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Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are vital for managing and controlling critical infrastructures, such as industrial control systems, power grids, and transportation networks. These systems integrate digital and physical components, offering numerous benefits for industrial automation. However, the increasing interconnectivity of these systems has introduced new security vulnerabilities, particularly in anomaly detection and system reliability. This research aims to address these challenges by proposing an edge based anomaly detection framework that leverages lightweight deep learning models, specifically designed to operate efficiently on resource constrained edge devices. Literature Review: Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of anomaly detection in CPS, with traditional methods struggling to keep up with the complexity and scale of modern industrial environments. Machine learning and deep learning approaches, particularly hybrid models combining rule based systems and AI, have emerged as effective solutions for real time anomaly detection. Techniques such as model compression, quantization, and pruning are essential for adapting these models to resource limited edge devices while maintaining high detection accuracy and low latency. Materials and Method: The proposed framework integrates deep learning models such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks, optimized for edge computing environments. The datasets used for training and testing include industrial network traffic and sensor anomaly datasets. Model optimization techniques like pruning and quantization were applied to reduce computational overhead and energy consumption on edge devices. Results and Discussion: The framework demonstrated high detection accuracy (AUC of 0.9720) with ultra low latency (0.0019 seconds training time), making it highly suitable for real time anomaly detection in CPS. Resource efficiency was achieved by optimizing the models for edge devices, reducing energy consumption while maintaining performance. The framework also significantly improved security by identifying anomalies early, preventing potential threats to critical infrastructures. Future directions include exploring federated learning to enhance privacy and data sharing across distributed devices.

This research highlights the comparison of the effectiveness of warm water tepid sponge compresses and fever plasters on body temperature in pre-school children with Febris at the Tanah Abang District Health Center, Jakarta, which will be carried out from December 2023 to January 2024. This research uses a quantitative approach with a Two research design Group Pretest Posttest. The sample for this research consisted of 32 pre- school children who would be divided into 2 groups, for each compress treatment with inclusion & exclusion criteria. The instrument used was an observation sheet in the form of a table check list regarding the SOP for implementing warm water tepid sponge compresses and fever plaster compresses. As well as an observation sheet in the form of a body temperature observation sheet before, during and after the warm water tepid sponge compress and fever plaster. Research Results Description of the temperature before and after using a warm water tepid sponge compress before it was 38,530C and after it was 37,370C and using a Plaster Compress before it was 38,350C and after it was 37,660C. The results of the dependent t statistical test showed that the warm water tepid sponge   had a p value of 0.000 and the Fever Plaster had a p value of 0.000, meaning that there was an effect of warm water tepid sponge compresses and fever plasters on body temperature in pre-school   children with Febris   at the Tanah Abang District Health Center, Jakarta. will be carried out in December 2023. The results of the independent T test show that the p value is 0.000, so there is a difference between the Warm water tepid sponge Compress group and the Fever Plaster group on the body temperature of pre-school children with fever at the Tanah Abang District Health Center and compresses using the warm water tepid sponge technique are more effective in reducing body temperature. The difference in degrees of reduction in body temperature is -0.481.

The impact of LBW poses many risks regarding problems in the body's system due to unstable body condition which can cause death. The causes of LBW are due to fetal factors, placental factors and maternal factors. Preeclampsia is a problem of serious maternal factors and has a high level of complexity. The results of the preliminary study in 2021 totaled 34 people with preeclampsia and 60 cases of low birth weight babies. Research objective is to determine the effectiveness of compresses of warm water and hibiscus leaves in lowering the body temperature of toddlers in the Banua Lawas Health Center area. The research methods is Quasi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test research design without a control group. A sample of 30 people were divided into warm water compress groups and hibiscus leaf compress groups. Collecting data by observing according to SOP (Standard Operating Procedure). Data analysis using wilxocon. Resulted that the mean temperature in the warm water compress group before being given was 36.9°C and after being given was 36.3°C (the difference was 0.58°C). The average temperature in the hibiscus leaf compress group before being given was 36.8 °C and after being given 36.1 °C (the difference was 0,33 °C). There is a difference between warm water compresses and hibiscus leaves in reducing temperature in toddlers with fever in the Banua Lawas Health Center area (p-value ˂ 0.000). Concluded that both types of compresses are effective in reducing body temperature in children with fever but warm water compresses are more effective than hibiscus leaf compresses.

