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This training plays a crucial role in providing training to 37 participants in Nagari Bukit Batabuah, Agam Regency. It focuses on micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the region. Pre-training needs analysis helped the community service team understand the challenges faced by the partners and identify their primary needs. Survey data indicates that the majority of participants have been actively involved in various business sectors, with many already owning their businesses. Income analysis suggests income variation, with most participants falling into the middle and upper-middle-income categories. In the context of digital marketing, Shopee emerges as the primary platform chosen by participants, while diversification through WhatsApp Business, Facebook, and Instagram is also evident. This training provides a deep understanding and practical skills to MSME entrepreneurs, assisting them in developing effective marketing strategies and leveraging the full potential of online media for business growth

Brushing teeth properly and correctly is an important factor for maintaining oral health. The success of maintaining oral and dental health is also influenced by the pattern of brushing teeth. The pattern of brushing teeth includes the technique of brushing teeth, the time and frequency of brushing teeth. The problem in this study is poor oral and dental hygiene in elementary school children (46.4%). Dental and oral hygiene is an important factor for dental and oral health to be free from disease, therefore dental and oral hygiene must be maintained and maintained in order to create optimal health. Objective: Knowing the relationship of brushing patterns with dental and oral hygiene in elementary school children. Method:. Collecting data on brushing patterns by filling out a checklist on the observation sheet and interview sheet. Collecting dental and oral hygiene data using an examination sheet. Respondents in this study amounted to 110 students, who were taken by simple random sampling. The data analysis technique used was the Chi-square test. Results: The pattern of brushing teeth in the poor category is 89 respondents (80.9%), dental and oral hygiene is in the bad category, namely 51 respondents (46.4%). The results of the Chi-square test are P value 0.002.Conclusion: That there is a relationship between the pattern of brushing teeth with dental and oral hygiene in elementary school children.    

Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is one of the health IT applications that is becoming a trend around the world. EMRs are considered to improve the overall quality of care and have an impact on patient safety. EMRs can also help reduce costs, improve accessibility, and improve the quality of hospital services. Therefore, the preparedness analysis of the implementation of EMR with the DOQ-IT approach (Doctor's Office Quality-Information Technology) is the goal of this research. This research uses a type of quantitative descriptive research with a cross sectional approach. The samples were taken from all the officers who were in direct contact with the medical records at AMC Aisyiyah Clinic. Sampling technique using a total sampling of eight officers. Primary data collection is done with a questionnaire. The method of analysis used is descriptive analysis of frequencies, percentages, graphs and tables. From the results of analysis using the DOQ-IT method obtained a total score of 104.75 belongs to category III which shows that human resources, organizational work culture, governance and leadership, IT infrastructure AMC Aisyiyah Clinic is ready to take advantage of EMR as well as overcome the potential challenges for successful adoption of the EMR.

This research is motivated by the lack of availability of learning media usage and conventional learning. Therefore, an effectiveness test of the periodic table of the ladder media was conducted to improve the learning outcomes of students at SMKN 1 BP BR on the topic of periodic table of elements. This research is a pre-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of media usage using data analysis techniques through pretest-posttest assessments. The population in this study is the students of class X TBSM SMKN 1 BP BR. The research instrument is a learning outcomes test consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions that have been pilot tested. The data analysis techniques used are the t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes and the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in students' understanding. The results of the study show that there are differences and improvements in students' learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average posttest score of 86.67. The improvement in learning outcomes is also supported by hypothesis testing conducted with the t-test, obtaining a t-value (3.45) > t-table (1.21). Another supporting evidence is the average N-Gain test score of 0.75 with a high category. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the periodic table of the ladder media is effective in improving students' learning outcomes with a high category. This media is suitable for chemistry learning that is symbolic, as it will be more engaging and challenging through direct student involvement in the learning process.

This classroom action research aims to improve reading skills through Jigsaw type cooperative learning for class VI students at SD Inpres, Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. The subjects of this research were 40 grade VI students at SD Inpres Multilevel Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. Academic Year 2023/2024. This PTK consists of 2 cycles, each consisting of 3 meetings. Data collection was carried out using the results of students' work when carrying out actions and observation sheets. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results achieved were: (1) students' reading ability before the action was held was in the low category with an average score of 4.88 from the highest possible score of 10. (2) Students' reading ability after taking action in the form of Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle I was in the high category with an average score of 8.04 from the highest possible score of 10. (3) Students' reading ability after taking action, in the form of learning by applying models Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle II was in the very high category with an average score of 8.84 from the highest possible score of 10. (4) There was an increase in the percentage of student attendance. (5) Students' interest, attention and motivation in participating in the learning process using the Jigsaw cooperative model has also increased, this can be seen from the increase in student activity in the learning process. The results of this research also show changes on the teacher's side, initially teachers were less creative in using various Jigsaw type cooperative learning strategies, which had a good impact, apparently being able to motivate and increase teacher interest in developing effective learning.    

