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This community engagement program aims to strengthen collaborative governance and social advocacy in Erbil through a data-driven approach that empowers both public institutions and local communities. The initiative responds to the growing need for evidence-based decision-making, particularly in urban areas where socio-economic disparities, limited data literacy, and fragmented public–community communication hinder sustainable development efforts. Using participatory mapping, digital data collection, and community workshops, the program integrates statistical tools and informatics-based solutions to support transparent governance practices. Activities include capacity-building sessions, community needs assessments, data visualization training, and stakeholder forums designed to enhance cooperative problem-solving. Findings show that community members developed increased awareness of data-based decision processes, while local institutions improved their ability to integrate citizen input into planning. Participant feedback confirms higher trust levels, better communication pathways, and enhanced motivation to co-design development initiatives. The program demonstrates that data-driven social advocacy can strengthen relational accountability and foster long-term collaborations between stakeholders. This model offers a scalable and adaptable framework for cities in the Kurdistan Region seeking to implement more inclusive and sustainable governance strategies. Overall, the program contributes to the advancement of participatory governance by embedding statistical literacy and digital tools into community-centered development processes.

This community engagement program aims to strengthen community-centered health services in Romania by integrating digital innovations into existing social welfare systems. The initiative responds to persistent challenges in accessibility, service coordination, and information flow between local health providers and underserved populations. Through a structured intervention—including digital literacy workshops, development of simple data-collection tools, and collaborative planning sessions with community health workers—the program seeks to enhance local capacity for technology-supported service delivery. A mixed set of participatory and data-driven strategies was employed to ensure that technological solutions align with community needs and institutional capacities. Results indicate significant improvements in digital readiness among participants, increased accuracy of health-service reporting, and stronger collaboration between social welfare actors and community members. Feedback collected from participants highlights a high level of satisfaction with the practicality and relevance of the training sessions. Overall, the program demonstrates that integrating accessible technological innovations into community-based health systems can contribute to more responsive, efficient, and inclusive social welfare structures in Romania. The findings further underscore the importance of continued investment in digital competencies and collaborative governance to support sustainable health-service improvements in socioeconomically diverse contexts.

This study analyzes the strategic role of digital transformation in accelerating the development of the green economy in Azerbaijan. As global economic systems shift toward sustainability-oriented models, Azerbaijan has begun integrating digital technologies—such as smart energy systems, geographic information platforms, and digital monitoring tools—into its environmental and economic policies. These initiatives are designed to reduce carbon intensity, enhance resource efficiency, and modernize industrial sectors in alignment with international climate standards. The study employs a qualitative library-based approach supported by content analysis to assess state programs, institutional reforms, and policy documents related to digital governance and renewable energy deployment. The findings indicate that digital solutions facilitate transparent decision-making, optimize energy consumption, and support ecological innovations, making them essential components of Azerbaijan’s national development agenda. However, the transition remains constrained by infrastructural disparities, limited technological competencies, and regulatory gaps. The study argues that sustainable development goals cannot be fully realized without comprehensive digital integration, institutional coordination, and capacity-building initiatives. Thus, digitalization is not merely a supportive tool but a foundational mechanism for the advancement of the green economy and long-term socio-economic transformation in Azerbaijan.

This community engagement program aims to strengthen the economic capacity of community groups in Azerbaijan through an integrated model combining artificial intelligence (AI)–supported learning, digital skills enhancement, and practical economic training. Although Azerbaijan has demonstrated rapid digital progress, micro-entrepreneurs still face challenges related to limited digital literacy, insufficient financial planning capabilities, and the absence of structured mentorship that integrates emerging technologies. This program utilizes a participatory development approach involving baseline assessment, AI-driven training modules, intensive workshops, and mentoring over two months. A total of 45 participants from three community clusters were included. Quantitative findings reveal a 63% increase in digital literacy scores and a 67% adoption rate of AI-supported tools for marketing and financial planning. Qualitative insights show improved confidence in business decision-making, better understanding of market dynamics, and enhanced practical skills in budgeting and content creation. Participants also reported early indicators of improved sales performance and customer engagement. The integration of AI tools into community-based capacity-building initiatives demonstrates high effectiveness in accelerating digital readiness and entrepreneurial resilience. The program concludes that structured AI-based interventions can significantly empower grassroots communities in emerging economies. Limitations include the small sample size and short mentoring duration. Future research should explore larger populations and long-term economic outcomes.

