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The hyper-connected work era has fundamentally blurred the temporal and psychological boundaries between professional and personal spheres, triggering a productivity paradox phenomenon where increased digital connectivity is inversely proportional to long-term cognitive efficiency. Consequently, this research aims to explore deeply and comprehensively the critical roles of cognitive resilience and digital wellbeing strategies as vital preventive mechanisms against the rising risk of burnout resulting from cumulative cognitive fatigue. Employing a qualitative approach with a rigorous literature review design, this study synthesizes extensive secondary literature retrieved from accredited academic databases and global policy reports within the last five years to analyze current trends and theoretical frameworks. The in-depth analysis reveals that cognitive resilience, significantly bolstered by metacognitive digital literacy, functions as an adaptive shield against the mounting pressures of information overload and attention fragmentation. Furthermore, the findings emphatically confirm that sustainable productivity is not achieved through borderless connectivity, but rather necessitates disciplined cognitive energy management and the strict implementation of "right to disconnect" protocols. Concluding the study, it is strongly recommended that organizations integrate comprehensive digital wellbeing policies into their work culture architecture to safeguard long-term employee performance and ensure organizational sustainability amidst the challenges of the attention economy.  

Land and Building Tax for Rural and Urban Areas (PBB-P2) is one of the sources of Regional Original Revenue that has a strategic role in supporting regional development financing. However, the optimization of PBB-P2 revenue still faced various problems, especially related to the inaccuracy of tax object and subject data. This study aimed to analyze the optimization of PBB-P2 revenue through the implementation of verification and validation in increasing PAD at the regional Revenue Agency (BAPENDA) of Sikka Regency. The research method used was a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation.                 The results showed that the implementation of verification and validation of PBB-P2 data was able to improve the accuracy of the tax database, refine the determination of the Tax Object Sales Value, and reduce data discrepancies between the system and field conditions. These efforts had a positive impact on increasing the realization of PBB-P2 revenue and its contribution to PAD of Sikka Regency. Nevertheless, the implementation of verification and validation still faced several obstacles, such as limited human resources, suboptimal utilization of information technology, and low awareness among some taxpayers. Therefore, strengthening the data collection system, increasing the capacity of apparatus, and enhancing inter-agency synergy were required to optimize PBB-P2 revenue sustainably.

Mawang Village occupies a strategic position as a buffer zone integrating the administrative center of Gowa Regency with other growth centers, featuring the ecological asset of Lake Mawang, which holds significant potential for ecotourism development. However, a discrepancy exists between spatial planning policies and the actual development of facilities and infrastructure on the ground. This study aims to identify the availability, accessibility, and physical feasibility of regional facilities and infrastructure as a fundamental database for area development. The method employed is descriptive-quantitative with a comparative analysis approach referring to the SNI 03-1733-2004 standards and spatial analysis. The findings indicate that religious and commercial/service facilities exhibit very high service levels with surplus conditions, while basic health facilities and early childhood education remain below minimum service standards. Spatially, the distribution of facilities tends to be concentrated along the main corridor, creating accessibility disparities for residents in inner residential areas. The collector road infrastructure is functionally adequate but lacks pedestrian facilities, while local roads suffer from pavement quality degradation. Furthermore, Lake Mawang, as a primary tourist attraction, still lacks basic supporting facilities. The implications of this research emphasize the need for equitable distribution of health facilities, revitalization of road quality, and the formulation of a comprehensive spatial detail plan for the lake area to achieve sustainable regional development based on local potential.

This research presents the development of a transaction data protection mechanism for a bouquet sales application by utilizing the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. The rapid growth of digital commerce has led to an increase in online transactions, which in turn raises serious concerns regarding the security of sensitive transaction data. Information such as customer identities, order details, delivery addresses, and payment data are vulnerable to unauthorized access, data leakage, and manipulation if not properly secured. To address these issues, this study applies the AES-128 encryption algorithm using a 128-bit secret key to secure transaction data before it is stored in the system database. The encryption process follows the standard AES workflow, including key expansion, initial transformation, multiple encryption rounds, and a final transformation stage. Decryption is restricted exclusively to authorized users who possess the correct encryption key. The research methodology includes system analysis, AES integration into the application, and functional testing of the encryption and decryption processes. Data integrity is validated by comparing the original plaintext with the decrypted output, while system performance is evaluated based on processing time and decryption accuracy. Experimental results indicate that the average encryption and decryption time remains under 10 milliseconds per transaction, without affecting system performance. The findings confirm that AES-128 effectively enhances transaction data confidentiality and integrity in the bouquet sales application

