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The purpose of this scientific paper is to design and implement a knowledge-based expert system to assist students in determining their major specializations at Vocational High Schools (SMK) more objectively and accurately. A major problem frequently faced by SMK students is the mismatch in department selection caused by a lack of understanding regarding their own potential and the specific criteria of each competency. To address this issue, the system was developed using the Forward Chaining method as the inference engine. This method operates in a data-driven manner, beginning with the collection of facts such as interests, academic abilities, and psychological aspects, which are then matched against a Knowledge Base consisting of IF-THEN logical rules. Based on system testing results, the inference engine is capable of processing the list of facts to generate a specialization diagnosis for SMK students and provide the most relevant departmental recommendations, such as Computer and Network Engineering (TKJ), Accounting, Office Automation and Governance (OTKP), or Marketing. The research results indicate that the implementation of the Forward Chaining method is effective in accelerating the decision-making process and minimizing placement errors. This expert system is expected to serve as a tool for Guidance and Counseling (BK) teachers in providing appropriate career direction for students based on structured empirical data.

This study describes the development of a web-based Archival Information System aimed at improving the efficiency and accuracy of managing incoming and outgoing correspondence at the Teluk Nibung Sub-District Office in Tanjungbalai City. The system enhances administrative workflows by digitizing key processes, including the receipt, verification, recording, and archiving of incoming letters, as well as the preparation and distribution of outgoing letters. Management of incoming and outgoing documents is handled separately to ensure systematic processing and to reduce errors commonly found in manual administration. Developed using web-based technologies and supported by a MySQL database, the system enables flexible access, automated data storage, and faster document retrieval. The implementation results indicate notable improvements in administrative performance, such as quicker processing times, reduced reliance on paper-based archives, and improved data security. Overall, the system supports the modernization of public sector administration and contributes to more effective, reliable, and sustainable archival management practices at the sub-district office level.

This study ims to analyze the implementation of a real-time inventory management system, identify challenges in the current inventory process, and provide appropriate solutions. Based on observations, inventory data management at PT. Tirta Investama still relies on manual and semi-computerized methods, resulting in inventory discrepancies, delays in information updates, difficulties in real-time monitoring, and inefficiencies in report generation and distribution processes. This research employed Library Research and Field Research methods. The system involves two user roles, namely Supervisors and Checkers. Supervisors are responsible for managing products, incoming and outgoing goods, transactions, and user accounts, while Checkers verify document consistency for goods processing activities. The system was developed using PHP Native and MariaDB version 10.4.27. The implementation of this system is expected to improve inventory monitoring in real time, enhance data accuracy, minimize recording errors, support faster decision-making in procurement and distribution activities, and facilitate more efficient report generation.

This study analyzes the potential of leading sectors in five cities in Aceh Province: Sabang, Banda Aceh, Lhokseumawe, Langsa, and Subulussalam using the Location Quotient (LQ) method. This method is used to identify basic sectors that have comparative advantages and play a role as the main drivers of the regional economy. The data used are secondary data on GRDP by business field from BPS. The results of the study show that each city has different leading sectors according to the characteristics of its region: Sabang excels in the tourism and service sectors; Banda Aceh in the modern service sector such as transportation, finance, and energy; Lhokseumawe in the processing industry and trade; Langsa in the service, trade, and transportation sectors; and Subulussalam in the agricultural and MSME sectors. This study emphasizes the need for the formulation of development policies based on local potential to encourage inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Aceh Province.

This study aims to examine customer segmentation through K-Means clustering from a customer data management perspective, emphasizing the interpretive value of analytical results rather than solely their computational outcomes. The research addresses a critical issue in contemporary data-driven organizations, where customer analytics is often reduced to technical modeling without sufficient translation into managerial insights. To respond to this gap, the study adopts a qualitative interpretive approach embedded within a quantitative clustering process, positioning clustering as part of a broader information management cycle. The empirical analysis is based on the Mall Customers Dataset obtained from Kaggle, consisting of 200 customer records with numerical attributes representing age, annual income, and spending score. Quantitative processing using K-Means clustering was employed to identify customer segments, while qualitative interpretation was applied to analyze the managerial meaning of each cluster. Data interpretation was supported by analytical documentation, visualization outputs, and reflective analysis of cluster characteristics. The findings reveal four distinct customer segments with different behavioral and economic profiles, each carrying specific strategic implications for customer relationship management and marketing decision-making. The study demonstrates that the primary value of clustering lies not merely in segment formation, but in its ability to transform raw customer data into actionable managerial knowledge. In conclusion, this research contributes to customer analytics literature by integrating data mining techniques with qualitative interpretation, offering a more human-centered and decision-oriented framework for customer data management. Future research is encouraged to extend this approach using organizational case studies or participatory decision-making contexts.

