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Students of the Indonesian School of Jeddah (SIJ) are predominantly categorized as Third Culture Kids (TCK) who face sociocultural challenges and complex health determinants, including a high risk of dental caries and limited character monitoring outside the classroom. This transnational community service program aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated educational model using audio-visual media through the “Happy Teeth, Bright Smile” campaign and self-monitoring through the “My Adventure Journal” in improving oral health literacy and students’ character behavior. The study employed a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach with mixed methods involving 155 elementary and junior high school students. Dental knowledge data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test, while journal compliance was calculated descriptively using the Grand Mean method and triangulated with content analysis of parental feedback. The results showed that elementary students’ compliance with daily character missions increased by 28.31%, particularly in the discipline dimension. Among junior high school students, multimedia intervention significantly improved clinical preventive knowledge (p < 0.001), with mean scores increasing from 77.00 to 90.20. Parental feedback indicated improvements in self-regulation, responsibility, and self-confidence. The study concludes that optimizing the Tripartite Partnership among university students, schools, and parents is effective in strengthening psychosocial resilience and students’ basic health independence in a transnational environment.

The rapid development of information and communication technology has encouraged military organizations to adopt modern systems capable of supporting operational effectiveness. One of the challenges faced by the Indonesian Marine Corps is the limitation of conventional monitoring methods that still rely on voice reports through tactical radios and manual communication systems. This condition often causes delays in information delivery, inaccuracies in troop positioning data, and difficulties in controlling personnel and logistics in dynamic operational environments. This study aims to formulate a conceptual model for the utilization of a GPS Tracking System integrated with Marine Corps communication equipment to improve troop and material movement monitoring. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through literature review, observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation involving operational personnel and military communication experts. The results indicate that integrating GPS Tracking Systems with communication equipment can provide real-time location information, improve command and control effectiveness, accelerate reporting processes, enhance logistics supervision, and support operational evaluations through recorded movement data. The proposed concept is expected to strengthen situational awareness, increase operational efficiency, and support mission success in future Marine Corps operations.

Indonesia, as the largest archipelagic state in the world, lies on international trade and transportation routes and possesses abundant natural resources. This strategic position creates both opportunities and challenges, particularly in the maritime domain, which requires the Indonesian Navy’s significant contribution in force deployment planning to counter future threats and disruptions. The evolving strategic environment necessitates specific policies and strategies for the Navy to enhance its strength in safeguarding sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national security. This development is pursued through the establishment of the Minimum Essential Force (MEF), a fundamental standard that defines the minimum level of naval capability required to effectively execute missions and functions. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method, using primary data from expert and user interviews as well as secondary data from observation and documentation, to analyze the selection of helicopter escorts utilized by the Indonesian Navy.

This study aims to overhaul the conventional understanding of tourism through a missiological lens, by positioning social interactions at the Parbubu Tarutung Soda Water Tourism Object as the locus of Missio Dei (God's Mission) manifestation. Amidst the tendency of modern humans to be trapped in egocentrism, alienation, and minimal openness due to secular routines, God is present with a mission to transform human relations. Using a qualitative descriptive-theological method, this study analyzes three axes of social interaction (inter-tourists, tourists-managers, and tourists-local communities). The results of field research indicate that although the pattern of interaction between visitors is still minimalist and egocentric-group due to a purely physical recreation orientation, there is a strong spiritual modality in the service aspect (hospitality) of the managers that reflects the restoration of the image of God (Imago Dei). The absence of social conflict and the presence of sincere hospitality are identified not merely as business strategies, but as real implications of the work of the Holy Spirit who precedes the church (prevenient grace) in destroying human egoism. This study concludes that tourism can be an eschatological means by which social interactions are transformed into encounters that bring about God's Shalom, meaning that tourism can be a way to bring about God's peace through authentic encounters between tourists, rather than simply ordinary tourist transactions. The author recommends the reconstruction of public spaces in this destination as inclusive communal spaces that facilitate reconciliation and social transformation.

