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Information technology (IT) infrastructure planning plays a strategic role in supporting organizational performance and achieving business objectives. However, many organizations experience misalignment between IT infrastructure planning and organizational needs, leading to inefficiencies, limited system integration, and suboptimal utilization of IT investments (Maulana, 2024; Njanka et al., 2025). This study aims to analyze the suitability of IT infrastructure planning with organizational needs using a quantitative approach. The research framework integrates the Strategic Alignment Model (SAM), Strategic Alignment Maturity Model (SAMM), and COBIT 2019 governance principles. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to IT managers and system users. A total of 85 valid responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and gap analysis. The results indicate that IT infrastructure planning is moderately aligned with organizational needs, particularly in supporting operational activities. Nevertheless, significant gaps were identified in system integration, scalability, and long-term infrastructure planning. These findings highlight the importance of continuous evaluation and governance-based IT planning to enhance alignment and ensure sustainable organizational performance.

Culinary MSMEs serve as a vital economic pillar; however, they often encounter significant internal management obstacles and low digital competitiveness. Sabila Snack & Bakery faces complex challenges, including unstructured production schedules, limited digital marketing literacy, inconsistent visual branding, and financial record-keeping that remains intertwined with personal funds. This community service initiative aims to provide applicable solutions by strengthening internal management and digital marketing strategies to enhance operational efficiency and business competitiveness. The methodology employed is Participatory Action Research (PAR), encompassing stages of observation, interviews, technical assistance, and evaluation. The results indicate a significant transformation in business governance. The implementation of daily production schedules has successfully improved workflow regularity and operational efficiency. Furthermore, branding reinforcement through the establishment of a permanent logo, the creation of systematic product catalogs, and the optimization of social media platforms such as WhatsApp Business, Instagram, and TikTok has effectively increased business visibility and professionalism in the digital sphere. Additionally, the application of a simple bookkeeping system has fostered administrative discipline and a clear separation between personal finances and business capital. Overall, this intervention has successfully transitioned the business from traditional management patterns toward a more structured, professional, and sustainable management model ready to compete in a broader market.

The increasing complexity of competition in the healthcare industry requires hospitals to adopt adaptive and strategic management practices to enhance organizational competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the role of strategic management in improving hospital competitiveness through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. A total of 41 national and international scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025 were reviewed, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Sinta databases, following the PRISMA guidelines for literature selection. The synthesis of findings indicates that strategic management plays a significant role in strengthening hospital competitiveness through clear strategy formulation, consistent implementation, and continuous performance evaluation. Key factors contributing to competitive advantage include strategic leadership, adaptive organizational culture, effective human resource management, utilization of information technology, and integration between strategic planning and operational processes. The results emphasize that hospitals implementing strategic management comprehensively are better equipped to respond to environmental dynamics, improve service quality, and sustain competitive advantage in the long term. This study highlights the importance of strategic management as a foundational element in modern hospital governance and provides a conceptual basis for future empirical research in healthcare management.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of digitalization in the operational management of Batik TIN MSMEs as a strategy to enhance business competitiveness. Digitalization is considered an important step for MSMEs in facing increasingly competitive market conditions in the digital economy era. The research method employed is qualitative with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the owner and employees of Batik TIN MSMEs, direct observation of operational processes, and documentation related to production, marketing, and financial management activities. The results show that the implementation of digitalization in the production aspect helps improve work efficiency and product quality control. In the marketing aspect, the utilization of social media and digital platforms is able to expand market reach and enhance interaction with consumers. Meanwhile, digitalization in financial management facilitates transaction recording, improves the accuracy of financial reports, and supports more accurate decision-making. Overall, the implementation of digitalization has proven to make a positive contribution to improving operational efficiency and strengthening the competitiveness of Batik TIN MSMEs. Therefore, digitalization can be an effective and sustainable strategy for MSMEs to survive and grow amid dynamic industrial competition.

