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Basic immunization is one of the main pillars in the effort to control infectious diseases, which is important for the health of children from an early age. In order to achieve optimal health, immunization helps prevent diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, and measles that can cause serious complications or even death. The immunization program implemented at Posyandu Terkini 1 in Mario Village has a positive impact on public health, with an immunization coverage rate showing 97.90% in the South Sulawesi region. This study focuses on factors that influence the utilization of basic immunization at Posyandu Terkini 1 in Mario Village. In a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach, researchers involved the entire population consisting of 89 infants and toddlers in Mario Village through a total sampling method. Using the Chi Square test, this study identified factors related to the utilization of immunization services, namely maternal knowledge, maternal attitudes, family support, and support from health workers. The results showed that these factors significantly influenced the utilization of basic immunization, while access to immunization services did not show a significant relationship. This research makes an important contribution to the development of public health policies, particularly in increasing community participation in immunization programs. With a more integrated approach, particularly in educating the community about the benefits of immunization and the importance of support from families and health workers, it is hoped that immunization coverage in villages will be broader and more equitable. These findings will be published in the Jurnal Kesehatan (Health Journal) to provide further insights for relevant stakeholders in improving the quality of immunization services. Furthermore, this study also emphasizes the importance of the active role of health workers in educating parents, especially mothers, about the benefits of immunization and the vaccine schedule.

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease (NCD) with a high prevalence in Indonesia and is a major cause of serious complications, such as stroke, kidney failure, and heart disease. The high incidence of hypertension makes this disease a primary focus of NCD control efforts at the primary healthcare level. The Ulee Kareng Community Health Center has implemented a sustainable hypertension control program for the past three years with the aim of reducing the incidence of complications and improving patients' quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the hypertension control program using a logic model framework that encompasses five aspects: input, process, output, outcome, and impact. The research method used is descriptive analytic with a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data to obtain a comprehensive overview of program implementation. The results indicate that the hypertension control program at the Ulee Kareng Community Health Center has had a positive impact. In terms of output and outcome, there has been an increase in patient compliance with therapy prescribed by healthcare professionals, a decrease in blood pressure in the majority of patients, and a decrease in the number of hypertension-related complications. This indicates that the program is quite effective in achieving its intended goals. However, several challenges remain. The main problems lie in the suboptimal data recording system and the suboptimal delivery of health education. To improve the program's effectiveness in the future, recommendations include strengthening the monitoring and evaluation system, increasing the capacity of health workers and cadres through training, and developing innovative media and educational strategies to make information more easily understood and applied by the public.

Pregnancy is a unique natural condition because although it is not a disease, it often causes complications due to various anatomical and physiological changes in the mother's body. Pregnant women who suffer from anemia can have an impact on the fetus, such as premature birth, the risk of low birth weight (LBW), fetal abnormalities, and increased risk of fetal distress. In general, the causes of anemia in pregnancy are iron deficiency and acute bleeding or even the interaction of both. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the effectiveness of giving red spinach juice and Ambon bananas on Hb levels in pregnant women in the third trimester. The design used in this study was a quantitative inferential study including the pre-experimental type with two group pretest-posttest. Based on the time of data collection, it included the cross-sectional type, sourced from primary and secondary data. An assessment of the difference in increasing HB levels was carried out before and after treatment (Pretest and Postest two Group Design). Data analysis consisted of univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of the analysis showed an effect in giving red spinach juice and Ambon bananas. It is hoped that the Health Center will facilitate health workers (midwives) in providing information on providing guava juice with red spinach leaf juice as an alternative for preventing and managing anemia during pregnancy in the Health Center's work area.    

Language development in preschool children is an important aspect in supporting children's cognitive, social, and emotional abilities in the future. One environmental factor that is thought to contribute to speech delay is excessive use of gadgets at an early age. This study aims to analyze the effect of gadget use on speech delay in children aged 3–5 years at the Tungoi Community Health Center. This study uses an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 50 children aged 3–5 years who met the inclusion criteria, using consecutive sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire on gadget use filled out by parents and a screening of children's speech development. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that most children used gadgets for more than one hour per day (70%) and more than half of the respondents experienced speech delay (56%). The Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship between gadget use and the occurrence of speech delay (p = 0.000). Children with longer gadget use had a greater risk of speech development delay compared to children with more limited gadget use. The conclusion of this study indicates that gadget use is a significant risk factor for speech delay in children aged 3–5 years. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the duration of gadget use and increase the role of parents and health workers in providing optimal verbal stimulation and assistance to support children's language development.