Flooding is one of the most common hydrometeorological disasters that significantly affects community life and governmental administration. Post-disaster management requires the involvement of multiple stakeholders through a collaborative approach to accelerate rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts. This study aims to analyze the humanitarian mission carried out by cadets of the Institute of Public Administration (IPDN) in post-flood management in Aceh Tamiang Regency using the Collaborative Governance framework developed by Ansell and Gash (2008). The study employs a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through document analysis, including activity reports, photographic documentation, official publications from the Ministry of Home Affairs, IPDN, local governments, and other supporting documents. Data analysis was conducted through coding, categorizing, and thematizing processes, which were subsequently interpreted based on the dimensions of Collaborative Governance. The findings indicate that the involvement of IPDN cadets represents an effective practice of collaborative governance. In the starting conditions dimension, collaboration was driven by the urgent need for rehabilitation and the limited resources available to the local government. The facilitative leadership dimension was reflected in the roles of the Ministry of Home Affairs, local governments, and the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) in facilitating coordination among stakeholders. Furthermore, institutional design was manifested through clear task allocation and coordination mechanisms, while the collaborative process was characterized by dialogue, trust, commitment, and shared understanding in supporting post-disaster recovery.

This article reviews the history and transformation of madrasah management in Indonesia. Emerging in the early twentieth century, madrasahs developed as educational institutions that combined the traditional values of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) with the organizational structure of modern schools. This study employs a literature review method to examine the evolution of madrasah governance from the colonial era to the reform era. The findings reveal three major stages in the development of madrasah management. The first stage was the early period, during which madrasahs were independently managed by religious leaders and Islamic organizations with limited government involvement. The second stage was the post-independence integration period, characterized by increasing government intervention in curriculum development, institutional regulation, and legal recognition. The third stage was the modernization era, marked by the issuance of the Joint Decree of the Three Ministers in 1975 and the enactment of the National Education System Law of 2003, which strengthened the position of madrasahs within the national education system and placed them on an equal footing with public schools. These developments encouraged madrasahs to adopt Madrasah-Based Management (MBM) as a strategy to improve educational quality, effectiveness, and competitiveness. Overall, the transformation of madrasah management reflects an adaptive process that enables madrasahs to respond to educational reforms and societal changes while maintaining their distinctive Islamic identity and educational mission.  

This research is motivated by the importance of understanding the development of the Kingdom of God in Indonesia as a reality present in the lives of the people through the values ​​of love, justice, and peace in a pluralistic society. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors that support and hinder the development of the Kingdom of God in Indonesia and explain its application in contemporary life. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method through a literature review and theological analysis of the social, cultural, and religious dynamics that are developing in Indonesian society. The results of the study indicate that the development of the Kingdom of God is supported by the role of the church in evangelistic missions, holistic services, universal values ​​of love and justice, and a spirit of religious moderation. On the other hand, this development is hampered by local cultural resistance, socio-political dynamics, a lack of comprehensive theological understanding, and the potential for conflict in poorly managed plurality. The implications of this research emphasize that the Kingdom of God needs to be lived as a contemporary reality through personal and social transformation, obedience to God's will, and the realization of identity as citizens of the Kingdom of God in everyday life.

Many churches face significant challenges in effectively carrying out their Gospel mission amidst limited resources, and one such church is the GSKI Pokok Anggur Church in Bekasi. This research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling. The data collection techniques employed in this study included literature review, observation, the author's own experiences, and face-to-face interviews with texts, without direct involvement with eyewitnesses of events or other objects. The results of this study are as follows: First, the implementation of the missionary movement or evangelism at the GSKI Pokok Anggur Church in Bekasi exhibits profound problems, both conceptually and practically. Although the church has established a structural commitment through the formation of a mission group and established a work program, evangelism activities have not yet met expectations. Second, the congregation's low financial support for the missionary movement at the GSKI Pokok Anggur Church in Bekasi is a complex phenomenon, arising from the interaction of various theological, structural, and cultural-economic factors.  