Uric acid is a severe and painful form of joint inflammation, resulting from metabolic processes in the body due to the accumulation of crystals in the joints, leading to an increased level of uric acid in the body. The joints most commonly affected are the toes, knees, heels, wrists, fingers, and elbows. Acute pain in individuals with uric acid becomes a frequent issue, involving actual or potential tissue damage that can be described as ranging from mild to severe pain. Red ginger has various uses that can alleviate pain associated with joint pain or uric acid. The warm compress of red ginger helps improve blood circulation in the body and can also reduce pain. Objective: To determine the effect of red ginger compress on acute pain in patients with acute uric acid in the Cisaat Health Center's working area. Method: The design in this study uses Quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. The total population in this study is 96 people, with a sample size of 16 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the Paired T-test. Results: The results of the statistical test with the Paired Samples Test showed a P-value of 0.000 < 0.05. There is an influence of red ginger on acute pain in patients with uric acid in the Cisaat Health Center's working area

Research on the use of beach sand as a fine aggregate in concrete is due to the abundance of beach sand in the area. This research was carried out to analyze sand and find out how much compressive strength is produced when sand is treated without being washed with sand that is treated with washing, so that from this research the local community will know and can use it as a building material. The sand used is Pondok Permai Beach Sand, Pantai Cermin District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The planned compressive strength of the concrete is 21.7 Mpa with 40 cylindrical test objects. Tests for compressive strength of samples were carried out at ages 7, 4, 21 and 28 days and each treatment was given 5 concrete samples. This research only focuses on beach sand concrete. The analysis results show that this beach sand is included in zone IV sand, namely sand with fine grains. The average compressive strength test results of concrete for sand not treated with washing and treated with washing at age 7 were the same, namely 16.22 Mpa. For compressive strength aged 14 days, concrete with sand that was not treated with washing produced a compressive strength of 15.58 Mpa, while concrete with sand that was treated with washing reached 17.44 Mpa. For compressive strength aged 21 days, concrete with sand that was not treated with washing produced a compressive strength of 16.10 Mpa, while concrete with sand that was treated with washing produced a compressive strength of 18.55 Mpa. In the compressive strength test aged 28 days, concrete with sand that was not treated with washing produced a compressive strength of 17.33 Mpa, while concrete with sand that was treated with washing produced a compressive strength of 19.55 Mpa. From the results of this research, the researchers concluded that the fineness of sand influences the compressive strength of concrete and washed sand can increase the compressive strength of concrete.

This study investigates the effect of roof tile waste used as a partial replacement for fine aggregate on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete, with the aim of promoting more sustainable and environmentally friendly construction materials. The research employed an experimental laboratory method with quantitative analysis. Roof tile waste was incorporated into concrete mixtures at substitution levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of fine aggregate. The workability of fresh concrete was evaluated using slump tests in accordance with SNI 1972:2011, while compressive strength tests were conducted on cylindrical specimens after 28 days of curing based on SNI 1974:2011 standards. The results indicate that increasing the proportion of roof tile waste reduced concrete workability, as shown by a decrease in slump values from 10 cm in the control mix to 8 cm at the 20% replacement level. Compressive strength also exhibited a declining trend, decreasing from 14.63 MPa to 11.90 MPa at the highest substitution, representing an approximate reduction of 18.7%. Nevertheless, concrete containing 5% roof tile waste achieved a compressive strength of 14.32 MPa, which is comparable to normal concrete. These findings suggest that roof tile waste can be utilized as a partial fine aggregate replacement at limited levels. A 5% substitution was identified as the optimal proportion to maintain acceptable workability and strength while supporting sustainable concrete development.

The development of science, especially in the field of transportation, especially roads, requires adequate infrastructure in the form of roads or pavement that is suitable for the conditions in the field. This research aims to determine the analysis of the addition of strapping band fibers on the flexural strength of concrete, the variation in influence is 0.5%, 1 .0%, 1.5%, the best composition for making rigid pavement flexural strength. This research uses experimental research methods, namely research in the laboratory which aims to investigate the effects of each other and compare the results. The research results of 4 variations, namely 0% (normal), 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of fine aggregate, in testing concrete aged 28 days on normal concrete were 3.333 Mpa, for variations of 0.5% on average an average of 2,800 Mpa, a 1.0% variation an average of 2,133 MPa, and a 1.5% variation an average of 1,333 MPa. So it can be concluded that concrete with a variation of 0.5% achieves the design strength and is suitable for use. Meanwhile, variations of 1.0%, 1.5% do not reach the design compressive strength and are not suitable for use in construction.

