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The constitution in a country, including Indonesia, is the source and basis making rules that have main principles, such as the rights and obligations of citizens. Human rigidity is the basis inherent in men as a gift from God, while the rights and obligations of citizens are a gift from the state. These are both concepts included in the second amendment to the 1945 Constitution, and cannot even be separated from each other because the two have a close relationship. The rights and obligations of citizens are an essential requirement of state legal democracy and must be implemented by people or citizens. Therefore, conceptual and strategic steps are needed so that the life of the nation and state becomes correct and fair under the auspices of the laws of a democratic country.

This journal discusses a review of previous research on the income tax payments for citizens traveling abroad. This payment is in the form of prepayment of income tax and can be accessed by individuals who are more than 21 years old with appropriate income. The main focus of this study is to analyze the prevailing tax regulations in Indonesia and international tax treaties. This journal is a literacy that aims to understand the procedures for tax payment, payment exemptions, and management of income tax administration for domestic individual taxpayers who will travel abroad.

Migration has been a significant social phenomenon since ancient times, evidenced by ancient humans migrating from Africa to other continents. Today, Ethiopia faces increased international emigration due to various conflicts, prompting many to seek better opportunities in Saudi Arabia. However, this migration process often entails serious risks to individuals' security and well-being, particularly concerning human rights violations. This paper examines these issues through the lens of human security, emphasizing the protection of migrants' physical safety, freedom from violence and exploitation, access to basic needs, and the preservation of human dignity.

In the recesses of the Palestine-Israel conflict which continues to metamorphose, the Intifada movement has become a symbol of resistance to occupation and oppression which curbs the aspirations of the Palestinian people. However, in this era of increasingly connected globalization, the dynamics of this movement are experiencing a significant transformation, which challenges traditional paradigms and brings new challenges that affect both parties. With major challenges such as perceived injustice and political instability, resolving this conflict has the potential to reduce extremism and increase stability in the Middle East, so this study will explore how the Palestinian Intifada influenced conflict resolution efforts with the aim of understanding the essence of the Intifada movement which is often seen as a form of extremism and radicalization, and this study will also explore the transformation of the Palestinian Intifada into a global phenomenon, considering its impact on conflict dynamics and practical approaches to achieving sustainable and stable peace in the region.    

Sikap bela negara merupakan sebuah tekad dan kesediaan yang diperlukan setiap warga negara untuk berbakti kepada bangsa dan negara. Masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya generasi muda perlu untuk selalu menanamkan nilai-nilai dasar bela negara, meliputi rasa cinta tanah air, sadar berbangsa dan bernegara, setia kepada pancasila sebagai ideologi negara dan pandangan hidup bangsa, rela berkorban, serta memiliki kemampuan awal bela negara. Namun seiring berkembangnya zaman, terjadi krisis kesadaran bela negara pada generasi muda dikarenakan degradasi moral akibat 4 dosa pendidikan yang meliputi perundungan, kekerasan seksual, intoleransi, dan korupsi. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode narrative literature review yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan sumber yang relevan dengan topik dan membuat kesimpulan mengenai cara mewujudkan sikap bela negara pada generasi muda dengan menghindari 4 dosa pendidikan. Dari kajian yang telah dilakukan, menghindari 4 dosa pendidikan tersebut, dapat membantu mewujudkan masyarakat Indonesia terutama pada generasi muda agar memiliki kesadaran bela negara yang dicerminkan pada sikap dan perilakunya dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Generasi muda juga harus dapat memenuhi perannya sebagai Agent of change, Guardian of value, Iron stock, Social control, dan Moral force dengan cara menghindari 4 dosa pendidikan, sehingga kesadaran bela negara pada generasi muda dapat meningkat, serta menjadi generasi emas yang dapat mempertahankan bangsa dan negara.

