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The problem of substance abuse has made all countries in the world worried. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime  noted that at least 271 million people worldwide or 5.5% had consumed substances in 2017. The dangers of substance abuse in users have an impact on biological, psychological and social aspects. These various adverse impacts will certainly have an impact on psychological conditions and a decrease in self-esteem, which in turn can lead to a decrease in quality of life. Community therapy is a treatment that uses a psychosocial approach, a community of addicts who help each other to recover and keep quitting substances. Implementation of drug rehabilitation with community therapy methods can improve psychopathology, self-image and quality of life.  

This research departs from the phenomenon of interpersonal relationships that are owned by the children of the Al-Ghasyiyah Orphanage which are still low and medium, this is marked by the orphans who do not know each other closely, do not understand each other's personal characteristics, are not familiar, lack of cooperation, orphans they still lack the courage to express their ideas or opinions, there are still social conflicts between them, they close themselves off because they lack confidence in getting along with other orphans, they lack a sense of initiative in making friends and working together. Researchers try to provide group guidance services with sociodrama techniques to orphanages to improve interpersonal relationships, the goal to be achieved in this study is to find out whether or not there are significant differences in the interpersonal relationships of orphanage children before and after being given sociodrama technique group guidance services, as well as effective whether or not the sociodrama technique group guidance services to improve the interpersonal relations skills of orphans at the Al-Ghasyiyah Bathin Solapan Duri Orphanage, Riau. This research is classified as a pre-experimental study using a one group pretest posttest design. The population in this study was the adolescent children of the Al-Ghasyiyah Bathin Solapan Duri Orphanage, Riau. The population is young women at the Al-Ghasyiyah Bathin Solapan Duri Riau Orphanage, totaling 20 people. The sample is adolescents who are indicated to have a poor level of interpersonal relations, namely 8 people, sampling based on purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a Likert scale questionnaire. Data analysis used non-parametric statistical tests using the Wilcoxon signed rank test method with the help of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 20.00. pretest and posttest. From the results of the Wilcoxon test calculation, a significant p-value of 0.011 < α (α = 0.05) is obtained, which means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. From the results of the calculation of the Wilcoxon test, it can be interpreted that the interpersonal relationship skills of the orphans increased after being given treatment, namely the sociodrama technique Group Guidance Service.

The hospital also has the main task of providing complete individual health services with efforts to heal, recover, improve, prevent, referral services, research and development and community service. The purpose of writing this scientific article is to find out and review theoretically from various literature and strategies to improve patient satisfaction and quality of service in hospitals. The method used is a theoretical study by analyzing and comparing existing theories. The results of this theoretical study, namely the strategies carried out by increasing human resources, the speed of staff response, and satisfaction can be identified by comparing the expectations and experiences of the performance of health service providers. By doing this strategy can provide a desire of patient hope. It was concluded that strategies to increase patient satisfaction and health quality can realize patient expectations arising from the actions of health workers as the performance of health services and during a good treatment process. In the strategy carried out the patient will evaluate and assess the product or service quality that has been received. Hospital agencies also need to improve service quality strategies to realize patient expectations. Patient satisfaction in assessing quality or good service, and is an important measurement that is fundamental to the quality of service. This is also because by providing information on the success of quality service providers, the values ​​and expectations of patients will increase.

Based on information from the teachers, the students’ SKI learning outcomes are low. The reason for this is that using varied teacher  media will result in students learning to feel bored and less enthusiastic and students become passive. The purpose of this research was conducted at private MTs N’L sorkam kanan in North Sumatera to be precise, students in class IX.A and IX.B. It can be seen that in the learning carried out after using flash card media on student SKI learning outcomes. This study used experimental research where class IX B was used as an experimental class. The class was given treatment using flash card media with a total of 24 students and for the control class, class IX.A was not given treatment but only used conventional media.  As every day in learning, the number of students here is  26 students will be seen that there is a good differences in the results when using flash card media with conventional media. So with that, trials were carried out with preter and portert tests to find out differences in students SKI learning outcomes before and after being given treatment.  Flash card media on the learning outcomes of SKI MTs Students private MTs NU Sorkam right in North Sumatra, which was seen in a paired t test with editorial T1 pretest and T2 posttest which produces sig= 0,000 which is smaller than the significant 0,05 and the tcount test is 10,021 while the t tabel of 24 students, the t tabel is 0,173 then Ha is accepted. 2. There are differences in student SKI learning outcomes using flash card media and conventional media as shown at sig= 0,018 which is smaller than the significant 0,05. 3. Student SKI learning outcomes using flash card media are better than conventional media seen at it sig=0,018 which is smaller than the significant 0,05 can be seen that student SKI learning outcomes using flash card media are better than conventional media.