The public greatly anticipates using plastic trash to increase the compressive strength of concrete blocks so they can change form and stop polluting the environment. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how adding PET plastic trash to concrete affects its compressive strengths. Experimental techniques were used in this investigation, including in-lab tests. Afterwards, testing processes in the lab were used to assess the research results. The compressive strength of normal concrete has a value of 25 MPa which reaches the design compressive strength value, while the concrete variation of 1% PET plastic is 23 MPa, 2% PET plastic is 21 MPa, and 3% PET plastic is 19 MPa which does not reach the compressive strength value. plan. This shows that PET plastic waste mixed with concrete results in a decrease in the compressive strength of concrete from normal concrete.

Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is an innovative concrete that can compact itself (without vibrators) and flow under its own weight to saturate the shape without segregation. The SCC material is not much different from ordinary concrete, namely coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement, water, only SCC has additional ingredients such as superplasticizer. This research uses quantitative methods. The aim of this research is to determine the workability, compressive strength, flexural strength of SCC concrete with the addition of 2% fiberglass to each sample with added material in the form of sika visconcrete with variations of 0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, % of the cement weight. Slump flow testing was carried out which was obtained from several variations of SV `0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, the slump flow values were obtained for 80 mm fiber concrete and 550 mm, 575 mm, 600 mm SCC concrete with the time taken to reach 500 mm of 4.25 seconds, 3.57 seconds and 2.11 for SCC concrete. The compressive strength value of the cylinder size (15 x 30) in samples BFS0, BFS1, BFS2BFS3 aged 28 days obtained a compressive strength of 30.29 Mpa, 34.44 Mpa, 31.23 Mpa, while the flexural strength test of the beam was 15 x 15 x 60 d samples BFS0, BFS1, BFS2BFS3 obtained results of 3.11 Mpa, 4.35 Mpa, 3.64 Mpa and 3.29 Mpa, excessive use of visconcrete in the concrete mixture can reduce the strength of the samples.

Bawasalo beach sand shows the potential of abundant material resources, but local people still face several considerations in the use of this material. The purpose of this research is to determine the characteristics and effect of the addition of bawa salo sand on compressive strength and split tensile strength. This research uses an experimental method carried out at the Structure and Materials Laboratory of Muhamadiyah University of Parepare using a sample of 27 cylinders with the compressive strength of the plan used is 25 Mpa. Based on the test results, the characteristics of Bawasalo beach sand have met the specifications to be used as fine aggregate for concrete mixtures. The results of normal concrete testing aged 7 days with an average of 17.41Mpa, at 28 days testing with an average of 27.77MPa, 50% variation aged 7 days with an average of 16.84MPa and 100% variation aged 7 days with an average of 13.16MPa and at 28 days testing with an average of 21.80MPa. Normal concrete testing aged 28 days 10.444 MPa, 50% variation with an average of 5.556 MPa and as for the 100% variation with an average of 3.889 MPa. Based on the results of research data analysis, compressive strength and split tensile strength decreased as the percentage of Bawasalo beach sand use increased.

Gouty arthritis is a metabolic disease that mostly occurs in middle-aged to elderly men and women in the post-menopausal period. This metabolic disease is caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals in the joints and connective tissue tophi. Joint pain is a problem for elderly people in the world and in Indonesia. It was recorded according to (WHO, 2023) that in 2019, around 528 million people worldwide suffered from joint pain, an increase of 113% since 1990. Around 73% of joint pain sufferers were over 55 years old, and 60% were women. With a prevalence of 365 million people, the knee is the joint most frequently affected, followed by the hip and hand. By using cinnamon as a non-pharmacological measure to reduce pain caused by signs and symptoms of gouty arthritis. Method: Case study using nursing care for Mr. S by doing a warm cinnamon compress for 7 days. Results and Conclusions: Chronic pain problems were resolved with warm cinnamon compresses marked by Mr. S said the pain had disappeared and he could carry out daily activities. P: pain caused by gout Q: none R: none S: 1 T: none. Mr. S still looks smiling and no longer grimacing, Mr. S doesn't seem anxious, Mr. S appears to be able to carry out activities and does not avoid pain. TTV results TD: 130/80 mmH N: 84x/m RR: 22x/m S: 36.6℃.

