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Developments in the realm of health law develop in line with advances in health science. Currently, health law has become a very important element in dealing with various legal problems and issues in the health sector. On the other hand, with the development of increasingly sophisticated technology, the issue of traditional medicine has received less attention. However, in the context of efforts to fulfill the right to health in Indonesia, traditional medicine should be an alternative that is important to pay attention to. This is supported by Indonesia's natural conditions which have rich biodiversity, including various plant species that have the potential to be used as raw materials for traditional medicine. Thus, legal protection of traditional medicines from the perspective of health law and intellectual property law becomes very important. The research method used in this research is a normative research method which is conceptualized in legislation or conceptualized as norms or rules that serve as the basis for human behavior. The aim of this research is to analyze the legal protection of traditional medicines from the perspective of health law and intellectual property law in Indonesia. The results of this research concluded that related to traditional medicine, Law no. 17 of 2023 does not explicitly mention it as a traditional medicine. However, the definition of traditional medicine is equated with the term "Natural Medicine." In Article 321 paragraph (1), natural medicines are divided into several categories, including herbal medicines, standardized herbal medicines, phytopharmaca, and other natural medicines. Legal protection for traditional medicines or natural medicines is regulated in Articles 324-325 of Law no. 17 of 2023 concerning Health. On the other hand, in the context of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), legal protection for traditional medicines is included in the patent system, as regulated in Article 26 of Law Number 13 of 2016 concerning Patents.

The knowledge of medicine and treatment, also known as Jamu, is one of the most important areas of Traditional Knowledge. It is widespread among indigenous peoples and local communities, and is an integral part of the communal rights held by indigenous peoples. Almost all indigenous peoples have developed knowledge about plants for various purposes, especially for medicine. The use of biodiversity as an ingredient in medicinal herbs has been a common practice in Indonesia for centuries. The question that arises is whether the knowledge of Jamu has received adequate protection from the government againts the rights of indigenous peoples related to Traditional Knowledge. This is the focus of the author attention in this discussion. This research discusses the regulation of communal intellectual property in the legal framework used to protect the knowledge of traditional herbal medicine, and how the effectiveness of legal protection of communal intellectual property on traditional herbal medicine knowledge. The purposes of this study is to determine the legal protection of traditional knowledge and analyze the positive legal regulations. This research method used by researchers is the normative juridical approach method. The results of the research conducted by the author in this thesis can be concluded that Traditional Protection on Jamu needs to be protected in accordance with the concept of protection of Philipus M. Hadjon, namely by means of preventive protection and repressive protection.

Herbal medicine is a traditional medicine that is in great demand because it is made from natural ingredients with minimal side effects. This creates irresponsible producers who add BKO to increase sales. One of the medicinal chemicals that is often added is diclofenac sodium. The aim of this research is to review the journal of medicinal chemical analysis (BKO) of sodium diclofenac in herbal medicine in order to determine the effectiveness of the stationary phase and mobile phase in the thin layer chromatography method and the effectiveness of the solvent in UV-Vis spectrophotometry in the analysis of the medicinal chemical of sodium diclofenac in preparations herbal medicine. This research method is a literature study, by searching for articles on the Google Scholar database. Some of the keywords used include solvent optimization in the analysis of diclofenac sodium in herbal medicine preparations using the TLC method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, optimization and validation of determining the levels of diclofenac sodium in herbal medicine preparations using the TLC method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, analysis of diclofenac sodium in herbal medicine preparations. using the TLC method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and validation of determining the levels of diclofenac sodium in herbal preparations using the TLC method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The search strategy is limited by using several filters, including publication year between 2018 – 2023, selection of full text type and English and Indonesian. This research method is a literature study, by searching for articles on the Google Scholar database. Some of the keywords used include solvent optimization in the analysis of diclofenac sodium in herbal medicine preparations using the TLC method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, optimization and validation of determining the levels of diclofenac sodium in herbal medicine preparations using the TLC method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, analysis of diclofenac sodium in herbal medicine preparations. using the TLC method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and validation of determining the levels of diclofenac sodium in herbal preparations using the TLC method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The search strategy is limited by using several filters, including publication year between 2018 – 2023, selection of full text type and English and Indonesian.