Organic fertilizers are materials derived from plant residues, and animal waste, both those that have undergone decomposition and those that are undergoing a decomposition process that functions to add nutrients. Substantially organic fertilizers are composed of humus and non-humus materials so that they can improve marginal soils and sand-dominated soils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of various organic fertilizers on sand planting media, and to determine the growth response of pakcoy on various types of organic fertilizers. The research was conducted at the Field Laboratory I Experimental Garden and Agrotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, the research took place from September to November 2020. This study was arranged in a randomized group design (RAK) with the treatment of various organic fertilizers, which were divided into; no organic fertilizer/control (B0), cow manure (B1), chicken manure (B2), comba-sheep green manure (B3), calopogonium green manure (B4). Each treatment was repeated four times as a group, resulting in 20 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of six polybags, resulting in a total of 120 polybags of pakcoy plants. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pakcoy plants. The results showed that organic fertilizer had a very significant effect on all observed growth variables of pakcoy plants. Cow manure treatment in the first and second week plant height variables showed the highest value (5.04 cm, and 6.71 cm). But in general, in the third to fifth week, the average chicken manure gave the highest growth response on the variable of plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pakcoy plants.

Plant classification exists to simplify and clarify the level of kinship and the type of treatment in plant distribution, at the taxonomic level there are family categories, this family in plant taxonomy is a classification system that groups plants based on similarities between their morphology, characteristics, morphology. Euphorbiaceae is a family with flower characteristics hidden in cyathia structures (inflorencia), sap and various sizes. This research is located in Cipeundeuy Village, Bantarujeg District, Majalengka Regency with quantitative analysis using the exploration method in the residents' yards in Cipeundeuy Village. The results of the study found 1 individual of Ephorbia milli, 1 individual of Euphorbia hirta, 1 individual of Pedilanthus tithymaloides, 4 individuals of Acalypha siamensis and 8 individuals of Manihot esculenta from the Euphorbiacea family. This plant is used as an ornamental plant and can be used as herbal medicine because it has chemical compounds that are antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial because it contains tannins, flavonoids and saponins which are effective for healing wounds and several other diseases. The purpose of this research is to inventory and identify plants in Cipeundeuy Village so that the systematics of plants in this area can be known.

Introduction. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest diseases known to attack humans, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is a stage or condition in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis becomes minimally resistant to rifampicin administration and also insonicotinylhydrazine (INH). Extensive-drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) is an MDR-TB with Mycobacterium tuberculosis immune characteristics against one of the fluoroquinolone class drugs and one of the second-line injection OAT (capreomycin, kanamycin, and amikacin). The aim of this study was to find out the description of variation in laboratory costs of MDR-TB/XDR patients on one treatment cycle. Method. The inclusion criteria were patients who had been diagnosed with MDR-TB/XDR and performed laboratory tests. The design of this study was a cross-sectional retrospective analytics using medical records of MDR-TB/XDR patients in MDR division. Results. There were 30 MDR-TB research subjects and 2 XDR-TB research subjects examined for laboratory examination. Comparison of laboratory mean of MDR-TB/XDR (p = 0,018). Discussion. There was a significant difference in the total cost of MDR-TB/XDR laboratory examinations in one treatment cycle. Conclusion. Laboratory examination of MDR-TB/XDR patients requires considerable cost, this is due to the side effects of OAT that require patient clinical monitoring.    

Effective COVID-19 patient referral system is crucial to ensure that patients in need of care can receive timely and appropriate treatment. The Regional Health Department of North Sulawesi Province plays a crucial role in the COVID-19 patient referral system in the region. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of the Regional Health Department of North Sulawesi Province in the COVID-19 patient referral system. This study was conducted using literature review. The results of the study showed that the Regional Health Department of North Sulawesi Province plays a very important role in coordinating between units within the department, overseeing the implementation of programs and policies, and ensuring the availability of sufficient facilities and medical personnel in the COVID-19 patient referral system. This role has ensured that the COVID-19 patient referral system in North Sulawesi Province runs well and effectively. However, further research can be conducted to deepen the understanding of the COVID-19 patient referral system in the region. Further research can be conducted to compare the COVID-19 patient referral system in other regions in Indonesia, so that a more comprehensive understanding of the role of regional health departments in handling the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia can be obtained.    