Porous concrete is commonly used in road linings with minimal traffic, parking areas, pedestrian paths, and parks. The strength of porous concrete depends on the size of the aggregate and the correct composition of water and cement. The objective of the study was to analyse the effect of cement water factor in uniformly graded porous concrete on compressive strength and permeability in uniformly graded porous concrete on permeability values. The relationship between the compressive strength of concrete tends to decrease as the value of cement water factor increases. The water-cement factor strongly influences the permeability value. The greater the value of cement water factor, the smaller the permeability of uniformly graded porous concrete, this is due to the deposition of cement water at the base of the slab. The use of super plasticizer (SP) in porous concrete accelerates the pavement process, but does not improve permeability. cement water factor 0.35 with a 28-day treatment period obtained a Slump test value of 178 mm, cement water factor 0.5 of 192 mm, cement water factor 0.6 with a 28-day treatment period obtained a Slump test value of 196 mm. while porous concrete with a cement water factor of 0.35 has an average compressive strength of 6.13 Mpa, while a cement water factor of 0.50 has an average compressive strength of 5.47 Mpa, and a cement water factor of 0.60 has an average compressive strength of 5.00 Mpa.

This study explores the development of low-carbon concrete by integrating industrial waste materials and CO₂-absorbing minerals to reduce carbon emissions in the construction industry. The research investigates various mix ratios involving fly ash, slag, and CO₂-absorbing minerals, aiming to optimize both performance and sustainability. Experimental methods included compressive strength testing, carbon emission measurement, and durability evaluation. The results indicate that low-carbon concrete formulations achieve up to 45% reduction in carbon emissions compared to conventional concrete, which uses Portland cement. Despite a slight decrease in compressive strength, the optimal mix reached 34 MPa, which is sufficient for structural applications. Durability testing revealed that concrete with CO₂-absorbing minerals showed improved long-term performance compared to other formulations. The findings highlight the potential of using industrial waste materials and carbon capture technologies to create more environmentally sustainable concrete while maintaining necessary structural properties. This study contributes to the growing demand for eco-friendly construction materials and supports the implementation of low-carbon concrete in large-scale industrial applications. Further optimization of mix ratios and long-term performance studies are recommended for broader adoption in the construction industry.

The construction industry in Indonesia faces challenges in finding sustainable materials for concrete production. This paper investigates the potential of rice husk ash (RHA) and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as alternative supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in concrete. Both RHA and POFA are abundant agricultural by-products in Indonesia. Laboratory tests indicate that their incorporation enhances the compressive strength, durability, and sustainability of concrete. The findings highlight the dual benefit of reducing industrial waste and creating eco-friendly construction materials, thus contributing to the development of green infrastructure in Indonesia.

Background: Tonsillectomy is defined as a surgical procedure to completely remove the tonsils, including their capsules by dissection of the peritonsillar space between the tonsil capsule and the muscular wall. Purpose: This scientific paper is to provide an overview of the Management of Cold Compresses on Pain Intensity in Nursing Care of Chronic Tonsillitis with Tonsillectomy. Methods: The design of this research is descriptive analytic with case study method. The non-pharmacological implementation of Post Tonsillectomy is the Administration of Cold Compresses to Pain Intensity carried out at Bhayangkara M.Hasan Hospital Palembang from 08 May 2023 to 10 May 2023 and 16 May 2023 to 19 May 2023. The subjects of this study were 2 post tonsillectomy patients. Results: After giving cold compresses for 3 days, both patients experienced a decrease in pain scale. Pain scale Mr 'T' before giving cold compresses pain scale 4 after giving cold compresses pain scale 0. Meanwhile, pain scale Nn 'S' before giving cold compresses pain scale 5 after giving cold compresses pain scale 1. Conclusion: After Cold Compress was given to Post Tonsillectomy patients for 3 days, both patients experienced a decrease in pain scale. The intervention was successful.  

