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Pneumonia remains one of the leading causes of mortality among children under five years old worldwide. Population density is presumed to be one of the factors influencing pneumonia incidence, particularly in regions with high population growth and mobility, such as Bali Province. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between population density and pneumonia incidence among under-five children in Bali Province during the 2021–2023 period. This research was a descriptive quantitative study with a correlational design. Data on population density and under-five pneumonia cases were obtained from reports by the Bali Provincial Health Office and the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). Spatial visualization was performed using Epi Map version 7.2.5.0, and correlation analysis was conducted using R Studio. Descriptive analysis showed an increase in both population density and the number of under-five pneumonia cases in Bali Province during 2021–2023. Population density rose from 11,641 people/km² to 12,096 people/km², while pneumonia cases increased from 2,677 to 5,743. However, Spearman correlation analysis indicated no statistically significant relationship between population density and pneumonia incidence, with rho values of 0.5667 and p-values of 0.1206 for 2021 and 2022, and a rho of 0.2333 with a p-value of 0.5517 in 2023 (p > 0.05). No significant relationship was found between population density and pneumonia incidence among children under five in Bali Province.

The high birth rate is one of the big challenges for the State of Indonesia in the family planning program that is recommended to control population growth, including the application of the Long-Term Contraceptive Method (MKJP) (BKKBN, 2016). In 2023, the total population of Indonesia is 278.8 million people. This number increased by 1.1% compared to 2022 which was 275.5 million people. In Central Kalimantan, in 2023, there will be 327,182 couples of childbearing age (PUS), then 244,374 active family planning (PA) users and 902 new contraceptive devices (PB).. East Kotawaringin Regency itself recorded the most active family planning participants in injectable birth control (82.0%), pills (13.7%), implants (2.9%), condoms (0.3%), AKDR (0.6%), MOP contraception (0.2%), and MOW (0.3%), recorded participants who use MKJP in Kotim only (4%) of the total number of family planning participants (Kotim Health Profile, 2022). Some of the factors that cause the low selection of MKJP include individual perception, husband support, knowledge, education, work and attitude. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the source of information on couples of childbearing age and the selection of long-term contraception at the Baamang 2 Sampit Health Center in 2024. A type of quantitative analytical research with a cross-sectional research design.The population in the study was all family planning acceptors at the Baamang 2 Sampit Health Center. The sample in this study was by accidental sampling technique and a sample of 37 people was obtained. The statistical test of this study is the chi-square test. The results of univariate analysis from 37 people mostly obtained direct sources of information as many as 23 people (62.2%), the majority of those who used Non-MKJP family planning as many as 24 people (64.9%) and the results of bivariate analysis obtained a ρ value of 0.74. There is no relationship between the source of information on couples of childbearing age and the selection of long-term contraception at the Baamang 2 Sampit Health Center in 2024.    

Population growth in Indonesia increases the need for transportation, especially motorbikes, which makes the vehicle market more competitive and provides consumers with many choices. Consumers choose motorbikes based on price, after-sales service, quality, fuel efficiency and quality of workshop service. Good workshop service with easy administration and original spare parts will make consumers satisfied, while bad service will make them dissatisfied. Service quality is measured by the provider's ability to meet customer expectations, which influences customer satisfaction. Satisfaction is achieved when the results received are in line with expectations, including product quality, price and after-sales service. With the number of Honda motorbikes increasing and the number of AHASS workshops, competition is getting tougher, forcing organizations to provide high-quality services to attract new customers. The research method used was quantitative with a sample size of 291 customer respondents from the PT service workshop. AHASS. The research results show that service quality and price have a positive and significant effect on consumer satisfaction.

Parenting styles are an essential aspect of the development of school-age children, as children tend to adopt and implement behaviors they observe and experience. Therefore, parenting styles play a crucial role and are associated with various aspects of children's growth. One of the most closely related factors to parenting styles is motivation.  This study aims to examine the relationship between parenting styles and students' active engagement in PJOK learning, the relationship between students' motivation and their active engagement in PJOK learning, and the extent to which parenting styles and motivation influence students' active engagement in PJOK learning at SDN 2 Selur. This research employs a correlational design with an ex post facto approach. The population in this study consists of all fifth-grade students. Data on parenting styles, motivation, and students' active engagement were collected through questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis and multiple correlation analysis, with the Pearson product-moment correlation applied as the statistical technique. The results of the study indicate a positive and significant relationship between parenting styles and students' active engagement in PJOK learning, with a correlation coefficient of 0.320. Furthermore, a positive and significant relationship was found between motivation and students' active engagement in PJOK learning, with a correlation coefficient of 0.555. Based on the data analysis, parenting styles and motivation collectively influence students' active engagement by 32.7%..    