Stunting is a major public health problem that has long-term impacts on the quality of human resources, affecting physical growth, cognitive development, and socio-economic outcomes. The Indonesian government has identified the acceleration of stunting reduction as a national priority, requiring cross-sector collaboration and active community participation. This article aims to describe the implementation and outcomes of a Community Service Program (Community Service) based on a collaborative approach to support stunting reduction efforts in Kelurahan Laksamana. The program employed a participatory method through health education, interactive discussions, and partnership strengthening among the community, health workers, and educational institutions. The results indicate an increased level of community awareness and understanding regarding stunting, the importance of routine health check-ups, and the role of families in stunting prevention. Furthermore, the program strengthened partnerships and enhanced community trust in local health services. This community service activity contributes positively to building collective awareness and serves as a strategic initial step toward sustainable stunting reduction at the local level.

Anemia is a global health problem with a high prevalence among adolescents, especially girls, due to increased iron requirements, rapid growth, and menstruation. This condition impacts health, concentration, and quality of life. Hemoglobin, as an indicator of anemia, plays a crucial role in oxygen transport, so adolescents' understanding of its function is crucial. This activity aims to increase adolescents' understanding of the role of hemoglobin and anemia prevention through health education at SMK Negeri 10 Garut. The method used was a participatory approach through an initial questionnaire, material delivery, discussion, and post-education evaluation. The results showed an increase in students' knowledge about anemia and hemoglobin. This education effectively increases adolescents' awareness and motivation to improve their diets, so it needs to be implemented continuously with the support of schools, parents, and health workers.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a systematic effort aimed at protecting workers from the risks of accidents and work-related diseases. The implementation of OHS integrated with risk management helps identify, evaluate, and control potential hazards effectively in the workplace. This study was conducted at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama, Balikpapan Branch, a company engaged in asphalt production. The main objectives of this research were to identify potential hazards, determine appropriate control measures, and evaluate the role of the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method in supporting OHS. The research method used is JSA, which involves identifying each work step, determining the likelihood and severity of risks, and calculating the risk rating to assess the level of risk. The results showed that there are three potential hazards with a medium-risk category, namely in the activities of raw material mixing, quality control, and asphalt distribution. Additionally, three potential hazards with a low-risk category were found in the processes of raw material weighing, raw material transfer, and pump line valve opening. Recommended control measures to reduce risks include the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for each task, improving work facilities and infrastructure, and implementing proper load lifting procedures. The application of JSA has proven effective in raising the company's awareness of potential risks in the workplace. This has led to the implementation of better preventive measures, ultimately contributing to the creation of a safer, healthier, and more productive work environment. Therefore, the integration of OHS with risk management at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama plays a significant role in safeguarding the safety and well-being of workers.

The Terminal Loading Area (TLA) API at PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam functions as a facility for processing oily water before being discharged into the environment. One of the main issues faced is the accumulation of thick floc (oil clumps) due to high emulsions in crude oil, along with the malfunctioning water spray valve on line 1, causing operators to resort to manual spraying using hydrant water. This increases the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals such as Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene (BTX), which poses a health threat to workers. Therefore, improvements to the water spray system are needed to reduce BTX exposure and enhance the effectiveness of oil-water separation. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of proposed improvements to the water spray system to reduce BTX exposure and improve the efficiency of oil-water separation. The methodology used includes literature review, field study, and technical testing. Proposed solutions include replacing or repairing the damaged water spray valve, adding piping networks to compartment 2 to distribute water more evenly, and using treated water (produced water) to optimize the system and reduce reliance on hydrant water. The results of the study indicate that replacing or repairing the water spray valve, adding piping networks, and using produced water effectively reduce BTX exposure while maintaining oil recovery effectiveness. The trials also showed that using the Oil Pump (P-3230 & P-3235) provides optimal pressure (8–9 barg) for water spray, compared to the less effective Water Pump (P-3200 & P-3205). Implementing these solutions is expected to reduce BTX exposure for workers, improve oil-water separation efficiency, and contribute to a safer and more efficient working environment.