This research focused on improving fine motor development in early childhood through creative learning activities that utilize recycled materials, designed and implemented using the ADDIE instructional model. The study involved children from class B2 at TK Prawidya Darma and was conducted systematically through five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Throughout the learning process, children were engaged in a variety of hands-on craft activities, including cutting, folding, gluing, and assembling recycled objects, which were intentionally structured to train hand–eye coordination, finger flexibility, and concentration. The results demonstrate that learning activities based on recycled materials offer rich and meaningful experiences for young learners. Children showed noticeable improvements in accuracy, independence, and creative expression while completing tasks. In addition, the use of recycled materials helped cultivate environmental awareness from an early age, as children learned the value of reusing everyday objects. The classroom atmosphere became more interactive and enjoyable, with students actively participating and showing enthusiasm during the activities. Overall, the findings indicate that creative recycling-based activities are effective in supporting fine motor skill development through enjoyable, practical, and environmentally friendly learning experiences. This study concludes that integrating recycled materials into creative activities can be an innovative, sustainable, and pedagogically valuable approach for early childhood education programs.

The purpose of this study is to discuss the introduction of the Pendet Dance in the Markandeya–Walailak cultural exchange program and to evaluate its effectiveness as a cross-cultural character education tool. To investigate program design, execution, and results, the study used a descriptive qualitative approach backed by the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. During the cultural exchange activities, information was gathered through participant reflection, documentation, and observation. The results show that the program effectively combined the principles of character education with conventional performing arts. Thai students showed greater appreciation, tolerance, respect, and empathy for cultural diversity as well as a deeper comprehension of the Pendet Dance's meaning, symbolism, and cultural value. In addition, Indonesian students who served as facilitators saw improvements in their discipline, self-assurance, cultural adaptability, and communication abilities. The exercise emphasizes how traditional performing arts can be a powerful tool for international engagement and cultural diplomacy. All things considered, the program shows that cultural exchange programs can make a significant contribution to global character education, and it is advised that comparable projects be maintained and developed in subsequent international education partnerships.

This community service program aims to introduce basic English vocabulary to Kindergarten students through the medium of bilingual songs. The background of this activity is the limitation of interactive learning media and the dominance of traditional methods that are less attractive for early childhood. Bilingual songs were chosen because they have a simple rhythm, easy to remember lyrics, and are able to create a fun and contextual learning atmosphere. The method used is the Participatory Action Learning System approach which includes the preparation stage, flexible action, and reflection. Bilingual songs are inserted at the transition moments of class activities and combined with simple movements to stimulate natural vocabulary acquisition. The results of the observations showed a significant improvement in children's language skills: most students were able to remember new vocabulary, enthusiasm for learning increased, and active participation in singing together was higher. Teachers also reported that the use of bilingual songs helped keep children's attention and created a positive learning atmosphere. Overall, this activity proves that bilingual songs are an effective, fun, and appropriate medium for children's developmental stages to strengthen mastery of basic English vocabulary. This program is recommended to be applied continuously in daily learning activities in kindergarten classrooms.

Business legality is a very important component in the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Business legality provides MSME players with legal protection, easier access to financing, and greater opportunities for growth. The Business Identification Number (NIB) is the official identity of business actors used to obtain business licenses and commercial or operational permits through an integrated electronic licensing system, namely Online Single Submission (OSS). The objective of this community service program is to increase the understanding and awareness of MSME actors in Kelayu Selatan Village, Selong District, East Lombok Regency, regarding business legality, particularly the creation of an NIB. To support more efficient assistance tailored to the needs of each business operator, this activity was conducted door-to-door and included several stages, such as observation and data collection on MSMEs, dissemination of information on the importance of business legality, assistance in creating OSS accounts, and assistance in the application process until the issuance of the NIB. The results of the activity showed an increase in awareness and knowledge about the importance of business legality. It is hoped that this program will encourage MSMEs to transform into formal businesses that are competitive and sustainable.

