Publication Search

Drug stock-outs are an indicator of pharmaceutical management failure that directly affects patient safety and the quality of hospital services. Gatoel Hospital Mojokerto experienced an increase in the percentage of drug debt from 3.14% in January to 6.20% in July 2025, with 1,607 patients affected. This study aims to identify the factors causing drug stock-outs and formulate preventive strategies through the optimization of the Minimum-Maximum Stock Level (MMSL) system based on the Hospital Information System. A mixed-method approach was used, combining secondary data analysis (January–July 2025) and in-depth interviews. Fishbone analysis was applied to identify root causes, USG analysis to determine priorities, and SWOT analysis to formulate intervention strategies. Priority drug classification was carried out using the ABC-VEN method. The intervention involved implementing an MMSL pilot project for 150 drug items under Pareto category A. The analysis identified six dimensions of stock-out causes: man, materials, methods, machines, measurement, and environment. The highest priority issue was drug demand forecasting based on historical data (USG score: 125). SWOT analysis placed the organization in quadrant II, recommending a Weakness-Opportunities (WO) strategy. MMSL implementation was initiated through the development of SOPs and the entry of 150 priority drug items into the system. Drug stock-outs are caused by multifactorial issues that require systemic intervention. MMSL optimization has the potential to serve as a long-term solution, provided there is expanded coverage, strengthened human resource capacity, and comprehensive system integration.

Bank Syariah Indonesia is a bank whose procedures are carried out in accordance with Islamic law. Bank Syariah Indonesia is a merger of BRI Syariah, BNI Syariah and Bank Mandiri Syariah which was inaugurated on February 1, 2021 or 19 Jumadil Akhir 1442 H. KUR financing is one of the products offered by BSI KC Gatot Subroto Jambi City to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to determine the role of BSI in developing MSMEs in Jambi City. To determine the development of MSMEs after receiving financing from BSI and what factors cause the increase in the MSME economy in Jambi City. The research used by the researcher is a qualitative method, namely conducting observations, interviews and documentation with sources and collecting documentation in the form of documents related to financing. The data sources used by the researcher are primary data from the first source and secondary data from the second source. The results of this study indicate that: BSI has played a role in developing MSMEs in Jambi City by providing additional capital. Factors that have led to the increase in MSMEs in Jambi City are that BSI KCP Gatot Subroto makes it easier for customers to use KUR financing products and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises maximize the capital obtained. The implementation of BSI financing in increasing MSME businesses in Jambi City has been carried out in accordance with procedures, namely providing financing to customers who meet the requirements of BSI KC Gatot Subroto.

This community service activity was carried out to support and strengthen the role of Sunday school teachers in fostering the social and emotional development of preschool children. Early social experiences generally begin in the family, but schools and religious education institutions also play a significant role in shaping children’s abilities to interact, share, and communicate effectively. The program was implemented at PAUD Arastamar Kids Pekanbaru through participatory activities that involved teachers and children. The approach emphasized interactive methods such as giving praise, teaching simple religious values, playing games, and organizing creative learning activities. Examples included origami-making, group singing, storytelling, and encouraging children to share crayons or toys with their peers. These activities not only created a fun and engaging learning atmosphere but also helped children develop empathy, cooperation, and independence. Teachers were guided to consistently integrate these activities into their routines to maximize the positive outcomes. The results of this service showed that Sunday school teachers could effectively encourage positive social-emotional growth by combining religious teachings with play-based and interactive learning. In conclusion, the program provided valuable contributions to strengthening the capacity of teachers while creating a supportive environment for children to interact positively and independently with others.

The potential of women's business groups is still not maximized. There are still many female entrepreneurs who face many challenges in developing their businesses. Indonesian women must prepare themselves to enter the digital economic sector so that they can play a role, can benefit themselves, their families and their environment. In Api-Api village, Wonokerto District, activities were carried out to empower women's business groups to increase competitiveness in the digital business era. The benefits that will be received from this empowerment activity include: (1) women's business groups will be able to understand and implement digital business, (2) women's business groups will be able to manage their businesses well, (3) women's business groups will be able to understand the importance of business legality.

