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Transparent solid soap, namely soap in the form of a bar with a transparent appearance, the resulting foam on the skin is softer. Saffron has been used as a food ingredient, treatment, and traditional medicine since ancient times. The content of saffron is like saponins which can be used in making transparent soap. This study aims to formulate a transparent soap from saffron essence as a skin protecting property. This research includes the manufacture of saffron extract, manufacture of transparent soap and transparent soap test parameters including organoleptic test, pH test, foam stability test, water content test and preference test by respondents. Based on research results, saffron extract can be formulated into transparent solid soap preparations that meet the requirements for water content in accordance with SNI, namely for F0 9.12 ± 0.56, FI 8.6 ± 0.42, F2 8.6 ± 0.43, F3 8.6±0.93. For the results of the foam height test, it was found that the foam results were quite stable. For the results of the irritation test, it can be concluded that soap preparations containing saffron essence are safe to use because they do not show any side effects after use.

This article was written to explain the influence of the CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) cooperative learning model on the reading comprehension skills of persuasive texts for class VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman. The research data is the score of the objective test results before using this type of cooperative learning model with the score after getting treatment using this learning model. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that there are three results that become findings, namely as follows. First, the reading comprehension skills of persuasive texts before using the cooperative learning model type CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) class VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman are in the "Enough" qualification (C) with an average of 66.19. Second, the reading comprehension skills of persuasive texts after using the cooperative learning model type CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) class VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman are in the "Good" qualification (B) with an average of 80.58. Third, there is a significant influence on the use of the CIRC type cooperative learning model on the reading comprehension skills of persuasive texts for class VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman.

PT. Petrosida is a manufacturing company engaged in pesticide production. The production system in this company is Make To Order (MTO) where the company will produce products after an order or order from consumers. In its production PT. Petrosida has problems with the main tools used for packaging, one of which is a 1-liter induction semi-automatic filling machine in the herbicide unit, where treatment is carried out after damage to a component. Critical components in filling machines experience an average of 20 times damage in 2022-2023 and the machine maintenance process is still not optimal with an average downtime of 5 hours / month. Therefore, the purpose of research is to be able to carry out preventive maintenance using the modularity design method in the hope that there will be no more breakdowns that hamper the production process so as to reduce machine maintenance costs and to find out the minimum total machine maintenance cost planning using the life cycle cost (LCC) method. By implementing preventive maintenance with modularity design, the total maintenance cost of Rp. 9,747,782 is lower than the company's total maintenance cost of Rp. 23,023,176 with an efficiency rate of 42.3%. And obtained the lowest total life cycle cost of Rp. 340,459,348, - with an optimal life on the machine of 3 years & the number of mechanics one person.

The increasing market demand for Bok choy makes the need to apply a good cultivation system for the optimum growth and productivity of the plants very important. One of the main factors that must be considered in cultivating Bok choy is the treatment of plant spacing in which the soil is often enriched with ameliorants, such as zeolite. The combination treatment of plant spacing and zeolite showed a significant effect on the growth and productivity of Bok choy plants, where the further the plant spacing, the higher the growth rate. However, the same plant spacing treatment did not affect the pH value. The best zeolite treatment  was 150 g/1x5 m2 soil bed, or 300 kg/ha.