Fever is a condition where the body temperature increases from normal limits to a temperature of >38°C. Fever is a sign that body temperature has a process to fight infection, body temperature >37.5°C can be classified as fever which can be caused by auto-immunity and infection (Alwiyah et al, 2019). The aim of this research is to find out whether there is an effect of giving Aloe compresses. Vera on the body temperature of children in the working area of ​​the Kuma Health Center, Central Tabukan District, Sangihe Islands Regency.This research was conducted using a quasi-experimental method with a one group pretest and posttest design. Sampling used accidental sampling technique with 12 subjekts. The intervention was carried out by giving an Aloe Vera compress for 20 minutes, measuring body temperature using a digital thermometer. The data analysis used is the Wilcoxon statistical test.The results of this study showed that there was a decrease in body temperature in the subjekts after the Aloe Vera compress was applied. The results of the analysis using the Wilcoxon test obtained a P value = 0.002 where (a=<0.05).The conclusion of the research is that there is an effect of giving Aloe Vera compresses on body temperature in children in the working area of ​​the Kuma Health Center, Central Tabukan District, Sangihe Islands Regency. It is hoped that parents will gain new knowledge to treat fever in children, not only using pharmacological measures but also using Aloe Vera as initial treatment for children with fever.

Big data processing has become an important aspect of computer science and various industries in the digital age. Efficient and timely programming algorithms play a central role in addressing the challenges presented by big data. This journal focuses on various optimization methods and techniques that can be applied in the development of programming algorithms for processing big data. Supporting and relevant references are used to illustrate the concepts and techniques presented in this paper. Discussions include parallel methods, data compression, indexing, divide and conquer strategies, and greedy algorithm approaches. Case studies on the implementation of fast sorting algorithms in the context of big data processing are also presented. The understanding and application of these optimization methods are important in maximizing the efficiency and performance of programming algorithms in dealing with big data, and they play a key role in the development of relevant information technology solutions.  

Background: Gout arthritis (gout) is a disease that arises due to excessive blood uric acid levels, which causes excessive blood uric acid levels, namely the production of uric acid in the body more than its disposal, besides that the cause of excessive uric acid production in the body can occur due to genetic factors (congenital), food factors. Complaints of gout arthritis pain vary from mild, moderate to severe. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be used to relieve gout arthritis pain is warm ginger compresses. This study aims to see the effect of warm ginger compresses on the gout arthritis pain scale. Methods: This research is a type of pre-experimental research, namely experimental research without a control group. The research was conducted with a one group pre-posttest design. Sampling using total sampling technique. Results: The results of the Friedman test showed a P value (0.000). The results of this study indicate that warm ginger compresses can reduce gout arthritis pain. Conclusion: There is a significant effect on the level of gout arthritis pain before and after the warm ginger compress intervention

This research aims to determine the effect of adding the additive Sika Fume on the compressive strength of hollow concrete. This research uses a type of quantitative research with experimental methods, namely by carrying out several tests on test objects in the laboratory. The results of this research show that the compressive strength of hollow concrete with the addition of sika fume with a variation of 0% and 2% of the weight of cement, the experimental results obtained for the compressive strength of hollow concrete for 28 days of concrete with a variation of 0% with an average of 16.83 Mpa. For a variation of 2% with an average of 17.42 Mpa. So it can be concluded that concrete with a variation of 2% with an average of 17.42 Mpa is the variation with the highest compressive strength value and reaches the design compressive strength. Meanwhile, the 0% variation with an average of 16.83 Mpa is the lowest compressive strength value and does not reach the design compressive strength.

Rock mass is a volume of rock consisting of rock material in the form of minerals, texture, composition and also consisting of discontinuous planes, forming a material and interconnected with all elements as a unit. The rock mass itself is composed of several intact rocks which basically have isotropic, continuous and homogeneous properties. However, the conditions found in the field are different, namely anisotropic, discontinuous and heterogeneous. These properties will certainly influence the test results in the uniaxial test. There are several factors that influence the results of uniaxial rock tests, one of which is the scale effect. The purpose of this test is to determine and analyze the effect of rock sample size on the uniaxial compressive strength value of claystone. This rock testing was carried out at the Mineral and Coal Technology Laboratory and the rock sampling locations were in Palaran District, Samarinda City and in North Samarinda District, Samarinda City. In this uniaxial compressive strength test, 3 side widths with different lengths will be used. After carrying out the uniaxial compressive strength test, the average uniaxial compressive strength test value was obtained in each formation, such as the Balang Island formation, the average rock compressive strength test value was 1.68 Mpa and the Balang formation, the average rock compressive strength test value was 3.10. Mpa. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the larger the sample size, the smaller the rock compressive strength test value tends to be.