Religious and cultural diversity are inseparable realities of modern society. In the era of globalization, interactions among people from different religious and cultural backgrounds have become increasingly intensive, creating both opportunities and challenges for the practice of religious mission. These conditions require an inclusive, contextual, and dialogical approach in order for mission to remain relevant and constructive within pluralistic communities. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mission and dialogue in the context of multiculturalism and religious plurality. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach. Data were collected from books, scientific journals, and relevant theological documents, and were analyzed descriptively and interpretively. The findings indicate that mission should not be understood merely as the proclamation of the Gospel, but as active participation in Missio Dei, expressed through acts of love, justice, compassion, and peace. Interreligious dialogue serves as a strategic means of fostering tolerance, mutual understanding, respect, and cooperation among people of different faiths. The integration of mission and dialogue therefore represents a relevant and transformative approach for promoting social harmony and peaceful coexistence in pluralistic societies, particularly in the Indonesian context.

Widespread structural poverty is one of the tangible effects of a capitalist economic system that emphasizes capital accumulation and economic growth without regard for equity and social justice. This situation has prompted the Church to reexamine its role in a world marked by inequality and marginalization of the poor. This article aims to analyze the relevance of Pope Francis' thinking in the apostolic exhortation Evangelii Gaudium as a theological and pastoral basis for the Church's stance towards the poor. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature review approach through document study, with Evangelii Gaudium as the main source, supported by relevant social theology literature and academic studies. The results of the study show that Pope Francis comprehensively understands poverty in three dimensions, namely material, moral, and spiritual poverty. Through Evangelii Gaudium, the Church is called to experience a change in its mission, from a self-centered Church to a Church that moves outward and is actively involved in the liberation of the poor. Thus, the Church not only carries out charitable works, but also acts as an agent of social change that brings the joy of the Gospel, justice, and hope to a world wounded by structural injustice.

The expression “I am” (egō eimi) constitutes one of the most distinctive and theologically significant elements in the Gospel of John and plays a central role in the revelation of Jesus’ identity. Far from functioning merely as a linguistic marker of self-identification, this expression serves as a medium of self-revelation through which Jesus discloses His relationship with God and the salvific meaning of His mission for humanity. This study aims to examine the theological significance of the “I am” sayings in the Gospel of John by exploring their biblical context, their roots in Old Testament tradition, and their christological and soteriological implications. Employing a qualitative approach through library research, this study applies an exegetical–theological method to the Johannine text, supported by relevant biblical-theological and exegetical literature. The findings indicate that the “I am” sayings with predicates portray Jesus’ role in the work of salvation through symbolic and relational language, while the absolute (without predicate) “I am” sayings explicitly affirm Jesus’ divine identity by echoing the revelation of the divine name in the Old Testament tradition. Consequently, the Gospel of John presents a high-level Christology that situates Jesus as the center of divine revelation and the source of salvation. This study affirms that the “I am” sayings carry not only doctrinal significance but also existential implications, inviting a response of faith and a lived relationship with Christ in the contemporary life of believers.

Entering the third decade of the 21st century, the church faces the urgency of redefining its existence amidst the shift to a digital ecosystem. This research aims to analyze the synergy between church management and transformational leadership toward the effectiveness of leader multiplication in the Digital 4.0 era. Using a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through library research, this study explores the integration of modern management theories and theological principles. The findings indicate that church management serves as a vital infrastructure providing operational stability, while transformational leadership acts as a catalyst for innovation and behavioral change in facing VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity) conditions. The synergy between these two elements creates a “Digital Shepherding” model, where the digital space is transformed into a theological medium for character formation and spiritual transmission. The study concludes that the effectiveness of leader multiplication is determined by a shift from person-centered leadership to a system-inspired approach that integrates digital capabilities with biblical integrity. Strategic implications suggest that churches must adopt a digital mindset and establish digital leadership laboratories to ensure the sustainability of their mission among Generation Z.

This research aims to examine the values contained in Dalihan Na Tolu through the perspective of Christian eschatology and examine its relevance to the mission of the Catholic Church in society. Dalihan Na Tolu as a socio-cultural system of the Batak community contains the values of respect, solidarity, responsibility, and brotherhood which play an important role in building social harmony. This research uses a qualitative method with a library research approach through the collection of data from various books, journals, Church documents, and scientific sources relevant to the research theme. The results of the study show that the values in Dalihan Na Tolu are related to eschatological expectations in the Christian faith, especially in building a life that reflects the love, brotherhood, and fellowship that God wills. In addition, Dalihan Na Tolu also has relevance in the Church's mission as a means of inculturation in the proclamation of the Gospel that is more contextual in the Batak community. Thus, local culture is not seen as an obstacle to faith, but rather as a means that can support the realization of the values of God's Kingdom in common life.

