Publication Search

Anxiety before childbirth is a common psychological condition experienced by pregnant women, particularly those who are primigravida. Such anxiety can be influenced by various factors, including lack of knowledge, fear of pain, and uncertainty about the childbirth process. Prenatal classes are educational programs designed to improve pregnant women’s understanding, confidence, and readiness in facing labor. These classes typically provide information about pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum care, and newborn care. However, the extent to which prenatal classes effectively reduce anxiety before childbirth requires further investigation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the implementation of prenatal classes and labor anxiety levels among pregnant women. A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The sample consisted of 30 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using standardized anxiety questionnaires administered before and after participants attended prenatal classes. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The findings revealed a significant relationship between participation in prenatal classes and a reduction in labor anxiety, with a p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that prenatal classes can play an important role in preparing pregnant women mentally and emotionally for the childbirth process. The interactive education and supportive environment provided during these sessions help participants gain confidence and reduce fear. It is recommended that healthcare providers in health facilities continue to optimize the delivery of prenatal classes by incorporating more interactive methods and involving family members. Family support, in combination with structured prenatal education, can further enhance the effectiveness of these programs in reducing childbirth-related anxiety.

Anxiety before childbirth is a common psychological condition experienced by pregnant women, particularly those who are primigravida. Such anxiety can be influenced by various factors, including lack of knowledge, fear of pain, and uncertainty about the childbirth process. Prenatal classes are educational programs designed to improve pregnant women’s understanding, confidence, and readiness in facing labor. These classes typically provide information about pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum care, and newborn care. However, the extent to which prenatal classes effectively reduce anxiety before childbirth requires further investigation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the implementation of prenatal classes and labor anxiety levels among pregnant women. A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The sample consisted of 30 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using standardized anxiety questionnaires administered before and after participants attended prenatal classes. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The findings revealed a significant relationship between participation in prenatal classes and a reduction in labor anxiety, with a p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that prenatal classes can play an important role in preparing pregnant women mentally and emotionally for the childbirth process. The interactive education and supportive environment provided during these sessions help participants gain confidence and reduce fear. It is recommended that healthcare providers in health facilities continue to optimize the delivery of prenatal classes by incorporating more interactive methods and involving family members. Family support, in combination with structured prenatal education, can further enhance the effectiveness of these programs in reducing childbirth-related anxiety.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the types and factors of speech errors that uttered by character Dory in “Finding Dory” movie. This study used descriptive qualitative approach. The source of the data is “Finding Dory” movie.  Furthermore, the data was collected through watched and transcribed the utterances of Dory that indicate the speech errors. In total there are 90 data of speech errors that identified and classified based on Clark & Clark’s (1977) theory into eight types. Those are predominantly categorized as repeats with total 30 data, followed by silent pauses with 25 data, filled pause with 12 data, interjection with 9 data, unretraced false starts 5 data, retraced false starts 4 data, stutters 3 data, and correction with 2 data. The speech error in Dory’s utterances is mostly influenced by her cognitive cognition.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the types and factors of speech errors that uttered by character Dory in “Finding Dory” movie. This study used descriptive qualitative approach. The source of the data is “Finding Dory” movie.  Furthermore, the data was collected through watched and transcribed the utterances of Dory that indicate the speech errors. In total there are 90 data of speech errors that identified and classified based on Clark & Clark’s (1977) theory into eight types. Those are predominantly categorized as repeats with total 30 data, followed by silent pauses with 25 data, filled pause with 12 data, interjection with 9 data, unretraced false starts 5 data, retraced false starts 4 data, stutters 3 data, and correction with 2 data. The speech error in Dory’s utterances is mostly influenced by her cognitive cognition.

The digital revolution in global health presents great opportunities and challenges through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), big data and telemedicine. However, the absence of a transcendent ethical foundation in the development of medical technology risks undermining human values and justice. This study aims to critically examine the direction of digital health development by integrating the ethical and spiritual values of the Qur'an. The method used is a critical qualitative approach based on library research, with normative analysis of verses related to health principles, information ethics, and maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. The results of the study show that in QS. Al-Isrā': 70 emphasizes human dignity as the basis for medical data protection; likewise in QS. Al-Syu'arā': 80 emphasizes that healing is divine and should not be separated from spiritual values; while in QS. Al-Baqarah: 286 provides guidance on the limits of responsibility and human capabilities in the utilization of technology. The critical discussion underlines the importance of building Qur'anic-based digital ethics that emphasize justice ('adālah), trustworthiness, and compassion (raḥmah) in designing equitable and inclusive artificial intelligence (AI) systems and remote health services. It is hoped that this study will provide recommendations for the development of Qur'anic Digital Ethics as a future normative framework for global digital health innovation.

