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Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease that remains a public health problem, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. The transmission of this disease can be prevented through appropriate behavior, which is influenced by the level of individual knowledge. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge level and preventive behavior of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission among patients at a public health center. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 20 respondents selected using total sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire measuring knowledge and behavior. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents had a good level of knowledge (50.0%) and good preventive behavior (60.0%). The Chi-Square test showed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between knowledge level and preventive behavior of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between knowledge level and preventive behavior, indicating that improving knowledge is essential in preventing tuberculosis transmission.

Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease that remains a public health problem, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. The transmission of this disease can be prevented through appropriate behavior, which is influenced by the level of individual knowledge. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge level and preventive behavior of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission among patients at a public health center. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 20 respondents selected using total sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire measuring knowledge and behavior. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents had a good level of knowledge (50.0%) and good preventive behavior (60.0%). The Chi-Square test showed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between knowledge level and preventive behavior of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between knowledge level and preventive behavior, indicating that improving knowledge is essential in preventing tuberculosis transmission.

Needle Stick Injury (NSI) is a serious occupational hazard among healthcare workers due to the risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens. A preliminary study at Puskesmas X found that 60% of healthcare workers had experienced NSI. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between work standards, skills, and training with the incidence of NSI among healthcare workers (nurses and midwives) at Puskesmas X, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total sampling technique was used, resulting in 37 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tests. The results showed majority of respondents were aged 26–34 years (67.6%), female (81.1%), and had experienced NSI (73.0%). Statistical analysis showed a significant association between work standards (p = 0.018), skills (p < 0.001), and training (p = 0.014) with NSI incidence. Poor work standards, inadequate clinical skills, and limited participation in training were strongly associated with higher rates of NSI. Community health centers are recommended to implement regular occupational safety training programs to improve the technical skills of healthcare workers.

Needle Stick Injury (NSI) is a serious occupational hazard among healthcare workers due to the risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens. A preliminary study at Puskesmas X found that 60% of healthcare workers had experienced NSI. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between work standards, skills, and training with the incidence of NSI among healthcare workers (nurses and midwives) at Puskesmas X, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total sampling technique was used, resulting in 37 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tests. The results showed majority of respondents were aged 26–34 years (67.6%), female (81.1%), and had experienced NSI (73.0%). Statistical analysis showed a significant association between work standards (p = 0.018), skills (p < 0.001), and training (p = 0.014) with NSI incidence. Poor work standards, inadequate clinical skills, and limited participation in training were strongly associated with higher rates of NSI. Community health centers are recommended to implement regular occupational safety training programs to improve the technical skills of healthcare workers.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Financial Distress, and Altman Z-Score on Dividend Decisions in automotive sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2020–2025 period. This study is motivated by fluctuations in the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) in the automotive sector, which indicates changes in company dividend policy due to economic conditions, financial performance, and non-financial factors that influence management decision-making. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a causal associative research type to examine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study population consists of automotive sector companies listed on the IDX, while the sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique based on certain criteria. Research data were obtained from annual reports and company financial statements for the 2020–2025 period. Data analysis was carried out using the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) as a proxy for dividend decisions and statistical testing to determine the effect of CSR, Financial Distress, and Altman Z-Score on company dividend, the data were processed using SPSS.

Introduction: Smartphone use has increased substantially in higher education and is widely used by university students for both academic and non-academic activities. Prolonged smartphone use combined with poor posture may increase mechanical load on cervical structures and lead to neck pain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students at IKES Suaka Insan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 55 undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy students selected using cluster sampling. Smartphone use was assessed using a structured questionnaire, while neck pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a weak negative association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity (r = -0.16), with a p-value of 0.20 (>0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: There was no significant association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students. Future studies should include ergonomic posture and duration of smartphone use as additional variables.

Introduction: Smartphone use has increased substantially in higher education and is widely used by university students for both academic and non-academic activities. Prolonged smartphone use combined with poor posture may increase mechanical load on cervical structures and lead to neck pain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students at IKES Suaka Insan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 55 undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy students selected using cluster sampling. Smartphone use was assessed using a structured questionnaire, while neck pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a weak negative association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity (r = -0.16), with a p-value of 0.20 (>0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: There was no significant association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students. Future studies should include ergonomic posture and duration of smartphone use as additional variables.