The Influence of Problem-Based Learning Strategies on News Writing Ability for Class V of SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency. Thesis. Department of Primary School Teacher Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Supervisor I Rosmini Madeamain and Supervisor II Andi Syamsul Alam. This research aims to determine the significant influence of using problem-based learning strategies on the ability to write news for class V of SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency. This research is pre-experimental research in the form of One Group Pretest-Posttest research. The population of this study was class V students at SD Negeri 78 Barru which consisted of one class of 10 students. The research instrument used was the news writing test. The data obtained was then analyzed using descriptive statistical data analysis and inferential statistical data analysis. The results of this research show that the pretest results, the average student learning score is 53 with categories, very high 0%, high 30%, medium 20%, low 30% and very low 20%. The average score of the posttest results after using the problem-based learning strategy was 88 with the categories very high 80%, high 20%, medium 0%, low 0%, and very low 0%. This figure shows that there is a significant influence of the use of problem-based learning strategies on news writing ability. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning strategy is effectively used in learning to write news for fifth grade students at SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency.

This research is motivated by the lack of availability of learning media usage and conventional learning. Therefore, an effectiveness test of the periodic table of the ladder media was conducted to improve the learning outcomes of students at SMKN 1 BP BR on the topic of periodic table of elements. This research is a pre-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of media usage using data analysis techniques through pretest-posttest assessments. The population in this study is the students of class X TBSM SMKN 1 BP BR. The research instrument is a learning outcomes test consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions that have been pilot tested. The data analysis techniques used are the t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes and the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in students' understanding. The results of the study show that there are differences and improvements in students' learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average posttest score of 86.67. The improvement in learning outcomes is also supported by hypothesis testing conducted with the t-test, obtaining a t-value (3.45) > t-table (1.21). Another supporting evidence is the average N-Gain test score of 0.75 with a high category. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the periodic table of the ladder media is effective in improving students' learning outcomes with a high category. This media is suitable for chemistry learning that is symbolic, as it will be more engaging and challenging through direct student involvement in the learning process.

This classroom action research aims to improve reading skills through Jigsaw type cooperative learning for class VI students at SD Inpres, Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. The subjects of this research were 40 grade VI students at SD Inpres Multilevel Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. Academic Year 2023/2024. This PTK consists of 2 cycles, each consisting of 3 meetings. Data collection was carried out using the results of students' work when carrying out actions and observation sheets. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results achieved were: (1) students' reading ability before the action was held was in the low category with an average score of 4.88 from the highest possible score of 10. (2) Students' reading ability after taking action in the form of Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle I was in the high category with an average score of 8.04 from the highest possible score of 10. (3) Students' reading ability after taking action, in the form of learning by applying models Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle II was in the very high category with an average score of 8.84 from the highest possible score of 10. (4) There was an increase in the percentage of student attendance. (5) Students' interest, attention and motivation in participating in the learning process using the Jigsaw cooperative model has also increased, this can be seen from the increase in student activity in the learning process. The results of this research also show changes on the teacher's side, initially teachers were less creative in using various Jigsaw type cooperative learning strategies, which had a good impact, apparently being able to motivate and increase teacher interest in developing effective learning.    

The Influence of Problem-Based Learning Strategies on News Writing Ability for Class V of SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency. Thesis. Department of Primary School Teacher Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Supervisor I Rosmini Madeamain and Supervisor II Andi Syamsul Alam. This research aims to determine the significant influence of using problem-based learning strategies on the ability to write news for class V of SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency. This research is pre-experimental research in the form of One Group Pretest-Posttest research. The population of this study was class V students at SD Negeri 78 Barru which consisted of one class of 10 students. The research instrument used was the news writing test. The data obtained was then analyzed using descriptive statistical data analysis and inferential statistical data analysis. The results of this research show that the pretest results, the average student learning score is 53 with categories, very high 0%, high 30%, medium 20%, low 30% and very low 20%. The average score of the posttest results after using the problem-based learning strategy was 88 with the categories very high 80%, high 20%, medium 0%, low 0%, and very low 0%. This figure shows that there is a significant influence of the use of problem-based learning strategies on news writing ability. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning strategy is effectively used in learning to write news for fifth grade students at SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency.

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Tanjung Putri village government spending from 2020-2022. This type of research is quantitative using APBDes realization report data. The research results prove that the effectiveness of Tanjung Putri village government spending has decreased from 2020-2022. In 2020 it was 87.99% and for 2021 the percentage of effectiveness decreased by 85.42%, meaning there was a decrease of 2.57% from the previous year, while in 2022 the percentage of effectiveness decreased again from the previous year, namely 81.11%. Even though there has been a decline from year to year, the regional government spending category is still in the effective category.

