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:  This research aims to describe the personality of the main character of the film “My Idiot Brother 2014”, namely Angel, through Sigmund Freud's theory which includes Id, Ego and Superego. This qualitative research uses literary psychology methods. The source of this data was taken from the film “My Idiot Brother in 2014”. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis using a literary psychology approach, namely describing the findings. The results of the analysis show that the id is in the form of desires and their fulfillment, the ego includes hateful behavior and the inability to accept reality and finally the superego is conscience awareness of one's bad attitudes and regrets.

Phonological acquisition is a critical aspect of a child's language development. This process involves the formation of a complex sound system of language through the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. This article examines how the process of phonological acquisition in the language of children aged 3.5 years. Children who were the object of this study had a fairly good level of language acquisition. But in terms of phonology, there are still many errors in pronunciation. The background of this study examines the importance of understanding the phonological acquisition process in a critical stage of children's language development. The study aims to identify the main factors that influence phonological acquisition in this age range. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method, which explains the acquisition of language in children in terms of phonology. Data collection techniques involve listening, interacting and speaking. The object of this study was a girl named Grace Angel Agata, who in interacting have been able to pronounce various forms of simple words and sentences. The results showed that the children were able to pronounce vowel elements (a, i, u, e, o), while consonant elements were still found to have some pronunciation errors. The study's findings underscore the role of social environment, interaction with others, and genetic predisposition in shaping a child's phonological development.

The purpose of this study was aimed at determining the difference between Indonesian allophones and Sundanese. in Indonesian, allophones are often associated with variations in the pronunciation of consonants and vowels, while in Sundanese these variations can include word forms and intonation patterns. The method used in this study uses qualitative methods by investigating the differences between Indonesian allophones and Sundanese so as to produce concrete data. Such as differences in vowel phonemes and consonant phonemes between Indonesian and Sundanese, differences in consonant allophones and vowel allophones, differences in the use of certain sounds, differences in intonation patterns and accents. With this research, it can produce data that can distinguish between Indonesian allophones and Sundanese allophones

This research is a case study research. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Data sources used are events, informants, and documents. Data collection techniques are carried out by direct observation, interviews, and documents. The test of data validity used is source triangulation and method triangulation. The data analysis technique used is flow model data analysis. The results of this study are descriptions of: (1) the characteristics of Papuan accent Indonesian are distinguished based on linguistic and nonlinguistic elements. Linguistic elements include; (a) phoneme replacement; (b) diphthong replacement; (c) phoneme completion; (d) the use of intonation. Nonlinguistic elements are speech events and paralinguistics; (2) factors that influence the emergence of Papuan characteristics Indonesian accents, namely; (a) administrative units; (b) a special sense of community identity; (c) reside in the same geographical area; (d) historical experience; (3) Indonesian Papuan accent has relevance as teaching material for sociolinguistic courses in the Indonesian Education Study Program.

This literature study aims to analyze and describe the integration of moral values ​​in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning based on coastal local wisdom for elementary school students. The focus of this study is to identify moral values ​​that are relevant to the lives of coastal communities, analyze strategies for integrating coastal local wisdom in PAI learning, and describe the potential for developing PAI teaching materials based on coastal local wisdom. The research method used is a literature study with a descriptive-analytical approach. The sources of research data are journal articles, reference books, curriculum documents, and relevant previous research results over the past ten years. Data collection techniques are carried out through identification, classification, and content analysis. The results of the study show that: (1) Moral values ​​that are relevant to the lives of coastal communities include gratitude for the gifts of the sea, honesty, cooperation, courage, patience, and responsibility for the environment; (2) The strategy of integrating local coastal wisdom in Islamic Religious Education learning can be done through the development of contextual teaching materials, experiential learning methods, and authentic evaluation; (3) The development of Islamic Religious Education teaching materials based on local coastal wisdom has the potential to increase the relevance of learning, strengthen local cultural identity, and facilitate the internalization of moral values ​​in elementary school students. This study concludes that the integration of moral values ​​in Islamic Religious Education learning based on local coastal wisdom is a relevant and potential strategy to be implemented in elementary schools in coastal areas, especially at SDN 007 Panipahan.