The phenomenon of infinite scrolling in digital media reflects a fundamental shift in how modern individuals experience spirituality in the digital era. The continuous flow of information creates new spaces for the search for meaning, including the human relationship with the Divine, while simultaneously introducing challenges in the form of constant distraction that disrupts deep reflection. This study aims to analyze how infinite scrolling contributes to a crisis of spiritual awareness and how digital technology functions as an ambivalent space between distraction and reflection. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach, using relevant academic literature and religious documents. The findings indicate that intensive digital engagement reduces opportunities for contemplation, weakens reflective capacity, and produces shallow and fragmented spiritual experiences. However, digital technology also provides broad access to spiritual resources that can be used constructively. This study concludes that the crisis of spiritual awareness in the digital era is influenced not only by individual factors but also by technological structures shaping human attention. Therefore, digital literacy that includes ethical and spiritual dimensions is essential to ensure technology supports the search for meaning.  

Independent Nursing Practice (INP) is a form of healthcare service that provides direct care to the community, including Homecare services. Public interest in these services is influenced by various factors; however, the dominant factors affecting interest in the Tambah Rejo area have not been clearly identified. This study aimed to identify and analyze factors associated with interest in Homecare services at independent nursing practices and to determine the most influential factor. This study employed a quantitative approach using an analytical survey design with a cross-sectional method. A total of 153 respondents were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed significant relationships between economic factors (p = 0.023; OR = 2.187), distance (p = 0.003; OR = 0.361), comfort (p < 0.001; OR = 49.67), service quality (p = 0.009; OR = 0.404), family support (p < 0.001; OR = 52.62), patient satisfaction (p < 0.001; OR = 0.212), and interest in Homecare services. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that comfort was the most dominant factor influencing interest in Homecare services (p < 0.001; OR = 0.124). Comfort was identified as the strongest determinant affecting community interest in Homecare services at independent nursing practices. Therefore, improving comfort in service delivery should be a primary priority in the development of independent nursing practices.

This study aims to analyze the religious and spiritual symbols represented in the film Titip Surat untuk Tuhan through Roland Barthes’ semiotic approach, focusing on the three levels of meaning: denotation, connotation, and myth. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method using semiotic analysis based on document studies of selected scenes, dialogues, and visual elements portraying religious values, prayer, sacrifice, patience, hope, gratitude, and trust in God. The findings reveal that symbols such as the mosque, mukena, sarong, prayer mat, the Qur’an, prayer activities, the post office as a medium for sending letters to God, and the calligraphy of “Allah” and “Prophet Muhammad” on the walls function not only as literal signs but also convey profound religious and spiritual connotations. These symbols further develop into myths that reinforce religious norms and cultural beliefs accepted as natural within society. The film successfully constructs a subtle yet powerful representation of faith by portraying a Muslim family that upholds devotion, moral values, patience, compassion, and an enduring relationship with God. Overall, the film demonstrates how religious symbols effectively communicate spiritual messages while strengthening viewers’ understanding of Islamic values through visual and narrative storytelling.

Independent Nursing Practice (INP) is a form of healthcare service that provides direct care to the community, including Homecare services. Public interest in these services is influenced by various factors; however, the dominant factors affecting interest in the Tambah Rejo area have not been clearly identified. This study aimed to identify and analyze factors associated with interest in Homecare services at independent nursing practices and to determine the most influential factor. This study employed a quantitative approach using an analytical survey design with a cross-sectional method. A total of 153 respondents were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed significant relationships between economic factors (p = 0.023; OR = 2.187), distance (p = 0.003; OR = 0.361), comfort (p < 0.001; OR = 49.67), service quality (p = 0.009; OR = 0.404), family support (p < 0.001; OR = 52.62), patient satisfaction (p < 0.001; OR = 0.212), and interest in Homecare services. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that comfort was the most dominant factor influencing interest in Homecare services (p < 0.001; OR = 0.124). Comfort was identified as the strongest determinant affecting community interest in Homecare services at independent nursing practices. Therefore, improving comfort in service delivery should be a primary priority in the development of independent nursing practices.