This Community Service Program (PkM) was carried out at PT Golden Visalux with the aim of enhancing the effectiveness of the company’s operational cost budget control. Findings from field observations and interviews revealed that the company did not yet have formal written guidelines such as a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and lacked a well-structured evaluation system for its budgeting process. As a result, discrepancies occurred between planned and actual expenditures, along with delays in monitoring operational costs. Through this internship project, an SOP and budget measurement standards were created and applied as reference tools for all relevant divisions involved in the budgeting cycle. The SOP implementation led to several improvements, including more accurate cost recording, better monitoring of budget variances, and increased efficiency in operational spending. In addition, the company now possesses an official document that can be utilized continuously for evaluating and refining its cost control practices. Overall, this PkM initiative offers meaningful contributions to strengthening budget management effectiveness and supporting improved financial performance at PT Golden Visalux.

This community service activity aims to improve the efficiency of inventory management at Zencha MSMEs through the design and implementation of a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and a spreadsheet-based inventory recording system. Prior to this program, Zencha MSMEs managed its inventory manually without written procedures, which often caused stock discrepancies, delays in restocking, and difficulties in monitoring raw material availability. The methods used in this activity included observation, interviews, SOP design, system socialization, and direct implementation assistance. The SOP was structured to regulate the process of receiving, recording, storing, and using raw materials, while the spreadsheet template functioned as a digital tool to record stock movements automatically. The results show that after the implementation, inventory management became more organized, transparent, and measurable. The business owner was able to monitor stock levels more accurately, determine restocking time more effectively, and reduce the risk of stock shortages. In addition, employees demonstrated better discipline in recording inventory according to established procedures. This program proves that the implementation of SOP and digital-based inventory recording can significantly improve operational efficiency and support the sustainability of micro and small enterprises.

Global environmental challenges require active engagement from all sectors, including education. For Muslim youth, awareness of environmental sustainability aligns with Islamic ethical principles such as stewardship (khalifah), justice (ʿadl), and social welfare (maslahah). This study examines the influence of green economy education within Islamic higher education on students’ eco-literacy, ethical awareness, and sustainable economic behavior. A quantitative approach was employed using a structured questionnaire distributed to students from both Islamic economics and non-economics programs. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and one-way ANOVA to identify differences in environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Findings show that students with an Islamic economics background consistently achieve higher scores in knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral engagement related to sustainability compared to non-Islamic economics students. Integrating Islamic ethical values into the curriculum provides a holistic framework for internalizing sustainability principles, encouraging students to translate ethical knowledge into practical action. Pedagogical strategies such as project-based learning, reflective exercises, and experiential programs further enhance engagement and eco-conscious behavior. The study highlights the critical role of Islamic education in fostering a generation of ethically aware and environmentally responsible students. By embedding moral and ecological principles in academic programs, educational institutions can strengthen students’ capacity for sustainable decision-making and support broader goals of responsible economic and environmental stewardship.

The development of information technology has produced a significant transformation in election administration mechanisms, including within the City of Palangka Raya. The digitalization of various services and information systems requires the General Elections Commission (KPU) to enhance transparency while simultaneously ensuring the security of voter data and election results. This study aims to examine the key challenges faced by the Palangka Raya KPU in balancing the need for information openness with data protection in the digital era. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method through literature review, direct observation, and structured interviews with KPU staff, election supervisors, and relevant stakeholders. The findings indicate that digitalization improves the effectiveness of public information dissemination, including through the use of Sidalih and Sirekap, yet it also introduces vulnerabilities such as potential voter data breaches, cyberattacks, and the spread of disinformation through social media. Moreover, limitations in human resources with technological expertise serve as constraints in optimizing digital security. Conversely, the implementation of data security standards and improvements in voter digital literacy contribute to strengthening public trust in the election process. Thus, the Palangka Raya KPU needs to reinforce cybersecurity infrastructure, enhance internal technical capacity, and broaden public education programs to safeguard electoral integrity amid increasing transparency demands and digital risks. Collaboration among government, academia, and the community is a strategic element in maintaining the quality of democracy in the digital era.

