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This study aims to examine the effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure and energy price volatility on stock returns of energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2022–2024 period. A quantitative approach was employed using multiple linear regression as the analytical method. The sample consisted of 10 energy companies selected through purposive sampling, based on the availability of sustainability reports, stock price data, and research completeness. The results indicate that ESG disclosure has a positive and significant effect on stock returns, suggesting that companies with higher sustainability transparency tend to gain stronger investor confidence. Energy price volatility also shows a positive and significant effect on stock returns, reflecting the sector’s sensitivity to global energy price dynamics. Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence stock returns, although the relatively low coefficient of determination implies that other factors should also be considered. This study highlights the importance of integrating internal factors (ESG) and external factors (energy price volatility) for investors when making investment decisions in the energy sector.