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Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. Based on the 2025 National Health Reporting System survey, ARI ranked first among diseases with the highest number of cases, reaching more than 14.5 million cases. This study aimed to determine and analyze the relationship between environmental sanitation and nutritional status with the incidence of ARI among children under five following flood disasters in the working area of Panteraja Community Health Center, Pidie Jaya Regency. The study employed a quantitative method with an analytical observational design using a case-control approach. The dependent variable was the incidence of ARI among under-five children, while the independent variables were environmental sanitation and nutritional status. The sample consisted of 122 children under five, including 61 children with ARI and 61 children without ARI. The results of the chi-square test showed a significant relationship between environmental sanitation and ARI incidence (p = 0.000; OR = 0.042; 95% CI = 0.014–0.133), as well as between nutritional status and ARI incidence (p = 0.000; OR = 0.011; 95% CI = 0.001–0.083). These findings indicate that poor environmental sanitation and inadequate nutritional status contribute to the occurrence of ARI among children under five after flooding. Therefore, promotive and preventive efforts, along with regular monitoring of children's nutritional status, are essential to reduce the risk of ARI.

Background: Pargarutan Julu Village, East Angkola District, South Tapanuli does not yet have a waste disposal site (TPS), causing residents to habitually dump waste into rivers and burn it around residential areas. In addition, the lack of knowledge about natural disaster mitigation is a problem that needs to be addressed urgently. Objective: This community service activity aims to increase public knowledge and awareness through education on waste management (sorting organic and inorganic waste, impacts of river pollution, and the 3R principle: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) and natural disaster preparedness (floods and fires). Methods: The activity was conducted outdoors in the village at night using lecture, PowerPoint presentation, and interactive discussion methods, involving 35 participants consisting of children and village residents of Pargarutan Julu. Results: The activity showed high enthusiasm from participants, with many questions raised during the interactive discussion sessions. There was an increase in community understanding of the importance of waste sorting, the dangers of dumping waste into rivers, the application of the 3R principle, and steps for preparedness against flood and fire disasters. Conclusion: The participatory outdoor educational approach effectively improved knowledge and awareness of Pargarutan Julu Village residents regarding proper waste management and natural disaster preparedness, and encouraged sustainable behavioral change in the community.

This study aims to identify and analyze the logical fallacies that arise in public conversations about environmental issues and natural resource management on Indonesian social media using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through scraping techniques using the Python programming language and subsequently analyzed using an informal logic framework to identify various forms of fallacious reasoning. The findings reveal the presence of multiple fallacies that substantially influence public understanding of causal relationships within environmental dynamics. These fallacies contribute to oversimplification, shifts in attention away from scientific evidence, and the emergence of distorted perceptions regarding structural factors in spatial planning and natural resource governance. This study contributes to environmental communication scholarship by emphasizing the importance of critical thinking literacy in improving the quality of public deliberation and supporting the formulation of evidence-based environmental policies.

Background:Landslides are a disaster that often occurs in hilly areas with high rainfall. The community's lack of knowledge about mitigation increases the risk of losses and casualties. This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge and preparedness of cadres and the community of Pargarutan Dolok Village in facing landslides through mentoring and counseling activities. The activity was carried out on May 25, 2026 in Pargarutan Dolok Village, East Angkola District, South Tapanuli Regency, targeting village cadres and the local community. Methods:The methods used included delivering material, interactive discussions, questions and answers, and distributing leaflets regarding the causes, signs, impacts, and mitigation steps for landslides. Evaluation was carried out through observations of participant participation and their ability to understand the material provided. The activity went well and received active participation from all participants. Results:The results of the observations showed an increase in participants' understanding of the causes, early signs, impacts, and actions that need to be taken before, during, and after a landslide occurs. The enthusiasm of the participants during the discussion also showed an increase in public awareness of the importance of disaster mitigation and preparedness. Conclusion: These findings indicate that landslide preparedness training is effective in increasing the knowledge, awareness, and preparedness of cadres and the community regarding landslide risks. This activity is expected to be the first step in strengthening community capacity and supporting the creation of disaster-resilient villages through ongoing disaster education.