Stunting remains one of the major public health issues at the national level in Indonesia. As an archipelagic country, Indonesia faces unique challenges in tackling stunting, particularly in regions with limited access to healthcare services. Advances in information technology offer new opportunities to support stunting prevention efforts, including through the utilization of health data. Such data can be used to detect stunting risks early and to monitor children's nutritional status more effectively. The use of health data applications or systems by Posyandu cadres is influenced by various factors, including availability of time, cost, level of trust, and perceptions of ease of use and usefulness. This study aims to identify the determinants of health data utilization by Posyandu cadres for toddlers as a stunting prevention effort in Geneng Subdistrict, Ngawi Regency. This research is an analytical quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 80 Posyandu cadres for toddlers in Geneng Subdistrict was selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression tests to identify the factors influencing the use of health data in stunting prevention. The results show that the significant determinants include the age of the Posyandu cadre, their education level, and the amount of time they dedicate to Posyandu activities. The determinants of age, education level, and time significantly influence the utilization of health data and thereby affect the optimization of stunting prevention. Strengthening cadre capacity in these aspects is necessary to support more effective stunting prevention.

Stunting remains one of the major public health issues at the national level in Indonesia. As an archipelagic country, Indonesia faces unique challenges in tackling stunting, particularly in regions with limited access to healthcare services. Advances in information technology offer new opportunities to support stunting prevention efforts, including through the utilization of health data. Such data can be used to detect stunting risks early and to monitor children's nutritional status more effectively. The use of health data applications or systems by Posyandu cadres is influenced by various factors, including availability of time, cost, level of trust, and perceptions of ease of use and usefulness. This study aims to identify the determinants of health data utilization by Posyandu cadres for toddlers as a stunting prevention effort in Geneng Subdistrict, Ngawi Regency. This research is an analytical quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 80 Posyandu cadres for toddlers in Geneng Subdistrict was selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression tests to identify the factors influencing the use of health data in stunting prevention. The results show that the significant determinants include the age of the Posyandu cadre, their education level, and the amount of time they dedicate to Posyandu activities. The determinants of age, education level, and time significantly influence the utilization of health data and thereby affect the optimization of stunting prevention. Strengthening cadre capacity in these aspects is necessary to support more effective stunting prevention.

The digital revolution in global health presents great opportunities and challenges through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), big data and telemedicine. However, the absence of a transcendent ethical foundation in the development of medical technology risks undermining human values and justice. This study aims to critically examine the direction of digital health development by integrating the ethical and spiritual values of the Qur'an. The method used is a critical qualitative approach based on library research, with normative analysis of verses related to health principles, information ethics, and maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. The results of the study show that in QS. Al-Isrā': 70 emphasizes human dignity as the basis for medical data protection; likewise in QS. Al-Syu'arā': 80 emphasizes that healing is divine and should not be separated from spiritual values; while in QS. Al-Baqarah: 286 provides guidance on the limits of responsibility and human capabilities in the utilization of technology. The critical discussion underlines the importance of building Qur'anic-based digital ethics that emphasize justice ('adālah), trustworthiness, and compassion (raḥmah) in designing equitable and inclusive artificial intelligence (AI) systems and remote health services. It is hoped that this study will provide recommendations for the development of Qur'anic Digital Ethics as a future normative framework for global digital health innovation.

This paper examines the implementation of translanguaging pedagogies within digital learning environments and their effectiveness in developing multilingual competence among Generation Z learners. Through a mixed-methods study involving 186 students and 14 educators across six higher education institutions, this research investigates how strategic integration of translanguaging practices in digital spaces supports linguistic flexibility, metalinguistic awareness, and cross-cultural competence. Findings reveal that digitally-mediated translanguaging approaches resulted in significant improvements in learners' willingness to communicate across languages (p<.01), metalinguistic awareness (p<.001), and cross-cultural communication efficacy (p<.01) compared to monolingual instructional approaches. The research further identifies five key digital translanguaging strategies that effectively leverage Generation Z's technological aptitude and multimodal literacy. This study contributes to the growing field of multilingual digital pedagogy by demonstrating how translanguaging can be systematically integrated into digital learning environments to foster linguistic repertoire expansion that aligns with the communicative needs of increasingly globalized contexts. The pedagogical framework presented offers practical guidance for educators seeking to implement translanguaging approaches in various digital learning modalities while accommodating Generation Z's learning preferences and multilingual development.

