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Communication is a fundamental aspect of human life. However, individuals with hearing and speech impairments often face barriers in communicating with the general public. The Indonesian Sign System (SIBI) serves as a communication solution for the deaf and speech-impaired community in Indonesia, yet public understanding of SIBI remains limited. To address this issue, this study aims to develop an automatic translation model from SIBI sign language into Indonesian text by utilizing Deep Learning technology, specifically the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm. CNN was chosen for its ability to effectively recognize visual patterns, making it suitable for processing hand gesture images in sign language. This research involved collecting and classifying a dataset of hand images based on the alphabet or words in SIBI, which were then used to train the CNN model. The designed CNN model was built to accurately classify hand signs and translate them into Indonesian text. The results of this study have the potential to serve as a supportive solution for inclusive communication between the deaf community and the wider public, and can be further developed for contextual sentence translation. Keywords: Indonesian Sign System (SIBI), CNN, Deep Learning, Automatic Translation, Inclusive Communication

This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to explore the impact of users’ mental models on the implementation of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) as a strategy for mitigating password guessing risks in organizational environments. Amid the growing landscape of cyber threats, single-factor authentication has proven to be vulnerable, making MFA an essential layered security solution. However, the adoption of MFA remains slow. Existing studies indicate that expert users perceive MFA as a useful additional layer of verification, whereas non-expert users often view it as a burdensome task (a chore) and may even struggle to distinguish between different types of MFA. Dependence on mobile devices emerges as a common source of frustration for both groups. These findings emphasize that understanding users’ mental models is crucial for improving the implementation and usability of MFA. Innovations such as adaptive MFA or Single Input Multi-Factor Authentication (SIMFA) show potential as solutions to balance security requirements and user experience.

Since 2022, the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the healthcare sector has grown significantly, marked by the increasing adoption of wearable technology, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and blockchain integration. Research highlights India and China as leading contributors in this domain. IoT enables real-time monitoring of chronic diseases, tracking of patient vital signs, and detection of health protocol compliance. Integrated systems such as Monit4Healthy and RADAR-IoT support personalized medical recommendations and cross-platform interoperability. However, key challenges persist, including patient data privacy and security, system interoperability issues, data fragmentation, and barriers to user acceptance due to cost, digital literacy, and device comfort. Proposed solutions include blockchain for secure data sharing, adaptive congestion control for network performance, and user training to improve technology adoption. Therefore, successful IoT deployment in healthcare requires a comprehensive approach that addresses technological, social, ethical, and sustainability aspects to achieve an effective and inclusive transformation of health services.

This research examines the application of the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) in a blockchain system as a security solution for digital payment systems in Indonesia. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach based on literature review and conceptual simulations using Python, this study discusses the working principles of ECDSA, its advantages over other digital signature algorithms, and the challenges of its adoption in Indonesia. The results show that ECDSA provides high cryptographic efficiency, maintains transaction authenticity and integrity, and supports a transparent decentralized system. The academic simulations include not only KYC processes, top-ups, transactions, validation by validators, and block recording, but also demonstrates the formation of an interconnected multi-level blockchain and tests scenarios for rejecting manipulated or invalid transactions. The contribution of this research lies not only in the theoretical review but also in the implementation illustrations that can be used as a basis for education and the initial development of blockchain-based digital payment systems. The research results show that ECDSA is capable of providing a high level of efficiency in the encryption and transaction verification process, maintaining data integrity and authenticity, and supporting a decentralized and transparent system. The academic simulations included the KYC process, wallet creation using ECDSA keys, balance top-ups through bank integration, transaction creation and validation, and block recording in the blockchain. Specifically, the simulations successfully demonstrated how new blocks are added to the chain by referencing the previous block's hash, as well as how transactions with corrupted signatures, manipulated amounts, or insufficient balances are automatically rejected by the validator consensus mechanism, maintaining system integrity. This research contributes not only theoretically, but also through conceptual representations that can be used as an educational foundation and for the initial development of blockchain-based digital payment systems in Indonesia.