The early childhood period, commonly referred to as the Golden Age, is considered the most critical stage of development, during which rapid advancement in various domains, including language ability, is observed. This study examined how parental communication patterns influence the language development of children in Gla Meunasah Baro Village. Krueng Barona Jaya Subdistrict, Aceh Besar District. An analytic quantitative method was applied, using a cross-sectional design. The study involved a total of 115 parents, and the researcher selected 89 respondents as the sample using purposive sampling. The researcher collected data through questionnaires measured on an ordinal scale and then analyzed the information using univariate and bivariate techniques, including the Chi-Square test. The analysis showed that most respondents, consisting of 85 parents (95.5%), applied good communication patterns, while 3 respondents (3.4%) were classified as moderate, and 1 respondent (1.15%) as poor. In addition, 84 children (94.4%) were identified as not being at risk of language delay, while 5 children (5.6%) were considered potentially at risk. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between parental communication patterns and early childhood language development, as indicated by a ρ value of 0.015 (< α = 0.05). It is suggested that communication with children be carried out in an open, attentive, and reciprocal manner so that their language development can be maximally supported and the risk of delays minimized.

The increasing number of employees and vehicles at the Head Office of PT Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung Enim has created a growing demand for adequate parking facilities. Limited parking space tends to encourage the use of on-street parking, which may lead to traffic congestion and reduce the comfort of the office environment. This study aims to analyze parking capacity and provide optimal management recommendations. The research was conducted through a preliminary survey, literature review, collection of primary and secondary data, and descriptive analysis to determine the parking space requirements for each type of vehicle. The results show that the maximum parking duration for cars and motorcycles is 440 minutes, with peak volumes of 142 vehicles/hour for cars and 124 vehicles/hour for motorcycles at 06.00–06.59. The parking index reached 96.52% for cars and 73.33% for motorcycles. The available static capacity is 115 SRP for cars and 210 SRP for motorcycles, while the ideal parking space requirement is 122 SRP for cars and 151 SRP for motorcycles. In conclusion, the current parking capacity is sufficient for motorcycles but insufficient for cars. Therefore, optimization of parking patterns, such as adjusting the parking angle to 90°, is necessary to increase capacity and improve convenience for all employees.

Energy audits are an essential step in supporting the efficiency of electricity utilization, particularly in large-scale commercial buildings such as shopping malls. This study was conducted to measure and analyze electricity consumption at Pollux Malls Paragon Semarang using a direct measurement approach combined with historical monitoring of energy consumption. The main focus of the audit was on the lighting system and the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system from the Basement to the 6th Floor. Measurement results showed that the Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) ranged between 39.94–45.20 kWh/m²/month, far above the national efficiency standard (maximum 18.5 kWh/m²/month), indicating a highly wasteful energy usage condition. The two main systems contributing to the largest share of consumption were HVAC and lighting, with a combined estimated share exceeding 60% of the total monthly energy use. Based on the analysis, several energy-saving opportunities were identified, including the replacement of energy-efficient lighting (LED), installation of automatic control systems (light, temperature, and timer sensors), and regular maintenance of HVAC systems. With the implementation of technical, managerial, and operational efficiency strategies, it is estimated that energy consumption savings could reach 20–30%, or around 60,000 kWh per month, without compromising visitor comfort.