Electrical systems use high-voltage insulation as a cooling agent. A breakdown voltage will show up to indicate insulation failure if the applied voltage is greater than the liquid insulation's dielectric strength. According to SPLN '50-1982 and IEC No. 56 of 1991, the typical breakdown voltage of PERTAMINA MESRAN transformer oil insulation at 30°C temperature before cleaning or treatment is 14.59 kV / 2.5 mm. Insulation of transformer oil is categorized as a sub-interest. (in a 30 Kv/2.5 mm manner). According to SPLN '50- 1982 and IEC No. 56 of 1991, the average breakdown voltage of PERTAMINA MESRAN transformer oil insulation at 300C temperature after cleaning/remediation process is 15.18kV / 2.5mm. Insulation of transformer oil is designated as standard ((standard). usually 2.5 mm/30 Kv). According to SPLN '50- 1982 and IEC No. 56 of 1991, the average breakdown voltage of SHE LL increase the oil-insulated transformer at 30°C temperature before cleaning / treatment Process is 16.52kV / 2.5mm. Transformer oil insulation (30Kv/2.5mm nominal) is viewed as being insufficient. According to SPLN'50-1982 and IEC No. 56 of 1991, the average breakdown voltage of SHELL formed transformer oil insulation at 30°C temperature after cleaning and treatment is 22.83 kV / 2.5 mm. A division below the standard (30 Kv / 2.5 mm is common) is transformer oil insulation.

The labor period causes physiological, physical, and psychological changes in the patient that can affect the quality of life, such as vaginal delivery or caesarean section, skin contact, breastfeeding, and the psychological state after childbirth. Treatment by health facilities must include the level of safety, effectiveness, timeliness, organization, feasibility, and approach to patients from the external side that will affect the patient. Health services must be efficient; on the other hand, poor or unqualified health services will decrease the quality of life of postpartum patients. This review contains information on how postpartum patient satisfaction affects the quality of life in the delivery room.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an important systemic autoimmune disease. Women are ten times more at risk of developing LES than men. The etiology of SLE is not fully understood and the pathophysiology involves genetic, immunological, endocrine and environmental factors. SLE is a chronic disease with periods of remission and relapse, so it requires different management and a long time. Medication adherence is required so that treatment goals can be achieved. Medication adherence rates in people with lupus have been reported from various studies to be 31.7-45.9%. Non-adherence to treatment for SLE causes an increase in visits to the emergency department and also hospitalization. There are two kinds of factors that influence medication adherence, intentional non-adherence and non-intentional non-adherence. Efforts are needed to improve and increase medication adherence by considering these both factors.

The problem of substance abuse has made all countries in the world worried. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime  noted that at least 271 million people worldwide or 5.5% had consumed substances in 2017. The dangers of substance abuse in users have an impact on biological, psychological and social aspects. These various adverse impacts will certainly have an impact on psychological conditions and a decrease in self-esteem, which in turn can lead to a decrease in quality of life. Community therapy is a treatment that uses a psychosocial approach, a community of addicts who help each other to recover and keep quitting substances. Implementation of drug rehabilitation with community therapy methods can improve psychopathology, self-image and quality of life.  

The background of this research is because there are still bad views and behavior by society towards children with special needs (CSN). The writer took one of the Korean dramas which raised the story of the abuse of children with special needs entitled Taxi Driver as a reference for this research. The goal to be achieved from this research is so that people know how to treat children with special needs. This research method uses a quantitative method which is carried out by distributing pamphlets and questionnaires which are distributed through the Google Form media. The results of this research have gotten various respondents regarding their perspectives. From the response we got, not many people still don't really know how to handle children with special needs themselves. However, not a few also argue that the film taxi driver is a treatment that should not be done.

This research departs from the phenomenon of interpersonal relationships that are owned by the children of the Al-Ghasyiyah Orphanage which are still low and medium, this is marked by the orphans who do not know each other closely, do not understand each other's personal characteristics, are not familiar, lack of cooperation, orphans they still lack the courage to express their ideas or opinions, there are still social conflicts between them, they close themselves off because they lack confidence in getting along with other orphans, they lack a sense of initiative in making friends and working together. Researchers try to provide group guidance services with sociodrama techniques to orphanages to improve interpersonal relationships, the goal to be achieved in this study is to find out whether or not there are significant differences in the interpersonal relationships of orphanage children before and after being given sociodrama technique group guidance services, as well as effective whether or not the sociodrama technique group guidance services to improve the interpersonal relations skills of orphans at the Al-Ghasyiyah Bathin Solapan Duri Orphanage, Riau. This research is classified as a pre-experimental study using a one group pretest posttest design. The population in this study was the adolescent children of the Al-Ghasyiyah Bathin Solapan Duri Orphanage, Riau. The population is young women at the Al-Ghasyiyah Bathin Solapan Duri Riau Orphanage, totaling 20 people. The sample is adolescents who are indicated to have a poor level of interpersonal relations, namely 8 people, sampling based on purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a Likert scale questionnaire. Data analysis used non-parametric statistical tests using the Wilcoxon signed rank test method with the help of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 20.00. pretest and posttest. From the results of the Wilcoxon test calculation, a significant p-value of 0.011 < α (α = 0.05) is obtained, which means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. From the results of the calculation of the Wilcoxon test, it can be interpreted that the interpersonal relationship skills of the orphans increased after being given treatment, namely the sociodrama technique Group Guidance Service.