This study examines how parents can serve as role models in fostering the spiritual growth of their adolescents. Parents play a fundamental role in shaping their children's character and faith by providing positive examples that adolescents can imitate in their daily lives. Spiritual growth during adolescence is particularly important because it serves as a strong foundation for their future faith, values, and moral development. The purpose of this study is to explore how parental role modeling influences adolescents' spiritual growth. This research employed a qualitative methodology using a library research approach. Relevant books, journal articles, theological literature, and other scholarly references were analyzed to examine theories and concepts related to parental roles and adolescent spiritual formation. The findings indicate that effective parental role modeling is demonstrated through words, behavior, love, faithfulness, integrity, and purity, which encourage adolescents to develop a deeper relationship with God and practice Christian values consistently. The study concludes that parents should actively model faith in everyday life as an essential part of educating their adolescents. By becoming living examples of Christian values, parents can significantly contribute to nurturing adolescents' spiritual maturity and strengthening their commitment to a lifelong life of faith.

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Poago tradition in Kapoa Barat Village, South Buton Regency, identify the Islamic values embedded within it, and explain its role as a form of local wisdom in the community. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving traditional leaders, religious leaders, village officials, tradition practitioners, and local community members. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion verification. The findings reveal that the Poago tradition continues to be preserved as an integral part of the community’s cultural life and serves as a medium for strengthening social relationships among residents. The tradition embodies various Islamic values, including gratitude, mutual assistance, deliberation, social bonding, togetherness, and social care. These values reflect the harmonious integration of Islamic teachings and local cultural traditions. In addition to functioning as a means of cultural preservation, the Poago tradition contributes to strengthening social solidarity and serves as a medium for transmitting religious and moral values to younger generations. Therefore, the Poago tradition can be regarded as a form of local wisdom that remains relevant in maintaining social harmony and religious life within the community.

A crucial issue currently facing the Church is its stance on building good and harmonious relationships with all other belief systems within its own community. Although dogmatically the Church explicitly expresses its openness to all religious practices and piety lived out by the faithful according to their traditional beliefs, the Church remains cautious so that in building relationships through dialogue, the traditions of the Church are not lost. This paper aims to highlight the relationship between the Catholic faith and the traditional belief system of the Manggarai people in light of the dogmatic constitution Nostra Aetate. Nostra Aetate is one of the key documents resulting from the Second Vatican Council that addresses the current reality of religious diversity. Through this document, the Church seeks to declare its commitment to reflecting on the fact that all humanity shares a single origin and a single ultimate goal: God Himself. The beliefs or religious system of the Manggarai people is implicitly monotheistic, namely Mori Jari dedek Ema pu’un kuasa. On this basis, the Church sees that the same concept exists in Catholic doctrine. In this study, the author uses qualitative research with a text analysis approach. Text analysis is a methodology in qualitative research that aims to interpret and analyze texts based on their context.

Human rights are fundamental rights inherent to every individual from birth and are guaranteed under statutory laws and regulations. These rights are universal in nature, inherent to every person, and must be respected, protected, and fulfilled by the state as well as all elements of society. However, in practice, various conditions continue to trigger human rights violations committed by both individuals and state officials. This phenomenon indicates that the protection of human rights still faces numerous challenges in its implementation. This study aims to examine the relationship between law enforcement officers and civilians, determine the extent to which the actions of law enforcement officers can be categorized as human rights violations, and analyze the mechanisms of oversight and accountability in handling cases of human rights violations. This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method to obtain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. The data were analyzed descriptively to illustrate the relationship between law enforcement officers and civilians within the context of human rights protection. The findings reveal that power asymmetry is one of the main factors contributing to the abuse of authority by law enforcement officers. This condition subsequently increases the potential for human rights violations and underscores the importance of effective oversight and accountability in ensuring that law enforcement officers perform their duties and exercise their authority in accordance with applicable legal provisions.

