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Chusnul Rahmawati; Erika Nurhayani; Hilwa Karimah; Quanita Elisya; Yayat Suharyat

Journal of Creative Student Research 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Human resource management (HRM) is an important component in any organization or business. The effectiveness of HR management will have an impact on  the company's performance and output. In an Islamic perspective, effective HR management should be built on ideas that uphold Islamic ideals. Allah Almighty has given responsibility to man to manage human resources as effectively as possible. This is related to the idea of trust, which states that everyone is responsible for the property that Allah Almighty has entrusted to him. Man is assigned to use human resources as efficiently as possible by Allah SWT. This relates to the concept of amanah, which states that each individual is responsible for the material possessions that Allah Almighty has given them. Therefore, it is very important to apply justice and kindness in managing human resources. The list of books and articles in this review does not provide a comprehensive picture. Although these restrictions are sufficiently mitigated by the selection of different authors and publications, the results may be improved by a more thorough study. In many types of conflict, including war, religion has been shown to be a motivating factor in demonstrating human commitment and devotion. Knowing how religion functions in business can help develop the potential of HRM. A brief review of Islam's place in business, particularly in HRM, has the potential to have a significant impact.  

Bangun Dwi Hardika; Vincencius Surani; Lilik Pranata

Journal of Educational Innovation and Public Health 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

The increasing number of elderly people will have an impact on all arrangements in the community or family. Problems that often occur in the elderly will be a burden on the elderly, one of the problems that occur is insomnia. So this study aims to find out the relationship between insomnia and blood pressure in the elderly. Research method with quantitative survey analysis design, crossectional. The research was conducted in a nursing home with a sample size of 30 active elderly respondents with insomnia disorders. The results showed that there was no relationship between the level of insomnia and blood pressure with a significance value of 0.757> p value 0.05. These results indicate that statistically there is no relationship between the elderly with insomnia and blood pressure. Suggestions for home managers to provide interventions for elderly people who experience insomnia disorders with light therapy that is fun and has a positive impact on the elderly..

Tities Harjanti

Jurnal Motivasi Pendidikan dan Bahasa 2023 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Nowadays, midwifery and medical work adopted many concepts, descriptions, and terminologies in English. As the demand of the curriculum in midwifery major, English took the magnificence role in facilitating students, preparation for professional requirements, trainings, and research. That was why English became the crucial part for midwifery students to research and practice their English in the real working field. The purpose of the research was to know that this research was expected to confirm and clarify the exposure and practice of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) through English oral presentation language testing gave the better solution to enhance the speaking skill of midwifery students at Medika Suherman University. The research applied the quantitative analysist that covered descriptive analysis statistic and the t – test. In order to achieve the objective of the research which was used the pre-test and the post-test as the tool to measure the speaking skill ability. The population of the research was 50 students midwife of the second semester at Medika Suherman University, Cikarang Bekasi. The sample of the population was 30 students midwife wahich was selected by purposive random technique. There were four meetings of learning and researching process during the experiment. Before the experiment was conducted, the students were given a pre-test. At the end of the experiment, the students did the post-test. The result of the research proved that the post-test scores were better that the pre-test score. The research concluded that the output of the paired test sample with the Sig. (2-tailed) score was 0.000 < 0.05. It stated that the H0 was rejected, and Ha was accepted. Moreover, it showed that there was an effect of the English oral presentation toward midwifery students’ speaking skill at Medika Suherman University. According to the result, after the exposure and practice of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) through the English oral presentation language testing, in fact, it was the one of the effective approaches to improve the students midwife speaking skill ability and enthusiasm in learning English at Medika Suherman University.    