Antibiotics are one of the main pillars in the treatment of bacterial infections and have contributed significantly to increasing human life expectancy. However, long-term use of antibiotics has serious consequences for the balance of the body's microbiome, especially the gut microbiome which plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis through the regulation of the immune system, metabolism, and protection against pathogens. This literature review aims to comprehensively analyze the impact of long-term antibiotic use on the structure, diversity, and function of the human microbiome. The scientific articles reviewed were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases, including empirical research, systematic review, and meta-analysis published in the last ten years. The results showed that prolonged exposure to antibiotics consistently decreased microbiota diversity, altered the composition of bacterial communities, and triggered dysbiosis, which is often persistent even when therapy is stopped. Dysbiosis is associated with impaired immune system function, increased systemic inflammation, risk of allergic and metabolic diseases, and potential disorders on the intestinal-brain axis. This impact is more pronounced in vulnerable groups such as neonates and children, especially when exposure occurs during a critical period of development. In conclusion, long-term antibiotic use has broad systemic implications, so a more rational, prudent, and sustainable use strategy is needed to maintain the health of the human microbiome.

This study analyzes the strategic role of quality-based marketing models in enhancing the competitiveness of kombucha products, with a specific focus on Rumah SCOBY DBA, produced by the Yayasan Dharma Bintang Akademia. By integrating Total Quality Management (TQM), Quality Assurance (QA), and Quality Control (QC), the research explores how quality-driven frameworks contribute to marketing effectiveness, consumer trust, brand positioning, and sustainable performance in the functional beverage industry. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) combined with conceptual analysis, the study systematically examined publications from 2015 to 2025 across leading academic databases, focusing on themes of quality management, functional beverage marketing, kombucha production, consumer behavior, and digital strategies. The findings reveal that product quality—characterized by fermentation stability, microbiological safety, and nutritional consistency—serves as the primary driver of consumer purchase intention. Process quality, through standardized SOPs, hygiene protocols, and traceability systems, reinforces credibility, while service quality, including transparent labeling, health education, and digital engagement, strengthens brand trust. Integrating TQM principles into marketing fosters consumer loyalty, differentiates brands in competitive markets, and supports long-term sustainability. This study provides practical guidance for producers, community-based enterprises, and policymakers to adopt quality-driven marketing models, offering a novel conceptual framework tailored to kombucha products and mapping future research directions in functional beverage innovation.

This research investigates the integration of Smart Production Systems (SPS) within the framework of Industry 5.0, emphasizing how such integration redefines operational efficiency and human–machine collaboration. The study aims to identify the contributions of smart technologies to productivity, sustainability, and human value in modern production systems. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, drawing from international databases including Elsevier, Springer, IEEE Xplore, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, ACM, and SAGE, as well as national sources. Publications from 2023–2025 were screened using keywords such as “Industry 5.0,” “Smart Production Systems,” “Human–Machine Collaboration,” and “Operational Efficiency.” Thematic analysis categorized findings into four dimensions: operational efficiency, human–machine collaboration, industrial sustainability, and socio-ethical aspects. Results indicate that SPS integration significantly enhances operational efficiency while fostering adaptive and creative collaboration between humans and machines. The combination of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), and human creativity establishes a resilient, sustainable, and innovative production paradigm. Successful implementation of Industry 5.0 requires harmonizing technological advancement, human skills, and ethical principles. Practically, the study offers insights for industry stakeholders and policymakers in designing human-centered digital transformation strategies, strengthening supply chain resilience, workplace safety, and innovation. This research contributes conceptually by highlighting ethical and sustainable human–machine interactions in future production systems.

Decoction is a traditional extraction method rooted in ethnobotany; however, meeting quality standards in modern pharmaceutical research remains a major challenge. This study aims to map global research trends regarding phenolic and flavonoid compounds in decoctions over the 2015–2025 period through bibliometric analysis. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer 1.6.20 software, employing the fractional counting method to ensure a more proportional weighting of keyword relationships. The results indicate a fluctuating trend that significantly increased toward the end of the period, peaking at 78 documents in 2025, with India and China emerging as the primary contributors. Network visualization and research density analysis reveal that the global research focus remains centered on antioxidant capacity (DPPH, TPC, and TFC), while decoction itself occupies a supporting position within the research map. This study concludes that decoction has not yet become a central focus in modern pharmaceutical research but serves primarily as a vehicle for presenting active compounds. There remains a significant gap between traditional decoction use and the application of advanced analytical technologies such as HPLC and antibacterial testing, representing a substantial opportunity for future research to validate the safety and efficacy of decoctions more scientifically and through standardized approaches.