Evacuation planning in spatial networks requires the identification of critical nodes that maintain connectivity, accessibility, and flow distribution during emergency situations. Existing approaches often rely on individual centrality measures, which capture only a single structural dimension of node importance and may therefore produce incomplete or biased prioritization. To address this limitation, this study proposes a Composite Centrality Framework for identifying critical nodes in meso-scale spatial networks with semi-structured connectivity. The network is modeled as a weighted undirected graph, and Degree, Betweenness, and Closeness Centrality are integrated into a unified composite index to capture complementary structural roles. The framework is implemented in MATLAB and evaluated using a real-world campus spatial network consisting of 30 nodes and a synthetic network comprising 16 nodes with comparable structural characteristics. The results reveal a highly uneven distribution of node importance, with a small set of structurally dominant nodes consistently identified across both networks. In the campus network, node P1 achieves the highest composite centrality score (0.2195) and ranks first across the individual centrality measures, indicating its dominant role in maintaining network connectivity, accessibility, and flow distribution. Quantitative evaluation demonstrates strong agreement between the composite ranking and the individual measures, with Spearman rank correlation coefficients of 0.94, 0.89, and 0.91 for Degree, Betweenness, and Closeness Centrality, respectively. However, only one node (P1) appears simultaneously in the top five of all rankings, highlighting the complementary nature of the individual centrality measures and supporting the need for multi-criteria integration. Sensitivity analysis across three weighting scenarios yields rank correlations exceeding 0.97, confirming ranking stability and methodological robustness. Overall, the proposed framework provides a balanced and reliable approach for identifying critical nodes and demonstrates potential applicability to evacuation planning and spatial network analysis in semi-structured environments.

Post-disaster settlement recovery requires more than the provision of permanent housing; it demands an integrated approach covering social, economic, institutional, environmental, and disaster risk reduction dimensions. This study analyzes the Settlement Planning Document (RPP) of the Sibalaya Selatan Satellite Permanent Resettlement Area (Huntap) in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi, which accommodates 118 households displaced by the 2018 Palu liquefaction disaster. The research examines the RPP as a participatory planning instrument for sustainable post-disaster recovery. A qualitative participatory approach using the Community Action Plan (CAP) method was conducted from July to November 2024 through focus group discussions, participatory workshops, formation of a Core Planning Team (TIP), field observations, document reviews, and public consultations. Data were analyzed using descriptive, infrastructure, spatial, and strengths-problems-opportunities-challenges frameworks. The findings reveal that community social capital, reflected in active organizations, social networks, and digital communication infrastructure, has been transformed into economic capital. In addition, four dimensions of community resilience economic, social, communication, and competence capacities were identified at varying levels of development. The TIP also played a strategic role in integrating the RPP into village and regional development planning. The resulting RPP contains 39 priority programs valued at approximately IDR 340.6 million for 2024-2028 across infrastructure, economic, social-environmental, and disaster risk reduction sectors. The study demonstrates that the CAP approach effectively supports sustainable settlement development and offers a replicable model for post-disaster resettlement areas in Indonesia.

This article analyzes the recurring flash floods in North Konawe Regency which occurred in 2000, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 as ecological disasters causally linked to three decades of natural resource exploitation through logging, oil palm plantations, and open-pit nickel mining. Using the dual framework of political ecology and environmental justice, this article argues that these disasters are not neutral natural events, but rather the product of a structured system of injustice: the indigenous Culambacu People and Tolaki People communities who were excluded from decision-making processes regarding extractive permits have borne the greatest burden of the destructive impacts of such exploitation. The most dramatic event was the 2019 flood that devastated Tapuwatu Village, causing losses amounting to Rp 674.8 billion and displacing 9,908 people. The findings demonstrate that the dominant government narrative framing the floods as “natural disasters caused by high rainfall” constitutes a strategic denial that obscures structural responsibility. Empirical data including rates of deforestation, exceeded river carrying capacity, and the chronology of concession expansion correlated with disaster escalation support the ecological disaster thesis. Persistent poverty amid abundant natural resource wealth confirms the condition of a “sacrifice zone,” characterized simultaneously by distributive, recognitional, and procedural injustices.

The urgency of this research lies in the increasing risk of flooding and air pollution in Makassar City due to rapid urbanisation and the uncontrolled growth of motorised vehicles. The purpose of this study is to analyse the potential of urban planning and sustainable mobility policies in reducing disaster risks and environmental impacts, and to formulate more adaptive and data-driven policy strategies. This study uses qualitative methods by collecting data through interviews, documentation, observation, and focus group discussions (FGDs). Key informants include the Environmental Agency, the Spatial Planning Agency, and the Makassar Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), which have strategic roles in spatial planning policies, environmental management, and disaster mitigation. The study findings indicate that flood risk and air pollution in Makassar City are complex problems influenced by population growth, land conversion, vehicle density, limited drainage, climate change, and industrial waste. Although various urban planning policies have been implemented, their effectiveness remains limited due to implementation constraints. Therefore, an integrated approach that combines adaptive urban planning, environmentally friendly mobility, effective waste management, and community participation is needed. With a systemic and coordinated strategy, Makassar has the potential to reduce flood risk, reduce pollution, and create a safer, healthier, and more sustainable urban environment.