The hospital also has the main task of providing complete individual health services with efforts to heal, recover, improve, prevent, referral services, research and development and community service. The purpose of writing this scientific article is to find out and review theoretically from various literature and strategies to improve patient satisfaction and quality of service in hospitals. The method used is a theoretical study by analyzing and comparing existing theories. The results of this theoretical study, namely the strategies carried out by increasing human resources, the speed of staff response, and satisfaction can be identified by comparing the expectations and experiences of the performance of health service providers. By doing this strategy can provide a desire of patient hope. It was concluded that strategies to increase patient satisfaction and health quality can realize patient expectations arising from the actions of health workers as the performance of health services and during a good treatment process. In the strategy carried out the patient will evaluate and assess the product or service quality that has been received. Hospital agencies also need to improve service quality strategies to realize patient expectations. Patient satisfaction in assessing quality or good service, and is an important measurement that is fundamental to the quality of service. This is also because by providing information on the success of quality service providers, the values ​​and expectations of patients will increase.

Based on information from the teachers, the students’ SKI learning outcomes are low. The reason for this is that using varied teacher  media will result in students learning to feel bored and less enthusiastic and students become passive. The purpose of this research was conducted at private MTs N’L sorkam kanan in North Sumatera to be precise, students in class IX.A and IX.B. It can be seen that in the learning carried out after using flash card media on student SKI learning outcomes. This study used experimental research where class IX B was used as an experimental class. The class was given treatment using flash card media with a total of 24 students and for the control class, class IX.A was not given treatment but only used conventional media.  As every day in learning, the number of students here is  26 students will be seen that there is a good differences in the results when using flash card media with conventional media. So with that, trials were carried out with preter and portert tests to find out differences in students SKI learning outcomes before and after being given treatment.  Flash card media on the learning outcomes of SKI MTs Students private MTs NU Sorkam right in North Sumatra, which was seen in a paired t test with editorial T1 pretest and T2 posttest which produces sig= 0,000 which is smaller than the significant 0,05 and the tcount test is 10,021 while the t tabel of 24 students, the t tabel is 0,173 then Ha is accepted. 2. There are differences in student SKI learning outcomes using flash card media and conventional media as shown at sig= 0,018 which is smaller than the significant 0,05. 3. Student SKI learning outcomes using flash card media are better than conventional media seen at it sig=0,018 which is smaller than the significant 0,05 can be seen that student SKI learning outcomes using flash card media are better than conventional media.

Organic fertilizers are materials derived from plant residues, and animal waste, both those that have undergone decomposition and those that are undergoing a decomposition process that functions to add nutrients. Substantially organic fertilizers are composed of humus and non-humus materials so that they can improve marginal soils and sand-dominated soils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of various organic fertilizers on sand planting media, and to determine the growth response of pakcoy on various types of organic fertilizers. The research was conducted at the Field Laboratory I Experimental Garden and Agrotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, the research took place from September to November 2020. This study was arranged in a randomized group design (RAK) with the treatment of various organic fertilizers, which were divided into; no organic fertilizer/control (B0), cow manure (B1), chicken manure (B2), comba-sheep green manure (B3), calopogonium green manure (B4). Each treatment was repeated four times as a group, resulting in 20 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of six polybags, resulting in a total of 120 polybags of pakcoy plants. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pakcoy plants. The results showed that organic fertilizer had a very significant effect on all observed growth variables of pakcoy plants. Cow manure treatment in the first and second week plant height variables showed the highest value (5.04 cm, and 6.71 cm). But in general, in the third to fifth week, the average chicken manure gave the highest growth response on the variable of plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pakcoy plants.