Dyspepsia (ulcer) is a collection of upper gastrointestinal symptoms including pain or discomfort in the gastro-duodenal area (epigastrium/tenati), burning, fullness, fullness, nausea or vomiting. The purpose of this health education activity is to increase the knowledge and understanding of the community, especially in the Inpatient Health Center environment regarding dyspepsia including signs and symptoms, how to use drugs, and prevention. The activity includes several stages, namely material presentation using lecture method and leaflet media, question and answer session, pretest, and post test. The percentage results of the average pretest value are 37.30% and the average post test is 67.70%. The conclusion of this study is that there is an increase in community knowledge in Puskesma Rawat Inap Cempaka after being given education and exposure to dyspepsia material.

Pada masa peralihan, remaja banyak dihadapkan pada permasalahan dalam penguasaan diri ataupun pengendalian diri. Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi adalah penyalahgunaan narkoba, kenakalan remaja, perilaku sex bebas, serta masalah yang berkaitan dengan sekolah. Upaya yang harus dilakukan adalah memahami kelabilan remaja dalam mencari jati diri agar dapat diambil tindakan yang tepat, Pemberian perhatian intensif secara individual, Pemahaman dan pemenuhan fasilitas kebutuhan/bakat/minat remaja dalam mencari identitas atau jati dirinya. Pendekatan kolaboratif yang melibatkan berbagai lintas komunitas (keluarga, masyarakat, Perguruan Tinggi, pemerintah dan instansi lainnya). Sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab Perguruan Tinggi pada perkembangan remaja saat ini maka tim Dosen mengadakan advokasi tentang remaja, permasalahan dan penanggulangannya di SMP Muhamadiyah 8 Jatisari Kota Semarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah Sosialisasi. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada hari Selasa tanggal 28 November 2023 dengan materi Remaja, masalah dan penanggulangannya. Kegiatan PPM ini bertujuan agar remaja bisa terhindar dari kenakalan remaja, pergaulan bebas, penyalahgunaan obat terlarang dan perilaku negatif lainnya.

Health is a human right and is an element of welfare because health is a community need and must be realized. One of the health supports is medicine, the function of medicine is prevention, healing, recovery, health improvement, and contraception, for humans. Based on its function and the dangerous consequences of drug consumption, its manufacture and distribution must be under the supervision of the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency, by Presidential Regulation Number 80 of 2017 concerning the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency.Under his supe rvision, illegal drugs remain widespread and consumed in inappropriate doses by the public, including hard drugs and narcotics. As a result of dependence, many drug traffickers are caught and repeat the same actions (recidivists). Drug recidivism is regulated in Law Number 5 of 2009 concerning Narcotics Article 144 paragraph (1). However, the distribution of narcotics continues to occur. From the results of this research, the author found that BPOM's efforts as a supervisory body need to be increased, not only collaborating between agencies but also inviting the community, this is also to realize Chapter XIII concerning Community Participation, Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. Also, apply the most severe sanctions to create a deterrent effect so that there is no repetition of criminal acts of narcotics trafficking.    

Health problems that are of global concern are infectious diseases, one of which is tuberculosis (TB). Indonesia is one of the eight countries that contributes the most TB cases worldwide, and is ranked third after India and China (WHO, 2021). Non-compliance with taking medication is the main factor causing TB treatment failure, which reaches 50% (Aisyan, 2018). An innovation that can be done to overcome non-compliance with taking medication is the WhatsApp chatbot telenursing program. The aim of this research is to determine whether there is an effect of WhatsApp chatbot telenursing on medication adherence (OAT) in tuberculosis sufferers at Benteng Sukabumi City Health Center. This research method is experimental research with a pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. The population in this study were all TB-SO and TB-RO patients who were undergoing treatment at Benteng Health Center with a total population of 51 patients. Sampling used a total sample technique according to inclusion and exclusion criteria so that the required sample was 45 respondents. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in medication compliance behavior from before the intervention, 9 respondents were compliant, after the intervention there were 44 respondents who were compliant in taking medication, and the Wilcoxon test results obtained a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05 so that H1 was accepted and existed. The influence of the WhatsApp chatbot telenursing program on compliance with anti-tuberculosis medication (OAT) in tuberculosis sufferers at Benteng Sukabumi City Health Center