Flooding is one of the most common hydrometeorological disasters that significantly affects community life and governmental administration. Post-disaster management requires the involvement of multiple stakeholders through a collaborative approach to accelerate rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts. This study aims to analyze the humanitarian mission carried out by cadets of the Institute of Public Administration (IPDN) in post-flood management in Aceh Tamiang Regency using the Collaborative Governance framework developed by Ansell and Gash (2008). The study employs a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through document analysis, including activity reports, photographic documentation, official publications from the Ministry of Home Affairs, IPDN, local governments, and other supporting documents. Data analysis was conducted through coding, categorizing, and thematizing processes, which were subsequently interpreted based on the dimensions of Collaborative Governance. The findings indicate that the involvement of IPDN cadets represents an effective practice of collaborative governance. In the starting conditions dimension, collaboration was driven by the urgent need for rehabilitation and the limited resources available to the local government. The facilitative leadership dimension was reflected in the roles of the Ministry of Home Affairs, local governments, and the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) in facilitating coordination among stakeholders. Furthermore, institutional design was manifested through clear task allocation and coordination mechanisms, while the collaborative process was characterized by dialogue, trust, commitment, and shared understanding in supporting post-disaster recovery.

This study aims to examine flood disaster mitigation efforts carried out by the Regional Disaster Management Agency in Sukamakmur Village, Karawang Regency. This research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. The theory used in this study is the Strategy Theory proposed by James Brian Quinn (2003:10), which consists of three dimensions: objectives, policies, and programs. The study identifies problems related to flood disasters that occur almost every year in Sukamakmur Village. To address these issues, it is necessary to analyze the mitigation efforts implemented by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), as well as the related policies and programs concerning flood disasters. The findings show that the objective of disaster mitigation is directed toward improving community preparedness and capacity in dealing with flood risks. Mitigation policies are implemented through strengthening community capacity based on non-structural mitigation, such as the establishment of Disaster Resilient Villages (DESTANA), village disaster volunteers, and disaster risk assessments. The mitigation programs carried out include disaster awareness socialization, mitigation training, and dissemination of daily weather information. In its implementation, BPBD also coordinates with the village government, sub-district task forces, and the River Basin Management Agency (BBWS). These mitigation programs have had a positive impact on increasing community knowledge, preparedness, and participation, although there are still obstacles in the form of limited budgets, infrastructure, human resources, and suboptimal cross-sector coordination. The contribution of this research is to provide additional insight and new information regarding the role of the Regional Disaster Management Agency in flood disaster mitigation.

Flooding is one of the most frequent disasters in DKI Jakarta and contributes not only to physical and economic losses but also to the emergence of various psychological problems among affected communities. This study aims to analyze the psychological impacts of post-flood disasters, particularly among vulnerable groups such as children and the elderly, and to examine the effects of repeated flood exposure on mental health conditions. This study employs a literature review method with a qualitative descriptive approach through the identification and synthesis of relevant scientific sources. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis to identify patterns, relationships, and trends in research findings. The results indicate that flooding is associated with psychological disorders such as stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with varying levels of severity. Repeated exposure to flooding has been shown to increase individuals’ vulnerability to mental health problems and reduce psychological well-being. However, protective factors such as social support, religiosity, emotional regulation abilities, and adaptive coping strategies play a significant role in strengthening resilience and accelerating psychological recovery. The findings highlight the importance of a holistic disaster management approach that integrates mental health services, strengthens community capacity, and enhances preparedness education to improve the psychological resilience of flood-affected communities.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of East Flores Regency in managing the eruption disaster of Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki during the pre-disaster, emergency response, and post-disaster phases. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method involving 18 informants from BPBD and affected communities in Wulanggitang and Ile Bura Sub-districts. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show that during the pre-disaster phase, BPBD implemented preparedness measures through disaster-prone area mapping, the establishment of Disaster Preparedness Teams and Disaster-Resilient Villages, public outreach, and the use of local wisdom. However, outdated contingency plans, limited early warning systems, weak relocation efforts, and low public awareness contributed to panic and casualties during the eruption. In the emergency response phase, BPBD successfully coordinated evacuation efforts, established emergency posts, and distributed logistics effectively. Nevertheless, displaced communities experienced discomfort due to prolonged emergency conditions and limited fulfillment of basic needs in temporary shelters. In the post-disaster phase, BPBD conducted rehabilitation and reconstruction through transportation recovery, trauma healing programs, and permanent housing development based on the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan (R3P). However, limited funding and delays in reconstruction processes remained major challenges. Therefore, improving coordination, institutional capacity, disaster communication, and community participation is essential for effective disaster management.

