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Every day, humans are involved in communication using language. During the communication process, everyone in language is always related to factors that affect the smoothness of communication. Communication can never be separated from the name of speech acts, and to state something is called locutionary speech acts. The purpose of this study is to investigate the various locutionary speech acts contained in the narrative excerpts of historical novels contained in Indonesian language textbooks intended for Class XII Curriculum 2013. The research method used is a descriptive approach with qualitative analysis. The data used are narrative excerpts of historical novels from Indonesian language textbooks intended for grade XII students. Among the identified locutionary speech acts, statement speech acts are the most frequently used, with command speech acts and question speech acts also present. Through this research, a deeper understanding of the use of locutionary speech acts in narrative excerpts of historical novels contained in Indonesian language textbooks for class XII of the 2013 curriculum is obtained. This study are expected to serve as a guideline for developing Indonesian teaching materials that are more effective and relevant.

Pragmatics is a language study that examines the speaker's intentions. If someone speaks positive speech, the speaker can also have a positive impact on what the speaker conveys, and vice versa. Speech acts have many types, one of which is directive and expressive speech acts. Directive speech acts are speech acts that can cause the speaker to carry out commands or directions from the speaker. These speech acts are also called impositive speech acts. Expressive speech acts are speech acts that express an action or psychological statement from the speaker, which can be in the form of joy, likes or dislikes, and sadness. The aim of this research is to describe directive speech acts and expressive speech acts, to know the functional categories of directive speech acts and expressive speech acts, to make it easier to understand the expressed and implied meaning, to know the difference between directive speech acts and expressive speech acts in book lecture texts. Indonesian language class In the Lecture Texts in the 2013 High School Class 11 Indonesian Language Teaching Material Book, the 2013 Curriculum is dominated by the type of directive speech acts (TTD), totaling 17 speech acts, and expressive speech acts (TTE), totaling 16 speech acts. This research is useful as learning material in the scientific field and also as a forum so that students can easily grasp and understand the meaning and meaning conveyed in a writing by the author and are able to hone their skills in analyzing directive speech acts and expressive speech acts.

The study aims to explain forms of speech and hypnosis in a TV show "reports Sir! An episode of "ganjar pranowo" interrogation. The research method used in this study is a qualitative type of descriptive method. Data was generated via both the speech of the lokusi and the illegation described by the players. The research data source is a sentence or a dialogue told by a TV performer. The data-gathering techniques of this research are using wiretapping techniques. The study obtained as many as 5 known force-of-speech data and 3 self-contained, reflective, commissar, expressive, and declarative ative data of the study. Researchers have concluded that the most powerful types of speech speech have occurred in the study as types of expressive speech.  

The study which is based on the instructive statement in the film "Gundala" by Joko Anwar seems to focus on the analysis of directive speech acts. Tells the journey of an orphan named Sancaka who later becomes a superhero. In the analysis of directive speech acts, imi studies explain the form and function of these speech acts in the context of the film. Qualitative descriptive research method. The data collection technique used is free and interesting listening, which may refer to observation and analysis of dialogue texts in films. The results of this study seem to have identified forms of directive speech acts that exist in the film "Gundala," including ordering, advising, requesting, inviting, criticizing, and prohibiting. Apart from that, this study also tries to explain the various functions of directive speech acts, such as commands, requests, forcing, advice, suggestions, prohibitions, blocking, inviting, requesting, and reprimanding.

Humans use language as a means of communication. When communicating, speakers should use polite language because with polite language, speakers will maintain their dignity and respect their interlocutor. Apart from being an entertaining spectacle, films can also be used as a medium for learning and disseminating information today. This research aims to describe forms of compliance and violation of politeness principles in the film Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap directed by Bene Dion Rajagukguk. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with the aim of explaining the forms of compliance and violation of Leech's (1993) politeness principles in the film Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap. The data collection method used in this research uses the note-taking technique. The listening method is done by watching or listening to the speech of the characters in the film and then using note-taking techniques as a continuation. The data obtained is described and determined whether it constitutes compliance or a violation of politeness. The results of the research show that there is compliance with the principles of politeness in the film Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap, amounting to 20 data consisting of 1 utterance of the maxim of wisdom, 3 utterances of the maxim of generosity, 8 utterances of the maxim of praise, 1 utterance of the maxim of simplicity, 2 utterances of the maxim of agreement and 5 utterances of the maxim of sympathy . Apart from compliance, there were also violations of politeness principles, totaling 12 pieces of data consisting of 1 utterance of the maxim of generosity, 1 utterance of the maxim of praise, 2 utterances of the maxim of simplicity, 7 utterances of the maxim of agreement, and 1 utterance of the maxim of sympathy.

Flouting maxim is one of flout language kinds that usually happened in social community. The aim of this research is to find out the kinds of flouting maxim usage in komedi moderen gokil. This research uses qualitative method due to analyze data does not statistic but words description. In data collection, researcher uses primary and secondary data. Researcher uses observation method. According to Sudaryanto (1998:33) observation method is the same as simak method. The technique used is simak bebas libat cakap. In analyzing data, the researcher uses padan technique. The researcher found 20 data that are classified into four kinds of flouting maxim in comedi moderen gokil movie. They are flouting maxim quality, flouting maxim quantity, flouting maxim relevant and flouting maxim manner. Researcher found that the most flouting maxim used is flouting maxim of relevant and the most rarely used is flouting maxim of manner. Beside, the researcher found the domain language of flouting maxim in comedi moderen gokil movie namely domain working, domain family, domain holiday and domain dance place.