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that affects the way an individual thinks, feels, and behaves. Family, as a source of support, is crucial for individuals with schizophrenia as an essential aspect of the recovery process. This support includes overseeing medication intake, providing continuous and optimal care, and empowering individuals with schizophrenia. The issue observed at the Mental Health Clinic of the Regional General Hospital dr. Murjani Sampit is the insufficient family support in accompanying patients for check-ups, leading to many patients experiencing relapses due to inadequate adherence to regular medication intake. This study aims to determine the relationship between family support and medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia at the Mental Health Clinic of RSUD dr. Murjani Sampit. The research design used is correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The instrument used is a questionnaire, and statistical analysis is performed using the Spearman's rho test. The sample consists of family members of patients, totaling 68 individuals. Statistical analysis with Spearman's rho shows a p-value of 0.000, where (α < 0.05), indicating that H1 is accepted, meaning: "There is a relationship between family support and medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia at the Mental Health Clinic of RSUD dr. Murjani Sampit." The conclusion of this study is that family support becomes a significant factor influencing individuals' beliefs and health values, as well as determining the treatment programs they will receive. Families also play a crucial role in providing support and making decisions regarding the treatment of their ill family members.

Intestinal diseases caused by transmission from worms as a source of helminthiasis generally occur in areas with subtropical and tropical climate conditions which have a wet climate and lack of awareness among the public regarding maintaining health and sanitation of the surrounding environment. Around 60 percent of Indonesians experience worm infections. The largest age group is 5-14 years old. The prevalence figure is 60 percent, 21 percent of which attack elementary school age children. This disease can be spread by eggs in human waste found in soil and water, therefore awareness of clean and sanitary living is very influential, the process or pattern of feces disposal is also very influential in the spread of this worm. The high rate of soil contamination by Ascaris, which reaches >70%, can also be caused by feces that are thrown anywhere, such as in bushes or around houses close to where you live.  Preventing recurrent infections is very important by practicing clean and healthy living habits such as avoiding contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feces, washing hands with soap and water before handling food, protecting food from soil and washing or heating food that falls on the floor. Several researchers have shown that school age is a group that is often affected by worm infections because they are often in contact with soil. Apart from the government, the role of teachers and parents is very important in providing understanding or knowledge about worms so that they are more disciplined. The aim of community service is to provide knowledge and understanding to class IV/A students at SD N Pannara regarding the dangers of worms and how to prevent them and administer worm medicine.    

This study aims to compare the regulation of cosmetic distribution between the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) in Indonesia and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States. The comparative method is carried out by analyzing regulations, registration procedures, security requirements, post-marketing supervision, and the role of each institution in maintaining the safety of cosmetic products. The research results show that although BPOM and FDA have the same goal of protecting consumers and ensuring the safety of cosmetic products, there are significant differences in their regulatory approaches and registration procedures. BPOM tends to adopt a more formal, qualified approach with strict requirements for registration of cosmetic products, while FDA uses a more flexible approach with more responsibility devolving to manufacturers to ensure compliance with approvals. The two agencies also have differences in post-marketing oversight. Indonesia's BPOM tends to be more active in conducting regular product testing on the market, while the United States FDA relies more on consumer and manufacturer reports to identify unsafe products. However, both face similar challenges in dealing with the rapid development of the cosmetics industry and product innovation. Continuous efforts are needed to improve regulation and supervision to ensure that cosmetic products in circulation are safe for consumers around the world.  