In the context of modernity, characterized by secularization and existential anxiety, traditional models of Christian faith formation often appear disconnected from the lived reality of believers, particularly regarding the doctrines of salvation and eschatology. This study investigates the crucial role of the church in bridging this gap by developing a pedagogical approach that integrally links ecclesial education with eschatological hope. Employing a qualitative descriptive analysis method, this research examines theological literature, contemporary church documents, and case studies of Christian formation programs. The analysis reveals that a robust eschatological perspective oriented towards the hope of salvation, resurrection, and the renewal of all things is not merely a final chapter of doctrine but an essential, transformative framework for all faith education. It shapes Christian identity, ethics, and mission in the present. The study concludes that for faith formation to be salvific and relevant today, the church must intentionally reconfigure its educational praxis. This reconfiguration involves moving from a compartmentalized teaching of "last things" to fostering an eschatological imagination that informs discipleship, worship, and social engagement, thereby presenting salvation as a comprehensive hope actively shaping Christian life in the modern world.

Indonesia’s projected demographic bonus around 2045 must be harnessed as an advantage rather than becoming a burden. This potential benefit is highly dependent on the quality of human resources prepared from the present time. One of the key national programs in this regard is embodied in the vision of Indonesia Emas 2045. An interesting phenomenon can be observed in Cibeber District, Cilegon City, where the prevalence of stunting was once relatively high. This issue warrants serious attention as it directly affects children’s physical growth and cognitive development.This study analyzes strategies for ensuring adequate nutritional fulfillment as an effort to improve the quality of the golden generation. By employing SWOT analysis, several strategic alternatives were identified, including SO (strength–opportunity), WO (weakness–opportunity), ST (strength–threat), and WT (weakness–threat) strategies. The most critical recommendation highlights the importance of cross-sectoral collaboration and participatory involvement of all stakeholders.

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease with a high prevalence in Indonesia, including in Tasikmalaya City, and shows a trend of increasing cases from year to year. This condition requires planned promotive and preventive efforts that involve community participation. This study aims to increase public knowledge about hypertension and the importance of physical activity as a preventive measure through the SERASI (Senam Raga Sehat, Cegah Hypertensi) program. The methods used include community-based health education, blood pressure checks, pre- and post-tests to measure changes in knowledge, and structured healthy exercise activities. The results showed a significant increase in knowledge after the intervention, reflected in the difference in pre- and post-test scores with a p value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). In addition, healthy exercise activities increased community participation and involvement, and encouraged the formation of sustainable physical activity habits. Overall, the SERASI program has proven effective in increasing community knowledge, awareness, and behavioral changes towards hypertension prevention, thus potentially supporting risk factor control and improving the quality of local community health. These findings are relevant for planning sustainable local and national community-based public health programs.

Background: Stunting remains one of the leading public health problems in Indonesia, including in Blang Teue Village, Lhokseumawe City, where the prevalence reaches 27.6%. Purpose: This community service program aimed to develop an innovative community-based production model for locally sourced complementary feeding (MP-ASI) through the empowerment of PKK women’s groups and Posyandu cadres. The program focused on improving nutritional knowledge, production skills, and digital capabilities related to child growth monitoring. Methods: The Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach was employed through several stages, including identification of local food resources, training on the production of nutrient-dense complementary foods made from mackerel and moringa leaves, and digital education for promotion and child growth recording using Google Sheets. Results: The program demonstrated significant improvements, including an increase in knowledge related to stunting prevention (participants in the “good” category rose from 5% to 72.5%), enhanced production skills for NABUNG complementary food (85%), and improved digital literacy among Posyandu cadres in creating educational media and recording child growth data. Conclusion: This program successfully developed an innovative community-based MP-ASI production model that not only supports stunting prevention but also strengthens digital literacy and fosters community independence in managing child nutrition