The phenomenon of globalization has transformed the world's landscape, connecting nations, and inspiring the concept of Special Economic Zones (SEZs). The utilization of Foreign National Health Workers (FHNWs) has become a strategy to address the shortage of medical personnel and enhance healthcare services, particularly in remote regions. However, the implementation of this policy also faces several ethical, cultural, and linguistic challenges. The ethical aspect takes center stage in the utilization of FHNWs. Patient rights, professionalism, and cross-cultural collaboration are crucial focal points in healthcare service practices. Despite its benefits, the utilization of FHNWs encounters communication hurdles, especially when the employed language is unfamiliar. Additionally, the integration of local cultural values becomes a pivotal aspect in delivering sensitive and patient-centered care. This paper analyzes policy documents related to the utilization of Foreign National Health Workers (FHNWs) in Indonesia through normative and predictive approaches. The objective is to comprehend the concepts and regulatory implementations concerning the ethics of FHNW utilization within the context of Indonesian healthcare services. The phenomena of globalization and efforts to expedite economic growth through Special Economic Zones (SEZs) have influenced these policies. The analysis involves various policy documents relevant to FHNW utilization. In facing the ethical dilemmas arising in the practice of healthcare services by foreign medical personnel, it is imperative for them to adapt to the local culture without compromising the principles of medical ethics. Moreover, competition within the job market and cultural disparities between foreign and local medical personnel also present challenges that need to be addressed. In dealing with competition, a holistic approach involving the government, relevant institutions, and professional training for local medical personnel is required. Overall, the utilization of FHNWs holds potential benefits in addressing medical workforce shortages and enhancing healthcare access. However, this utilization must be carried out with ethical responsibility, respecting patient rights, and considering cultural and professional aspects. With a prudent approach, the utilization of FHNWs can contribute to improving the quality of healthcare services and the well-being of local medical personnel, in line with ethical principles and national interests.    

Medical Aesthetic Tourism shows significant growth in recent years. A study on its law protection should be conducted more in-depth to enable this trend to give the feeling of secure to its actors. This article aimed to study and to analyze Law Protection of Medical Aesthetic Tourism. This study was a doctrinal research referring to primary, secondary and tertiary data sources, with interactive technique of analyzing data. The result showed the Law Protection of Medical Aesthetic Tourism related to medical service standardization, product security standard, insurance, medical risk litigation during action and treatment. This law protection is studied from the perspective of Pancasila and Republic of Indonesia’s 1945 Constitution, and related international law. This narrative literature review focused on the problem of law protection for the tourists getting Medical Aesthetic Tourism treatment abroad.

One important aspect in the orderly and orderly administration of government is population administration. However, there are still problems related to irregularities in population administration, such as the existence of population documents that are incomplete or do not correspond to actual current conditions. To overcome this, the Population and Civil Registration Service of the City of Surabaya created an innovative Kalimasada Program (Environmentally Aware Population Administration Area). Medokan Semampir Subdistrict is participating in implementing the Kalimasada program which aims to improve the quality of population administration services and create an orderly population administration for citizens. This program involves outreach activities, data collection, population administration services, field surveys, as well as evaluation and monitoring. The results of the Kalimasada program in Medokan Semampir Subdistrict include increasing public awareness, updating population data, increasing the number of ownership of population documents, improving the quality of population administration services, and active community involvement. Thus, the Kalimasada program has proven to be effective in realizing orderly population administration in Medokan Semampir Village.

This practice focuses on intervention with a 42-year-old female prisoner with a drug recidivism case, specifically related to her role as a courier delivering methamphetamine. Using the mezzo intervention method introduced by Zastrow, this practice applied a social work approach with family case work methods and utilized psychodynamic models. This approach aimed to create hope and facilitate effective rehabilitation for the prisoner. The results of the practice showed that with appropriate interventions, there were improvements in emotional and behavioral aspects that could support the social reintegration process. A holistic and structured approach through family case work and in-depth understanding through the psychodynamic model played an important role in the treatment of this drug recidivist case. This finding confirms the importance of comprehensive and personalized intervention strategies in addressing drug recidivism, particularly among female prisoners.

Pendampingan dan edukasi Program Penurunan Stunting Berbasis Masyarakat di Kelurahan  Ngadirgo   melalui kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bertujuan  melaksanakan edukasi  keluarga dalam pemahaman kelas ibu hamil, sosialisasi penerapan MP-ASI, penjaringan balita stunting,  pemberian makanan  tambahan  digelorakan di  masyarakat melalui pengembangan swadaya masyarakat serta pemberdayaan Kader Kesehatan dan Posyandu ditingkat rukun warga dan kelurahan agar dimasa mendatang semakin baik.