Health education about the benefits of herbal plants as anti-gout arthritis drugs needs to be done to help people increase their knowledge so that they can apply wise actions and attitudes that can improve their quality of life. The purpose of community service activities is to find out the effect of health socialization on the use of herbal plants on gout by assessing the increase in knowledge, attitudes, actions of participants and assistance in making ginger tea as a prevention of gout arthritis, as well as conducting gout screening tests. Methods of community service activities in the form of counseling, outreach, and education as well as assistance in making ginger medang which will then be evaluated with pre and post counseling questionnaires. The number of participants 30 people are people who live in the work area of the Palembang Kertapati Health Center. An indicator of the success of counseling is an increase in the knowledge, attitudes and actions of community service participants. In the results of the study, it was known that the level of knowledge before socialization and education was 36.7% and increased after socialization (86.7%); attitude of participants before socialization 80% after socialization increased to 100%; action before socialization 63.3% after socialization 100%. It is known that there is an influence from education and outreach in the form of increasing knowledge, attitudes and actions of the community at the Kertapati Health Center, Palembang City, South Sumatra so that a follow-up program is needed in the form of intensive counseling for health center cadres as the spearhead of information on a wider range of people.

Health is the main capital for the growth of the nation's life.  The development of trade is currently experiencing very rapidprogress, which occurs not only in the goods traded but also in the buying and selling transactions themselves.  One very important component of health is the availability of medicines as part of public health services.  This research aims to find out about the distribution of drugs without a distribution permit and consumer protection in terms of monitoring and taking action against drugs without a distribution permit that are sold online by the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency and the Ministry of Communication and Information.  The results of the research show that the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency has made various efforts to protect the public from drugs without distribution permits that are sold online, in handling the circulation of drugs sold online, the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency collaborates with Interpol and other government agencies such as the Ministry of Communication and  Informatics carries out Operation Pangea.  In this operation, the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency will list websites and social media accounts that promote and market drugs without a distribution permit to be submitted to the Ministry of Communication and Information for blocking.  A distribution permit is preventive supervision as a form of protection for consumers carried out by the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency before the drug circulates in the community.  So it is reasonable to suspect that if a drug does not have a distribution permit, the drug has not been tested for safety, efficacy and quality aspects.

Medicinal chemicals (BKO) are chemical compounds that are commonly added to traditional medicinal preparations to increase the drug's indications and offer a powerful and rapid impact in illness treatment. Traditional medicines containing BKO in Indonesia, particularly in East and West Java, are increasing year after year, from 43 to 50-53 traditional remedies containing medicinal compounds. Using the normative method, researchers will be able to use the findings of empirical legal science and other sciences to analyze and explain law without altering the character of normative legal science. The Consumer Protection Law Number 8 of 1999 regulates legal protection for consumers who consume industrially produced traditional medicines containing dangerous chemical chemicals. Article 19 (1) states that business actors are responsible for compensating consumers for damage, pollution, and/or losses caused by the consumption of goods and/or services produced or traded. (2) The compensation described in paragraph (1) may take the form of a refund or replacement of products and/or services of the same kind or equivalent value, or health care, and/or the payment of compensation in line with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. (3) Compensation is granted within 7 days after the transaction date. (4) Providing compensation as stated in paragraphs (1) and (2) does not preclude criminal prosecution based on further evidence indicating the presence of an element of error. (5) If the business actor can demonstrate that the error was caused by the customer, the rules intended in paragraphs (1) and (2) do not apply. Suggestions for effective implementation. Suggestions so that they can be implemented well.    