The implementation of patient safety culture in hospitals remains a significant challenge, often leading to adverse events. Establishing a strong patient safety culture requires effective interprofessional collaboration among healthcare professionals to deliver patient-centered care. However, factors such as organizational distrust and job dissatisfaction continue to hinder collaborative efforts and negatively affect the quality of care and patient safety outcomes.This study aims to examine the influence of organizational trust and job satisfaction on patient safety culture, with interprofessional collaboration serving as an intervening variable at MP hospital.  This quantitative associative research used a causal approach involving 93 inpatient nurses as respondents. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires using an ordinal scale based on a 4–1 Likert scale. Data processing employed the three-box method, and data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).The results revealed that organizational trust, job satisfaction, and interprofessional collaboration simultaneously and partially influence patient safety culture. Moreover, interprofessional collaboration was found to mediate the relationship between organizational trust, job satisfaction, and patient safety culture.The study concludes that enhancing patient safety culture can be achieved by strengthening organizational trust and job satisfaction through effective interprofessional collaboration. Hospitals should develop supportive systems that foster care and concern among staff, enhance conflict management, improve performance appraisal mechanisms, and promote open, effective communication across all professional groups involved in patient care. These strategies can create a safer, more collaborative, and high-quality healthcare environment

Poverty is one of the most difficult economic problems to solve. This problem occurs in all countries. Among the causes of poverty are poor human resources, a low quality of life, a rising unemployment rate, and a decrease in job availability each year, as well as wages that do not match living costs. This is not only due to low human resources; the government also plays a crucial role in this issue. The poverty rate is unavoidable, so an appropriate solution is needed to address this issue. One step to reducing poverty is to analyze which economic instruments can be optimized, especially in the Sidoarjo region. The poverty rate in Sidoarjo is quite high. The open unemployment rate in Sidoarjo ranks third in East Java province. Therefore, the author was interested in conducting this research. This study aims to determine the effect of the distribution of zakat, infaq, and alms (ZIS) funds, GRDP, and open unemployment on the poverty rate in Sidoarjo in 2013-2023. This study uses a quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis. The data processing tool used is SPSS. The results of the T test indicate that the distribution of ZIS funds has a significant effect on the poverty rate, while GRDP and open unemployment do not have a significant effect on the poverty rate partially. The F test shows that the distribution of ZIS funds, inflation, and GDP have a significant effect on the poverty rate simultaneously in the period 2013-2023. The limitation of this study is the use of variables that affect the poverty rate, so that future researchers can add or change these variables with other variables related to poverty.

This study aims to see whether financial distress, leverage, and profitability affect accounting conservatism in manufacturing companies in the food and beverage subsector listed on the IDX for the 2021–2024 period. The independent variables used are financial distress, leverage, and profitability, while the bound variables are accounting conservatism. Data processing was carried out using the SPSS version 26 program with multiple linear regression methods. Sampling used purposive sampling techniques with certain criteria so that 63 companies were obtained as a sample for four years of observation (2021–2024). Of the total 252 financial statement data, after the deletion of outlier data, the number of data used became 183. The results of the study show that simultaneously financial distress, leverage, and profitability affect accounting conservatism. Partially, these three variables also have a positive effect on accounting conservatism. In addition, these findings indicate that companies with financial pressures and certain levels of financial management tend to apply higher prudential principles in the preparation of their financial statements.