The Aceh Tamiang region was one of the areas affected by the hydrometeorological disaster. The disaster not only caused damage to community facilities and infrastructure but also left behind dead soil deposits that were poor in nutrients, dense in texture, and less productive for supporting agricultural and plantation activities. Research was conducted to examine strategies for utilizing dead soil after flooding by processing it with organic materials so that it could be converted into organic fertilizer with utility and economic value. This research aimed to find environmentally friendly land rehabilitation solutions, increase soil productivity, and open new business opportunities for disaster-affected communities. The results showed that the combination of flood sediment soil with organic materials significantly increased nutrient content, improved soil structure, increased water holding capacity, and accelerated the growth of test plants compared to untreated soil. Furthermore, this program provides dual benefits: on the one hand, it serves as a post-disaster land rehabilitation solution, and on the other hand, it serves as an opportunity for an organic fertilizer business that can reduce the community's dependence on relatively expensive chemical fertilizers. The implications of this research are not only limited to the technical aspects of agriculture but also touch on the socio-economic dimensions of the community. Utilizing dead soil as organic fertilizer can strengthen local economic resilience, increase farmer independence, and encourage the creation of environmentally friendly, sustainable agricultural systems. Therefore, this strategy can serve as an innovative model for addressing the impacts of hydrometeorological disasters in other areas facing similar challenges.

The flash floods that struck Aceh Tamiang caused infrastructure damage and contaminated clean water sources, making it difficult for residents to obtain potable water. This situation increases the risk of water-borne diseases and worsens the post-disaster situation. This research aims to develop a large-scale, simple water filtration prototype as an emergency response solution that is effective, economical, and easy to implement by affected communities. The methods used include field observation, water sampling, testing simple physical parameters (turbidity, color, odor, and pH), and designing a gravity-based, multi-stage filtration system without electricity. The prototype uses a combination of filter media such as gravel, silica sand, activated charcoal, and natural fibers in a drum system. Test results show a decrease in turbidity levels from 150–300 NTU to 5–15 NTU after the filtration process, as well as an increase in pH to near neutral. The filtered water is declared suitable for sanitation and consumption after undergoing a further disinfection process. In addition to implementing the technology, this research also includes public education regarding the selection of safe water sources and maintenance of the filtration system. Based on these results, this large-scale simple water filtration prototype is effective as an appropriate technological solution in handling the post-disaster clean water crisis and has the potential to be replicated in other flood-prone areas.

This research aims to examine the potential adaptation of Naval military logistics strategies to optimize humanitarian logistics distribution in remote archipelagic regions. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach of literature from the 2020-2026 period, this study dissects the concept of Sea-Based Logistics through domain, taxonomic, and componential analyses. The findings indicate that military advantages in floating infrastructure and integrated command chains can effectively bypass distribution barriers in areas lacking port facilities. The study concludes by recommending a military-civilian logistics integration model as a strategic solution for national logistics resilience in coastal areas. The effectiveness of this strategic adaptation relies not only on physical operational aspects but also on the synchronization of budgetary policies and the integration of information technology within the supply chain. From a logistics economics perspective, utilizing naval assets as floating bases mitigates the risk of high costs resulting from post-disaster land infrastructure damage. This synergy necessitates the establishment of collaborative Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) between military and civilian authorities to create a humanitarian logistics ecosystem that is more resilient, transparent, and capable of responding to crisis dynamics in outlying regions in real-time

This study examines disaster management strategies in earthquake-prone countries, with a comparative focus on Japan and the Philippines as case studies for lessons applicable to public administration systems worldwide. Using a qualitative comparative analysis approach, the research evaluates institutional frameworks, policy instruments, community engagement mechanisms, and intergovernmental coordination systems deployed in both countries. Japan’s highly centralized yet locally adaptive Disaster Management Basic Act framework is contrasted with the Philippines’ decentralized National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (NDRRM) system. Findings reveal that effective disaster management hinges on five critical pillars: strong legal frameworks, inter-agency coordination, investment in early warning systems, community resilience programs, and post-disaster recovery governance. The study further identifies that public trust, administrative capacity, and fiscal decentralization significantly influence disaster response outcomes. Lessons drawn from both countries offer practical recommendations for developing nations seeking to strengthen their disaster governance architectures. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on comparative public administration and disaster risk reduction, underscoring the imperative of integrated, adaptive, and community-centered governance frameworks in seismically active regions.