Fidda Rahmawati; Indah Respati Kusumasari

Jurnal Akuntan Publik 2023 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Tourism is a creative economy-based service industry that is very important for the progress of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Tourism in Indonesia has great potential and makes a significant contribution to the economy, job creation, infrastructure development and community empowerment, including in rural areas. With good and sustainable management, tourism can grow in a sustainable manner and provide long-term benefits. Selection of tourist attractions can be adjusted to the goals of each tourist. The tourist village is a tourist attraction that can be developed and can make a positive contribution to the people of Jombang. The tourist spot chosen in this research is Sumber Biru tourism area. The implementation method used in this study is a qualitative approach with types of observation, documentation, and literature studies to obtain information about the problems faced by blue tourism sources starting from tourism development such as repairing or updating photo spots and obstacles in tourism promotion. The population in this activity were managers and visitors to the Sumber Biru tourism area which had been analyzed by KKNT students. In this community service, the team hopes to contribute more to Wonomerto village so that it can have a positive impact on local residents, especially on Sumber Biru tourism.

Ni Putu Manik Julythiawati; Putu Agus Ardiana

Public Service And Governance Journal 2023 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang

The purchasing power of the community continues to increase towards food and beverage products, leading to the active production of companies in the food and beverage industry. Some companies pay attention to their social responsibility towards the surrounding environment. Therefore, by involving stakeholders and disclosing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in company operations, it can help address damage to the company's image. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of stakeholder engagement practices and CSR activity disclosure on corporate reputation. The sampling method used in this study is purposive sampling, with a total of 38 observations. The research findings indicate that stakeholder engagement and the disclosure of corporate social responsibility have a positive and significant impact on corporate reputation. The implication of this research is to provide input to company management to consistently disclose CSR activities and involve stakeholders inclusively.

Herlangga Turna Cahyantoro

Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Sejahtera 2023 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Digital marketing is a marketing concept that is widely used in this modern era. Many manufacturers choose to use digital marketing in their marketing process because marketing goods through digital media saves energy and costs. In the process of digital marketing or digital marketing, a high creative process is needed because digital marketing requires producers to make content as attractive as possible for consumers to see and be interested in the products offered. In this case we examine how useful the application of digital marketing is in the marketing process of Bamboo MSMEs located in the Kepanjen Kidul Village, Kepanjen Kidul District, Blitar City. The method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The descriptive method is used to describe the efforts of UMKM Bambu "Arunika Art" in developing their marketing with digital marketing. Meanwhile, a qualitative approach is used to explain the process of implementing digital marketing in line with the development of its business. The mentoring work program carried out for bamboo MSMEs is to utilize digital marketing, carry out digital content creation. Through a strong brand identity and an effective digital marketing strategy, bamboo MSMEs in the Kepanjen Kidul Village can experience significant empowerment.

Najuwanda. R; Eja Armaz Hardi; Agusriandi Agusriandi

Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah (JUPIEKES) 2023 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of Islamic stock understanding and financial behavior on the intention to purchase Islamic stocks at PT FAC Sekuritas. The method used in this study is a quantitative method, and the data analysis method used is the coefficient of determination test. The sample in this study was 94 samples of FEBI students at UIN STS Jambi class of 2019-2021, by distributing Likert scale questionnaires. The results of the study show that understanding of Islamic stocks (X1) has a significant positive effect on the intention to purchase Islamic stocks (Y). This is evidenced by the value of Tcount 4.379 > Ttable 1.661 and a Sig value of 0.001 <0.05, which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Financial Behavior (X2) shows that there is a significant positive influence on the intention to purchase Islamic stocks (Y). This is evidenced by the tcount value of the minimum capital variable of 3.480 > 1.661 with a significance value of 0.001 <0.05, so it can be concluded that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Understanding of sharia stocks and financial behavior together have a significant effect on the intention to buy sharia stocks. It is known that the significance values ​​for (X1) and (X2) simultaneously affect (Y) of 0.000 <0.005 and the value of Fcount > Ftable (34.631 > 3.10). So it can be concluded that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. This means that the higher the level of understanding of Islamic stocks and the better financial behavior, the higher the interest of students in purchasing Islamic stocks at PT FAC Sekuritas.