This study aims to examine the organoleptic storage life of kecicang chili sauce using vacuum storage. The research design is experimental, involving 3 trained panelists, all of whom are lecturers from the Culinary Arts Vocational Education Study Program. The data collection method used in this study was observation through organoleptic testing using a 5-point Likert scale, namely 5) Very Good, 4) Good, 3) Fairly Good, 2) Not Very Good, 1) Very Poor. Data analysis used quantitative descriptive methods. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Processing affects the quality of kecicang chili sauce, using a technique that involves grinding the ingredients using a chopper, cooking at a temperature of ±70°C, and then vacuum packing. The organoleptic test results showed that vacuum storage was able to maintain the sensory properties of the sambal, as assessed from the aspects of colour, distinctive kecicang aroma, kecicang texture, solid dough texture, and distinctive kecicang taste, which were rated “fairly good” based on colour, aroma, texture, and taste. Vacuum-sealed sambal maintained its best quality until day 3rd, with no signs of leaking. The most significant changes occurred in the flavor and aroma, rendering it unfit for consumption. The sambal packaging, which showed no signs of leaking, maintained its sensory quality until day 5.

This study explores the implementation of an electronic Human Resource Management System (e-SDM) in the Gubeng sub-district of Surabaya to optimize civil servant (PNS) leave management. The primary focus is on assessing how digitalization improves efficiency, transparency, accountability, and service quality in human resource administration, particularly in leave processing. Traditionally, manual procedures required 7-14 days to approve leave requests, involved multiple steps, manual calculations, and were prone to errors, delays, and lack of transparency. The introduction of the e-SDM system significantly reduces processing time to approximately one day, enabling online submission, real-time monitoring, and electronic approval accessible anytime and anywhere via smartphones. The system automatically calculates leaves balances and prevents over-application, ensuring data accuracy and reducing misuse. Besides operational efficiency, the system enhances transparency by providing accessible real-time status updates, creating an audit trail for each decision, and making the process auditable and accountable. Despite these advantages, challenges such as user resistance, digital literacy, infrastructure issues, and system integration remain. This research employs descriptive-analytical methods, combining interviews, observations, and documentation, to analyze the effectiveness of e-SDM implementation. The findings indicate that digitalization has streamlined leave management, minimized administrative burdens, and improved data accuracy. Moreover, it fosters a fairer and more transparent work environment, reinforcing good governance principles and supporting Surabaya's vision to become a smart city. The research underscores the importance of technological adaptation within bureaucratic reforms and offers strategic recommendations for further system improvements. Overall, the successful adoption of e-SDM in Gubeng serves as a model for digital transformation in public service delivery, contributing to more efficient, transparent, and accountable governance in local government institutions.

The development of digital technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed the paradigm of urban development towards the concept of a smart city based on data and connectivity. This study analyzes the nature of smart cities through three dimensions of the philosophy of science: ontology, epistemology, and axiology. From an ontological perspective, a smart city is understood as a complex entity consisting of physical, digital, social, and ecological systems that interact with each other to create efficient and adaptive urban governance. Epistemologically, knowledge in a smart city is obtained through the process of collecting, processing, and analyzing data from various IoT devices, sensors, and citizen participation, thereby producing new insights that support evidence-based decision-making (data-driven governance). From an axiological perspective, a smart city has ethical values and goals to improve the quality of life of its citizens, strengthen government transparency, maintain environmental sustainability, and promote inclusive social participation. Thus, this study asserts that the development of a smart city is not only technological but also has a philosophical foundation oriented towards a balance between efficiency, humanity, and sustainability.

Halal tourism has continued to grow as a highly attractive segment for Muslim travelers, particularly in the provision of Sharia-compliant accommodation such as Islamic hotels. This study aims to examine consumer perceptions of halal food-and-beverage facilities and Sharia-based operational standards in Islamic hotels across the Greater Jakarta area (Jabodetabek). A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, involving 150 respondents who had stayed in Sharia hotels. Data were collected through closed-ended Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using the Weighted Mean Score (WMS) technique to evaluate respondents’ assessments of each indicator. The results indicate that consumer perception of halal food-and-beverage facilities falls into the very high category, with average scores exceeding 4.838. Consumers acknowledged that Sharia hotels maintain halal assurance, hygiene, and food safety through proper processing and the availability of halal certification. Regarding operational aspects, consumer perception is also classified as very good, with an average score of 4.606, particularly for policies prohibiting unmarried couples from sharing a room and banning entertainment deemed inappropriate or immoral. However, the use of Sharia-compliant financial institutions still requires improvement. Overall, the findings affirm that Sharia hotels in Jabodetabek have successfully implemented most Sharia principles, although further enhancement of internal operational practices is needed to achieve more comprehensive Sharia compliance.