Education is a key element in the development of society and the country. This article examines the development of education in Indonesia with a focus on the background, results and conclusions of the historical journey of education in this country. The development of education in Indonesia has been influenced by a long history, especially the period of Dutch colonialism. Education at that time was limited to the native elite and created inequality in access to education. However, after the proclamation of independence in 1945, education became a top priority in national development, resulting in a significant increase in access to basic education. Nevertheless, educational inequality between urban and rural areas and between islands in Indonesia remains a problem that must be addressed..Educational developments in Indonesia include increasing access to education, diversifying higher education programs, and efforts to integrate local culture in the curriculum. The government has allocated a significant budget for education, modernizing the curriculum and improving the quality of teaching. Education reform also includes teacher training and curriculum updates to face changing times. However, there are still challenges in educational governance, unequal access to education, and integrating technology in the learning process. The development of education in Indonesia reflects a journey full of challenges and significant changes. While there has been progress in terms of access and cultural integration efforts, challenges such as educational inequality, complex governance, and technology integration still need to be addressed. Quality education remains a priority, with the hope that continued efforts will ensure that education in Indonesia meets high quality standards and is relevant to face a challenging future. Keywords: Education, Indonesia, History

The problem in this research is that there are still students who still make mistakes in writing their thesis and also in using punctuation marks and the solution that the researcher provides is to upload the file to Google Drive and carry out analysis using Google Doc. The objectives of this research are (1) To find out language spelling errors in preparing thesis proposals for PGMI STAIBR Sibuhuan students. (2) To find out writing errors in STAIBR Sibuhuan student theses. (3) To describe spelling errors in using capital letters, errors in using italics, and errors in using bold letters in PGMI STAIBR Sibuhuan student theses. In this research the author used a type of field research, the design used was qualitative research, namely research that produces data in the form of written or spoken words from the people being observed. The researcher checked the validity of the data by means of source triangulation and technical triangulation. Source triangulation is triangulation carried out by interviewing various sources, such as the head of the library and lecturers, students from the class of 2017. However, the results obtained must remain the same. Meanwhile, technical triangulation is triangulation carried out by researchers by collecting different data from the same source. By using triangulation techniques in data collection, the data obtained will be better and more certain. Analysis of capital letter errors in writing and italics in students' theses at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) Barumun Raya Islamic College (STAIBR) Sibuhuan. caused by errors in the use of capital letters as elements of the first letter of a word at the beginning of a sentence, the first letter of the name of a nation, ethnic group, and language. Analysis of errors in writing prepositions in, to and from students' theses at the Islamic High School Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI). Islam Barumun Raya (STAIBR) Sibuhuan is due to ignorance that the writing must be written separately from the words of its followers or a combination of words that are commonly considered as one word. Analysis of errors in the use of punctuation marks in students' theses at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) Barumun Islamic College Raya (STAIBR) Sibuhuan errors which include errors in the use of the period punctuation mark (.), errors in the use of the comma punctuation mark (,), errors in the use of the colon (:), and errors in the use of the question mark (?) errors. Punctuation errors are caused by differences in perception in the use of punctuation marks in accordance with EYD guidelines.    

This study aims to analyze spelling patterns in the form of spelling errors in student speech texts. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The source of data in this research is the speech texts of students of the Department of Indonesian Language and Literature Education Semester 5, Faculty of Letters and Culture, Gorontalo State University in the 2022/2023 academic year. The data in this study are sentences that contain spelling mistakes in accordance with EYD in the form of letter usage, word writing, punctuation usage, and writing of absorbed elements. The number of speech texts in the research is 40 speech texts. The data collection techniques used in this research are documentation, reading technique, and note-taking technique. The data analysis technique in this research goes through several stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, data inference and verification, and final conclusion. The results of this study show that there are three forms of spelling errors in speech texts written by students, namely the use of letters, word writing, and the use of punctuation marks. The errors in the use of letters include errors in the use of capital letters as many as 20 errors consisting of errors in writing titles, geographic names, and greetings. Meanwhile, there were 5 italicization errors consisting of foreign language writing errors. Word writing errors in the form of preposition writing errors consist of 10 errors. Punctuation errors include 5 period errors and 27 comma errors.  

Education is a key element in the development of society and the country. This article examines the development of education in Indonesia with a focus on the background, results and conclusions of the historical journey of education in this country. The development of education in Indonesia has been influenced by a long history, especially the period of Dutch colonialism. Education at that time was limited to the native elite and created inequality in access to education. However, after the proclamation of independence in 1945, education became a top priority in national development, resulting in a significant increase in access to basic education. Nevertheless, educational inequality between urban and rural areas and between islands in Indonesia remains a problem that must be addressed..Educational developments in Indonesia include increasing access to education, diversifying higher education programs, and efforts to integrate local culture in the curriculum. The government has allocated a significant budget for education, modernizing the curriculum and improving the quality of teaching. Education reform also includes teacher training and curriculum updates to face changing times. However, there are still challenges in educational governance, unequal access to education, and integrating technology in the learning process. The development of education in Indonesia reflects a journey full of challenges and significant changes. While there has been progress in terms of access and cultural integration efforts, challenges such as educational inequality, complex governance, and technology integration still need to be addressed. Quality education remains a priority, with the hope that continued efforts will ensure that education in Indonesia meets high quality standards and is relevant to face a challenging future. Keywords: Education, Indonesia, History