This study discusses the effect of valve weight and clearance on the efficiency of a hydraulic ram pump, with a focus on optimizing water discharge efficiency in the Sumberingin Tourism Area, Wringinsongo Village, Tumpang, Malang Regency. The method used in this study is an experiment with variations in valve weight consisting of 10 kg, 11 kg, and 12 kg, as well as valve clearances varying between 16.5 mm, 24.5 mm, and 32.5 mm. The results showed that the combination of a valve weight of 10 kg and a clearance of 16.5 mm produced the highest water discharge efficiency, namely 69.7 liters per minute, with an optimal efficiency of around 33%. In the optimization process, the application of Design of Experiment (DOE) revealed that a valve weight of 11 kg and a clearance of 16.5 mm can produce a maximum discharge efficiency of 63.155 with a desirability value reaching 0.7671. These findings indicate that proper settings on valve weight and clearance can contribute significantly to increasing the efficiency of a hydraulic ram pump. This research provides valuable insights into improving the performance and reliability of hydraulic ram pumps in rural water distribution systems. Understanding the influence of these variables is expected to yield more effective solutions for water resource management, particularly in areas requiring efficient irrigation systems. Furthermore, this research also opens up opportunities for further research on hydraulic ram pump optimization by considering other factors that can influence the efficiency and performance of the overall water distribution system. It is hoped that the results of this research can serve as a reference for the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly hydraulic ram pump technology, as well as supporting the sustainability of water resource management in rural areas.

Enhancing the efficiency of renewable energy on ships is crucial for reducing dependency on fossil fuels. This research employs the Research and Development (R&D) method, aiming to design and implement a solar panel optimization system for battery charging, with a focus on increasing power efficiency and providing real-time performance monitoring. The system is designed using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology to maximize the solar panel's power output. A 200Wp solar panel with dimensions of 1290 x 760 x 30 mm was utilized. Static testing results show that the deployed sensors possess a high degree of accuracy, with an average error of 0.71% for the temperature sensor and only 1.81% for the light sensor used to monitor environmental conditions. Dynamic and system integration tests prove that the MPPT implementation significantly increases power output efficiency by 30.83% compared to a system without MPPT. Furthermore, the system with MPPT charges the battery approximately 27% faster. Additionally, the developed Modbus protocol-based monitoring system enables comprehensive and remote monitoring of key parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, and light intensity via a cloud database. Data communication reliability tests confirmed the system's capability to transmit entire data packets to a Google Sheets database at a periodic interval of 15 seconds without failure. Based on these results, the developed solar panel optimization system is feasible for implementation in maritime environments to enhance the utilization efficiency of renewable energy and the operational reliability of onboard systems.

Waste candlenut shells are one type of biomass that has significant potential to be developed as an alternative energy source, particularly in the form of briquettes. Candlenut shells, which are typically discarded as agricultural waste, contain combustible material that can be transformed into solid fuel. However, the traditional briquette molding process is still done manually, which is time-consuming, inefficient, and often results in inconsistent briquette shapes and density. This study aims to design and develop a briquette molding machine specifically for processing candlenut shell waste, with the goal of improving both production efficiency and the quality of the briquettes produced. The research methodology includes several stages: mechanical design, selection of appropriate materials, fabrication of machine components, assembly, and performance testing of the machine. The resulting machine utilizes a screw conveyor compression system powered by a 5.5 HP petrol engine. It features a cylindrical mold with a 40 mm diameter to shape the briquettes uniformly. During the performance test, the machine demonstrated a maximum production capacity of 14.3 kg per hour, with an average processing time of 24 minutes and a briquette yield reaching up to 85%. The findings indicate that the machine can significantly streamline the briquette production process while maintaining product consistency and quality. This briquette molding machine is particularly suitable for household and small-scale industries aiming to utilize renewable energy sources and reduce dependency on fossil fuels. The use of this machine also supports environmental sustainability by converting agricultural waste into a usable energy product.  