This study aims to develop sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) as an alternative raw material for producing Gnocchi pasta by processing them into flour and formulating pasta based on local food ingredients. This innovation is intended to increase the added value of sweet potatoes and support food diversification in the community. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach through stages of identifying potentials, collecting data, designing products, validating designs, revising designs, testing products, developing the final product, and conducting limited production. The study was carried out over three months at the Culinary Arts Laboratory of Universitas Negeri Manado. The results show that the sweet potato flour produced through peeling, slicing, heat processing, drying, milling, and sieving generated high-quality flour with a natural purple color and fine texture suitable for Gnocchi production. The formulated Gnocchi made from sweet potato flour exhibited color, aroma, taste, and texture characteristics that were well-received by panelists. Nutritional analysis conducted by the Industrial Research and Standardization Center of Manado revealed that sweet potato Gnocchi contains 55 g of moisture, 28 g of carbohydrates, 6 g of sugar, 3 g of dietary fiber, 2.5 g of protein, 1.2 g of total fat, and 200–300 mg of natural anthocyanins per 100 g. These components indicate that the product has the potential to be developed as a functional food. This study concludes that sweet potatoes have great potential to be developed as raw material for modern pasta products such as Gnocchi due to their favorable physical and chemical properties. In addition, the utilization of local ingredients supports national food diversification efforts, the development of creative culinary industries, and business opportunities for ready-to-cook and ready-to-eat food products.

The usage of blockchain has increased around the world over the years. It has become widely used in various sectors that need transparency, such as accounting, business, and auditing. Blockchains are gaining more popularity after being applied as a system for digital asset ownership, such as cryptocurrency and NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens). This growing trend of blockchain is followed by the increasing trend of research regarding it in the last decade. Blockchain has the potential to revolutionize the auditing sector and enhance economic accountability due to its decentralized system. Therefore, research regarding blockchain applications in auditing is becoming an important topic. This study adopts a qualitative approach by using datasets retrieved from the Scopus website, from the search result of blockchain auditing, with a total of 1228 articles that were published in the last decade (2015-2025). Furthermore, this study also uses several software programs as data processing tools, such as R Studio, VOSViewer, and Publish or Perish. This study aims to understand the research trend regarding blockchain auditing in the last decade and highlight its implications for the auditing and economic sectors.

Administrative services for civil servants (ASN) play a crucial role in ensuring the rights and obligations of government employees. One of these services is the submission process for the Wife Card (KARIS) and Husband Card (KARSU), which serve as official proof of marital status for civil servants. At the BKPSDM of Sumba Barat Daya, the current submission process for KARIS and KARSU is still carried out manually by filling out paper forms and attaching physical documents. This manual method is time-consuming, prone to data errors, and complicates the monitoring process. Therefore, this study aims to develop a digital information system to simplify the submission, verification, and issuance process of KARIS and KARSU online. This research applies a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Waterfall model, consisting of requirement analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation stages. The system is developed using the Python (Streamlit) programming framework and a SQLite3 database, designed to be easily accessible to both ASN users and BKPSDM officers through local networks or the internet. The results show that the developed system successfully reduces processing time by up to 60%, improves data accuracy by 90%, and significantly decreases the use of physical documents. The implementation of this digital information system makes the KARIS and KARSU administrative service more efficient, transparent, and accountable, supporting the ongoing digital transformation within the local government of Sumba Barat Daya Regency.

E-Tendering is an electronic-based procurement method that integrates all parties involved in construction projects through a digital platform, simplifying communication, document exchange, and transactions from the initial stage to project completion. The primary objective of implementing E-Tendering in the construction sector is to improve efficiency and transparency in the procurement process of goods and services. However, construction service providers often face obstacles in E-Tendering, such as limited technological proficiency, administrative errors that may disqualify bids, and technical issues like internet connectivity and platform system reliability. Therefore, this research aims to identify the barriers and level of understanding of E-Tendering among construction service providers in Surabaya. A total of 51 respondents were selected using snowball sampling, based on their participation in the E-Tendering system. Data processing in this study employed a quantitative approach using the Fuzzy AHP method to analyze the criteria and sub-criteria related to understanding and obstacles in participating in electronic construction service tenders (E-Tendering). The results of the analysis of service providers’ understanding of the E-Tendering system using the AHP method showed a λmax value of 9.09, a Consistency Index (CI) of 0.01, and a Consistency Ratio (CR) of 0.007. The CR value, which is far below the threshold of 0.10, indicates that the respondents’ assessments are consistent, meaning that the pairwise comparison results of the nine criteria can be considered valid and reliable.