Intan Rangga Amartiya

Maslahah : Jurnal Manajemen dan Ekonomi Syariah 2023 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

The impact of the work ethic which consists of indicators of a person's interpersonal skills, an individual's initiative in carrying out work, and being reliable in doing his work. The physical work environment which consists of indicators of lighting, air temperature, cleanliness, security, working hours in carrying out work is very important to find out how big the impact is on the performance of street vendors Car Free Day Simpang Lima Gumul Kab. Kediri. By knowing this relationship, parties from the Bodronoyo community, including street vendors at the Simpang Lima Gumul car free day, Kab. Kediri can estimate how the consumer response and the impact of the work ethic and physical work environment that is generated / given so that it can provide even better performance and service by street vendors, especially in the Bodronoyo community in the future. This research is a research that is included in mixed research or a combination of quantitative methods and qualitative methods. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique (where the samples used were based on certain criteria determined by the researcher). The samples used or taken in this study were street vendors at the Simpang Lima Gumul car free day, Kab. Kediri based on certain criteria determined by researchers and processed as respondents. Data obtained through observation, questionnaires or questionnaires, documentation, interviews and literature. From the results of the analysis carried out, the results of the study show that the work ethic and physical work environment have a significant impact simultaneously on performance. It is known that the results of the correlation analysis are as follows: The R Square value is 0.524 or 52.4% and the remaining 0.476 or 47.6% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.

Bahiizza Shadrina Zhafarin; Haikal Ghifary; Putri Andini Novianti; Acim Heri Iswanto

Jurnal Rumpun Ilmu Kesehatan 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Nowadays, in health care facilities, whether in hospitals, health centres, or clinics, there is often a large number of patient visits that can cause delays in operational activities. Delays are caused by a lot of waste in patient flow activities in health facilities. Therefore, the application of Lean six sigma in improving patient flow is needed to overcome this. This research uses the Literature Review method where data collection and processing by referring to previously existing research in the last 5 years, namely 2019-2023. The literature was obtained through Google Scholar and journal databases using the keywords Lean Six Sigma, patient flow, and health service facilities. The number of journals used as a reference for previous related research in compiling this research is 6 journals. The results obtained from the six articles state that the application of lean six sigma in healthcare facilities has proven effective in improving patient flow. And this way is very effective of course to do.

Ai Rusmiyati; Titin Nurhayatin; Musaddad Abdul Azis

Jurnal Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Budaya 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

This research is motivated by the low ability of students to identify complications in short stories. The lack of variety of learning models used by educators is one of the causes. The selection of various learning models will greatly influence the process of learning activities so that they become active, creative and innovative in order to improve the quality of students. One learning model that is effectively used is Discovery Learning. In addition, the low ability to collaborate is also due to the lack of assignments given in groups by educators to students. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model used in increasing the ability to identify complications in short stories and to improve students' collaboration skills. In addition, this study aims to examine differences in the ability to identify complications in short stories and the ability to collaborate between the experimental class using the Discovery Learning model and the control class using the discussion method. The method used is a quasi-experimental method with nonequivalent control group design. The results obtained based on the Wilcoxon test are the Asymp values. Sig. (2-tailed) <.001 or 0.001 <0.05, it can be concluded that there is a difference between students' learning outcomes in identifying complications in short stories between the experimental class using the Discovery Learning model and the control class using the discussion method. The results obtained based on the Mann Whitney-U test are the Asymp values. Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.010 <0.05, meaning that the Discovery Learning model is effectively used in learning. The value of collaborating in the experimental class has an average (mean) of 3.61 and the control class has an average (mean) of 3.47, meaning Discovery Learning model that it is very effective in improving collaboration skills.