Selecting the right supplier is a critical aspect of supply chain management, especially in a retail business like Parfume Corner, which relies on product quality, availability, and on-time delivery. This study aims to implement the VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) method as a multi-criteria decision-making approach to determine the best perfume supplier. The VIKOR method was chosen because of its ability to handle conflicts between criteria and produce optimal compromise solutions. The evaluation criteria used include product quality, price, on-time delivery, after-sales service, and flexibility in negotiations. Data were collected from five potential suppliers through observation, interviews, and historical transaction documents. The analysis results showed that one supplier obtained the lowest VIKOR index score, thus being determined as the best compromise solution. The implementation of the VIKOR method proved effective in providing objective and transparent recommendations, which can support Parfume Corner's strategic decisions in building long-term partnerships with reliable suppliers. This approach can also be adapted by similar businesses to improve procurement efficiency and quality. The test results obtained were that in the expert test a Good value was obtained, namely 80%, while in the system test a Very Good conclusion was obtained, namely 100%.

Provinsi Jawa Tengah memiliki tingkat ketimpangan yang cukup tinggi, terutama di perkotaan. Data BPS Semester 2 Tahun 2024 menunjukkan rasio ketimpangan di perkotaan sebesar 0.392 dan di pedesaan 0.364, yang disebabkan oleh pembangunan wilayah yang belum merata. Pemerataan pembangunan menjadi fokus utama dalam RPJMN 2025–2045 menuju Indonesia Emas 2045, dengan "Pembangunan Kewilayahan" sebagai agenda ke-6 dari 8 agenda pembangunan, dengan tujuan untuk mewujudkan pemerataan dan keadilan pembangunan. Jawa Tengah memiliki 35 kabupaten/kota dengan tantangan pembangunan yang beragam. Untuk mencapai keadilan pembangunan, daerah tertinggal perlu diprioritaskan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan rekomendasi daerah prioritas pembangunan menggunakan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) dengan metode Entropy untuk pembobotan kriteria dan TOPSIS (Technique for Order by Similarity to Ideal Solution)  untuk penentuan prioritas. Kriteria yang digunakan meliputi aspek pendidikan, ekonomi, dan kesejahteraan masyarakat, seperti Umur Harapan Hidup (UHH), Harapan Lama Sekolah (HLS), Rata-rata Lama Sekolah (RLS), Pengeluaran per Kapita, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), Persentase Penduduk Miskin, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT), serta Gini Ratio (rasio ketimpangan ). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Pemalang, Wonosobo, dan Banjarnegara merupakan daerah prioritas pembangunan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi rekomendasi bagi pemangku kebijakan untuk mendukung pembangunan yang lebih merata dan berkeadilan.

. Ekspor memainkan peran penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi, memberikan kontribusi terhadap devisa negara dan meningkatkan daya saing di pasar internasional. Menentukan produk ekspor unggulan menjadi tantangan karena harus mempertimbangkan berbagai faktor, seperti nilai ekonomi, permintaan pasar, stabilitas harga, dan keberlanjutan produksi. Keputusan yang kurang tepat dapat berdampak pada efisiensi, daya saing produk lokal, dan bahkan ketergantungan pada pasar global. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pendekatan yang lebih sistematis dan berbasis data untuk membuat keputusan yang tepat dalam pemilihan produk ekspor unggulan. Penggunaan sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) dapat membantu mempermudah proses ini dengan menyediakan analisis berbasis data yang lebih objektif. Metode MOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization on the Basis of Ratio Analysis) dapat digunakan untuk menentukan bobot kriteria, membantu pengambil keputusan untuk menilai seberapa penting setiap faktor yang terlibat. Sementara itu, TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) digunakan untuk memilih alternatif terbaik berdasarkan kedekatannya dengan solusi ideal yang diinginkan. Pendekatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan rekomendasi yang lebih objektif dan akurat, mendukung pengambil kebijakan serta pelaku usaha dalam menetapkan strategi ekspor yang optimal. Dengan cara ini, daya saing produk lokal dapat ditingkatkan secara berkelanjutan, memastikan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih stabil dan meningkatkan posisi negara di pasar global  

Decision Support System (SPK) can be used to select the best college in this journal, the author uses the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method which is expected to be a solution for consideration for prospective new students who want to pursue higher education. From the calculation results, it is found that the highest result value from the calculation formula can be used to be the best choice in choosing a college for prospective students. With confusion matrix accuracy reaching 90%.  