This research aims to analyze the innovation in population services, called Duta Hatiku (Dukcapil Tanggap Bencana Harapan Timbul Kembali Utuh/Civil Registration Disaster Response: Hope Rises Again Completely), implemented by the Department of Population and Civil Registration (Disdukcapil) of Sidoarjo Regency. This innovation was developed as a quick response service for disaster victims who lost their identity documents. Drawing on the public service innovation theory of Mulgan and Albury, this study examines the novelty, implementation, and impact of the Duta Hatiku program. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation at Disdukcapil Sidoarjo during May-July 2025. Informants include program managers, field officers, disaster victims as service beneficiaries, and related stakeholders. The results indicate that the Duta Hatiku innovation has successfully provided rapid population document recovery services to disaster victims, with an average service completion time of only 2-3 days, compared to the standard 14 days. The program utilizes mobile service units equipped with portable equipment for on-site document processing at disaster locations. Since its implementation, the program has served 2,847 disaster victims from various incidents, including floods, fires, and landslides. The innovation demonstrates strong characteristics of novelty in service delivery approach, significant improvement in service accessibility, and positive impact on community resilience. This study recommends strengthening coordination with disaster management agencies, expanding mobile unit capacity, developing integrated database systems, and replicating the model to other regions.

Health issues related to free radicals remain a serious concern in Indonesia as they can trigger oxidative stress and degenerative diseases. Red ginger (Alpinia purpurata) is a rhizome plant with potential as a source of natural antioxidants due to its secondary metabolite content; however, its effectiveness is highly influenced by extraction techniques. Although numerous experimental studies have been conducted, a systematic research mapping on this topic is still lacking. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications regarding the antioxidant potential of red ginger, focusing on extraction techniques and free radical scavenging activity. The research method employs a quantitative analysis using data sourced from the Scopus database for the 2015–2025 period. Through specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 38 relevant articles were obtained and analyzed using VOSviewer 1.6.20 software. The results indicate that publication trends have fluctuated, reaching a peak in 2024. Research distribution is dominated by Asian countries, with India, Thailand, and Indonesia as the primary contributors. Network visualization reveals three main clusters focusing on bioactivity, phytochemistry, chemical analysis, antimicrobial activity, and extraction techniques. A research gap was identified for the Alpinia purpurata species compared to Alpinia galanga, as well as opportunities for developing advanced instruments such as LC-MS and other complex analytical techniques. The implications of this study highlight the need for further exploration into 'nanoemulsion' and 'green extraction' to enhance the bioavailability of red ginger's antioxidant compounds in the development of future innovative pharmaceutical products

Postoperative pain is a prevalent condition encountered by patients after surgical interventions and may negatively influence physical recovery as well as psychological well-being when inadequately managed. Conventional pain management strategies that primarily depend on pharmacological agents may lead to undesirable side effects, thereby emphasizing the importance of complementary non-pharmacological approaches. One intervention increasingly applied in nursing care is guided imagery. This review aimed to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of guided imagery in alleviating pain intensity among postoperative patients. A scoping review methodology was employed, with article identification guided by the PICO framework across national and international academic databases. Eligible studies included full-text research articles published within the past five years, written in either Indonesian or English, and specifically examining the use of guided imagery in postoperative settings. A total of ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to in-depth analysis. The results consistently demonstrated a significant reduction in pain intensity following the implementation of guided imagery across various surgical procedures, including cesarean delivery, appendectomy, fracture surgery, cholelithiasis, and abdominal operations. The intervention, delivered for 10–20 minutes per session, effectively reduced pain levels from moderate to severe to mild, with statistically significant outcomes (p < 0.05). Moreover, guided imagery was found to enhance patient relaxation, comfort, and psychological stability. These findings indicate that guided imagery represents a safe and effective non-pharmacological nursing intervention that can be integrated into evidence-based postoperative pain management.  