This community service was carried out in Sumbersari Hamlet, Mojojajar Village, Kemlagi District, Mojokerto Regency, with the aim of increasing the community's knowledge and skills in cultivating grass jelly plants to boost their economy. Community service activities last for 3 months and use counseling and mentoring methods. Counseling is carried out by providing material about the cultivation of grass jelly plants, including planting, maintenance and harvesting techniques to converting them into economically valuable products such as grass jelly ice and organic fertilizer from grass jelly waste. Mentoring is carried out by helping the community apply the material that has been presented in the counseling. The results of community service show a significant increase in community knowledge and skills in cultivating grass jelly plants after participating in counseling and mentoring. This is proven by the increasing number of participants who succeeded in harvesting grass jelly and their harvests. This increase also has a positive impact on the economy of the people of Sumbersari Hamlet, as can be seen from the increase in their average monthly income. The success of this community service shows that grass jelly cultivation can be a promising business alternative to improve the economy of rural communities. This community service program can be replicated in other areas with similar conditions.

In the context of globalization and evolving social change, the role of students in creating a balance of rights and obligations of citizens and building a just society is becoming increasingly important. This study uses a qualitative method with a questionnaire as a data collection tool to explore students' views and practices related to their rights and obligations as citizens. Through the analysis of data obtained from respondents, this study aims to identify factors that influence the role of university students in creating a just and equitable society. The results show that students have great potential as agents of change in society. With their higher education and knowledge, students are able to influence positive changes in achieving a balance of rights and obligations of citizens. Students' active participation through social movements, advocacy activities, and civic education in higher education can help create a more just and equitable society. This research is expected to provide in-depth insight into how students can effectively become agents of change in building a more just and equitable society.

Provisions that protect human freedom in the continuation of their lives, as well as obtaining adequate housing, especially in maintaining what has belonged to them from the start. In the case of residential evictions in the Kampung Bayam area, legal protection for human rights has not been realized to date. The evictions carried out by the DKI Jakarta Government were carried out arbitrarily without considering the impact on residents who lost their homes and also as a form of deprivation of the economic, social and cultural (ekosob) rights of the people of Kampung Bayam. Apart from that, until now too There is no real effort yet to be seen from the government to try to restore the housing rights of the residents of Kampung Bayam. Moreover, Indonesia is a country based on the supremacy of law, which means that Indonesia should make protection and respect for human rights its main focus.

Keberagaman kepercayaan, agama, atau keyakinan yang ada di Indonesia merupakan salah satu keragaman yang juga menuai banyak perbedaan di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis secara komprehensif terkait pengaturan dan keabsahan perkawinan beda agama oleh warga negara Indonesia yang dilakukan di luar negeri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa Pasal 2 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 menyatakan bahwa suatu perkawinan adalah sah apabila dilakukan menurut hukum agama dan kepercayaan masing-masing. Namun, untuk menghindari ketentuan tersebut, beberapa pasangan beda agama memilih untuk menikah di luar negeri melalui pencurian hukum agar pernikahan mereka diakui secara hukum. Pernikahan harus dilakukan sesuai dengan hukum agama masing-masing, tidak ada pernikahan di bawah tangan yang diperbolehkan. Hukum juga menjelaskan bahwa tidak ada pernikahan di luar hukum agama dan kepercayaan masing-masing. Oleh karena itu, umat Islam, Kristen, Hindu, atau Buddha tidak boleh melanggar hukum agama mereka sendiri dalam melangsungkan pernikahan. Namun, perkawinan campuran yang disebabkan oleh perbedaan kewarganegaraan dapat dilakukan sesuai dengan Pasal 57 UU No. 1 Tahun 1974, asalkan bukan karena perbedaan agama atau kepercayaan. Jika ada pasangan yang berbeda agama dan ingin menikah, mereka dapat melakukannya di luar negeri. Pernikahan beda agama yang dilakukan di luar negeri termasuk dalam ranah Hukum Perdata Internasional.

This research aims to describe the role of tutors in increasing the reading interest of residents studying the Package B program at the Class II A Correctional Institution in Samarinda. The subject of this research was obtained from the results of data collection in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. This research uses descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. Data sources in this research include the PKBM chairman, tutors, and students studying at the Class II A Correctional Institution. The research location is on Jl. General Sudirman No. 15, Pasar Pagi Village, Samarinda Kota District. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques in this research use data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Triangulation was carried out to explain the validity of the data using source interviews and techniques. The results of the research show that: The role of tutors in increasing the reading interest of learning residents in the package B equality education program at the Class II A Correctional Institution for Learning Residents has fulfilled its role as seen from how the role of the teaching staff or tutor carries out its 4 roles, namely as informator, facilitator, motivator , and evaluators.