Aira Salma Azahra; Titin Nurhayatin; Meity Suratiningsih

Jurnal Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Budaya 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

The low ability of students in identifying life values ​​in short story texts is the background of this research. One of the causes of this is the lack of use of appropriate learning models by educators. In addition, as a result of the lack of utilization of appropriate learning models, namely the low level of students' critical thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model in learning to identify life values ​​in short story texts. This study also aims to examine the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model in improving students' critical thinking skills. As well as examining differences in students' abilities in identifying life values ​​in short story texts and differences in students' critical thinking abilities in the experimental class using the Discovery Learning model and the control class using the discussion method. The method used in this research is a quasi-experimental method with nonequivalent control group design. The results of the research are based on the Wilcoxon test of the Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05. That is, it can be concluded that there are differences in the learning outcomes of students identifying life values ​​in short story texts between the experimental class using the Discovery Learning model and the control class using the discussion method. As for the results of the Mann-Whitney test, the Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05. That is, the Discovery Learning model is effectively used in learning to identify life values ​​in short story texts. Then the results of calculating the average value of students' critical thinking skills in the experimental class using the Discovery Learning model are 3.7 and in the control class using the discussion method namely 3.4. That is, it can be concluded that there are differences in students' critical thinking abilities. This shows that the Discovery Learning model is effective in improving students' critical thinking skills.

Wiwit Rohaeni Yulianti

Jurnal Penelitian Manajemen dan Inovasi Riset 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of financial literacy and parental socialization both simultaneously and partially on the interest in saving at the Bank in students of the Management Study Program of Bina Sarana Informatika University. This research method uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis techniques processed using SPSS version 25. The data collection technique is by distributing questionnaires to 100 students as respondents through google forms. The results showed that financial literacy and parental socialization had a significant influence on interest in saving at the Bank. Simultaneously, financial literacy and parental socialization have a positive and significant effect on the interest in saving at the Bank in Management study program students of Bina Sarana Informatika University.

Fadli Syamsuddin; Iskandar Simbala; Hendra Radjulani

DIAGNOSA: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Keperawatan 2023 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) This is a gradual and irreversible kidney disorder that affects the body's capacity to regulate metabolism, fluids, and electrolytes, leading to the development of uremia. Hemodialysis (HD) patients with chronic renal failure are subject to fluid, dietary and pharmaceutical restrictions as well as activity and medication limits. Weight gain, edema, and high blood pressure will occur if fluid balance is not maintained or if there is excess fluid between dialysis sessions. But limiting fluids while receiving hemodialysis can have a number of negative consequences on the body, one of which is thirst and dry mouth (xerostomia), caused by decreased salivary gland production. This scientific study uses a descriptive methodology along with nursing care strategies to apply the "sipping ice cubes therapy" strategy to reduce thirst in CKD patients receiving hemodialysis. Evidence-based practice of nursing This procedure is carried out in the Nursing Room of RSUD Dr. dr. Aloei Saboe Gorontalo City on December 26 2022 and January 26 2023. According to researchers, the administration of the innovative therapy "Sipping Ice Cubes Therapy" can significantly reduce thirst levels in CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) patients. It can be seen from the 6 respondents who were given the innovative therapy "sipping ice Cubes Therapy" all of which gave a positive response after evaluation, both direct evaluation after giving therapy or evaluation after 3 days of giving the implementation of "sipping ice Cubes Therapy"

Sri Zuwefa; Syaifuddin Syaifuddin; Salman Faris

Journal of Management and Social Sciences 2023 CV. Aksara Global Akademia

This study aims to determine the effect of Locus of Control and Resonant Leadership on Elementary School Teacher Performance in Gaung Anak Serka District, Indra Hilir Regency, Riau. The number of samples in this study were 134. The techniques used to collect data were questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that 1. locus of control (X1) did not significantly influence work engagement (Y). 2. Directly there was a significant influence of resonant leadership (X2) on work engagement (Y). There is no direct significant effect of the locus of control variable (X1) on teacher performance (Z). 4 There is a direct significant effect of the resonant leadership variable (X2) on teacher performance (Z). 5. There is a direct significant effect of work engagement (Y) on teacher performance (Z). 6. Work engagement is not significant mediating locus of control on teacher performance. Work engagement significantly mediates resonant leadership on teacher performance.