Baground: The coverage of infants who received exclusive breastfeeding at the M. Taha Health Center was 59.26%, the last of the 14 health centers in Bengkulu Selatan Regency, due to one of the reasons for the lack of milk production. Oxytocin massage is one solution to overcome the non-smooth milk production. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study the effect of oxytocin massage therapy on the smoothness of breast milk in post partum’s women in the M. Taha Health Center, Bengkulu Selatan Regency. Method: This is research uses a pre-experimental with the One Group Pre-Test and Post Test Design Method. The population is all post partum’s women <24 hours in the working area of ??the M. Taha Health Center, Bengkulu Selatan Regency. Sampling used the Accidental Sampling technique, with a sample of 16 respondents. Data collection using interview techniques and oxytocin massage therapy treatment. Results: The results showed that from 16 respondents, the average value of the smoothness breast milk before the oxytocin massage treatment was 4.19 and the average value of the smoothness breast milk after the oxytocin massage treatment was 8.38. Conclusion: There is an effect of oxytocin massage therapy on the smoothness breast milk in post partum’s women in the Working Area of ??the M. Taha Health Center Bengkulu Selatan Regency. It is recommended to the Puskesmas that oxytocin massage therapy can be used as a permanent procedure as a post partum’s service at the Puskesmas and teach/socialize to mothers about oxytocin massage and its benefits for breast milk mothers.

Plant classification exists to simplify and clarify the level of kinship and the type of treatment in plant distribution, at the taxonomic level there are family categories, this family in plant taxonomy is a classification system that groups plants based on similarities between their morphology, characteristics, morphology. Euphorbiaceae is a family with flower characteristics hidden in cyathia structures (inflorencia), sap and various sizes. This research is located in Cipeundeuy Village, Bantarujeg District, Majalengka Regency with quantitative analysis using the exploration method in the residents' yards in Cipeundeuy Village. The results of the study found 1 individual of Ephorbia milli, 1 individual of Euphorbia hirta, 1 individual of Pedilanthus tithymaloides, 4 individuals of Acalypha siamensis and 8 individuals of Manihot esculenta from the Euphorbiacea family. This plant is used as an ornamental plant and can be used as herbal medicine because it has chemical compounds that are antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial because it contains tannins, flavonoids and saponins which are effective for healing wounds and several other diseases. The purpose of this research is to inventory and identify plants in Cipeundeuy Village so that the systematics of plants in this area can be known.

Introduction. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest diseases known to attack humans, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is a stage or condition in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis becomes minimally resistant to rifampicin administration and also insonicotinylhydrazine (INH). Extensive-drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) is an MDR-TB with Mycobacterium tuberculosis immune characteristics against one of the fluoroquinolone class drugs and one of the second-line injection OAT (capreomycin, kanamycin, and amikacin). The aim of this study was to find out the description of variation in laboratory costs of MDR-TB/XDR patients on one treatment cycle. Method. The inclusion criteria were patients who had been diagnosed with MDR-TB/XDR and performed laboratory tests. The design of this study was a cross-sectional retrospective analytics using medical records of MDR-TB/XDR patients in MDR division. Results. There were 30 MDR-TB research subjects and 2 XDR-TB research subjects examined for laboratory examination. Comparison of laboratory mean of MDR-TB/XDR (p = 0,018). Discussion. There was a significant difference in the total cost of MDR-TB/XDR laboratory examinations in one treatment cycle. Conclusion. Laboratory examination of MDR-TB/XDR patients requires considerable cost, this is due to the side effects of OAT that require patient clinical monitoring.    