Firm value represents the value required by investors to make investment decisions, as reflected in the company's market price. It also represents the growth value for shareholders, which is mirrored in the company's stock market price. Firm value signifies the prosperity of shareholders; when the firm's value is high, shareholder prosperity is also high. The objective of this study is to determine the influence of financing decisions, profitability, solvency, and company size on firm value. The population consists of industrial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with financial statements for the 2019–2023 period. The sample was selected using purposive sampling based on specific criteria, resulting in 41 companies. This study utilizes multiple linear regression analysis, facilitated by the SPSS Version 22 program. The results of this study indicate that funding decisions as measured by the debt to equity ratio have a positive and significant effect on firm value, profitability as measured by return on assets has a positive and significant effect on firm value, solvency as measured by the debt to asset ratio has a negative and significant effect on firm value, and firm size as measured by firmsize has no effect on firm value.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the unemployment rate and population on economic growth in Ringinpitu Village, Tulungagung Regency. The high unemployment rate and the increase in population each year are factors that can affect economic conditions in the region. This study uses a quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis, processed using SPSS software. The results of the study indicate that the unemployment rate has a negative and significant effect on economic growth with a regression coefficient value of -0.283 and a significance value of 0.001 (p <0.05). Meanwhile, the population has a positive and significant effect on economic growth with a regression coefficient of 1.018 and a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.05). The simultaneous test (F test) shows that the unemployment rate and population together have a significant effect on economic growth, with an F-count value of 35.125 and a significance of 0.000 (p <0.05). The Adjusted R² value of 0.621 indicates that 62.1% of the variation in economic growth can be explained by the unemployment rate and population, while 37.9% is influenced by other factors outside this research model. Based on these findings, it is recommended that local governments improve job training programs, create more jobs, and optimize population growth control policies to encourage more stable and sustainable economic growth.

Background: Iron-containing blood-boosting tablet supplements are crucial for meeting micronutrient needs in pregnant women and children. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as iron, have the potential to cause stunting. This supplementation program is expected to improve the nutritional status of the Indonesian population, prevent stunting, and support optimal growth.Objective: This systematic literature review aims to analyze the relationship between iron-boosting tablet supplements in meeting micronutrient needs and preventing stunting in children (toddlers and infants) in Indonesia.Method: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant articles in 3 main databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholars). Studies on the consumption of iron-boosting tablets for meeting micronutrient needs in stunting cases require a systematic review with inclusion criteria limited to articles published between 2015-2024, free full text, in Indonesian and English.Results: Of the 10 articles analyzed, most showed that consumption of Iron-Boosting Tablets (TTD) in pregnant women can increase hemoglobin levels and reduce the risk of anemia, which contributes to the prevention of stunting in children. However, the compliance rate of pregnant women in consuming TTD is still low due to side effects and lack of awareness. Additionally, socio-economic factors also play a role in children's nutritional status, where families with low incomes have a higher risk of anemia and stunting.Conclusion: TTD supplementation plays an important role in the prevention of anemia and stunting in children. However, its effectiveness is greatly influenced by the level of consumption compliance and socio-economic factors. Therefore, more intensive education and multi-sectoral policies are needed to improve accessibility and compliance with TTD consumption in stunting prevention efforts in Indonesia.    