This study aims to analyze the shoe production process from an operational management perspective at PT. XYZ. The focus of the research is directed at the stages of the production process and the management of raw materials in supporting the smooth running and efficiency of production activities. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach carried out through an Internship Experience Practice (PPL) at PT. XYZ. Data was collected through direct observation of production activities, interviews with relevant parties in the production department, and supporting documentation. The data obtained was analyzed by describing the production process flow, raw material management system, and production process control, then linked to the concept of operational management. The results showed that the shoe production process at PT. XYZ consisted of several interrelated stages, starting from raw material management to the main production process. The company has implemented a fairly structured operational management system, characterized by the recording of raw materials, the separation of materials by type, and the application of the First in First Out (FIFO) method to maintain material quality and smooth production. However, several operational obstacles were still found, such as limited production time, suboptimal coordination between departments, and the potential for defective products in the production process. The implementation of operational management at PT. XYZ has supported the shoe production process quite effectively, particularly in raw material management and production control. Nevertheless, improved coordination and continuous evaluation of the production process are needed to enhance operational efficiency and product quality.

The computer network management practice at the Sorong City Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) Office aims to improve the technical competence of employees in understanding, operating, and maintaining computer network devices, both hardware and software. This activity was carried out through four stages: observation, socialization, training, and evaluation, with a hands-on approach that emphasized direct participant involvement as the key to competency improvement. The results of the activity showed that employees gained a better understanding of network device configuration, cable management, and the use of network support software, and were able to solve simple technical problems independently. Post-training evaluations showed a significant increase in participants' technical abilities, which had a positive impact on operational efficiency and service quality at the agency. Thus, the hands-on practice supported by intensive mentoring proved effective in developing human resource competencies in the field of computer networks and supporting digital transformation within the Sorong City PUPR environment.

Company value is an important indicator that reflects company performance and investor perceptions of future business prospects and sustainability. Various strategic decisions made by management, such as capital intensity management, investment decisions, and tax aggressiveness policies, play a significant role in shaping company value. This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of capital intensity, investment decisions, and tax aggressiveness on company value through a literature review approach. The method used is a literature review by examining various relevant national and international scientific articles obtained from academic databases such as Google Scholar, Publish or Perish, and SINTA. The results of the study show that capital intensity has a positive effect on company value because it reflects long-term production capacity and operational efficiency. Investment decisions have also been proven to have a positive effect on company value because they signal management's optimism about future growth prospects. Meanwhile, tax aggressiveness can increase company value through tax savings and increased cash flow, but it has the potential to cause reputational and governance risks if done excessively. Overall, the reviewed literature shows that these three variables have an impact on company value, with the caveat that optimal and transparent management is necessary. This study is expected to serve as a reference for further research and as a consideration for company management and investors in making strategic decisions.

Indrokilo Botanical Garden in Boyolali is an environment-based tourism area that serves strategic functions as an ex-situ conservation institution, as well as a center for education, research, and knowledge-based recreation. However, its management still faces challenges in maintaining a balance between tourism development and conservation mandates. This study aims to analyze the role of management performance in promoting ecotourism sustainability at Indrokilo Botanical Garden from environmental, social, and economic perspectives. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through field observations and in-depth interviews with purposely selected informants, including management authorities, field officers, local community members, and visitors. The findings indicate that management performance at Indrokilo Botanical Garden has been relatively effective in daily operational activities, such as site maintenance and visitor services. Nevertheless, limitations remain in long-term strategic planning, human resource capacity development, and the active involvement of local communities as management partners. These constraints have resulted in the suboptimal implementation of conservation and educational functions. The study demonstrates that management performance plays a crucial role in determining ecotourism sustainability by ensuring a balance between environmental protection, social benefits, and economic viability. Therefore, strengthening management performance is essential to support sustainable ecotourism development at Indrokilo Botanical Garden.