anas, khoiruddin; Humaidah Muafiqie, Wina Nurhayati, Heru Widodo

WISSEN : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

Banjir  merupakan  bencana  alam  yang  rutin  menghampiri  wilayah  Kabupaten Jombang khususnya Mojoagung, Mojowarno dan Jombang. Untuk mengurangi kerugian yang disebabkan banjir kinerja Lembaga BPBD Kabupaten di pertaruhkan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja BPBD Kabupaten Jombang dalam Bidang Pencegahan dan Kesiapsiagaan Bencana tahun 2022 besaran dampak Banjir terhadap kerugian material di Kabupaten   Jombang . Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, dianalisis secara kuantitatif melalui analisis korespondensi  dan  dibahas  lebih  mendalam  secara  kualitatif.  Tempat  penelitian adalah di Kabupaten Jombang, dengan populasi masyarakat Kecamatan Mojoagung, Mojowarno, Tembelang, Kesamben,Jombang, Tembelang, Kesamben, PlandaanKabuh,  Ploso  dan  Bandarkedungmulyo,  yang  terdampak  banjir  Pebruari 2022. Berjulah 100 orang dengan sampel masing masing desa 5 orang yang terdiri dari 20 desa. dengan teknik Sampel Wilayah (Area Probability Sample). Dengan  model  pengukuran  skala  linkert  dihasilkan  bahwa Kinerja  BPBD  Jombang  secara  signifikan  bisa  meminimalisir  kerugian  material akibat banjir, Pada analisis regresi diketahui faktor inputs, ouputs, outcomes, benefit dan  dampak  secara  simultan maupun  parsial  tidak  berpengaruh  positif  dan  tidak signifikan pada kerugian banjir, kecuali faktor outcomes

Jety Oktavia; Anis Umi K; Rika Pristian F.A

Konstanta : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam 2023 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Mathematics is one of the subjects taught at all levels from basic education to higher education, which has a significant role in preparing students to have the ability to think logically, analytically, systematically, critically and creatively, as well as have the ability to work together. One of the activities in learning mathematics at school is through problem solving. Problem solving aims to see students' understanding of a material. Mathematical problem solving ability is a very important part of learning mathematics. However, in reality, the problem-solving ability of junior high school students' mathematics is still very low. From these problems, then one of the lessons that can improve the ability to solve mathematical problems is Problem Solving learning. One of the factors that influence differences in problem solving ability is learning style. Learning styles have a close relationship and influence on the learning process in order to achieve learning goals. With students knowing their learning style, learning Problem Solving can be done easily. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII A MTs Plus Sunan Drajat Kedungsantren Bojonegoro. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Problem Solving learning on mathematics learning outcomes when viewed from students' learning styles. The type of research used is quantitative research with the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The results showed that testing the data on mathematics learning outcomes with the Paired Sample T-Test stated that the t_count value was -9.726. The t_count value is negative, because the pretest average value is lower than the posttest average value. In this case, the t_count value can be positive so that it becomes 9.726. Meanwhile, the value of t_table with α = 0.05 and degrees of freedom (dk=n-1) with 24 students is 1.714. Then it can be seen that t_count > t_table, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a significant difference. So it can be concluded that the application of the Problem Solving learning model is quite effectively carried out in the teaching and learning process for class VIII A students of MTs Plus Sunan Drajat Kedungsantren on the material of geometric shapes on the flat sides of cubes and blocks.  

