksari Fossil Museum, Ciamis Regency in 2024 has not been running optimally. To optimize the management of Cultural Heritage at the Tambaksari Fossil Museum, more intensive collaboration is needed between museum managers, the local government, and the community.

This study aims to conduct a SWOT analysis in planning the development strategy of Child-Friendly Integrated Public Space (RPTRA) in East Cempaka Putih Village. RPTRA is a public facility designed to support children's growth and development, improve the quality of the social environment, and strengthen relationships between residents in urban areas. Despite having great potential in encouraging social development, the existence of RPTRA still faces various challenges in its implementation, such as limited facilities, lack of community participation, and weak management systems. This study uses SWOT analysis methods to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by RPTRAs in the region. The data collection technique was carried out through direct observation at the location, documentation, and interviews with various stakeholders, including the village government, RPTRA managers, and the community using the facility. The results of the analysis show that the main strength of RPTRA lies in the existence of basic infrastructure, strategic location, and policy support from local governments. Weaknesses include lack of operational funds, limited educational facilities, and lack of training for managers. Opportunities can be seen from increasing public awareness of the importance of child-friendly public spaces and the opening of potential partnerships with the private sector. The threat comes from the potential for vandalism, lack of social control, and the risk of non-functional use of space. This research provides a number of strategic recommendations that include multi-stakeholder collaboration, active community involvement, and capacity building of human resources in the management of RPTRA. In addition, the proposed long-term strategies include the integration of family empowerment programs, the improvement of educational technology-based facilities, and the strengthening of regulations that support the sustainability of the RPTRA program. The implications of this study are expected not only to have an impact on optimizing the function of RPTRA locally, but also to become a model for the development of child-friendly public spaces in other urban areas. This research contributes to the literature on inclusive urban development oriented towards child welfare and strengthening community social cohesion.

The 2025 Thematic Community Service Program (KKN-T) for the R3 group of Janabadra University Yogyakarta was held in Tangisan Hamlet, Banyurejo Village, Tempel Subdistrict, Sleman Regency. Tangisan Hamlet has various local potentials that can be developed, such as a productive agricultural sector, active social institutions, and a rich cultural heritage. However, this area also faces several challenges that need to be addressed, including low legal literacy among the community, a high potential for juvenile delinquency, and limited public information support facilities in the hamlet. In implementing the KKN-T program, a participatory approach was applied by involving the local community from the planning stage to the evaluation. The process began with field observations to understand the actual conditions in the community, then continued with the formulation of a work program developed in collaboration with community leaders and village officials. The programs implemented included the installation of information signs in Javanese script at strategic points as part of supporting the "Culturally Independent Village" program. In addition, socialization was conducted regarding laws related to online loans and juvenile delinquency, which aimed to increase public understanding of legal issues. At Banyurejo 4 Public Elementary School, anti-bullying education is being conducted to raise students' awareness of the importance of mutual respect. Furthermore, at the Integrated Service Post (Posyandu) for toddlers, nutritious supplementary food using local foods is provided to support children's health in the area. All implemented programs are based on the actual needs of the community, identified through discussions and deliberations with community leaders. Through this Community Service Program (KKN-T) activity, it is hoped that a strong synergy will be established between students, the community, and the village government in promoting sustainable and independent village development. This program is expected to provide direct benefits to the community and pave the way for better village development in the future.

Background: Stunting remains a serious public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas such as Ambasea Village, Laeya Sub-district, South Konawe Regency. Stunting, or chronic growth failure in children due to prolonged malnutrition, generally occurs during the first 1,000 days of life. In Ambasea Village, this problem is exacerbated by irregular eating patterns among toddlers, consumption of low-nutrient foods, and poor hygiene behaviors. Toddlers frequently consume unhealthy snacks, reject main meals such as rice and side dishes, and rarely wash their hands with soap before eating or after using the toilet. Furthermore, limited access to basic sanitation—such as the lack of proper latrines and adequate wastewater disposal systems (SPAL)—also contributes to the high risk of infections that disrupt nutrient absorption, increasing the likelihood of stunting in children. Objective: This study aims to describe the environmental health conditions contributing to the incidence of stunting among children aged 0–2 years in Ambasea Village. Methods: The research used an observational analytic method with a quantitative cross-sectional design. The study involved 54 toddlers identified as stunted. Data were collected through structured interviews with parents or caregivers and direct observation of the household and surrounding environmental conditions. Results: The results showed that 66.5% of households did not have access to proper latrines, and 70% lacked adequate wastewater disposal systems. However, 87% had access to clean water, and 85% of respondents demonstrated good handwashing behavior. Conclusion: The environmental health conditions in Ambasea Village reveal ongoing challenges related to latrine ownership and wastewater management. Although clean water access is relatively good and hygiene practices among residents are fairly positive, improving sanitation infrastructure remains crucial. Enhancing these conditions is expected to significantly reduce the risk of stunting among toddlers in the area. Collaborative efforts involving local government, health workers, and the community are essential to create a healthier environment for early childhood development.