Stunting occurs due to malnutrition which inhibits growth in toddlers. Stunting can also be caused by problems during pregnancy. This study aims to identify the risk of stunting during pregnancy and determine pregnant women who are at risk of this condition. By identifying and prioritizing critical factors that contribute to stunting in children under five, this research is expected to assist policy makers in developing effective solutions to reduce stunting rates. Handling the problem of stunting is important for the Government because it relates to the future generation of Golden Indonesia 2045. This study evaluates appropriate actions or therapies to reduce the risk of having children born with the potential to experience stunting. In the process of selecting pregnant women who are at risk of giving birth to children with the risk of stunting, a selection procedure is carried out that considers several factors such as the mother's age, mother's nutritional intake, arm circumference, hemoglobin level, parity, birth spacing, height, and mother's body mass index (BMI). The analytic network process (ANP) approach is used to determine the outcome of the selection process. The ranking is determined based on the calculation of the weighting of the criteria and sub-criteria in the ANP method. Based on the results of calculations using the ANP approach, PM 1 pregnant women get the highest score and are ranked first. These pregnant women are considered to have the highest risk of giving birth to babies with stunting risk.

Prinsip­prinsip metodologi perancangan perangkat lunak menjadi basis proses rekayasa aplikasi bisnis  telah  banyak  di  terapkan. Dimana  sebuah metodologi merupakan  kerangka  pijakan  utama  dalam perancangan perangkat lunak profesional untuk menghasilkan aplikasi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan bisnis sebuah organisasi. Tahapan­tahapan dalam membangun sebuah perangkat lunak akan sangat berguna untuk memastikan apakah elemen­elemen proyek pengembangan perangkat lunak telah dikelola dengan baik dan benar. Microsoft Solution Framework  (MSF)  sebagai metodologi  alternatif perancangan  perangkat  lunak menggabungkan  dua  metodologi  yang  berbeda  menjadi  satu  kesatuan  yang  utuh  untuk  menghasilkan sebuah  solusi  perangkat  lunak  yang  lebih  dinamis  dengan  mengadopsi  kelebihan  dari  masing­masing metodologi.  Kedua  metodologi  tersebut  adalah  Waterfall  dan  Spiral.  Metodologi  Waterfall menggambarkan  sebuah  model  proses  yang  statis  dengan  tahapan­tahapan  berlapis  yang menggunakan sebuah milestone sebagai  transisi pada  setiap  tahap perancangan,  sementara metodologi Spiral  (iterative) menerapkan  model  proses  secara  sirkular  tanpa  adanya  cekpoint  atau  milestone.  Namun  kelebihan metodologi spiral adalah mengenai kebutuhan pengembangan secara keberlanjutan dan adanya keterlibatan pemakai dalam pembangunan perangkat  lunak sehingga perangkat  lunak akan selalu berkembang dengan versi dan fitur yang lebih baru.

Genetic Algorithm is a kind of search algorithm based on the mechanics of natural selection and genetics. This algorithm can  search  for a global optimum  solution using multiple path and  treat  integer problem naturally. This paper presents application of Genetic Algorithm for determining the size, location, type, and number of capacitors to be placed on radial distribution system. The objective is to minimize the peak power losses and energy losses in the distribution system considering the capacitor cost. The algorithm was implemented in Delphi programming language and tested for a realistic physically­existing feeder to show its feasibility and capabilities.

Decision Support System couple the intellectual resource of individuals with the capabilities of the computer to improve the quality of decision. It's a computer based support system for management decision makers who deal with semi-structured problem. An integrated decision support system for use in an machine mollen product has been developed. It incorporates a linear Programming model that represents the contribution optimal and optimizes the production water pump and mollen machine. An optimization model is performed using a management scient model called linear programming approach in older to determine media selection. To use this model, the DSS needs ti interface with another software. Mathematical Programming is a technique used in mathematical models, particularly optimization models, to assist in decision making. The Simplex Method is "a systematic procedure for generating and testing candidate vertex solutions to a linear program." (Gill, Murray, and Wright, p. -137) It begins at an arbitrary corner of the solution set. At each iteration, the Simplex Method selects the variable that will produce the largest change towards the minimum (or maximum) solution. The  development of computer programs to be used as Decision Support Systems involves several tasks such as mathematical modeling, technical and data collection and development of a user friendly interface.

Decision support systems based on fuzzy logic may be used to solve problems to find optimum solution on  fuzziness environmental. The differences with old decision support system is we can find optimum solution that more realities, because in fuzzy logic not use absolute  truthful right or false. Goal of this article is how to construct model base on decision support system based on  fuzzy logic.