The problem in this research is that there are still students who still make mistakes in writing their thesis and also in using punctuation marks and the solution that the researcher provides is to upload the file to Google Drive and carry out analysis using Google Doc. The objectives of this research are (1) To find out language spelling errors in preparing thesis proposals for PGMI STAIBR Sibuhuan students. (2) To find out writing errors in STAIBR Sibuhuan student theses. (3) To describe spelling errors in using capital letters, errors in using italics, and errors in using bold letters in PGMI STAIBR Sibuhuan student theses. In this research the author used a type of field research, the design used was qualitative research, namely research that produces data in the form of written or spoken words from the people being observed. The researcher checked the validity of the data by means of source triangulation and technical triangulation. Source triangulation is triangulation carried out by interviewing various sources, such as the head of the library and lecturers, students from the class of 2017. However, the results obtained must remain the same. Meanwhile, technical triangulation is triangulation carried out by researchers by collecting different data from the same source. By using triangulation techniques in data collection, the data obtained will be better and more certain. Analysis of capital letter errors in writing and italics in students' theses at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) Barumun Raya Islamic College (STAIBR) Sibuhuan. caused by errors in the use of capital letters as elements of the first letter of a word at the beginning of a sentence, the first letter of the name of a nation, ethnic group, and language. Analysis of errors in writing prepositions in, to and from students' theses at the Islamic High School Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI). Islam Barumun Raya (STAIBR) Sibuhuan is due to ignorance that the writing must be written separately from the words of its followers or a combination of words that are commonly considered as one word. Analysis of errors in the use of punctuation marks in students' theses at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) Barumun Islamic College Raya (STAIBR) Sibuhuan errors which include errors in the use of the period punctuation mark (.), errors in the use of the comma punctuation mark (,), errors in the use of the colon (:), and errors in the use of the question mark (?) errors. Punctuation errors are caused by differences in perception in the use of punctuation marks in accordance with EYD guidelines.    

This study aims to analyze spelling patterns in the form of spelling errors in student speech texts. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The source of data in this research is the speech texts of students of the Department of Indonesian Language and Literature Education Semester 5, Faculty of Letters and Culture, Gorontalo State University in the 2022/2023 academic year. The data in this study are sentences that contain spelling mistakes in accordance with EYD in the form of letter usage, word writing, punctuation usage, and writing of absorbed elements. The number of speech texts in the research is 40 speech texts. The data collection techniques used in this research are documentation, reading technique, and note-taking technique. The data analysis technique in this research goes through several stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, data inference and verification, and final conclusion. The results of this study show that there are three forms of spelling errors in speech texts written by students, namely the use of letters, word writing, and the use of punctuation marks. The errors in the use of letters include errors in the use of capital letters as many as 20 errors consisting of errors in writing titles, geographic names, and greetings. Meanwhile, there were 5 italicization errors consisting of foreign language writing errors. Word writing errors in the form of preposition writing errors consist of 10 errors. Punctuation errors include 5 period errors and 27 comma errors.  

Studying phonemes is a part of phonology, so writing this article is about learning basic phonemes. Phonemes are the basic level of phonological learning because phonemes are the smallest basic units that form the elements that make up speech sounds. Therefore, in this article we will study the basic phoneme which is the smallest functional unit of language. a phoneme cannot stand alone because a phoneme has no meaning, but its role is very important because a phoneme can distinguish meaning. For example, the phonemes [l] and [r]. If we separate these two phonemes, we will definitely not understand their meaning. A phoneme has an identity basis which is called the meaning distinguishing function of the sound units of language. The method used in this article is a method that collects information through questionnaires to analyze students' understanding of phonemic learning and draw conclusions about basic phonemic learning, whether learning is important and easy to understand.  

Language skills are needed for all individuals. This is because language skills are a model for developing students’ intellectual, social, and character abilities. The first language skill possessed by humans is listening. The purpose of writing this article is to analyze student listening skills in learning Indonesian at MI/SD. This research uses the library research method which is a series of activities related to the method of collecting library data, reading and recording and processing the research material. Listening is one of the most important language skills that must be mastered by students, but in reality many students do not like learning to listen. Most think that learning to listen is a boring lesson.

The Indonesian education system has been changed over past few decades. There are several reason of these changes but the one most crucial aspect of these changes is the student and technology. Merdeka curriculum or also known as independent study is this modern era’s newest curriculum, as we know in this current world technology has been developed in the speed of light and it also affects students’ character toward studying and that’s why the Merdeka curriculum being made. The main purpose of this curriculum is to use tech as useful as possible and also to develop each unique ability that students. This article’s main purpose is to explain about format and implementation of the Merdeka curriculum in this modern era.