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in endemic areas like Simpang III Sipin Village. This disease is transmitted by Aedes sp mosquitoes, and the presence of their larvae is a key indicator of the potential spread of DHF. Environmental conditions, such as water reservoirs and humidity, alongside community behaviors, play significant roles in supporting the growth of these mosquito larvae. Therefore, research is needed to identify the factors influencing the presence of Aedes sp larvae. Methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 143 households, selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected via questionnaires and direct observations. Additionally, measurements of environmental conditions such as air humidity and temperature were taken using a hygrothermometer. The variables under study included knowledge, attitudes, behavior regarding water reservoir drainage (TPA), number of TPAs, air humidity, and air temperature. Results: Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square statistical test to determine the relationships between the variables. The results indicated that factors like knowledge level (p = 0.008), attitude (p = 0.008), behavior related to draining water reservoirs (p = 0.001), number of water reservoirs (p = 0.013), and air humidity (p = 0.004) were significantly related to the presence of Aedes sp larvae. However, air temperature did not show a significant relationship (p = 0.675). Conclusion: High humidity environments encourage the growth of mosquito larvae, and insufficient knowledge and inadequate preventive behaviors contribute to increased mosquito populations, exacerbating the risk of DHF transmission.

In a subset of the Federal Capital Authority (FCDA) Civil Service, the study aims to examine the relationship between job satisfaction, retention, and employee salary. Civil Service, Capital Authority (FCDA) are established by the manner in which employees receive compensation and rewards. Two goals were employed, and two hypotheses were developed to direct the investigation. The research design utilized in the study was a descriptive survey. The 400 Federal Capital Authority (FCDA) Civil Service members were chosen as the population. The study's findings indicate that employee retention significantly affects the Federal Capital Authority (FCDA) Civil Service [F (1, 398) = 11.287; p<0.01] and that job satisfaction and employee compensation are significantly correlated among the FCDA Civil Service [r (398) = -.123: p<0.01]. It was determined that, similar to other nations, the Federal Capital Authority (FCDA) Civil Service in Nigeria acts as the pivot for economic growth; managers of the FCDA Civil Service face several difficulties. They struggle with a high employee turnover rate and discover that their staff members are quitting them without warning on a daily basis. According to the report, the Federal Capital Authority (FCDA) Civil Service management should pay its personnel appropriately for the position they have so that they can carry out their leadership duties successfully and efficiently. All of these suggestions will improve employee performance, which will improve the performance of the organization as a whole. The Federal Capital Authority (FCDA) Civil Service should promote more employee relationships and interpersonal interactions.

This research aims to examine the influence of capital intensity, company size, and sales growth on tax aggressiveness. This research uses a quantitative approach and uses associative methods. The type of data used in this research is secondary data. The data analysis method used in this research is Panel Data Regression Analysis using the Eviews version 13 application and Microsoft Excel. The population used in this research is Energy Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2018-2023 period. The data collection technique in this research is a purposive sampling technique with a population of 87 companies becoming the final 10 company samples or 60 observation data processed in this research. The research results show that simultaneously capital intensity, company size and sales growth influence tax aggressiveness. Partially, capital intensity and sales growth have no effect on tax aggressiveness. Meanwhile, company size influences tax aggressiveness.

This study aims to determine the Influence of Asset Structure, Current Ratio, Firm Size and Sales Growth Relative to the Company's Capital Structure. The research population is a household appliance sub-sector manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sample selection using Purposive Sampling. The research period is 2019-2023. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression processed with IBM programs Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 26. The results of the study show that the Asset Structure and Current Ratio have a negative and significant effect on the Capital Structure. Company Size and Sales Growth have no effect on the Capital Structure.

Fish growth refers to the growth of body size which includes length and weight, as well as the development of fish body tissues within a certain period of time.Growth does not only occur in a physical sense but also includes biological and physiological changes in the fish body.In an ecological context, fish growth is related to the ability to survive, adapt, and reproduce in an environment with various internal and external factors.The implementation of the practicum of population dynamics and fish stock assessment was carried out in the Nias University building, room 2 of the Faculty of Science and Technology. The morphometric measurements were carried out by measuring the total length, stag length and standard length.The total length was measured from the distance between the tip of the head end and the tip of the caudal fin back.Growth of strange mackerel through the relationship between length and weight using the growth formula expressed in the form of a linear regression equation. The equation obtained from the analysis of measurement data shows the length-weight relationship with the equation Y 2.8771x-1.7473 and R2 value of 0.6688. The coefficient b value of 1.7473 indicates that mackerel has a negative allometric growth pattern, which means weight gain. Mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.) is the main indicator of fish growth and health based on the results of morphometric studies that show variations in length and weight.