This study aims to analyze the adaptation strategies of Ananda Sehat Karangsono Clinic in facing the competition in healthcare services in the era of the National Health Insurance (JKN). The background of this research is based on the increasingly fierce competition between healthcare facilities, both clinics and hospitals, in providing fast, efficient, and quality services according to JKN standards. The presence of the JKN program, which demands integrated, transparent, and technology-based services, encourages clinics to innovate to remain competitive and maintain operational sustainability. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies. Research informants included clinic leaders, healthcare workers, and administrative staff, thus providing a comprehensive perspective on the implemented adaptation strategies. The results show that Ananda Sehat Karangsono Clinic has integrated digital technologies, such as the Mobile JKN application and WhatsApp, to speed up the registration process, verify patient data, and facilitate communication. This innovation can improve the efficiency of service flows, reduce queues, and create a better service experience for patients. In addition, the clinic emphasizes the importance of patient satisfaction by improving service quality, speed, and friendliness of healthcare workers and support staff. The adaptation strategy implemented was not limited to technological aspects, but also encompassed operational efficiency and humanistic interpersonal services. Overall, the clinic's adaptation strategy was flexible and holistic, encompassing digitalization, strengthening internal management, and developing positive patient relationships. These findings confirm that the clinic was able to maintain competitiveness and service sustainability amidst the dynamics of the National Health Insurance (JKN) and the digitalization of the healthcare system.  

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a public health problem in Indonesia, including in Banjarmasin City. Low public knowledge and awareness of clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) are also factors in the high rate of TB transmission. Health education is a strategic step in addressing this problem. This study aims to determine the effect of health education using lecture methods and audio-visual media on increasing knowledge in TB prevention efforts in the Alalak Tengah Community Health Center working area. The research design used was a pre-experimental study with a one-group pre-test post-test design approach. The study sample consisted of 51 respondents selected by purposive sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire administered before and after the education, then analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed a significant increase in knowledge after the education intervention (p value <0.05). Before the education, most respondents were in the sufficient and poor knowledge categories, while after the education, most respondents moved to the good knowledge category. This indicates that the combination of lecture methods and audio-visual media can effectively increase public understanding. Delivering information through visualization has proven to be more engaging and easier to understand for a wide range of audiences. The conclusion of this study is that this outreach method is effective as a medium for educating the public about TB prevention. A similar approach can be implemented more widely in other regions to support the national TB control program. Consistent and sustainable education programs are essential to maintain high levels of public knowledge. The involvement of health workers, cadres, and community leaders is also a crucial factor in the success of outreach. This strategy is expected to be replicated in other regions with a high TB ​​burden.

This study examines the implementation of home care-based health service innovations at Dr. M. Thomsen Nias Regional General Hospital as an adaptive strategy to overcome limited access to services in island regions. The aim is to analyze the benefits, challenges, and strategies for strengthening the program, with a focus on human resource management aspects. The research method employs a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentary studies involving relevant stakeholders. The results indicate that home care significantly improves accessibility for vulnerable groups, reduces geographical barriers, and enhances the quality of interaction between healthcare workers and patients. The program's success is influenced by visionary leadership, selective recruitment, continuous training, and sustained work motivation. However, challenges such as high workloads, logistical limitations, and suboptimal cross-unit coordination remain. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of institutional strengthening, the establishment of a dedicated home care unit, the use of information technology, and cross-sector collaboration based on local values to ensure the sustainability of the program and improve the health status of communities in remote areas. Furthermore, this study underscores the importance of continuously evaluating the performance of home care services through measurable indicators based on local needs. Routine monitoring and active community involvement as beneficiaries can increase accountability and encourage participation in maintaining service continuity. Strengthening an organizational culture that is adaptive and responsive to changes in the external environment is also key to anticipating the dynamic health needs of island communities. Thus, the home care approach is not merely a short-term solution but also part of the transformation of the health care system toward a more inclusive and socially just model. 

Hyperemesis gravidarum is a condition of excessive nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, which can lead to dehydration, weight loss, potassium deficiency (hypokalemia), and serious metabolic disorders. If left untreated, this condition can trigger complications such as ketosis, liver dysfunction, and even death. The exact cause is unknown, but several predisposing factors, such as multiple pregnancies, hydatidiform moles, psychological conditions (such as stress, fear of pregnancy), and a decreased immune system in pregnant women, are believed to play a role (Maryunani, 2018). Persistent nausea and vomiting cause the body to use carbohydrate and fat reserves for energy, which produces toxic metabolites. As a result, body tissues receive fewer nutrients and oxygen. Furthermore, potassium loss through vomiting and urine can contribute to hypokalemia and worsen vomiting. According to Maryunani (2019), this condition occurs more frequently in 60–80% of primiparous pregnant women and 40–60% of multiparous pregnant women during the first trimester. This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional approach to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum. The results showed a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.015) and attitudes of pregnant women (p = 0.006) towards the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum. It is hoped that health workers, especially in Community Health Centers, will be more active in providing education to pregnant women regarding the prevention of hyperemesis gravidarum. Pregnant women are also expected to regularly check their pregnancies and seek appropriate information to maintain their health during pregnancy. This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional approach to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum. The results showed a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.015) and attitudes of pregnant women (p = 0.006) towards the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum.