Dyras Suci Prisintya; A.A. Ketut Ayuningsasi

Public Service And Governance Journal 2023 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang

The aim of this research is to assess the impact of capital, working hours, business location, and technology on the income of traders in Pasar Sindu, Sanur Village. The research employed stratified random sampling, involving a sample of 142 traders. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression. The results of the data processing indicate that collectively, capital, working hours, business location, and technology have a significant influence on the income of traders in Pasar Sindu. Individually, the variables of capital, working hours, business location, and technology also have a positive and significant impact on the income of traders in Pasar Sindu, Sanur Village. This research contributes theoretically to the field of microeconomics, particularly in the theory of supply and the theory of production factors. Practically, the findings of this research have implications for traders to utilize capital, working hours, business location, and technology to enhance their income. Furthermore, the government can utilize the results of this research as a basis for formulating policies that support the increase in traders' income. The government can also provide socialization to traders regarding the latest technological developments that can assist them in their businesses.

Alyaa’ Chiquita Fairuzara A. R.; Kezia Angelin Patricia; Nathania Trixie Aryanti

jurnal ABDIMAS Indonesia 2023 STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

The problem faced by the village community is the lack of knowledge about the existing tourism potential, this causes the existing tourism potential to not develop and causes the environment around this tourism potential to be neglected. Because the community lacks concern for existing tourism potential because there is no attraction from tourism potential so that village communities to promote existing tourism potential are lacking. Making tourist attractions in the form of photo spots as a form of tourism village development, is carried out using the participation and socialization approach to the community, through the creation of photo spots which were inaugurated during the "Mlaku Together, Healthy Together" Walk activity. This activity was created as a forum to gather the community, village government, and stakeholders on the Embung Sumberagung tourist attraction. The implementation of developing the tourism potential of the Sumberagung Reservoir began with conducting a survey of the Embung tourist attractions to find out what attractions could be placed in the tourist area, through the survey that had been conducted it was decided that the tourist attraction that could be placed in the Embung area was a Photo Spot. After it was decided to make a photo spot to fulfill the tourist attraction, permission was then given to village officials regarding this photo spot. Revitalization was carried out by adding a photo spot area, installing a sign system, and making trash cans in the area around the reservoir. Photo spots are made with bamboo frames and have a background in the form of a pond view. The sign system is made using wood and iron materials, as a pointer to the location of the reservoir and also as a marker to help maintain environmental cleanliness.

Fendy Tri Anggoro; Fendy Tri Anggoro; Fatkhul Amin

Jurnal Elektronika dan Komputer 2023 STEKOM PRESS

Pulmonary Hospital dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga is a health service institution that organizes plenary health. In the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, dr. Ario Wirawan experienced a significant increase so that during administration the patient experienced a long waiting time. The preparation of this research aims to develop an independent registration system so that it can manage long and ineffective queues. This self-registration platform system uses a web-based FIFO (First in First Out) algorithm. The system development stage is the analysis, design, design and testing stage. The method for developing an independent registration platform system uses the prototype method according to needs. While the coding stage of this system was built using the Python programming language with the PostgreSQL database. With the existence of an independent registration platform system, it is hoped that the hospital and patients can be facilitated in the examination registration process and managing patient data at the Pulmonary Hospital dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga.  Keywords: FIFO, Automated Pavement System

Sofin Rendian Novianto; Imam Husni al Amin

Jurnal Elektronika dan Komputer 2023 STEKOM PRESS

Employees are Human Resources who are very important to achieve the company's vision and mission. Employees have a significant impact on the company's growth and ability to compete in the market. One way to create quality human resources, we need a system to determine exemplary employees. One way to determine employees by using a decision support system. Decision support systems are made to determine exemplary employees in a company based on predetermined weights. The method used in this system is Simple Additive Weighting because it has the advantage of being able to determine the weight value of each attribute. The results obtained from calculations using this system are the names of exemplary employees who have been sorted according to their ranking from the top to the bottom and this system can be used by companies to make it easier to give rewards or appreciation in determining exemplary employees.