The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been increasing among various age groups, including children and adults. UPF is generally low in iron content and can interfere with iron bioavailability, thereby increasing the risk of anemia. Additionally, the high calorie content of UPF contributes to the development of degenerative diseases. This study aims to analyze the relationship between UPF consumption, iron intake, and the risk of anemia. The study employs a narrative review method. Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases, using controlled terms. The results showed that high UPF consumption had a negative impact on iron intake and increased the risk of anemia. Similar effects were found in high fat and sodium consumption. Some studies showed varying results regarding protein intake, fiber, and micronutrients such as sodium and calcium. In general, it can be concluded that excessive UPF consumption negatively impacts the quality of nutrient intake, both macro and micro, and contributes to the occurrence of anemia. These findings highlight the need for public health strategies to limit UPF consumption, particularly among vulnerable populations, as a preventive effort against anemia.

Hypertension is a chronic condition that requires long-term management due to its strong association with an increased risk of serious complications when blood pressure is not adequately controlled. One of the key factors influencing the success of hypertension management is patient adherence to antihypertensive medication. However, suboptimal adherence remains a common problem and may lead to poor therapeutic outcomes. This literature review aimed to examine the relationship between adherence to antihypertensive medication and blood pressure control among patients with hypertension. A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases with relevant keywords combined through Boolean operators. The selected articles were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, including original research articles published within the last ten years, accessible in full text, and addressing the association between medication adherence and blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The findings of the reviewed studies indicate that most articles reported a significant relationship between medication adherence and blood pressure levels. Patients with higher adherence to antihypertensive therapy tended to achieve better blood pressure control compared to those with lower adherence. Although variations in the strength of the reported associations were observed across studies, the overall direction of the relationship was consistent. These results suggest that adherence to antihypertensive medication plays an essential role in achieving optimal blood pressure control. Therefore, this review highlights the importance of continuous efforts to improve patient adherence as part of effective hypertension management strategies aimed at reducing the risk of long-term complications.

This research aims to analyze the strategies for increasing Local Own-Source Revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah/PAD) implemented by the Regional Revenue Agency (Badan Pendapatan Daerah/Bapenda) of Surabaya City. As the second largest city in Indonesia and the capital of East Java Province, Surabaya has significant potential for local revenue that needs to be optimized to support regional development. Using SWOT analysis framework and strategic management theory from David, this study examines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in PAD management, as well as the strategies formulated and implemented to increase revenue. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach with data collection through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation study at Bapenda Surabaya City during June-August 2025. Informants include agency leaders, division heads, tax and retribution collectors, and taxpayers. The results indicate that Surabaya City has successfully increased its PAD from Rp 5.2 trillion in 2022 to Rp 6.8 trillion in 2024, representing a 31% growth. Key strategies implemented include digital transformation of tax services through e-tax system, intensification of existing tax sources, extensification through identification of new taxpayers, improvement of taxpayer compliance through education and enforcement, and inter-agency collaboration for data integration. The study identifies several challenges including tax evasion, outdated property valuations, and limited human resources. This research recommends strengthening digital infrastructure, updating tax object databases, enhancing taxpayer awareness programs, improving coordination with central government, and developing performance-based incentive systems for revenue collectors.

Skin is the body's outermost organ, enveloping all parts of the human body. When the water content in the stratum corneum (SC) drops below 10%, the skin can become scaly, rough, and dry. Honey possesses humectant, emollient, and antioxidant properties, making it an effective moisturizer. The humectant properties of honey stem from its high sugar content, particularly glucose and fructose. These  sugars form hydrogen bonds with water, helping to retain moisture in the skin and thus providing a hydrating effect. Additionally, honey contains vitamin C, alpha hydroxy acids, and flavonoids, which contribute to the elasticity and firmness of the skin. Therefore, it is important to conduct a narrative review on the use of honey as a moisturizer in topical preparations, which can serve as a reference for future research. The literature search for this review was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, Garuda Journal, MDPI, ResearchGate, and Publish or Perish, employing specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings concluded that honey can be used as a moisturizer in various dosage forms, including body scrubs, anti-aging and moisturizing creams, serums, peel-off gel masks, lip moisturizers, and lip scrubs. The concentration of honey used in these formulations depends on the dosage form, its intended function in the formula (whether as an active substance, humectant, or emollient), and the comparison of honey concentration with other ingredients.