This study aims to analyze the influence of financial knowledge, financial attitudes, and self-control on personal financial management among students of the Management Study Program at the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Toraja, class of 2022. The research uses a quantitative approach, distributing questionnaires to 83 respondents selected through the Slovin formula. The data is analyzed using multiple linear regression, as well as validity, reliability, classical assumption, and hypothesis testing. The results show that financial knowledge has a positive and significant effect on personal financial management, while financial attitudes and self-control do not have a significant partial effect. However, simultaneously, the three independent variables have a significant impact on the students' personal financial management. These findings suggest that students' personal financial management is influenced by a combination of financial understanding, attitudes toward money management, and the ability to control their financial behavior. This indicates the importance of enhancing financial knowledge as a key factor in improving personal financial management among students, while attitudes and self-control need further attention to achieve better financial management.

Village entrepreneurship is an initiative designed to stimulate regional economic growth by accelerating the development of rural areas, which have long been perceived as slow, less productive, and lagging behind urban centers. The creation of entrepreneurial villages offers a concrete strategy to enhance community productivity because it encourages all components of the village government, residents, and local institutions to participate in structured and collaborative entrepreneurial activities. Such villages are expected to generate new economic opportunities, strengthen local industries, and increase community independence. However, initial observations from this Community Service program show that partner villages still face significant barriers, including limited land area, geographical remoteness, and inadequate human and natural resources. Many peripheral villages have not yet utilized digital technology effectively, making it difficult to expand markets or access broader economic networks. In addition, challenges related to financial access, limited talent development, socio-cultural constraints, and weak market infrastructure continue to hinder economic progress. These conditions demonstrate the urgent need for strategic assistance, capacity-building programs, and stronger support systems to help villages transform into sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems capable of contributing to long-term regional development.

The goal of this community service program (PkM) at SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda is to increase students' enthusiasm for reading by providing them with e-books that are based on QR codes. Students' lack of enthusiasm for reading and resources for reading led to the program's inception. E-books with QR codes embedded were presented as a workable approach to digital literacy that caters to the needs of students who were born into the digital age. Several steps were involved in the process, such as determining requirements, creating an e-book, creating QR codes, installing them at key school locations, and finally, monitoring and evaluating the results. Observations and questionnaires were given to 200 students as part of the assessment. Students' interest in and ability to access literature were both enhanced by the usage of QR Codes, according to the findings. In a survey, 82% of people said QR Codes were simple to use, and 85% said they were more motivated to read after using them. In terms of reading frequency, 76% of students saw an improvement, and 72% said they could understand what they read better.With an overall mean score of 4.35 (categorized as excellent), the digital literacy program proved to be effective and positively received. Overall, the implementation of QR Code–based e-books successfully strengthened digital literacy practices and created a more engaging, flexible, and sustainable reading experience, offering a model for digital literacy initiatives in other schools.

Dynamic programming (DP) is a foundational technique for solving multistage optimization problems; however, its classical formulation often incurs a cubic time complexity, rendering it impractical for large-scale real-world applications. This study proposes an accelerated dynamic programming framework that leverages quadrilateral inequality and convex monotonicity theory to significantly reduce computational overhead. By formally establishing the structural conditions under which DP decision boundaries exhibit monotone behavior, the proposed method eliminates redundant state transitions and maintains a sequence of admissible decisions through an efficient stack-based mechanism. The resulting algorithm achieves a worst-case complexity of O(n2) and can be further optimized to O(n) when convex monotonicity holds, representing a substantial improvement over traditional O (n3) techniques. Experimental validation using the classical stone-merging problem demonstrates that the accelerated method executes more than 60 times faster than the standard approach for large inputs, while maintaining identical optimal results. These findings confirm that embedding geometric regularities into DP formulations not only enhances performance but also broadens the applicability of dynamic programming to computation-intensive optimization tasks. This research contributes a mathematically grounded, scalability-oriented solution for accelerating dynamic programming, with implications for logistics, production planning, data segmentation, and other large-scale decision systems.