The increasing population triggers a demand for land for housing and other activities. Along with this, issues arise regarding the limited availability of land, especially in rapidly developed areas. This limitation has the potential to create an imbalance between the growing need for space and the existing land capacity. This study evaluates the land carrying capacity in four sub-districts in the southern part of Medan City, namely Medan Tuntungan, Medan Johor, Medan Amplas, and Medan Denai, in dealing with the continuously growing population. Using a spatial analysis approach with ArcGIS 10.8 software and detailed spatial data, this research identifies potential areas for residential development and projects the capacity of land to accommodate future populations. The analysis covers physical and environmental aspects such as land slope, soil type, natural disaster risks, and access to public facilities. The results show that each sub-district has different potentials and challenges. Medan Tuntungan, with its large area and flat land conditions, shows significant potential for residential development, although attention must be given to the existence of protected areas and agricultural land that must be preserved. Medan Johor, as an economic center, faces substantial pressure on land use, with some areas nearing their maximum capacity. Medan Amplas and Medan Denai, which are more urban, experience stricter land limitations. Population growth projections indicate a significant increase in land demand in some sub-districts in the coming decades. Without effective management, this has the potential to exert high pressure on the environment and urban infrastructure. This research emphasizes the importance of spatial planning and sustainable development policies to maintain a balance between housing needs and environmental conservation.

Along with the population and economic growth of West Sumatra, especially in Padang Panjang City, West Padang Panjang District, the need for public facilities is urgently needed, one of which is the Padang Panjang market. In a project, planning and controlling costs and time is part of overall project management, especially at the implementation stage of the case study reviewed by researchers, namely the Padang Panjang market building construction project. In this research regarding time and cost control, the earned value method is one method that can monitor project performance in terms of time and cost. Which aims to determine project performance in terms of time and costs each week and predict the time and costs to complete the remaining work. So that we can get corrective actions to be taken next to progress the project. In this research, to obtain a basic basis for writing, secondary data collection is used as supporting data for the analysis of the results themselves. The analysis and discussion carried out were calculating the BCWS value, BCWP value and ACWP value in order to obtain the time variance value (SV), cost variance value (CV), calculating the productivity index, calculating project performance and calculating the estimated analysis of total project costs and completion time. The results of the research carried out are, the overall BCWS value of the Padang Panjang market project is IDR 96,213,315,046.3, for the BCWP value at the end of the 22nd week of review IDR 12,688,575,967, the ACWP value at the end of the 22nd week of review is IDR. 12,389,476,444.2 . As for the analysis results obtained from several existing indicators, the SPI value was 1.384 > 1, while the CPI was 1.003 > 1, which means that the project was accelerated in terms of schedule but incurred actual costs that were smaller than the work that had been carried out. The ETC value is IDR 84,134,151,328.9 and the EAC value is IDR 96,523,627,773.1, while the ECD value is 373 days for the project completion time.

Nutritional intake of pregnant women affects fetal growth. Good nutritional status in pregnant women can prevent low birth weight (LBW) and stunting (short). This study aims to determine the factors associated with the compliance of pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets at the Kabanjahe Health Center, Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2024. This type of research is a study with a cross-sectional design. In cross-sectional research, the cause or risk and effect variables or cases that occur in the research object are measured or collected simultaneously (at the same time). The population is all pregnant women at the Kabanjahe Health Center, Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, as many as 36 people. The number of samples used was 36 people obtained using the Total sampling technique. The data analysis technique used chi-square analysis. The results obtained in this study were from 36 respondents, there was a relationship between knowledge and compliance of pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets at the Kabanjahe Health Center, Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2024, with a p-value of 0.001 (p-value <0.05), Pregnant Women TM III, there was a relationship between husband and family support for compliance of pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets at the Kabanjahe Health Center, Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2024, with a p-value of 0.000 (p-value <0.05), there was a relationship between ANC visits and compliance of pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets at the Kabanjahe Health Center, Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2024, with a p-value of 0.002 (p-value <0.05), there was a relationship between motivation and compliance of pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets at the Kabanjahe Health Center, Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province North Sumatra in 2024, with a p-value of 0.021 (p-value < 0.05).

The Jayapura City Transportation Agency faces significant challenges in managing traffic violation data due to rapid population and economic growth. The use of Excel-based systems has proven inadequate, so a more integrated and efficient information system update is needed. Thus, the research and development method to design a web-based data archiving information system application with a waterfall methodology approach. It is hoped that this application can improve the efficiency of filing and searching for violation data, as well as support better traffic control in Jayapura City.