Waria are one of many different types of sexual intermediaries, including homosexuals and hermaphrodites who occupy the spectrum between pure men and pure women (Susan Stryker, 2008). From this quote, it can be understood that waria is like one who occupies a middle position between the concepts of men and women. The most obvious thing that distinguishes waria from men and women is the way they look that is not in accordance with the general sex that has been assigned to them since birth. Those who are biologically born male, in fact they (waria) look the opposite and resemble women. Waria often receive bad treatment from society such as discrimination, mental and physical violence and other actions that are contrary to morality. On May 2, 2022 waria who are members of the wagayo organization (Waria and gay organization) in Jember, East Java took action to commemorate national education day. From the attached news, the waria provide information that waria also want to get the same place as people in general in the world of education. This is enough to explain the existence of discrimination against transgender women even in the world of education which results in many transgender people being forced to drop out of school because they cannot stand ridicule from both friends and educators at their schools. This has implications for the cause of the low human resources of waria.  

This study aims to describe, build, and maintain an attitude of tolerance in the era of society 5.0. The character of tolerance is a fundamental need of a pluralistic society. Tolerance creates a sense of serenity, peace, harmony and prosperity in social life. Willingness to side by side keeps people away from conflict, social tension, hostility, and division. Adolescents need direction, stimulus, and an environment to grow and implement a tolerant character. This study used a quantitative experimental research method. The research population was class X SMA PL Don Bosko Semarang. The aims of the study were: 1) to measure the effectiveness of the TGT method in increasing students' tolerance, 2) to improve student learning achievement using the module-assisted TGT method, 3) to strengthen tolerance so that student learning outcomes increase. The results showed that: 1) the module-assisted TGT method was considered effective in increasing students' tolerance, 2) TGT treatment improved student achievement, 3) tolerance had a significant influence on student learning outcomes.

The existence of the cosmetics industry basically has a positive impact but also creates new problems because there is still inadequate management of liquid waste. The aim of the study was to find out how the coagulation and flocculation processes affect the quality of BOD, COD, and TSS in wastewater treatment plants. This research method uses a qualitative type method, based on its type with a cross sectional approach with an observational researchhmethode. The populationnof this study is the outlet of the Wastewater Treatment Plant which has undergone coagulation and flocculation processes. The samples used were outlets after the coagulation and flocculation processes were carried out at the WWTP in Cosmetic Industry X, Depok City. The results from the inlet levels of BOD 2,152 mg/l, COD 5,380 mg/l, and TSS 1,830 mg/l. The outlet levels of the Cosmetic Industry X Wastewater Treatment Installation in Depok City showed a BOD level of 15 mg/l, a COD level of 63 mg/l, and a TSS of 20 mg/l. In this study the contents of BOD, COD and TSS in cosmetic industry waste X in Depok city were included in the water quality status with good quality after coagulation and flocculation processes.

This Community Service activity aims to optimize the use of environmentally friendly agricultural products in the home industry for processing aloe vera into nata de aloevera. The agricultural products used are rice straw waste and bagasse which are processed into biodegradable raw materials. The experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments namely A (50% waste rice straw + 50% bagasse), B (75% waste rice straw + 25% bagasse), and C (25% waste rice straw + 75% bagasse). Measurements were made of the parameters pH, total acid, water content, protein content, and organoleptic nata de aloevera. The results showed that treatment A gave the best results in terms of pH, total acid, and protein content. Meanwhile, C treatment gave the best results on water content and organoleptic. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide alternatives to the use of environmentally friendly raw materials in the home industry for processing aloe vera into nata de aloevera and can meet consumer needs for healthy and safe food products..  Keywords: Biodegradable agricultural products, Home industry, Aloe vera processing, Nata de aloevera, Green technology, Green technology   Abstrak_Indo. Kegiatan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan produk pertanian yang ramah lingkungan pada home industry pengolahan aloe vera menjadi nata de aloevera. Produk pertanian yang digunakan adalah limbah jerami padi dan ampas tebu yang diolah menjadi bahan baku biodegradable. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu A (50% limbah jerami padi + 50% ampas tebu), B (75% limbah jerami padi + 25% ampas tebu), dan C (25% limbah jerami padi + 75% ampas tebu). Pengukuran dilakukan terhadap parameter pH, total asam, kadar air, kadar protein, dan organoleptik nata de aloevera. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan A memberikan hasil terbaik pada parameter pH, total asam, dan kadar protein. Sementara itu, perlakuan C memberikan hasil terbaik pada kadar air dan organoleptik. Diharapkan hasil dari penelitian ini dapat memberikan alternatif pemanfaatan bahan baku yang ramah lingkungan dalam home industry pengolahan aloe vera menjadi nata de aloevera serta dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen pada produk makanan yang sehat dan aman. Kata kunci: Produk pertanian biodegradable, Industri rumahan, Pengolahan lidah buaya, Nata de aloevera, Teknologi hijau, Teknologi hijau.