Effective COVID-19 patient referral system is crucial to ensure that patients in need of care can receive timely and appropriate treatment. The Regional Health Department of North Sulawesi Province plays a crucial role in the COVID-19 patient referral system in the region. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of the Regional Health Department of North Sulawesi Province in the COVID-19 patient referral system. This study was conducted using literature review. The results of the study showed that the Regional Health Department of North Sulawesi Province plays a very important role in coordinating between units within the department, overseeing the implementation of programs and policies, and ensuring the availability of sufficient facilities and medical personnel in the COVID-19 patient referral system. This role has ensured that the COVID-19 patient referral system in North Sulawesi Province runs well and effectively. However, further research can be conducted to deepen the understanding of the COVID-19 patient referral system in the region. Further research can be conducted to compare the COVID-19 patient referral system in other regions in Indonesia, so that a more comprehensive understanding of the role of regional health departments in handling the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia can be obtained.    

Waria are one of many different types of sexual intermediaries, including homosexuals and hermaphrodites who occupy the spectrum between pure men and pure women (Susan Stryker, 2008). From this quote, it can be understood that waria is like one who occupies a middle position between the concepts of men and women. The most obvious thing that distinguishes waria from men and women is the way they look that is not in accordance with the general sex that has been assigned to them since birth. Those who are biologically born male, in fact they (waria) look the opposite and resemble women. Waria often receive bad treatment from society such as discrimination, mental and physical violence and other actions that are contrary to morality. On May 2, 2022 waria who are members of the wagayo organization (Waria and gay organization) in Jember, East Java took action to commemorate national education day. From the attached news, the waria provide information that waria also want to get the same place as people in general in the world of education. This is enough to explain the existence of discrimination against transgender women even in the world of education which results in many transgender people being forced to drop out of school because they cannot stand ridicule from both friends and educators at their schools. This has implications for the cause of the low human resources of waria.  

This study aims to describe, build, and maintain an attitude of tolerance in the era of society 5.0. The character of tolerance is a fundamental need of a pluralistic society. Tolerance creates a sense of serenity, peace, harmony and prosperity in social life. Willingness to side by side keeps people away from conflict, social tension, hostility, and division. Adolescents need direction, stimulus, and an environment to grow and implement a tolerant character. This study used a quantitative experimental research method. The research population was class X SMA PL Don Bosko Semarang. The aims of the study were: 1) to measure the effectiveness of the TGT method in increasing students' tolerance, 2) to improve student learning achievement using the module-assisted TGT method, 3) to strengthen tolerance so that student learning outcomes increase. The results showed that: 1) the module-assisted TGT method was considered effective in increasing students' tolerance, 2) TGT treatment improved student achievement, 3) tolerance had a significant influence on student learning outcomes.

The existence of the cosmetics industry basically has a positive impact but also creates new problems because there is still inadequate management of liquid waste. The aim of the study was to find out how the coagulation and flocculation processes affect the quality of BOD, COD, and TSS in wastewater treatment plants. This research method uses a qualitative type method, based on its type with a cross sectional approach with an observational researchhmethode. The populationnof this study is the outlet of the Wastewater Treatment Plant which has undergone coagulation and flocculation processes. The samples used were outlets after the coagulation and flocculation processes were carried out at the WWTP in Cosmetic Industry X, Depok City. The results from the inlet levels of BOD 2,152 mg/l, COD 5,380 mg/l, and TSS 1,830 mg/l. The outlet levels of the Cosmetic Industry X Wastewater Treatment Installation in Depok City showed a BOD level of 15 mg/l, a COD level of 63 mg/l, and a TSS of 20 mg/l. In this study the contents of BOD, COD and TSS in cosmetic industry waste X in Depok city were included in the water quality status with good quality after coagulation and flocculation processes.