Knowledge results from knowing and occurs when someone senses a particular object. Dagusibu (Get Use Save and Throw Away) is a health education program created by IAI (Indonesian Pharmacists Association) to create a Drug Aware Family Movement as a concrete step to improve the quality of life of the community. This research aims to determine the level of community knowledge about Dagusibu Medicine in Salubomba Village, Central Banawa District, Donggala Regency based on age, occupation, and education. The type of research is descriptive research. The population of the study is all people who live in Salubomba Village, Central Banawa District, Donggala Regency. The sample used was 94 people with each hamlet representing 19 people. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The results of the research showed that the level of public knowledge about Dagusibu Medicine in Salubomba Village was 39 respondents with poor knowledge, 51 respondents with sufficient knowledge, and 4 respondents with good knowledge. So, it can be concluded that the level of knowledge of the people in Salubomba Village has an adequate level of knowledge about Dagusibu Medicine. The conclusion that can be drawn is that the level of public knowledge about Dagusibu Medicine is sufficient knowledge, namely the level of public knowledge based on age level with less knowledge is 41.42%, based on occupation, less knowledge is 41.42%, and based on education, less knowledgeable is 41.48%.    

Currently, people still often make mistakes when it comes to getting, using, storing and disposing of medicines correctly. This can cause undesirable things to happen in treatment such as drugs that cannot function optimally, drugs that are used incorrectly, drugs that are not stored properly and careless disposal of drugs. These undesirable things can of course be detrimental to people when using drugs. Indonesians are famous for their habit of self-medication, namely taking medicine without a prescription to treat minor illnesses. Self-medication is an option that many people choose. Self-medication, which is the term for self-medication, is one of the steps that people can take to maintain their health. So it is necessary to provide outreach about DAGUSIBU medicine. By providing knowledge about the importance of handling medicines through DAGUSIBU and Gema Cermat, it is hoped that the community in Jenetallasa Hamlet, Pallangga sub-district will get a proper understanding about medicines and drug abuse can be avoided and treatment will be more appropriate in the community. DAGUSIBU is the most important thing because knowledge is one way to be able to use medicine, store, obtain and dispose of medicine according to the DAGUSIBU concept. The knowledge category includes the ability to recall from memory specific and general things, methods and processes or remember a pattern, structure, symptom or event. According to WHO, drug use is said to be rational if the patient receives drugs that suit their clinical needs, in doses according to their needs.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Anti-tuberculosis drugs (OAT) are the most important component of TB treatment. CRP can be used as a marker of tuberculosis activity and severity and can predict the course of the disease. This study aimed to determine CRP levels in TB patients at the Oebobo Community Health Centre in Kupang City as a monitor of response to TB treatment. The research design was observational analytic using a cross sectional approach by measuring CRP levels in the form of high sensitivity CRP in pulmonary TB patients with OAT therapy. The results showed that of the 27 respondents (20 men, 7 women), 18 people (66.66%) had CRP ≤ 10 mg/L and 9 people (33.33%) had CRP > 10 mg/L. Based on the length of treatment, CRP levels > 10.0 mg/L were most prevalent in respondents who were undergoing intensive treatment, namely 6 people (22.22%). Respondents with advanced treatment had more CRP levels ≤ 10.0 mg/L (26.63%) than > 10.0 mg/L (11.11%).

This study aims to explore the potential of plant species used in traditional medicine, the organ parts used and the processing of medicinal plants. This research was conducted for 2 weeks from March 14 to March 27, 2023 in Hepang Village. This study uses a type of science research with identification and exploration survey methods. The population of this study amounted to 15 people consisting of Battra (Traditional Medicine) 3 people, 6 patients and 6 people in general. Based on the results of the study found 22 types of medicinal plants namely Peperomia pellucida, Euphorbia thymifolia, Piper batle, Euphorbia hirta, Momodirca charantia, Curcuma domestica, Choromolaena odorata, Orthosiphon stamineus, Morinda citrifolia, Paederia foetida, Kaemferia galanga, Morus alba, Sonchus arvensis, Anomianthus dulcis, Gynura procumbens, Centella asiatica, Phyllanthus niruri, Androrapis paniculata Ness, Pluchea indica, Alstonia scholaris, Physalis angulata, Elephantopus scaber, which consists of 14 families, the most widely used Asteraceae. The most widely used organ parts are leaves 53%, roots 26%, rhizomes 7%, while the least used organs are stems, fruits and sap 3%. The processing is very traditional, namely by boiling, pounding, squeezing, squeezing, chewing, soaking, grinding and cutting.    