Stroke is a clinical sign that develops due to a rapid disruption of brain function both focal and global due to rupture of blood vessels and blockages in blood vessels in the brain with symptoms lasting for 24 hours or more. Stroke can be categorized into several types, but in general stroke is divided into two types, namely hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke The severity of stroke depends on which part has been damaged by disease.This research was conducted on families in hospitals. Rumkit R.W. TK II Mongosidi Manado, a population of respondents with a sample number of 37respondents, conducted the study in July to August. This type of research   is research   using analytical deskritive methods with sectional crosdesign. Sampling techniques use total sampling. Data collection using questionnaires. Furthermore, the data   collected, analyzed using the Chi-sqcuare test with a level of meaning (α) ≤ 0.05. Chi-sqcuarestatistical test results obtained a value of p = (a< 0.001). This means that there is a knowledge relationship with the handling of stroke patients that is significant between the relationship of knowledge with the handling of stroke patients in . Rumkit R.W. TK II Mongosidi Manado Conclusion of this study Knowledge relationship with the treatment of stroke patients in the study. Rumkit R.W. TK II Mongosidi Manado Advises the results of this study for developments in the field of nursing next.  

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease caused by the pancreas being damaged in production or insulin cannot work effectively. Portulaca Oleracea Leaf Extract can help reduce levels of Malondialdehyde. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Portulaca Oleracea leaf extract on malondialdehyde levels in alloxan-induced rats as a diabetes model.Methods: There were 30 rats in this study divided into 5 groups, each group consisting of 6 rats. The negative control group was only given aquadest and standard rat feed, the positive group was induced with alloxan, the treatment group 1 was induced with alloxan and Portulaca Oleracea leaf extract at a dose 60 mg/200grBW, treatment group 2 was induced with alloxan and Portulaca Oleracea leaf extract at a dose 90 mg/200grBW and treatment group 3 was induced by alloxan and Portulaca Oleracea leaf extract at a dose 110 mg/200grBW rats. Analysis of the results used the One Way Anova test followed by Post Hoc LSD analysis to see differences between groups.Results: The results of One Way Anova test on Malondialdehyde levels showed that there was an effect after intervention of Portulaca Oleracea leaf extract among the five treatment groups p = 0.000. The results of Post Hoc LSD test showed that Portulaca Oleracea leaf extract had effective inhibits the formation of malondialdehyde activity at a dose of 90 mg/200grBB p = 0.145.Conclusion: It can be concluded that Portulaca Oleracea leaf extract can reduce Malondialdehyde levels.    

Mastoiditis is a disorder of the middle ear. Inflammation of the middle ear involves the mastoid cells of the temporal bone. Mastoiditis is generally a complication of otitis media. This is due to the connection between the middle ear and the mastoid air cells. This research method begins by searching articles on Google Scholar, PubMed and NCBI within the year range determined by the researcher and using the keywords Mastoiditis, Mastoiditis Diagnosis, Mastoiditis Management. The results of this study found that the diagnosis of mastoiditis can be made by history, physical examination and supporting examinations. Treatment that can be done in mastoiditis depends on the severity of the infection and its complications. administration of antibiotics, incision and drainage of mastoid abscess and mastoidectomy are the management of mastoiditis  

Perencanaan sistem istalasi fire fighting pada sebuah bangunan merupakan sebuah hal yang membutuhkan akurasi, hal tersebut diperlukan bukan hanya untuk mendapatkan efektifitas kinerja yang bagus, bnukan pula demi mendapatkan efisiensi ekonomis yang serendah-rendahnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Adapun hasil yang didapat yaitu perancangan pada sebuah bangunan juga mempertimbangkan fungsi utama dari instalasi fire fighting yang akan di arahkan pada tata letak yang strategis pada bangunan tersebut, sehingga dapat di sesuaikan dengan kebutuhan. Regenerasi Water Treatment adalah proses pertukaran timbal balik antara ion yang terdapat di dalam air dengan ion yang ada pada resin, ion exchange resin penukar ion adalah suatu senyawa organic berstruktur tiga dimensi dengan ikatan silang dan mempunyai gugus-gugus fungsi yang dapat terionisasi,lalu hasil Regenerasi Purified Water System itu sendri dapat menghilangkan berbagai camaran (ion, bahan organik, partikel, mikroba,dan gas) sehingga air tersebut menjadi lebih jernih yang digunakan untuk produksi.    