This study reviews the implementation of Content and Language Learning (CLIL) in Indonesia senior high school through a systematic review. The review aim to identify research trends, report benefits, and key challenges of CLIL in Indonesia education context. Following the FRISMA guidelines, nine peer-reviewed studies published between 2021 and 2025 were selected from reputable academic databases. The analysis focuses in research design, learning outcomes, and implementation n issues, and it applies the CLIL 4Cs framework—Content, Communication, Cognition, and Culture—as the main analytical lens. The finding indicates that CLIL has appositive impact on student engagement, learning   motivation, and better understanding of content and increased confidence in using English in academic context. CLIL also support active learning and encourages higher-order thinking skills. However, the review reveal several challenges that limit effective implementation. These include limited teacher readiness, insufficient English proficiency among teachers and students, lack of collaboration between subject teachers and English teachers, nd difficulties is assessing content and language learning simultaneously. Analysis the 4Cs framework show that Content and Communication are the most emphasized componet in current CLIL practices, while Cognition receives moderate attention and culture is rarely adressed explicitly. The study concludes that although CLIL is feasible and beneficialfor Indonesia senior high schools, its long-term succes depend on continues teacher professiional development, stronger institutional support, and clearer integration within the Merdeka Curriculum. Theis review provide useful insights for educators, researcher, and policemakers to improve bilingual and CLIL-based instruction in Indonesia.

The increasing need for insulation in electric power systems encourages the discovery of high-performance and sustainable dielectric materials. This study presents a Literature Review of biomass-based composite insulator research from 2018-2025 to synthesize the effect of filler type and treatment on the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of polymer composites. Literature was analyzed from reputable databases with inclusion criteria, and thematic analysis data extraction. Processing methods generally include washing, acid/alkali treatment, calcination, and advanced production techniques such as sol-gel and ultrasonication, integration of biomass fillers especially at low fractions (3-7%). The results show 1) the dominance of the use of rice husk as a source of biosilica for the main matrix filler of the insulator. 2) the performance of biomass composite insulators is highly dependent on the quality of purification, particle size, and surface modification of the filler. 3) there is a significant increase in the insulator's breakdown strength, resistivity, and thermal stability with the addition of biomass fillers to the main matrix. 4) the long-term stability of biomass materials against humidity and thermal aging has not been evaluated in depth.  

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection that requires appropriate antibiotic management to prevent complications and antimicrobial resistance. Ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin are commonly used antibiotics with different clinical indications in UTI treatment. This literature review aims to compare the role of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin in the management of urinary tract infections. A narrative literature review was conducted using articles published within the last ten years from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. The review focuses on clinical effectiveness, resistance patterns, and therapeutic considerations. The findings indicate that ceftriaxone is primarily used in moderate to severe or complicated UTIs, particularly in hospitalized patients, whereas ciprofloxacin is more frequently used in uncomplicated UTIs in outpatient settings. However, increasing bacterial resistance and safety concerns limit the empirical use of ciprofloxacin. These findings emphasize the importance of rational antibiotic selection based on clinical conditions and local resistance patterns.  

Posyandu (Integrated Health Post) is a community based health center that demonstrates community participation in health development. Posyandu provides a variety of integrated services, including family planning, maternal and child health (MCH), nutrition, immunization, and diarrhea management, all implemented simultaneously. Posyandu is also included in the Community-Based Health Efforts (UKBM) and is part of the Village Public Health Institution's activities. This study aims to analyze factors influencing mothers' visits to Posyandu by toddlers. The research method used was a literature review, examining ten relevant scientific articles. The article search was conducted through Google Scholar and Garuda databases, with the inclusion criteria being Indonesian-language articles published within the last five years (2021–2025). The study results indicate that factors influencing mothers' visits to Posyandu include knowledge, attitudes, education, employment, family support, the role of cadres, and access to health services. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening the role of cadres and family support in increasing Posyandu visits.

Tax compliance is a crucial element in supporting state revenue and reflects the integrity of the public bureaucracy. However, the level of tax compliance among State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in Indonesia still faces various challenges. To date, the literature on ASN tax compliance tends to be partial and does not provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of theories and emerging methodological trends. This study aims to map the development of research related to ASN tax compliance in Indonesia during the 2020–2024 period through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. This study analyzed ten scientific articles obtained from national academic databases, focusing on the variables, theories, and methods used in previous research. The analysis was conducted qualitatively and descriptively to identify patterns of findings and research gaps. The study results indicate that ASN tax compliance is influenced by factors such as tax knowledge, sanctions, awareness, trust, institutional factors, and digital technology. This study contributes by developing a research map that integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior and Institutional Trust Theory as a basis for fiscal policy for ASN. These results provide a basis for the government to design more effective tax policies and training.