Sustainable tourism aims to maximize the potential of travel destinations while maintaining a careful balance between social, economic, and environmental factors, and coastal tourism such as that found at Mutun Beach in Lampung illustrates both the promise and the urgency of this approach. Coastal tourism is one of the fastest-growing segments of the global travel industry, offering visitors natural beauty, recreational activities, and cultural experiences that generate significant income for local economies. In Indonesia, beaches are major attractions that can boost regional development through job creation, small business opportunities, and improved infrastructure. Mutun Beach, a well-known coastal destination on the southern coast of Sumatra, contributes greatly to the Regional Original Income (PAD) of Lampung Province and provides livelihoods for surrounding communities. Yet despite its popularity, the area continues to face persistent problems such as weak administrative management, limited community participation, inadequate facilities, and signs of environmental degradation, all of which threaten its long-term sustainability. This service project therefore focuses on designing a comprehensive plan for sustainable tourism growth at Mutun Beach for the 2025–2030 period. A participatory strategy is employed through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) involving local government, tourism stakeholders, community members, academics, and potential investors to ensure inclusive decision-making. The resulting five-stage roadmap emphasizes strengthening tourism regulations, constructing eco-friendly infrastructure, empowering residents with training and entrepreneurial opportunities, creating tourism products that highlight environmental and cultural values, and adopting digital marketing to reach broader audiences. Success indicators include increased regional revenue, rising visitor numbers, higher tourist satisfaction, and measurable improvements in coastal environmental health. Implementing this roadmap is urgent because coastal tourism directly supports economic growth, provides steady employment, and safeguards natural resources, ensuring that Mutun Beach remains both competitive and environmentally resilient for generations to come.

The rapid expansion of digital platforms in higher education has paved the way for Virtual Exchange (VE) as a viable alternative to traditional student mobility programs. VE leverages online technologies to connect university students from diverse cultural and academic backgrounds, enabling cross-cultural communication and global collaboration without the financial and geographical barriers associated with physical exchanges. Despite its potential, challenges remain regarding student engagement, technological limitations, and reduced immersion compared to face-to-face interactions. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VE in fostering intercultural awareness and teamwork skills among university students. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys to measure intercultural competence and collaboration with qualitative interviews to explore students’ experiences in depth. The findings indicate that VE contributes significantly to the development of intercultural understanding, digital literacy, and teamwork, with students reporting enhanced awareness of cultural diversity and improved adaptability in online collaboration. Visual and statistical analyses highlight clear patterns in how VE facilitates skill development, while qualitative data emphasize both the benefits and obstacles students encounter, such as managing time zone differences and cultural nuances. The study concludes that VE represents an inclusive and scalable educational approach that complements traditional exchange programs, offering broader access to global learning opportunities while addressing issues of equity and accessibility. However, its limitations suggest that VE should be integrated strategically, potentially through hybrid models that balance virtual and physical mobility to maximize its impact.

This study investigates the influence of employing Atta Halilintar as a brand ambassador on the improvement of products and services at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) through the lens of business communication. The research employs a quantitative approach with data collected via questionnaires from 100 respondents, both BSI customers and non-customers. Respondents assessed seven key variables: awareness, image, relevance, product knowledge, purchase intention, word of mouth, and engagement. The findings reveal that the brand ambassador has a moderate impact on strengthening BSI’s products and services, with average scores falling within the “fair” range of 2.76–3.1 on a four-point Likert scale. Awareness recorded the highest score of 3.1, reflecting the effectiveness of Atta Halilintar in enhancing brand recognition among the younger generation. Conversely, purchase intention received the lowest score of 2.76, suggesting that although awareness and positive image improved, they have not yet translated into higher conversion rates or actual product usage. These results highlight that the presence of a brand ambassador primarily boosts visibility and engagement but requires complementary strategies such as product education, interactive campaigns, and community-based marketing to achieve stronger customer adoption. Thus, the study underscores the importance of integrating brand ambassador initiatives with broader business communication strategies to maximize both awareness and transactional outcomes in Islamic banking.