Abstrak. Hipertensi atau penyakit darah tinggi sebenarnya adalah suatu gangguan pada pembuluh darah yang mengakibatkan suplai oksigen dan nutrisi yang dibawah oleh darah terhambat sampai ke jaringan tubuh yang membutuhkan. Peran edukator berperan membantu pasien meningkatkan kesehatannya melalui pemberian pengetahuan tentang perawatan dan tindakan medis yang di terima sehingga pasien atau keluarga dapat mengetahui pengetahuan yang penting bagi pasien atau keluarga untuk meningkatakan kepatuhan obat terhadap hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan peran perawat sebagai edukator dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Bitung Barat.Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. jumlah populasi 302 pasien hipertensi. Sampel yang diambil berdasarkan jumlah responden sebanyak 45 responden dengan menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling . Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi. Untuk di analisa dengan uji statistic Uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan (α) 0,05.Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan Nilai ρ=0,019 artinya Ha diterima yaitu ada hubungan antara peran perawat sebagia edukator dengan kepatuhan minum obat.Kesimpulan semakin baik peran perawat sebagai edukator terhadap pasien hipertensi maka semakin patuh minum obat. Saran perawat harus selalu memberikan penjelasan tentang hipertensi dan kepatuhan minum obat kepada setiap pasien yang datang.      

In 2020, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for 73% of global causes of death, claiming the lives of 36 million people annually. The rising rates of morbidity and mortality are influenced by hypertension. One of the most prevalent cardiovascular disorders in the world today is hypertension.The research objective was to determine the correlation between knowledge with compliance with taking medication for hypertension sufferers at the Wonogiri Public  Health Center in North Lampung Regency. This research type is quantitative using a cross-sectional design with a population of 471 people. The sampling technique used purposive sampling of 83 respondents. The statistical tests used are Gamma and Logistic Regression. The study findings demonstrated a significant correlation between knowledge and hypertension patients' compliance to taking their medications (p-value=0.000).

Parkinson adalah penyakit neurodegenerative jangka panjang yang ditandai dengan gangguan pergerakan, dan tremor saat istirahat. Penyakit parkinson belum bisa disembuhkan dan hanya bisa di lakukan penanganan menggunakan obat dan terapi. Pengobatan yang dilakukan jangka panjang akan mempengaruhi pasien secara ekonomi secara langsung. Selain biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk obat, pasien Parkinson juga dapat kehilangan produktivitas karena meninggalkan pekerjaan akibat gejala dari penyakitnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis biaya berdasarkan persepsi pasien penderita parkinson yaitu biaya langsung dan biaya tidak langsung. Biaya langsung terdiri dari biaya pengobatan sedangkan biaya tidak langsung terdiri dari biaya hilangnya produktivitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif observasional dengan pengambilan data dari rekam medik dan wawancara kepada pasien. Data dianalisis untuk melihat besar atau rata-rata biasa langsung yaitu biaya medis langsung maupun non medis langsung dan biaya tidak langsung yaitu hilangnya produktivitas. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat 23 sampel yang terdiri dari laki-laki 70% atau sebanyak 16 orang dan Perempuan sebesar 30% atau sebanyak 7 orang.  Biaya medis langsung dengan komponen biaya tertinggi adalah biaya pemeriksaan dengan rata-rata Rp. 12.130, biaya obat rata-rata Rp. 64.503, biaya asuhan perawat rata-rata Rp. 64.500. Biaya non medis langsung dengan komponen biaya tertinggi yaitu biaya transportasi rata-rata Rp.  20.652, biaya konsumsi rata-rata Rp. 16.965. Biaya tidak langsung pada jenis hilangnya produktivitas dengan rata-rata Rp. 1.388.894. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa biaya medis langsung merupakan biaya tertinggi dibandingkan biaya non medis langsung dan biaya tidak langsung.   Kata kunci: Analisis biaya, Parkinson, Persepsi pasien,