Legal assistance for applications is a crucial form of legal aid provided to the public in submitting various types of applications to the courts or related agencies. This research is motivated by the urgent need to understand the effectiveness and implementation of such legal aid services, particularly for underprivileged communities who face barriers in accessing the justice system. This article aims to discuss and describe in detail the application processing process carried out by the Legal Aid Post (Posbakum) when operating and collaborating with the Legundi Legal Aid Institute (LBH Legundi), specifically in the context of name change applications. This research uses normative legal methods with a conceptual and statutory approach to analyze the applicable procedures. The results show that Posbakum plays a central role in drafting name applications for communities in need through a phased assistance process that includes initial consultation, verification of document requirements, technical assistance in scanning and nazegel, drafting application letters, and guidance on case registration. This assistance model has proven effective in overcoming procedural obstacles and increasing access to justice for underprivileged communities, while simultaneously transforming the community from a passive to an active role in fighting for their civil rights.

MP3 audio files are often used in a variety of fields, but they are prone to security risks such as eavesdropping and illegal access. This study proposes a super encryption method by combining the algorithms of Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) and ElGamal to improve the protection of audio data. RSA was chosen for its efficiency and ease of implementation, while ElGamal offers a high level of security through discrete logarithmic complexity. The combination of the two is expected to address the weaknesses of each algorithm and strengthen file security. The system is developed using the Python programming language with the Visual Studio Code environment. The encryption process is done in layers: MP3 files are first encrypted with RSA, and then the results are encrypted again with ElGamal. The decryption is done in reverse order. Tests are conducted with various MP3 file sizes to measure the effectiveness and performance of the system. The results show that this method is able to secure audio files so that they cannot be accessed without the private keys of both algorithms. Although processing times are increased compared to single encryption, the level of security obtained is much higher. This approach can be an effective solution for protecting digital audio data, particularly MP3 format, and could potentially be applied to a wide range of other data types that require a high level of security.

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of financial literacy and financial planning on financial management with financial attitude as a mediating variable among production employees of PT. Yih Quan Footwear Indonesia. This research employs a quantitative approach. The population consists of production employees of PT. Yih Quan Footwear Indonesia located in the Batang Integrated Industrial Estate, with a total sample of 112 respondents. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed via Google Form. The data analysis technique includes the analysis of the structural model (Inner Model), measurement model (Outer Model), and hypothesis testing. Data processing was carried out using SmartPLS 4 software. The results indicate that financial literacy has no significant effect on financial management, while financial planning has a positive and significant effect on financial management. Furthermore, financial literacy positively and significantly influences financial attitude, whereas financial planning shows no significant effect on financial attitude. Financial attitude has a positive and significant impact on financial management and mediates the relationship between financial literacy and financial management. However, financial attitude does not fully mediate the relationship between financial planning and financial management. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing employees’ financial literacy and attitudes to enable more prudent, structured, and sustainable financial management.

Digital transformation in public services is an absolute necessity in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, including in local government personnel management. This research analyses the digital transformation of civil servants’ (ASN) promotion services through the implementation of the Promotion Management System (SIPEKAT) at the Regional Personnel Agency of Sidoarjo Regency. Employing a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation study, this research explores the transformation process from a manual to a digital system, the implementation challenges, and its impact on service effectiveness and efficiency. The results indicate that the digital transformation via SIPEKAT successfully increased processing time efficiency by up to 60%, reduced the use of physical documents by up to 85%, and improved the transparency and accountability of the services. However, challenges were found, including a digital competence gap among employees, limitations in technological infrastructure in several Regional Government Work Units, and resistance to change from some stakeholders. The novelty of this research lies in the comprehensive analysis of the digital transformation ecosystem of personnel services, integrating technological, organisational, and user behaviour perspectives, whilst producing an e-government implementation model for personnel services that can be adopted by other local.