This study aims to systematically review the effectiveness of occupational health and safety (OHS) programs in improving patient safety in hospitals. The background of this study highlights the importance of occupational safety as an integral part of healthcare quality, where failures in OHS management may not only affect healthcare workers but also directly impact patient outcomes. The method used was a systematic literature review guided by the PRISMA approach, covering articles published between 2020 and 2025. A total of 28 articles were analyzed after a rigorous screening process from 412 initial records across multiple databases. The findings reveal that OHS programs contribute to patient safety through structured training and education, transparent risk management and incident reporting systems, and the establishment of a strong safety culture. These efforts have been shown to reduce adverse events, hospital-acquired infections, and medical errors. The implications of this review highlight that strengthening OHS programs should be considered a strategic component in hospital management to achieve sustainable improvements in patient safety and quality of care.

This study discusses the influence of parenting patterns on children's social development in Maukeli Village, Mauponggo District, Nagekeo Regency. Community service activities in the form of socialization carried out on May 14, 2025 aimed to increase the understanding of mothers and the community regarding the importance of healthy and positive parenting patterns in supporting the growth and formation of children's character. The methods used include lectures, discussions, simulations, evaluations, and feedback, involving mothers and children as participants. The results of the activity show that the parenting patterns applied in Maukeli Village are still diverse, so this socialization provides knowledge and practical skills in child care that can shape children's character and emotional development optimally. This activity emphasizes the importance of the active role of mothers as primary caregivers and collaboration between the village government, health workers, and the community in creating a conducive family environment for child development. With ongoing assistance, it is hoped that children in Maukeli Village can grow into independent, responsible, and highly competitive individuals.

The effectiveness of reporting within the reporting information system at Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) is crucial for supporting data‑driven decision‑making, health‑program planning, and performance monitoring. Accurate and timely reporting enables healthcare administrators to analyze trends, allocate resources efficiently, and improve patient outcomes through evidence‑based interventions. This article analyzes the factors influencing reporting effectiveness at Puskesmas in Serang Regency, including technological, human‑resource, and organizational factors. The study employs a literature‑review and case‑analysis approach, highlighting challenges and offering recommendations to improve reporting effectiveness. The results indicate that limitations in infrastructure, staff competency, digital literacy, as well as management support and policy, are key factors that must be addressed to optimize the reporting system in Serang Regency’s Puskesmas. Technological barriers—such as inadequate hardware, software, and internet connectivity—often hinder the seamless collection and transmission of health data. Human‑resource challenges, including insufficient training and low digital literacy among staff, can lead to data‑entry errors and delays. Organizational factors—such as clear policies, standard operating procedures, and a supportive management culture—are also essential for sustaining high‑quality reporting practices. Furthermore, the integration of health informatics and continuous quality‑improvement initiatives can enhance the reliability and usability of reported data, ultimately supporting better health outcomes at the community level. The study concludes that a holistic approach—encompassing technological upgrades, ongoing staff development, and strong organizational leadership—is necessary to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of reporting systems in primary‑healthcare settings.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a major pathogenic bacterium causing nosocomial infections, known to exhibit high levels of resistance to various antibiotic classes, including β-lactams and aminoglycosides. This widespread resistance poses a significant challenge in hospital patient management, particularly in cases of severe and difficult-to-treat infections. This study aimed to analyze the resistance patterns of A. baumannii to four types of antibiotics in patients with various blood types at Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro General Hospital, Klaten. The research method used was a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with healthcare workers, analysis of patient medical records, and limited observation of clinical practice. The focus of the study was directed at the relationship between patient blood type and the level of antibiotic resistance of A. baumannii. The results showed variations in resistance patterns based on blood type. Patients with blood type AB showed the highest level of resistance to all tested antibiotics, with a prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) reaching 85%. In contrast, patients with blood type O showed the lowest resistance and the highest proportion of non-MDR isolates compared to other groups. These findings indicate the role of host factors, namely blood type, in influencing the level of resistance of A. baumannii. The suspected mechanisms involved include differences in surface antigens that influence bacterial adhesion, biofilm formation, and the host immune response. The practical implication of this study is the need to consider blood type as a factor in empirical antibiotic therapy, especially in cases of nosocomial infections caused by A. baumannii.