This study discusses the dialogue between Christian faith and Karl Marx’s atheism as well as its relevance to the lives of contemporary Christians. The rise of atheism in modern society is closely related to secularization, scientific progress, social inequality, and criticism of religious institutions that are considered unable to answer humanitarian problems. Karl Marx viewed religion as an ideological instrument that often legitimized oppression and alienated humans from their true existence. Through his famous statement that “religion is the opium of the people,” Marx criticized forms of religiosity that merely comfort human suffering without striving for social liberation. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach by examining various philosophical, theological, and social sources related to Marx’s atheism and the Catholic Church’s teachings. The findings reveal that Marx’s criticism of religion should not merely be understood as a rejection of God, but also as a moral challenge for the Church to continuously renew itself in carrying out its mission amid social realities. In response, the Catholic Church, especially through the teachings of the Second Vatican Council, views atheism not only as a doctrinal challenge but also as an opportunity for dialogue and self-reflection. The study concludes that authentic Christian faith is not an escape from worldly realities but a spiritual force that encourages believers to uphold justice, solidarity, and human dignity. Therefore, Marx’s criticism can become a reflective instrument for Christians to embody a more contextual, humanistic, and socially engaged faith in the modern world.

This study examines the construction of da'wah methodology in the Qur’an based on Imam Ibn Kathir’s interpretation in Tafsir Al-Qur’an Al-‘Azhim. The research focuses on Qur’anic verses that explain the commands, principles, and methods of da'wah practiced by the prophets and messengers. Using a library research method, this study places Tafsir Ibn Kathir as the primary source, supported by relevant tafsir works and academic literature. The findings show that the Qur’anic da'wah methodology, according to Ibn Kathir, follows a universal and consistent pattern grounded in tawhid, wisdom, good advice, and courteous dialogue. The da'wah of the prophets shares a common objective, namely inviting people to worship Allah alone, obey His commands, and follow the messengers sent to them. The novelty of this study lies in its systematic formulation of Qur’anic da'wah methodology through Ibn Kathir’s classical interpretation, revealing the continuity of da'wah principles across prophetic generations. The study also emphasizes that effective da'wah depends on the suitability of methods to audience conditions and the moral example of the da’i. Therefore, this methodological construction is both normative and practical for contemporary da'wah challenges. It strengthens understanding of prophetic communication ethics in responding to diverse social and religious contexts today. This research contributes to the development of da'wah and tafsir studies and may serve as a conceptual reference for Qur’an-based da'wah practice.

This research is prompted by the unique narrative of Rahab, a Canaanite woman who occupies a critical theological position in Israel’s history of salvation despite her status as an outsider to the chosen people. The primary focus of this study is to explore the dimensions of Rahab’s faith and God’s sovereignty as recorded in Joshua 2:1-12. This study aims to analyze how the confession of faith from a marginalized individual aligns with God's sovereign plan and to determine the relevance of these values for contemporary Christian witness. The method employed is a qualitative approach utilizing library research and exegetical analysis of the text in Joshua 2:1-12. The findings indicate that Rahab's faith was not merely an act of self-preservation but a theological response to the formidable power of God that transcends ethnic boundaries and social status. God's sovereignty is proven capable of working through unexpected subjects to fulfill His divine purpose. The implications of this research assert that modern Christian witness must be inclusive and transformative, where the courage to declare God's truth amidst threatening situations constitutes a tangible form of living faith. The church is called to perceive God's sovereignty as the fundamental basis for mission and witness, unrestricted by social or cultural exclusivity.    