This research positions tourism as a key driver for rural economic transformation via the Community-Based Ecotourism model. Lubuk Langkap Nature Tourism Village, South Bengkulu, has excellent natural assets (pristine), such as clear rivers and tropical forests, supported by good social capital. However, this potential is structurally constrained by a Severe Institutional Crisis within the Village-Owned Enterprise, marked by informal management, lack of standard accounting, and vulnerability to moral hazard risk (misconduct). The Main Thesis asserts that this institutional crisis is not merely a technical issue but a major root problem that weakens Social Capital, damages community Capability, and risks permanent environmental damage. The study uses in-depth strategic analysis focusing on the New Institutional Economics and an integrated SWOT framework, employing interpretive descriptive qualitative methods. The analysis formulates an integrated Community-Based Ecotourism development strategy within a Governance framework that is Strengthened by Risk a system designed to become more resilient when facing shocks (moral hazard risk). The Integrated Action Strategy includes: (1) Establishing Exclusive Village-Owned Enterprise Regulatory Control Rights over the entrance gate and Environmental Carrying Capacity; (2) Implementing a physical Daily Public Financial Dashboard to prevent misconduct; and (3) Legalizing Village Regulations (Perdes) on Conservation Zoning and Maximum Daily Visitor Limits. Implementing a Niche Premium Operational Business Plan (OBP), detailing a High Pricing Strategy (including a Conservation Fee) and a fair Proportional Revenue Sharing Formula, is key to achieving improved welfare and ecological sustainability in South Bengkulu.

This study examines the effectiveness of Open Data policies in enhancing public participation and government accountability in Poso Regency. Utilizing a library research approach, it analyzes secondary data to assess how open access to public data fosters transparency and civic engagement. The findings reveal that Open Data, through initiatives like the Village Information Sistem (SID), improves administrative efficiency and financial oversight, yet faces challenges such as limited digital literacy, unstable internet connectivity, and public apathy. These factors hinder optimal participation and accountability. The study highlights the need for digital literacy programs, improved infrastructure, and inclusive leadership to maximize the policy’s impact. Open Data serves as a catalyst for sustainable local governance and development in Poso.

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Jakpreneur program in reducing unemployment in South Jakarta. Jakpreneur is a strategic initiative launched by the Jakarta Provincial Government as a concrete effort to empower Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This program is designed with various forms of support, such as skills training, business mentoring, legal licensing facilitation, product marketing support, and easy access to capital. This aims to create an inclusive and sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem, especially amidst the complex challenges of the urban economy and the ongoing unemployment rate. However, in its implementation on the ground, the program's effectiveness still faces several obstacles. One of the main problems identified is the suboptimality of information technology-based training. Many participants have not yet mastered basic digital skills, making it difficult to keep up with developments in training methods that rely on technology. In addition, the low level of responsiveness of program facilitators to participant needs, as well as the limited digital literacy of MSMEs, also hinders maximizing the benefits of this program. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation studies. The findings indicate that, despite some shortcomings, the Jakpreneur program has been generally successful in improving participants' entrepreneurial knowledge and skills, reaching the right target audience, and having a tangible impact on increasing business capacity and reducing unemployment. Therefore, strengthening outreach, improving the quality of digital training, and providing more active and responsive mentoring is necessary to further enhance the program's effectiveness.

The rapid advancement of science and technology requires universities to provide safe, comfortable, and representative learning facilities. One such initiative is the construction of a five-story lecture building at Dr. Soetomo University, designed with a steel structure as an alternative to reinforced concrete. Steel was chosen due to its high tensile strength, uniform material properties, lighter weight, ease of installation, and strong resistance to earthquake loads. This study aims to design a five-story lecture building with a steel structure that meets the requirements of strength, stability, and safety in accordance with applicable standards. The method applied is structural planning based on SNI 1729:2020, SNI 1727:2020, and SNI 1726:2019 using the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) approach. Structural analysis was conducted with SAP2000 version 2014 through three-dimensional modeling that considers geometry, material properties, loading, and placement. The results show that the selected steel profiles for beams, columns, and connections are capable of supporting the combination of dead loads, live loads, and seismic loads with safe performance. The maximum stress remains below the allowable limit, and the deflection values do not exceed the permitted deviation. These findings confirm that steel provides efficiency in dimensions and materials while offering practicality and earthquake resistance, and the design produced can serve as a useful reference for future multi-story building projects in earthquake-prone regions.