This research aims to examine residents' perceptions of the influence of location and price on purchasing decisions at Indomaret, Purwobinangun Village, Langkat Regency. The background to this research is based on the phenomenon of the increasing number of modern retail outlets penetrating rural areas, which were previously dominated by traditional markets. The presence of Indomaret as the only modern retail in this area creates challenges for local stalls and creates differences in prices and ease of access for consumers. The research used a qualitative descriptive approach with an interview method with residents of Purwobinangun Village and its surroundings as informants. The research results show that even though Indomaret's location is far from the city center, local people feel that the location is strategic because it is close to their settlements and easy to access. Apart from that, the price difference with local shops is considered reasonable, and promotions held by Indomaret increasingly attract consumers to shop. In conclusion, location and price factors at Indomaret play a significant role in influencing village community purchasing decisions. This research is important to understand the adaptation of village communities to modern retail and apply it to local market development.

In legislative negotiations, the position of the constitutional court is quite high. The constitutional court can change laws that conflict with the constitution by declaring that the law does not have binding legal force. And also the decision of the Constitutional Court is final and binding. So any decision of the constitutional court cannot be contested, even by the MKMK because the decision that has been determined is a permanent decision. So this journal was created to focus on the Constitutional Court decision No.90/PUU-XXI/2023 in the context of Protection of Citizens' Constitutional Rights and Human Rights. This research method is focused on the literature case study method and analysis of previous documents related to the title of this research. Because the Constitutional Court Decision No.90/PUU-XXI/2023 is a quite complex problem for people who do not agree with the decision and question whether the decision can be an effort to protect the constitutional rights of citizenship and human rights.

The definition of rights according to KBBI (Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia) is as authority, power to do (because it has been determined by certain laws or rules), and the right power to do something or demand something. The definition of rights in general is everything that is given to certain parties in certain situations... While according to the KBBI (Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia) obligation is (something) that must be done; must. These two concepts are very important for the life of the community, nation and state. The constitution in every country, including Indonesia, functions as a positive legal basis that regulates the rights and obligations of its citizens. The state grants rights to its citizens and citizens carry out and fulfill their obligations in the state. This journal will discuss the rights and obligations of citizens in the constitutional law system, as well as how they relate to and impact on society.

This research aims to determine and analyze the urgency of Sirekap in calculating alternatives for 2024 election and the problems in recapitulating votes for the 2024 election using Sirekap and also how to solve the problems in recapitulating votes using Sirekap. This research uses normative juridical research methods, research by browse or ready-to-use document materials. This research uses primary legal materials, namely legal materials originating from statutory regulations, such as Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, PKPU No. 25 Tahun 2023 Tentang Pemungutan dan Perhitungan Suara dalam Pemilihan Umum, but also utilizing secondary legal materials such as relevant journals and books as well as tertiary legal materials in the form of data and facts from the internet. The research results show that the use of Sirekap in the 2024 election is faced with a number of challenges and obstacles that need to be solve. One of the main challenges is data and system hacking, which could threaten the integrity and validity of election results. Apart from that, the lack of transparency in the use of Sirekap is also a major concern. The solution uses a blockchain base that can identify and provide identity security for people who use Sirekap, blockchain technology also provides a high level of security. It is hoped that the application of blockchain technology can be an option for solving various problems, especially in the 2024 election process which is direct, free, confidential, honest and fair. However, implementing blockchain technology for elections requires attention to security, regulatory, operational and broad technology adoption challenges.

The stigma given to drug users will make them tend to act in accordance with what is given to them. Positive stigma has a strong meaning, so it tends to have a positive impact on individuals, while negative stigma is given to someone who is considered to deviate from the norm. Stigma towards drug users will become more complex if the handling is not sustainable and can affect the self-concept of drug users. Therapeutic Community is often referred to as the “community method”. Therapeutic Community members interact in structured and unstructured ways to influence attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors related to drug use. Within the Therapeutic Community there is a group approach that provides help to a number of people deliberately grouped based on the problems that person has, where a group is used as a medium to change a behavior.