The development of the service sector in Indonesia requires micro-enterprises to adopt marketing strategies that enhance service quality and strengthen business competitiveness. In the context of service-based businesses, the service marketing approach is considered relevant as it emphasizes the management of service delivery and overall customer experience. This study aims to analyze the implementation of service marketing in Erafftel, a shoe cleaning service business located in Padang City, West Sumatra. The study employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through direct observation of operational activities and in-depth interviews with the business owner to obtain comprehensive information regarding service processes, service marketing strategies, and operational practices. The findings indicate that the services provided by Erafftel reflect the main characteristics of services, namely intangibility, inseparability, variability, and perishability. Furthermore, the service marketing mix consisting of seven elements—product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence—has been implemented, although in a relatively simple and not yet fully structured manner. The people and process elements emerge as the most dominant factors influencing perceived service quality, as they are directly related to interactions between service providers and customers, while physical evidence serves as a supporting factor in building customer trust. The implications of this study suggest that strengthening the application of service marketing can contribute to improved service quality, increased customer satisfaction, and the long-term sustainability of micro service enterprises.

This Community Service Activity (PKM) aims to strengthen interpersonal communication strategies in increasing donor trust in the Grandma Foundation as a social institution engaged in elderly services. The main problems identified include communication patterns that are not systematic, lack of personalization, and lack of transparency of information, so that it has an impact on the level of trust and loyalty of donors. Through a qualitative-educational-participatory approach, PKM activities are carried out through the delivery of effective communication materials, interpersonal communication simulations, the preparation of donor communication flow standards, and assistance in digital communication practices based on social media and instant messaging. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in the attitude and communication skills of the management, the formation of donor communication operational standards, the improvement of digital communication skills, and the positive response from donors which was reflected in the increase in interaction and trust. These findings confirm that interpersonal communication based on empathy, transparency, and consistency plays an important role in building long-term relationships with donors. Thus, a structured interpersonal communication strategy can be an effective model for philanthropic institutions in managing donor relationships and maintaining the sustainability of social programs.

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are required to establish well-organized bookkeeping and administrative systems to enhance competitiveness and readiness for international expansion. However, Iluh Craft MSME continues to face challenges related to unstructured financial record-keeping and traditional administrative practices, which hinder effective financial monitoring and the preparation of business documentation. This community service activity aims to implement an efficient bookkeeping and administrative system to improve recording accuracy, operational efficiency, and the readiness of Iluh Craft MSME to expand into international markets. The implementation employed a descriptive participatory approach involving interviews, observations, and documentation, followed by system design, phased implementation, mentoring, and joint evaluation with the partner. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in the accuracy of financial records, a reduction in transaction recording errors to below 5%, administrative time efficiency gains of approximately 25–30%, and improved document organization with faster data retrieval. In addition, more than 90% of staff members were able to operate the system independently. Overall, the implementation of an efficient bookkeeping and administrative system proved effective in supporting more professional business management and enhancing the readiness of Iluh Craft MSME for international market expansion.

This study aims to identify and minimize waste in the process of procuring Food & Beverage raw materials at Hotel PXY Jasa Bali using the Lean Inventory Management approach. Observations over one month showed that the total procurement cost reached 47% of the total revenue, exceeding the ideal limit of 35%. One of the main causes is the inefficient and lack of synchronization between divisions in the Rhapsody platform, which causes waste in the form of defects, delays, over-processing, and transportation. This study uses the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) method to map actual conditions and Process Activity Mapping (PAM) to identify the type of activity based on the waste category. In addition, root cause analysis is carried out using the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) approach. The mapping results showed that out of the total lead time of 598.44 minutes, only 278.49 minutes or 46.54% were value-added activities. This finding indicates that the procurement process is not yet efficient and needs optimization. Several recommendations were given to minimize waste, such as clearer division of tasks, improved communication with vendors, and the procurement of supporting facilities to reduce physical movement between divisions. The implementation of this lean service is expected to be able to increase the efficiency of the logistics process and reduce the company's overall operational costs.