Biomass is one of the materials that can be utilized as fuel. To ensure optimal quality, effective management of biomass is required to maximize its potential. One possible approach is the application of a biomass stove fueled by rubber wood pellets. By integrating a thermoelectric generator, data can be obtained to determine whether all aspects meet the established standards. This system is designed to generate electrical energy from combustion heat, supported by components such as a buck-boost converter and a 3V DC lamp. Testing was carried out using proximate and ultimate analyses on the fuel as well as the Water Boiling Test (WBT) on the stove, referring to SNI 8021:2020 and SNI 8021:2014 standards. The results showed that rubber wood pellets contained 7.64% moisture and had a calorific value of 4050 kcal/kg. The stove demonstrated an efficiency of 23.53%–37.28% and a fuel consumption rate of 0.61–0.77 kg/hour, both of which meet the requirements. In addition, the thermoelectric generator produced a voltage of 3.6 V and an electric current of 0.05 A, which are higher than those reported in previous studies (2.06 V and 0.01 A, respectively). Therefore, this thermoelectric biomass stove system is considered successful and feasible for further development as an alternative energy application.

This study investigates the role of peer social support in enhancing self-confidence among adolescents at the Amal Wanita An-Nur Orphanage in Depok, Indonesia. Adolescents living in orphanages often experience psychological challenges, including low self-confidence and limited social interaction, which can affect their personal growth and future orientation. The objective of this research is to explore how peer social support contributes to strengthening self-confidence and to identify the forms, driving factors, and obstacles of such support. A qualitative descriptive method was applied through observation, interviews, and documentation, involving seven informants consisting of the orphanage head, caregivers, and adolescents. Findings show that three types of support emotional, appraisal, and informational play a dominant role in fostering self-confidence. Emotional support was expressed through empathy and active listening, appraisal support was provided through recognition of achievements and encouragement, while informational support involved advice and constructive feedback. Meanwhile, instrumental and network support were less emphasized due to limited resources. Despite the presence of barriers such as feelings of inferiority, miscommunication, and differences in emotional readiness, peer support proved effective in motivating adolescents, strengthening their resilience, and fostering positive self-perception. The implications suggest the need for structured peer-support programs, facilitated by caregivers and social workers, to maximize adolescents’ potential and prepare them for future challenges. Thus, this study demonstrates that peer social support serves not only as a protective factor but also as a social learning tool that shapes adolescents' interpersonal skills. Targeted programs can increase self-confidence, expand social relationships, and create a more supportive and inclusive nursing home environment.

In today’s fast-paced digital era, health information is no longer obtained solely through direct visits to health facilities but can also be accessed through information technology such as E-Health platforms and social media. Through these digital tools, mothers not only gain basic knowledge about child health but also acquire essential information, such as how to prevent stunting, maintain optimal nutrition during the first 1,000 days of a child’s life, and improve maternal health. Easily accessible information has become an important resource for parents, especially mothers, in supporting the maximum growth and development of their children from an early age. This community service activity, entitled Optimizing Maternal and Child Health in the Technological Era, aimed to improve participants’ knowledge while also shaping positive attitudes toward the use of information technology and social media. Through this program, participants were encouraged to be more skillful and selective in accessing accurate health information, thus supporting efforts to maintain maternal and child health both within the family and in the school environment. The activity was carried out at TK IT Al-Andalusia, Gowa Regency, involving parents, teachers, and the school community. The results showed that the program was implemented successfully and smoothly, receiving very positive responses from participants. They were highly enthusiastic throughout the sessions, from lectures to interactive discussions. Furthermore, participants expressed their hope that similar activities could be conducted regularly and on an ongoing basis. In this way, the benefits achieved can be sustained, leading to improved health outcomes and the development of healthier lifestyles in schools and the wider community.