This study aims to explain how to instill character values ​​through extracurricular drumband activities at SD N 2 Musuk, located in Boyolali Regency. The rationale behind this research is because extracurricular activities are important in shaping students' character in accordance with the institution's vision and mission. The method applied in this study is descriptive qualitative. As research subjects, there are 45 students from grades 4, 5, and 6, and involving the principal, teachers, and coaches as sources of information. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation, which were then analyzed descriptively through data reduction, information presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that character instillation is carried out through a well-planned program and regular, scheduled practice. The character values ​​that were successfully instilled include discipline, responsibility, hard work, independence, collaboration, as well as religious attitudes and tolerance. The results of this activity are increased self-confidence and social skills of students, as well as the achievement of non-academic achievements that are a source of pride for the school.

Inflectional morphemes are of great importance in linguistic analysis, especially when applied to speech delivered in various contexts. We explore the complexity of inflectional morphemes through an analysis of Linda McMahon’s Speech script titled “Our Department’s Final Mission.” Inflectional morphemes are also known as grammatical morphemes, as their primary function is to provide grammatical information about a word without altering its core meaning or lexical category. These inflectional morphemes include possessive morphemes (-‘s/s’), plural morphemes (-s/es), third-person singular present morphemes (-s), past morphemes(-d/ed), present/progressive particles (-ing), past participle (-en), comparative particles (-er), and superlative particles (-est). Therefore, this study focuses on understanding the types of inflectional morphemes used in Linda McMahon’s speech script. The main theory of inflectional morphemes is based on an understanding of grammatical function, affixation processes, and categories in the language system. The researcher identified 7 categories of inflectional morphemes. The result showed that 99 inflectional morphemes were found in Linda McMahon’s speech script. There were 46 plural morphemes (-s), 26 present/progressive particle morphemes (-ing), 19 past tense morphemes (-ed), 4 possessive morphemes (-‘s/s’), 2 third-person singular present morphemes (-s),1 comparative morpheme (-er), and 1 superlative morpheme (-est). It can be conclude that the most dominant category in the analysis is the plural morpheme (-s) and the least dominant is the comparative (-er) and superlative (-est) morpheme. Its is hoped that this study can provide solutions in determining the types of inflectional morphemes in a speech script.

Jesus’ declaration “I am the gate” in John 10:7-9 is a rich theological metaphor that holds significant meaning for both Christological reflection and contemporary pastoral ministry. This article aims to examine the meaning of this statement through a biblical exegetical approach and pastoral theology. The research employs a qualitative method based on literary analysis, including a study of the Greek text and a contextual reading of the Gospel of John. The findings indicate that the metaphor of the “gate” emphasizes Jesus’ identity as the sole way to salvation and as the source of abundant life for believers. Moreover, this image highlights Christ’s pastoral function in granting access to a living relationship between God and humanity while providing protection and guidance for His flock. The pastoral implications of this text invite church ministers to imitate Christ as the gate by fostering openness, offering spiritual security, and promoting a liberating form of pastoral care. Thus, John 10:7–9 not only conveys profound theological insights but also offers a relevant pastoral paradigm for the Church’s mission in the contemporary context.

This study aims to analyze the cultural meaning of social drinking displayed in South Korean films on Netflix in 2024 through the perspective of Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic theory. Social drinking, as a cultural phenomenon, is not only a social habit in South Korea but is also often used as a narrative element in films to convey cultural values, social dynamics, and interpersonal relationships. Qualitative research methods with a semiotic analysis approach are used to explore the meaning displayed on the representamen, object, and interpretant sides of social drinking in the films Badland Hunters, Officer Black Belt, Mission: Cross, Wonderland, and My Name is Loh Kiwan. The results of the study show that social drinking represents the culture of togetherness of South Korean society that is woven into various contexts, such as work relationships, family, and friendships. In terms of representamen, visual signs in the form of symbols of drinking culture such as soju, banquet tables, and the movement of pouring drinks to each other create a strong picture of togetherness. From the object side, social drinking becomes a medium to highlight solidarity and release social pressure, especially in a hierarchical and competitive work culture. The resulting interpretation shows a dualism of meaning: on the one hand, it strengthens harmony and the value of togetherness, while on the other hand it displays the dark side of this culture, such as excess consumption and its influence on social pressure. This study provides new insights into the role of South Korean films as a medium for conveying global cultural messages, which are able to influence local cultural interpretations outside their country of origin. In addition, this study is expected to enrich the literature on semiotics in visual communication studies with a focus on drinking culture as an element of representation.