The booking process with the food and municipal business (f&b) has an important part to contribute to the direct distribution of goods from the center to the partner. However, in xyz group, booking processes are still carried out by hand through unstructured format whatsapp messages, which leads to nonuniform data, miscommunication, and slow record keeping and distribution processes. This research aims to design standardized reservations forms as more effective course improvements solutions without the need for complex application development. The research method used is a qualitative description with a case study approach. Data collection techniques were made through direct observation during apprenticeship as well as detailed booking channels. In addition, the study adopted the system design approach (prototyping) in composing the proposal reservations system. Research shows that application of standardized booking forms can improve order order order order, improve information accuracy, and reduce the need for clarification by section MCC. The proposed system also facilitated the process of data recapitulation and increased the efficiency of divisional coordination, supporting the distribution operational efficiency of the F&B franchise.

Operational risk management is an essential aspect in maintaining the stability and sustainability of micro-enterprises operating in the culinary sector, particularly in the fast food industry, which relies heavily on production processes, raw material quality, and human resource skills. This study aims to analyze the types of operational risks that arise in the daily operations of the Kebab Capadocia MSME in Boyolali Regency using a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and field observations. The COSO Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Framework was used as the primary theoretical foundation to map risks based on five components: risk identification, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring. The results indicate that the business faces four main risk categories: production process risks, human resource risks, food hygiene and safety risks, and raw material distribution risks. Implemented controls are still informal and not supported by standard operating procedures (SOPs), resulting in recurring risks that impact product quality. These findings contribute to the MSME risk management literature and offer practical recommendations for strengthening operational structures based on systematic risk management.

This study to analyze the effect of Non Performing Loan (NPL), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Net Interest Margin (NIM) on Return on Assets (ROA) with Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO) as an intervening variable at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Perser) Tbk. This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the annual financial statements of Bank BRI for the period 2015-2024. The data analysis method used in this study is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (PLS), which allows the examination of both direct and indirect relationship among variables in the research model. The independent variables consist of NPL, CAR, and NIM, the intervening variable is BOPO and the dependent variable is ROA. The results indicate that NPL has a positive effect on BOPO, suggesting that higher credit risk leads to increased operational costs. CAR and NIM have a negative effect on BOPO, indicating that adequate capital and effective interest income management improve operational efficiency contributes to increased bank profitability. The findings also confirm that BOPO mediates the relationship between NPL, CAR, and NIM on ROA. This study is expected to contribute to the academic literature on banking financial management and provide practical insights for bank management in enhancing operational efficiency and sustainable profitability.

This research looks into how site managers in construction projects in Malang City manage and improve their use of human resources. The research is driven by the significance of effective human resource management in ensuring project success and the lack of studies focusing on the operational strategies of site managers within a local context. This study uses a quantitative method that is both descriptive and analytical. It involves giving out a survey to 40 people, including site managers, contractors, and foremen. The independent variables include leadership and supervisory style, human resource planning and workforce allocation, training and competency development, team communication and coordination, performance monitoring and evaluation, as well as motivation and welfare. The dependent variable is the degree to which human resource management is optimized. The results of validity and reliability tests indicate that all research instruments are valid and reliable. Multiple linear regression analysis shows that leadership and supervisory style, along with human resource planning and workforce allocation, have a significant partial effect on improving HRM practices. Other variables have a positive but statistically insignificant partial effect on the estate. Overall, the management of human resources in construction projects in Malang City is considered to be fairly good. This study confirms that leadership and workforce planning are the main strategic factors for site managers in improving the effectiveness of human resource management in construction projects.