Language is the most important means of communication. Language also has scientific value, one of the studies of linguistics or linguistics is pragmatics. The discussion of pragmatics examines deixis, where a word has a meaning to refer to the meaning of something that has existed before. Deixis is a phenomenon in which contextual information is identified by lexical forms or grammatical distinctions, information that becomes clear only when linked to context. Phenomena involving phrases that cannot be separated from their context are called deictic expressions. Meanwhile, several linguistic forms used to indicate something are called deictic. Al-Qur'an is a book that contains a very deep meaning and has even been studied further. Based on semantic studies, the Qur'an contains words that are full of meaning. In this context, the researcher conducted his research on Surah Al Waqi'ah and focused on the study of time and space deixis. 

Language is a tool used by humans in communicating. The theory of language develops and becomes the talk of experts. Pragmatics, as a linguistic discipline, has clear differences from other linguistic disciplines, both in terms of terminology and research focus. Pragmatics focuses on the goals that speakers want to achieve through their communication. Pragmatics has another derivative, one of which exists. The research entitled “Analysis of Diexis in Writing Opinion Columns on the Mojok.co Site aims to analyze the use of diexist in the form of persona diexist, place or space diexist, time diexist and discourse diexist. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The data collection technique used in this study was reading and taking notes. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there is the use of persona diexis, place or space diexis, time diexis and discourse diexis in writing uploaded in the Opinion Column of Mojok.co

The background of this study is the interest to study further about compliance with politeness in the maxim of respect and the maxim of modesty in the Tonight Show program on NET TV based on Leech's theory. The method used in this article is descriptive qualitative method. The problem discussed in this article is the form of compliance with politeness in the maxim of appreciation on the Tonight Show program on NET TV based on Leech's theory. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of compliance with politeness in respect maxims based on Leech's theory. The benefit of this study is for pragmatics and theoretical studies regarding language politeness through television media. Based on the results of the discussion, it was found that there were several and included in compliance with the maxim of respect and the maxim of moderation. The entire data collected is based on the amount of data, namely one maxim of respect and one maxim of modesty.

The language and context of speech cannot be separated from each other, the two intertwine in tandem and complement each other. The communication process uses language as a medium for conveying its message. Communicators (speakers), communicants (speakers), messages, and speech situations are necessary parts of communication that are expected to be smooth communication and the delivery of messages. The delivery of the message by the speaker becomes hampered when there is a misalignment of understanding received by the speaker. This is what pragmatics is trying to interpret. Pragmatics is the study of the relationship of language to its context. In a comprehensive understanding of language in communication will give birth to language functions that ultimately form a strong language character. It is presented in the article on speech acts and implicature in the use of language.   

Speech act is one of the analyzes of pragmatic studies that examines language and relates to aspects of its actual use. One type of speech act is illocutionary speech act. There are many kinds that can be studied using illocutionary speech acts, one of which is speech acts in films. The background of this research is because the film Mariposa by Alim Sudio found many sentences or utterances that refer to the type of illocutionary speech act. This study aims to analyze and describe the types and forms of illocutionary speech acts that exist in the speech of the characters in the Mariposa film. The research method in this study used a pragmatic and qualitative research form. Based on data analysis, it was found that in Alim Sudio's Mariposa film there are 50 illocutionary speech acts which include representative speech acts, directive speech acts, expressive or evaluative speech acts, commissive speech acts, and declaration speech acts. The representative speech acts in Alim Sudio's Mariposa film consist of fifteen utterances. There are sixteen directive speech acts in Alim Sudio's Mariposa film. There are eleven expressive or evaluative speech acts in the Mariposa film by Alim Sudio. There are four commissive speech acts in Alim Sudio's Mariposa film. There are four speech acts of declaration in Alim Sudio's Mariposa film. Then, the benefits of research on illocutionary speech acts in Alim Sudio's film Mariposa are to have a critical understanding, broaden horizons, increase knowledge and knowledge from analyzing illocutionary speech acts through films.

Deixis is a pragmatic study that examines the relationship between the structure of language and the environment in which the language is used. The phenomenon of deixis or use is most often seen in everyday conversation in the form of verbal language. Deixis is also found in the conversation of characters or figures in literary works such as films. The study entitled "Deixis in the Film Bumi dan Manusia by Hanung Bramantyo" examines the use of deixis in the film directed by Hanung Bramantyo with the title "Earth and Man". Persona, time, place, social, and discourse deixis are the five categories of deixis studied in this study. Researchers used analytical methods in the form of pragmatics with qualitative techniques to analyze the data that had been collected. The data used in this study include fragments of speech from film conversations, both words and phrases containing deixis, including personal deixis, time deixis, location deixis, social deixis, and discourse deixis. Watching movies, capturing data, recognizing, categorizing, analyzing, formulating, and presenting data are the stages of analyzing in this research. Data analysis illustrates that the film directed by Hanung Bramantyo with the title "Bumi dan Manusia" has a deixis in the form of person, time, place, social, and discourse.