Flooding in Aceh has become a recurring phenomenon that cannot be understood solely as a natural disaster but also as a result of human activities within modern society. This study aims to analyze flooding in Aceh through the perspective of Ulrich Beck’s risk society theory, focusing on how modernization, environmental change, and development policies contribute to the production of risk. This research uses a literature review approach by examining scientific articles published between 2021 and 2026 from indexed national and international journals. The analysis was conducted thematically to identify patterns, similarities, and research gaps. The findings show that natural factors such as high rainfall and atmospheric conditions act as primary triggers, while human activities including land-use change, river sedimentation, and ineffective policies significantly intensify flood risks. Flooding is therefore categorized as a manufactured risk produced by modern development processes. In addition, the impacts are not limited to ecological damage but also affect social and psychological conditions of society. These results indicate that floods should be understood not only from a technical perspective but also from a social perspective. The study implies that flood management requires a comprehensive approach integrating environmental sustainability, social awareness, and evidence-based policy to reduce both the impact and sources of risk in a sustainable manner.

This community service activity aimed to build a disaster preparedness culture through earthquake and tsunami simulation activities at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Suak Timah, West Aceh Regency. The activity was motivated by the high risk of earthquake and tsunami disasters in the coastal area of West Aceh and the limited understanding of students regarding disaster mitigation and evacuation procedures. This program was carried out through collaboration between the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of West Aceh Regency, lecturers from the Civil Engineering Department of Teuku Umar University, the Samatiga Community Health Center, and the school. The methods used included education, socialization, demonstrations, and direct simulations regarding self-rescue actions during earthquakes and tsunamis. The simulation was conducted at Suak Timah Football Field as the evacuation gathering point. The results showed an increase in students’ and school members’ knowledge and preparedness in facing disasters. Participants were able to understand evacuation routes, perform self-protection actions, and follow evacuation procedures in an orderly and rapid manner. Evaluation results indicated that disaster mitigation understanding reached 85%, self-rescue ability 88%, accuracy in following evacuation routes 90%, discipline during simulation 92%, and participant involvement reached 95%. This activity also encouraged the formation of a disaster awareness culture and the emergence of active student roles as preparedness pioneers within the school environment. Therefore, disaster simulation proved to be an effective educational medium in improving the capacity and preparedness of school communities toward earthquake and tsunami risks.

Megathrust earthquakes occurring along subduction zones pose significant natural hazards, particularly in tectonically active regions such as Indonesia. The southern coast of Java is highly vulnerable due to its proximity to the Sunda megathrust, which has the potential to generate large-magnitude earthquakes and associated risks. This study aims to develop a GIS-based model to assess megathrust earthquake hazards in Southern Java, Indonesia. A quantitative geospatial approach was employed by integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis framework using weighted overlay analysis. Several spatial parameters, including seismic activity, distance to the subduction zone, geological structure, and elevation, were processed and standardized before being combined into a composite hazard index. The results indicate a clear spatial pattern, where high hazard zones are concentrated in coastal and offshore areas near the subduction interface, while inland regions exhibit lower hazard levels. This spatial distribution reflects the influence of tectonic proximity on hazard intensity. The study demonstrates that GIS-based weighted overlay analysis is effective in integrating multiple hazard indicators into a unified spatial model. The resulting hazard map provides valuable insights for disaster risk reduction, spatial planning, and preparedness strategies in megathrust-prone areas. This research also contributes to the advancement of geospatial modeling frameworks for earthquake hazard assessment, particularly in regions with similar tectonic characteristics.

Flood disasters have repeatedly affected Aceh Tamiang Regency for over fifteen years, causing significant material and socio-cultural losses. This study aims to examine the social response of the community through a literature review approach, using Jurgen Habermas's Communicative Action Theory as the analytical framework. Data were collected systematically from national journal articles, scientific proceedings, and academic reports related to flood mitigation and community social response in Aceh Tamiang. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis and thematic analysis techniques. The findings reveal that the community's response is primarily driven by local solidarity rooted in cultural values and local wisdom such as hadih maja. In Habermasian terms, this social response reflects the lifeworld domain, manifesting in voluntary collective action. However, a structural tension exists between the government's top-down system and the community's communicative rationality. Effective disaster mitigation requires the development of participatory public spaces that bridge the system and lifeworld, enabling the transformation from instrumental action to communicative action, thereby strengthening collective resilience against flood disasters.