Bankruptcy is a state in which a company is unable to fulfil its financial obligations or a situation where the corporation initially functions but thereafter fails in business management. Bankruptcy is a state in which a firm lacks the money to operate its operation. The objective of the research is to identify the variables contributing to bankruptcy in PT. Garuda Indonesia. This research employs the Altman Z-score methodology using a bankruptcy calculation. This analysis indicates that the firm is at risk of bankruptcy, since its present assets from 2016 to 2019 are insufficient to meet its financial obligations. Companies must use deliberate, clear, and suitable measures to enhance operational cost efficiency. An inadequate business plan and human resources without a clear vision and goal for the organisation contribute to losses. This research seeks to evaluate the financial performance of PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk from 2016 to 2019 using the Altman Z-Score model. The population and sample in this research consist of the complete financial statements of PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk for the years 2016 to 2019. The findings of this research indicate that from 2016 to 2019, the bankruptcy rate at PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk was unfavourable, as shown by a Z-Score below 1.10, signifying a state of bankruptcy. The most pronounced decrease was seen in the Working Capital to Total Asset ratio, particularly in 2019. This results from the annual growth in current obligations.

This article explores the strategic implementation of financial and fiscal policies aimed at enhancing community welfare. It begins by defining key concepts and the importance of sustainable economic growth for societal well-being. The study highlights the role of government spending and taxation in redistributing resources to underserved populations. By analyzing case studies from various countries, the article illustrates successful policy frameworks that have led to improved living standards. Furthermore, it discusses the challenges policymakers face in balancing economic efficiency with equity. The significance of stakeholder engagement in policy formulation is also emphasized, showcasing how community input can lead to more effective outcomes. Additionally, the article examines the impact of social safety nets and public services on reducing poverty and inequality. It advocates for a holistic approach that integrates both financial and fiscal measures to create a comprehensive strategy for welfare enhancement. Ultimately, the findings suggest that well-designed policies can significantly improve the quality of life for all citizens. The article concludes with recommendations for future research and policy development aimed at fostering inclusive growth.

Efforts to increase fish farming productivity, motivating farmers to enhance the fish farming population in Pulau Semambu Village. Inderalaya Utara Village, Ogan Ilir, can be implemented through village lecture provision, training, and demonstration of artificial feed production based on maggots with the addition of water spinach leaf extract. The objective of this activity is to enhance the growth and immune system of fish livestock.Based on that reasoning, the framework of thought that will be pursued through the model approach (1) The approach is carried out through direct observation of the community while simultaneously mapping the latest fish farms in Pulau Semambu Village, Inderalaya Utara, Ogan Ilir.(2) Assistance, this activity is carried out through village lectures that can be realized in the form of outreach to fish farmers about improving fish farming management and providing support in motivating fish farmers to start implementing the concept of an intensive maintenance system in fish farming in maintenance ponds that meet health standards. (3) Direct demonstration (practice) of making artificial feed based on BSF maggots, which includes how to make water spinach leaf extract, how to maintain maggots, and how to make flour and pellets for artificial feed. The village lecture activity was attended by 40 women in the fish farming group in Pulau Semambu Village and students taking the Entomology and Entrepreneurship courses.The result of the activity is to increase the productivity and population of fish livestock in Pulau Semambu. The provision of fish feed based on a mixture of maggot flour and water spinach extract can enhance the growth and immune system of fish livestock, resulting in heavier fish that are less prone to disease. Increasing the production and population of fish livestock will result in higher incomes for the fish farmers in Pulau Semambu village, Inderalaya Utara, Ogan Ilir.

One of the biggest problems faced by several countries is the rapid increase in population growth, especially in an archipelagic country like Indonesia. One of the cities in North Sumatra Province that has experienced a significant increase in population is Medan City. This study discusses the population growth each year in Medan City. This study predicts the future population by combining historical data on population, birth rate, death rate, and migration using the Adams-Bashforth-Moulton approach in logistic modeling. This study shows the progress of the approach in predicting the population growth of Medan City. With an area of ​​265.10 thousand km2, and a population reaching 2,474,166 people in 2023. The Adams-Bashforth-Moulton method as a logistic growth model is very effective for decision making in predicting population growth in the city of Medan.