The objective of this study is to find out how the effect of habituation of Mingle Night program in improving students' English speaking ability at BestOne Education English Course. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research design. The data collection methods used were observation, interview, and documentation. The participants in this study amounted to 15 students at the BesOne Education course. The results of this study show that the impact of the Mingle Night program can increase students' vocabulary and improve students' English speaking skills. In addition, the Mingle Night program can also increase self-confidence and build mental in speaking in front of many people. This Mingle Night program is also different from other programs that students have encountered because in Mingle Night students can be free in speaking and having opinions without fear of the wrong word structure. In conclusion, the Mingle Night program at BestOne Education is considered effective in improving students' speaking skills. In addition, tutor assistance and support also greatly affect the effectiveness of this Mingle Night program.

Syntax is a branch of linguistics that studies grammar in an utterance. One of the objects of study of syntax is phrases. Phrases are grammatical units consisting of two or more words that do not exceed the function limit. This study aims to use phrases that focus on noun phrases, verb phrases, and adjective phrases in narrative texts in social studies learning books for class VII of the independent curriculum. This study used a descriptive qualitative data analysis method by searching, finding, determining, and analyzing the phrases in the narrative text of social studies learning books for class VIII of the independence curriculum. In analyzing the data using the approach of theoretical study of syntax and using the study of documents as a method of data collection. As for the results obtained from this analysis in the form of finding seven noun phrases as the most used phrases in the text, three verb phrases, and five adjective phrases that are appropriate to their respective uses. It is hoped that this research will help many people, especially those pursuing education, better understand the different types of verb phrases, noun phrases, and adjective phrases in narrative text sentences.

The syntax is a grammar that can decipher the relationship of language elements to form sentences. The function of syntax is as a container in a syntactic structure that contains certain categories. It can be called subject (S), Predicate (P), Object (O), Complement (COMP), and Adverb (ADV). Phrase analysis in short story texts in Indonesian language books for fourth-grade elementary school independence curriculum. This analysis is a qualitative descriptive analysis of the short story text in the Indonesian language book for the fourth grade of the Independent Curriculum. Phrases are syntactic units cobining of two or more words and do not have clauses that occupy one function. Many do not understand how to divide groups of phrases and the causes of errors. Therefore, this research to classify phrases based on their types, and the causes of phrase errors in short stories texts in Indonesian language books for fourth-grade elementary school independence curriculum. Listening and then recording is a technique that can be done when data collection. The results of this study indicate that there are noun phrases, verb phrases, adjective phrases, numeral phrases, and errors in the use of phrases in short stories sentences. This analysis is expected to better understand and be able to develop the use of phrases in short stories.

This article aims to discuss in detail the importance of language education in building a cultured character at the PGRI 9 SIDOARJO Junior High School level. Language education has a very important role in shaping the character of students, especially during adolescence which is a crucial period in the formation of their personality. Language education at Junior High School PGRI 9 SIDOARJO provides opportunities for students to develop language skills, both in speaking, writing, reading and listening. Students learn grammar, vocabulary, and language skills needed in everyday life. Language education is also important in building a cultured character. Students are exposed to literary works that represent diverse cultural values, develop empathy, tolerance and understanding of cultural diversity. Language education teaches good communication ethics, respect for the opinions of others, courtesy, and honesty. Students learn to respect and understand the perspectives of others and communicate effectively by taking into account social and cultural contexts. Good language skills open doors for students to acquire new knowledge and access broader information. Language education provides a strong foundation for students in studying other subjects, developing interests and talents, and facing challenges in an increasingly global world of work. This article emphasizes the importance of language education in building cultured character at Junior High School PGRI 9 SIDOARJO. Language education improves language skills, understands culture, and develops inclusive, empathetic, and communicative characters

This study aims to: 1) develop material for writing descriptive texts using a mind mapping model in Indonesian subjects; 2) analyze the feasibility of writing descriptive text material using the mind mapping model as teaching material in Indonesian language lessons in class VII junior high school. The development method used is the research and development method from Borg and Gall modified by Sugiyono with five stages. The development stages include analyzing potential and problems, collecting data, designing product development, validating, and revising products. The development was validated by two validators, namely material experts with an assessment reaching 86% included in the very feasible category, media expert validation with an assessment reaching 74% included in the feasible category. From the overall feasibility assessment of the teaching materials that have been presented, the descriptive text teaching materials using the Mind Mapping model for class VII have decent quality and can be accepted as one of the teaching materials.

The era of globalization is slowly eroding the characters of young people. For this reason, character education is needed. A management is needed so that good and structured character education can occur. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method.  The object of research is the students and alumni of MA NU I'anatuth-Thullab Mutih Kulon to explain the benefits of planting character education with local religious content. Local content that is applied is by studying books so that it is useful as a provision for children's knowledge about religious teachings. In addition, in establishing relationships with parents, teachers, and friends, they can behave with morality. The author hopes that this article can be used as a source of information or reference for all of us so that we can properly implement character education by balancing religion