Poverty is a condition in which a person or region is unable to improve quality of life or standard of living. Binjai cities are mentioned in a good category in the presentation of poverty compared to other cities in northern Sumatra. This study aims to find out the application of the standards of the poor society in the Central Statistical Authority (BPS) of Binjai City, using qualitative descriptive methods. The research finds that the concept used is that poverty is seen as an inability on the economic side to meet the food base not food measured on the expenditure side, and the concept is confined only to indicators of the poverty line, the presentation of the poor, the depth index of poverty, the index of misery.And there are two types of poverty data: micropoverty data and macro-poverty data.

The role of cooperatives in supporting the economy is reflected in their contribution to GDP, which experiences a positive trend every year. The potential of each region is different, resulting in a classification of the types of cooperative businesses that exist in order to realize regional growth in accordance with the resources it has. This research uses descriptive research with a quantitative approach using the Location Quotient (LQ) method. The data used is secondary data obtained from the Ministry of Cooperatives and BPS West Java. The results of the Location Qoutient (LQ) method analysis show that two types of business are categorized as potential bases, namely the consumer cooperative and producer cooperative sectors, because they have an LQ value> 1. Meanwhile, the cooperative, service, marketing cooperative and savings and loan cooperative sectors are in a non-base position, because they have an LQ value <1.

The Mayangsari culinary tourism village Semarang was formed in 2018 by a number of people who are members of the Putra Mayangsari Disaster Preparedness Group (KSB Puma) and the Mayangsari Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis Mayangsari). The Semarang City Culture and Tourism Office provided ideas for developing Mayangsari River Tourism by highlighting the potential attractions of river tubing, river education and culinary tourism. The development of the Mayangsari culinary tourism village, which is a finalist in the 2022 great village competition in the creative and innovative village category, still has several things that need to be improved, especially regarding accounting records for culinary tourism. Based on this, it is important to provide education on the importance of accounting records in theory and practice in the Mayangsari culinary tourism village. The approach used in this community partnership program is in the form of giving lectures and tutorials by providing accounting material ranging from recording to preparing financial reports. It is hoped that this community partnership program will increase and sustain economic activities in the Mayangsari culinary tourism village.

Forests are the body organ of the earth, where a variety of flora, fauna, mineral resources, and other wealth can be taken from forests that are indispensable to human life. However, the use of forest resources massively destroys forests and consequently alters their functioning. The forest area in Indonesia is 125,797.052 ha with the implementation of deforestation until. December 2021, which is 90.233.159 ha with a total number of decrees of forestation of 2.157 SK. There has been a significant increase in the extent of forestation in the period of the last 10 years to a total of 72% of the total area of Indonesian forest area, while the results of the forest monitoring of Indonesia in 2022 show that the total forested land area of the entire mainland of Indonesia is 96,0 million hectares, or 51.2% of the total land area. From the case that the parties have a chance to misuse or even de-function the land. The situation adds to the author's enthusiasm and interest in identifying any kinds of exploitation and development of Dangku Marga Asylum Forest related to community cohesion, as well as identifying how the implementation of Community Based Forest Management (CBFM) will maintain the sustainability of Dungku Margasatwa Forest. The research was carried out in the area of the Dangku Wildlife Asylum Forest in the Keluang district in Dawas Village, the Tungkal Jaya district, and Tungkal District in Sido Mulyo Village. The study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach to describe the conditions to be observed in the field in a more specific, transparent, and in-depth manner. The results of the study indicated that the implementation of community-based forest management in the Dangku Wildlife Refuge Area was categorised as “fairly effective” by identifying some unoptimal assessment indicators.

This study aims to describe and analyze the financial performance of PT Bukit Asam Tbk Indonesia, which is reviewed using the analysis of liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios. The analysis method used is the descriptive analysis method. The data used in this study is secondary data derived from the main website of PT Bukit Asam Tbk and focuses on the financial statements for the period 2018–2022. The results of the research analysis show that the company performance of PT Bukit Asam Tbk Indonesia in terms of liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios is in the "very good" category by industry standards. However, there are only two aspects of measurement in the "less good" category of PT Bukit Asam Tbk Indonesia's financial performance in several years, namely in terms of debt-to-assets ratio and net profit margin. It can be seen that this company can increase the value of assets and capital to pay corporate debt and guarantee creditor interest payment.