This study aims to describe and provide recommendations regarding the proper management of extracurricular sports activities in senior high schools in Tarakan City. Extracurricular activities play an important role in helping students develop their potential. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. Subjects included principals, physical education teachers or extracurricular sports coordinators, and sports coaches from 14 randomly selected religious, public, and private senior high schools in Tarakan City. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation and technique triangulation. The data analysis process included data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that: (1) Planning for extracurricular sports activities is generally carried out through coordination meetings among the parties involved to organize activities during one school year. Scheduling is the responsibility of the extracurricular coordinator and is arranged in consultation with the sports supervisor or coach to avoid conflicts with other school events. Coaches also prepare training programs as part of the planning process. (2) Extracurricular sports activities are held in the afternoon, outside of regular school hours, based on a schedule prepared by the coordinator and vice principal for student affairs. (3) Evaluations are conducted at least once every three months and involve various school stakeholders. Aspects evaluated include student attendance, participation in learning, and training outcomes. (4) Supporting factors include adequate facilities and infrastructure, funding, student competency, and teacher involvement. Conversely, inhibiting factors include low student attendance, limited funding, inadequate or inadequate facilities, and unfavorable weather conditions. These findings provide an overview of how extracurricular sports activities are managed in high schools in Tarakan City and highlight the importance of effective planning, implementation, and evaluation. This study also identifies key factors that support and hinder the success of these programs, offering insights for future improvements.

The existence of Final Waste Processing Sites (TPA) in urban areas often presents a dilemma between the need for waste management infrastructure and its environmental and social impacts on surrounding communities. This study aims to examine the impact of the TPA Terjun in Medan City on patterns of land use change and the socioeconomic conditions of nearby residents. The method used is quantitative, involving a survey of 150 respondents, and multiple linear regression analysis to test the influence of two independent variables namely, the characteristics of the TPA and public perception and response on community perceptions of environmental impacts. The results indicate that both independent variables have a significant simultaneous effect on public perception, with a model significance value of 0.022. Partially, the physical characteristics of the TPA have a significantly positive influence, while community perceptions and responses also contribute meaningfully. However, the low coefficient of determination (R² = 0.009) suggests that many other factors outside the model also influence perceptions of environmental impact. This study highlights the importance of a holistic approach in spatial planning and urban environmental management, particularly in relation to public facilities such as TPAs. Community participation, infrastructure quality, and zoning certainty are crucial factors in maintaining the balance between the functional needs of the city and the desired quality of the microenvironment.

The Community-Based Sanitation Program (PAMSIMAS) is a government initiative aimed at improving community access to proper sanitation facilities, particularly in rural areas. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the program in Tanjung Aman Village, Wampu District, Langkat Regency. A qualitative approach was used with a phenomenological method, focusing on the experiences and perceptions of local residents and village officials regarding program implementation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation, involving 15 informants comprising residents, sanitation cadres, and village officials. The findings show that technically, the sanitation facilities function well; however, sustainability in usage faces challenges such as low community participation, weak maintenance systems, and the absence of binding local regulations. Community perception of the program is generally positive, particularly regarding improvements in environmental cleanliness and comfort in using the facilities, yet unequal access remains a significant issue. The study concludes that the success of PAMSIMAS largely depends on collaboration among the community, local cadres, and village policies. Strategic recommendations include the formulation of Village Regulations, regular training for cadres, and the establishment of a community-based sanitation management institution. With this approach, the program is expected to operate sustainably and provide long-term benefits to rural communities.

This study aims to analyze the role of mental health as a moderation variable in the relationship between work facilities and employee job satisfaction. Adequate work facilities are generally thought to be able to increase job satisfaction, but these effects can vary depending on the individual's psychological condition, particularly mental health. This research is motivated by the importance of a holistic approach in human resource management, which includes both physical and psychological aspects of the work environment. The research method used was a quantitative approach with survey techniques to 150 respondents working in the public service sector in urban areas. The data collection instrument was in the form of a closed questionnaire with a Likert scale, and hypothesis testing was carried out through moderation regression analysis using the help of SPSS software. The results of the study show that work facilities have a positive and significant influence on employee job satisfaction. In addition, it was found that mental health played a significant role as a significant moderation variable in the relationship. This means that the influence of work facilities on job satisfaction becomes stronger or weaker depending on the level of mental health possessed by employees. These findings underscore the importance of organizations not only focusing on improving physical work facilities, but also paying attention to and managing employees' mental health as an integral part of strategies to improve well-being and work productivity. Interventions such as counseling programs, work-life balance, and stress management training need to be considered as part of the organization's policies. This research makes a theoretical contribution in enriching the understanding of the role of psychological variables in job satisfaction dynamics, as well as a practical contribution to management in designing a healthier and more productive work environment.

This study aims to explain and analyze the quality of public services at the Leihitu Barat District Office. Quality public service is a key indicator in assessing the performance of local governments, particularly at the sub-district level, which directly provides services to the community. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the current service conditions. The informants in this study totaled 10 people, consisting of district officials and community members who use the services. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations of service activities at the sub-district office, and documentation of relevant supporting documents. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis with a case study approach, providing a comprehensive picture of existing problems and potentials. The assessment of service quality is based on Zeithaml’s theory, which includes five main dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The research findings indicate that the quality of public services at the Leihitu Barat District Office has not yet met optimal standards. In terms of tangibles, it was found that physical facilities such as waiting areas, service desks, and supporting equipment are still very limited. The reliability dimension is also not well fulfilled, as the service processes are often inconsistent and not timely. The assurance dimension reflects a lack of professional ability and attitudes among officials in providing a sense of security and trust to the public. However, the dimensions of responsiveness and empathy show relatively positive developments. Some officials have demonstrated responsive and empathetic attitudes in addressing the needs and complaints of the public. Nonetheless, comprehensive improvements are still necessary. These include enhancing the quality of human resources, increasing the availability of physical infrastructure, and improving service management systems. By addressing these areas, public services at the Leihitu Barat District Office can become more effective and better aligned with community expectations.