Home industries are small- to medium-scale production units operated within or near households, typically relying on family members or a limited local workforce, with modest capital and without large-scale industrial technology. In furniture production, the main outputs are household items such as chairs, tables, wardrobes, beds, and shelves, while by-products include sawdust and unused wood pieces. Airborne pollutants— particularly wood dust (PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅) from sanding and cutting, along with fumes from paints, solvents, and adhesives—pose significant short- and long-term health risks to workers. This community service project, in collaboration with higher education institutions, aimed to establish long-term control measures. Initial steps involved measuring PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅ concentrations and assessing workers’ blood oxygen levels. Using a descriptive approach, workplace conditions were compared before and after work. Findings revealed a correlation between dust levels and blood oxygen saturation, supporting recommendations for long-term occupational health interventions.

The high mortality and morbidity rates of infants in Indonesia remain a serious public health problem. One of the main causes of this condition is the emergence of infectious diseases that can actually be prevented through basic immunization. Diseases such as diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, measles, and hepatitis B are types of diseases that can be prevented by immunization, yet many children still have not received complete immunizations. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge levels and the completeness of basic immunization status of children aged 12–24 months in RW 13 Kp. Sapan, Sumbersari Village. This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design and was conducted in August 2024. A total of 39 mothers with children aged 12–24 months became the study respondents through a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire, and the data obtained were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that the majority of mothers had a sufficient level of knowledge, namely 21 mothers (53.8%). In addition, the majority of toddlers, 28 children (71.85%), had received complete basic immunizations. The results of statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and the completeness of children's basic immunizations with a p value of 0.006 (p < 0.05). This indicates that the higher the mother's knowledge regarding the importance of immunization, the greater the likelihood of the child receiving complete basic immunizations. Therefore, it is important for mothers to continue to increase their knowledge about immunizations through various sources of information such as books, counseling, or consultations with health workers, so that efforts to prevent infectious diseases in children can be optimally achieved.

This community service program aims to improve the quality of services at Puskesmas (community health centers) through intensive assistance in content creation and digital communication media. The main issue addressed is the low digital literacy among healthcare workers at Puskesmas in managing effective communication media to reach the public. This has led to low community participation in health programs run by Puskesmas. Therefore, this program is designed to enhance healthcare workers' skills in utilizing digital technology for health promotion and improving communication effectiveness with the public. The program implementation involves several stages: (1) an initial survey to assess the condition of existing communication media, (2) training on creating engaging and informative health education content, (3) workshops on graphic design and health promotion video creation, (4) guidance on using social media platforms to disseminate health information, and (5) continuous evaluation and monitoring to ensure the sustainability of the program. This activity involves 25 healthcare workers from 5 selected Puskesmas, with a mentoring duration of 6 months. The results show significant improvements, including: an increase in healthcare workers' ability to create digital content from 30% to 85%, a 200% increase in public engagement with health information, and a 150% increase in the coverage of health promotion services. Additionally, the program has produced 120 pieces of health education content, 15 health promotion videos, and 8 successful digital campaigns that have successfully enhanced public participation in health programs. The long-term impact of this program is the increased public awareness of preventive health and improved access to Puskesmas services. This program can also be replicated in other regions as a model for improving the quality of primary healthcare services through optimal use of digital technology, which can accelerate the achievement of national health development goals.

This study investigates the adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) by registration staff at Tangkiling Health Center, Palangka Raya, using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework. Out of 61 total healthcare workers, five medical record staff with educational backgrounds in midwifery, nursing, dental nursing, and non-medical high school were purposively selected as research participants. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method, combining in-depth interviews and direct field observations. Results indicate that while the staff acknowledged the usefulness of EMR in improving service efficiency and data accessibility, several barriers hindered its effective use—primarily a lack of training, limited digital literacy, unstable internet connectivity, and inadequate hardware such as computers and printers. Observations showed that only the registration unit had a single shared computer, while other units like outpatient clinics, pharmacy, and cashier still relied on manual documentation. This fragmentation has led to duplicate workloads and disrupted patient data continuity. Despite these challenges, the staff demonstrated a positive attitude and strong behavioral intention to adopt EMR if provided with sufficient infrastructure and regular training. The study concludes that successful EMR implementation in primary healthcare requires not only user acceptance but also institutional readiness, adequate resources, and integrated systems across all service units.