Background: Ointment is a semisolid preparation used as a topical medicine, which has direct access to the skin tissues. Katang-katang is one of the medicinal plants traditionally used to treat various types of wounds. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the secondary metabolite content of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.), create and evaluate a good and stable ointment formulation pharmaceutically, and test the irritation of the ointment for burn wounds using ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). Method: The method used is experimental research, the ointment formulation is made using three formulations with different concentrations of active ingredients, with a ratio of FI 20%, FII 25%, and FIII 30%. Result: The results of the study indicate that katang-katang leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The study determined the formulation of a burn ointment from ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). The organoleptic test results of FI, FII, and FIII showed good and stable color, odor, and shape, as well as homogeneity after one week of storage. The pH values measured were 7 for all formulations even after one week of storage. The spreading power of FI was (5.52 cm), FII was (5.88 cm), and FIII was (7.23 cm), which met the standards for good formulation. The irritation tests for all three formulas were categorized as safe. Conclusion: Based on the identification test results, the katang-katang leaves were found to contain flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The evaluation test results for the three formulations using a hydrocarbon base showed that a good and stable burn ointment could be made from the ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.) without causing skin irritation.

Storage is an activity of storing and maintaining by placing the received pharmaceutical supplies in a place that is considered safe from theft and physical disturbance that can damage the quality of the drug. The purpose of this study was to determine the drug storage system at the Dearh Lanto Dg Pasewang General Hospital Pharmacy Warehouse which includes spatial arrangements, storage methods, stock card recording and drug quality observation. This is done by direct observation The research conducted is descriptive in nature, the data collection method in this study is by direct observation. The data management and analysis techniques that the authors used in this study included reducing the checklists that had been obtained. Based on the results of research conducted at the Pharmacy Warehouse of the Lanto Dg Pasewang Hospital, in general, the drug storage system was 93.22% in the good category. The assessment includes the physical condition of the warehouse with a value of 90.47% in the good category. How to store drugs with a value of 93.33%. Stock card recording with a percentage value of 100% is in the good category. Drug quality monitoring with a percentage value of 100% is in the good category, so that the medicines stored in the Warehouse of the Regional General Hospital Lanto Dg Pasewang Jeneponto are in good condition and the quality of the drugs is maintained.

This study analyzes how the translation techniques is applied in the bilingual textbook Science Biology for Junior High School.The study was conducted qualitatively. Data was collected by selecting complex sentences from chapter six and seven.Then,I analyzed and categorized the translation techniques used according to the classification of Molina and Albir. The data is then calculated to determine the main translation techniques.The findings indicated that in this textbook,there are many translation techniques that contained in a complex sentences. As a result of the study 40 complex sentences were found in the sixth and seventh chapter.This textbook has nine translation techniques there were: literal translation, borrowing, adaptation, reduction, particularization, amplification, generalization, transposition and description. From 40 complex sentences it can be concluded that there are 15 complex sentences of literal translation,4 complex sentences of borrowing,1 complex sentence of adaptation,2 complex sentences of reduction,3 complex sentences of particularization, 7 complex sentences of amplification,2 complex sentences of generalization,1 complex sentence of transposition,5 complex sentences of description. Literal translation is the most numerous technique in the text book. So , over all the concept of a sentence can be easily understood and the knowledge can be developed from daily experiences.

This research aims to shape the disciplinary character of students in elementary schools through music theory material with sub-materials of values ​​and forms of notation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques of observation, questionnaires and interviews. The research was conducted in 7 (seven) meetings, the results of the research showed that there was a change in the theoretical understanding category with a percentage of 97.8%, and statements of disciplinary attitudes increased with a percentage of 95%. Disciplinary character is assessed based on the student's ability to sing the song Pada Mu Negeri according to the tempo, beats, and other punctuation marks contained in the score. The results showed that students were able to sing the song according to the punctuation marks in the sheet music.    

This research aims to increase students' active critical thinking in Civics Learning by implementing the Discovery Learning Learning Model. The subjects in this research were class X DKV students at SMKN 2 Maros with a total of 34 students, consisting of 21 male students and 13 female students. The research method used in this research is Kemmis and Mc Taggart using a classroom action research design consisting of two cycles. In this research, it is a multiple choice test which is carried out at the end of the cycle. The results of this research show that student learning outcomes in cycle I obtained an average score of 60 and an average percentage score of 60%, while classical completeness was 60% in the sufficient category and continued in the next cycle in the second cycle actions obtained an average of 83 .0, the average percentage score of 83.0% with classical completeness of 90% is in the very good category. The results of the data in cycle II activities have met the KKM which has been determined by student learning outcomes in PPKn learning obtained in cycle I and cycle II, showing that there has been an average increase of 30%. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the application of the Discovery Learning learning model can increase active critical thinking in PPKn learning for class X DKV students at SMKN 2 Maros for the 2023/2024 academic year.