Background: Surgery or surgery that has been planned can bring about a stress reaction in patients, both physiological and psychological stress. The occurrence of this stress can lead to a condition of preoperative patient anxiety. Planned surgical actions can cause physiological and psychological responses in patients. The psychological response that usually occurs in preoperative patients is anxiety. Research Objectives: Knowing the effect of giving spiritual therapy guided by prayer on the level of anxiety in preoperative patients with spinal anesthesia in Jombang Hospital. Research Methods: This type of research uses a quasi experimental method with a pre post test research design with a control group design. Respondents were given pretest and posttest treatment using the APAIS scale measurement. The sample in this study was 22 respondents in the intervention group and 22 respondents in the control group. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out in November - June 2021. Research Results: The results of data collection were processed using the Wilcoxon test in the intervention group of 0.000 and in the control group of 0.014 and using the Mann Whitney test. Results The Mann Whitney test yielded p=0.006 (p<0.05), so Ha was accepted. Conclusion: There is a significant effect of prayer guidance therapy on the anxiety level of preoperative patients with spinal anesthesia.  

Hydrotherapy also called hydrothermal therapy, is the use of water,in any of its forms, for the maintanance of health or the treatment of disease (Wardle, 2013). Footbath is a kind of hydrotherapy. There are many benefits of footbath hydrotherapy for patients with heart failure such as to improve and/or maintain functional ability and quality of life. The aim of this research is to identification the effectiveness of hydrotherapy for oxigen saturation of patients with heart failure. The methodology of this research is use quantitative design with one group pretest and posttest with intervention group design. This research did Maret 2023 in The Integrated Heart Centre Haji Adam Malik Medan Hospital. 16 Responden of this group. According demografi charachteristic results in intervention group found that according of age patients majority (62.5%) are older age with 56-65 years mean 55.06+ 8.71.  Second half three respondent (62,5%) is men. According to education level majority respondent is Senior High School (62.5%). More than hal of respondent (62.5%) is Heart Failure Chronic > 60 months (5 years) (Mean + SD= 31,44 + 26,63). Almost all respondents (87,5%) had a family with history heart failure too. Pre and Post Paired t-test results are significant different for oxygen saturation at intervention groups (p<0,05) (SpO2: t= -1.581, p= 0.004  ). It means the effectiveness of hydrotherapy significantly can increase spO2.  This research has found that significant different of oxigen saturation of patients with heart failure after hydrotherapy in intervention group.

Shallot is a horticultural commodity that has good market prospects because it contains high nutrition and can be used as spices and ingredients for traditional medicine. However, shallot production in Indonesia still often fluctuates and even experiences a shortage in meeting the needs of domestic consumers. To increase shallot production, this can be done through intensification efforts, namely by improving cultivation techniques, such as the use of organic fertilizers, proper fertilization, and the use of superior varieties. This study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of 2 treatment factors, namely factor I, fermented NPK ( F) consisting of 0 ml, 250 ml, 500 ml and 750 ml. Factor II was the variety (V) of the Brebes Bima variety, the Probolinggo variety and the Nganjuk variety. The parameters of plant observation were: plant height (cm) and production per plot (g). The data analysis method was a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The results showed that the application of fermented NPK and the use of varieties had a very significant effect on the parameters of plant height (cm) and production per plot (g).

Aquaponics consists of fish farming and plant maintenance. Water, which is a medium for fish cultivation, is used as a source of nutrition in plant maintenance, while plants function as a biofilter for water. This study used red onion seeds of the Sanren variety. This study was an experimental study using a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 1 treatment factor and 5 blocks. to get 20 research plots. Planting Media Factor with a symbol (M) which consists of 4 levels, namely: M1: Compost, M2: Chaff Charcoal, M3: Cocopeat, M4: Rice Husk. The results showed that the use of several growing media in the floating raft aquaponic system had a very significant effect on plant height (cm) and the number of leaves (strands).