The transition toward LNG, hydrogen, and ammonia propulsion systems represents a transformative shift in maritime decarbonization, introducing new technical, safety, and operational complexities. This study critically examines the effectiveness of Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring systems in enhancing propulsion efficiency, safety assurance, and regulatory compliance within alternative fuel vessels. Using a qualitative comparative design, data were collected from industry experts, maritime lecturers, and maritime graduates through structured thematic analysis. The findings indicate very high overall effectiveness, with safety assurance scoring highest, followed closely by propulsion efficiency and operational compliance. Cross-group analysis reveals strong consensus regarding IoT’s role in real-time leak detection, predictive engine diagnostics, and emission monitoring transparency. The study contributes by bridging propulsion engineering, digital monitoring technologies, and maritime governance perspectives, highlighting the importance of competency development for deck officers in interpreting IoT-generated data. The research demonstrates that IoT systems are foundational enablers of safe, efficient, and sustainable alternative fuel operations, supporting maritime economic resilience and long-term decarbonization strategies.

This study examines the integration of technology in the process of Human Resource (HR) transformation through the perspective of employee data analytics as a strategic approach to modern HR management. The primary focus of the study is to analyze the impact of the simultaneous integration of digital HR systems and organizational digital transformation on improving the efficiency of HR functions, with organizational agility positioned as a moderating variable that strengthens this relationship. In addition, the study explores the potential optimization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies and predictive analytics methods, such as Bayesian Optimization, in predicting workforce dynamics, including employee attrition risk and competency development needs, while also bridging the analytical skills gap among HR practitioners. The research method employed is a systematic literature review of relevant scientific publications from 2021 to 2025, selecting sources that address digital HR transformation, HR analytics, and the application of AI in organizational contexts. The findings indicate that digital HR systems have a strong and significant effect on enhancing operational efficiency and the quality of HR decision-making, and this effect becomes more optimal when supported by a high level of organizational agility. Furthermore, AI and predictive analytics are proven to generate more accurate predictions and simplify technical complexity, making them easier for HR practitioners to adopt. This study concludes that the success of HR transformation requires a holistic approach that aligns the use of advanced technologies with organizational capabilities, human resource readiness, and ethical considerations to create sustainable organizational value.

Maneuvering operations represent the most dynamically complex and operationally hazardous phase of a vessel's voyage, demanding precise real-time coordination between deck officers at the bridge and engineer officers in the engine room. Communication breakdowns at this critical interdepartmental interface have been consistently implicated in propulsion-related maritime accidents, yet the collaborative decision-making processes that govern bridge-engine room interaction during maneuvering remain insufficiently examined in the research literature. This study investigates collaborative decision-making patterns between deck and engineer officers during main engine telegraph operations, employing a qualitative observational design grounded in human factors engineering and Crew Resource Management theory. Through 72 hours of structured simulation observation across two maritime training centers and 36 semi-structured officer interviews, the study documents communication pattern frequencies, decision latency behaviors, information-sharing strategies, and CRM competency profiles across both officer categories and experience levels. Findings reveal persistent asymmetries in situational awareness, authority gradient distortions under time pressure, and a systematic underutilization of standardized communication protocols during non-routine maneuvering events. The study contributes a dual-department collaborative framework for bridge-engine room operations and offers evidence-based recommendations for integrated officer training design and propulsion safety protocol development.

The construction sector is an industry with a high level of work accident risk due to its dynamic and complex work characteristics. This study aims to examine the application of the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) System and evaluate its effectiveness in mitigating risks at the Health Facility Building Construction Project (Project X) in Fakfak Regency. The research method used is a descriptive-analytical quantitative approach with purposive sampling of 25 respondents, including executors, supervisors, and field workers. Risk analysis was conducted using the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method by measuring Severity, Occurrence, and Detection parameters to produce a Risk Priority Number (RPN). The results show that RPN values range from 52.35 to 452.30. The highest risk was found in the variable of limited safety signage in hazardous locations (RPN 452.30), which falls into the very high category. Additionally, 10 high-risk variables and 9 medium-risk variables were identified, dominated by technical, operational, and management factors, such as the use of heavy equipment by uncertified operators and weak implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and OHS audits. This study concludes that the application of OHS in Project X is still reactive and requires strengthening risk-based safety management systems as well as improving workforce competence to achieve zero accident conditions.