This study investigates the practice of the accounting profession with the aim of identifying the key threats and challenges that hinder its development in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, three hypotheses were formulated and tested using the chi-square statistical technique to examine the relationship between identified challenges and the development of accounting practice in the country. The study drew on the perceptions of key stakeholders in the accounting field, namely academic accountants, professional accountants, and accounting regulators. Primary data were collected and analyzed, and the results revealed that the accounting profession is confronted with significant challenges that negatively influence its growth and development. The study concludes that these constraints may pose serious risks to the future advancement of the profession in Nigeria. It therefore recommends that academic and professional accountants should remain committed and proactive in advancing accounting knowledge and practice, while regulatory bodies should ensure objectivity, transparency, and fairness in the formulation and enforcement of accounting standards and regulations

Dental caries is one of the most common oral health problems among young children. Preschool-aged children are highly dependent on their parents, especially mothers, for dental health care. A mother's level of knowledge is expected to influence the incidence of caries in children. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and the incidence of dental caries among children at Qalby Play School, Bogor Regency. Method: This research employed a cross-sectional design with an analytic survey approach. The population consisted of all mothers and their children at Qalby Play School, totaling 30 participants, selected using total sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires to assess maternal knowledge and odontogram sheets to measure caries incidence. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test. Result: The results showed a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and the incidence of dental caries in children, with a p-value 0,047 < 0,05. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between maternal knowledge and the incidence of dental caries in children. Therefore, it is important for parents, especially mothers, to pay close attention to their children's oral health by ensuring proper and regular tooth brushing and scheduling dental check- ups every six months.

This study explores the role of Islamic economic law in promoting sustainable development by establishing an integrated relationship between ethical values, legal frameworks, and public policy. Although sustainable development has emerged as a major global agenda, its implementation continues to face challenges due to the limitations of conventional economic and legal systems, which often prioritize efficiency and economic growth while overlooking ethical and social dimensions. Employing a qualitative research approach through content analysis, this study examines classical Islamic jurisprudence, contemporary scholarly literature, and relevant policy documents to analyze the alignment between Islamic economic principles and sustainability frameworks. The findings demonstrate that Islamic economic law provides a comprehensive and ethically oriented framework based on fundamental principles, including tawhid (unity), adl (justice), maslahah (public interest), and maqasid al-shariah (objectives of Islamic law). These principles are manifested through various institutional and legal instruments, such as zakat, waqf, and risk-sharing financial mechanisms, which contribute to social justice, economic inclusion, financial resilience, and environmental sustainability.

Food waste is still a significant problem, affecting food security, the environment, and the global economy. More than 53% of food produced becomes waste. Food waste worldwide totals 1.3 trillion annually. One of the districts with a high food waste rate is Banyumas. The most significant contributor to waste in the Banyumas region in 2021 was food waste, accounting for 39.85%, with much of it generated by restaurants. Restaurants play an essential role in managing food waste, as most food discarded at the preparation stage cannot be reused. This study aims to analyze the relationship between demographics and food waste reduction to support a digital technology approach from a restaurant perspective. This study used quantitative methods. The respondents of this study were 100 restaurants located in Banyumas, including A La Carte, Ramesan, Tegal, and Padang, and the data were analyzed using ANOVA. The results show that demographic factors, including income, age, restaurant opening hours, and the prices of best-selling foods, influence food waste in restaurants. The recommendation is for restaurants to prepare and plan menus. This will affect food prices, opening hours, and revenue. Some restaurants can increase their knowledge of handling food waste.

The rapid development of digital service platforms, particularly online motorcycle taxi services, has transformed modern economic transaction patterns, where the relationship between drivers and consumers is categorized as an ijarah (service lease) contract. However, in practice, various forms of breach of contract (wanprestasi) frequently occur and potentially harm one of the parties. This study aims to analyze the concept of the ijarah contract, identify the forms of wanprestasi, and review them based on Sharia Economic Law principles. This qualitative normative research employs a literature-based approach, utilizing secondary data from classical fiqh books, DSN-MUI fatwas, the Indonesian Civil Code, and reputable academic journals, which are analyzed descriptively-analytically. The findings reveal that breaches occur in three typologies: unilateral cancellation by consumers (ta'addi), negligence and fictitious account manipulation by drivers (taqshir and tadlis), and disproportionate cancel fee policies by platforms, indicating structural dzulm. From a sharia perspective, the settlement of wanprestasi requires compensation (ta'widh) calculated based on actual loss without riba elements, while classifying technical obstacles as force majeure under a fault-based liability approach. This study implies the need to reconstruct the digital ecosystem so that it is not only formally valid but also enforces substantive justice based on maslahah (public interest), al-‘adl (justice), mas,uliyyah (responsibility), and tawazun (proportional balance)