This study examines strategies for enhancing community participation in regional development planning by implementing bottom-up approaches. As democratic governance evolves, the need for meaningful citizen engagement in development planning becomes increasingly critical for ensuring sustainable and equitable outcomes. This research analyzes the effectiveness of participatory planning mechanisms, identifies barriers to community engagement, and proposes innovative strategies for strengthening bottom-up development planning processes. Using a comparative case study methodology across six regional governments, this study evaluates various participatory instruments including citizen forums, participatory budgeting, community mapping, and digital engagement platforms. The findings reveal that successful bottom-up planning requires institutional commitment, capacity building, cultural sensitivity, and sustained dialogue between government and communities. The study provides a framework for designing and implementing effective participatory planning systems that genuinely incorporate community voices in regional development decisions.

The use of hormonal contraception is a common method used by women of childbearing age to prevent pregnancy. However, this method is often associated with side effects, one of which is spotting or light bleeding outside the menstrual cycle. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and the incidence of spotting in the Sonuo Village Health Center  area. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 37 respondents selected by total sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test with the help of SPSS software. The results showed that the majority of respondents used injectable contraception (62.2%), followed by implants (24.3%) and pills (13.5%). Most injectable users experienced spotting (82.6%), while implant users more often experienced amenorrhea (77.8%). The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and the incidence of spotting (p-value = 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that the type of hormonal contraception affects the incidence of spotting, where injectables cause spotting more often than other methods. Education about the side effects of hormonal contraception needs to be increased so that users can choose a method that suits their body condition.

The use of hormonal contraception is a common method used by women of childbearing age to prevent pregnancy. However, this method is often associated with side effects, one of which is spotting or light bleeding outside the menstrual cycle. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and the incidence of spotting in the Sonuo Village Health Center  area. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 37 respondents selected by total sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test with the help of SPSS software. The results showed that the majority of respondents used injectable contraception (62.2%), followed by implants (24.3%) and pills (13.5%). Most injectable users experienced spotting (82.6%), while implant users more often experienced amenorrhea (77.8%). The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and the incidence of spotting (p-value = 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that the type of hormonal contraception affects the incidence of spotting, where injectables cause spotting more often than other methods. Education about the side effects of hormonal contraception needs to be increased so that users can choose a method that suits their body condition.

This paper examines the implementation of translanguaging pedagogies within digital learning environments and their effectiveness in developing multilingual competence among Generation Z learners. Through a mixed-methods study involving 186 students and 14 educators across six higher education institutions, this research investigates how strategic integration of translanguaging practices in digital spaces supports linguistic flexibility, metalinguistic awareness, and cross-cultural competence. Findings reveal that digitally-mediated translanguaging approaches resulted in significant improvements in learners' willingness to communicate across languages (p<.01), metalinguistic awareness (p<.001), and cross-cultural communication efficacy (p<.01) compared to monolingual instructional approaches. The research further identifies five key digital translanguaging strategies that effectively leverage Generation Z's technological aptitude and multimodal literacy. This study contributes to the growing field of multilingual digital pedagogy by demonstrating how translanguaging can be systematically integrated into digital learning environments to foster linguistic repertoire expansion that aligns with the communicative needs of increasingly globalized contexts. The pedagogical framework presented offers practical guidance for educators seeking to implement translanguaging approaches in various digital learning modalities while accommodating Generation Z's learning preferences and multilingual development.

This study examines strategies for enhancing community participation in regional development planning by implementing bottom-up approaches. As democratic governance evolves, the need for meaningful citizen engagement in development planning becomes increasingly critical for ensuring sustainable and equitable outcomes. This research analyzes the effectiveness of participatory planning mechanisms, identifies barriers to community engagement, and proposes innovative strategies for strengthening bottom-up development planning processes. Using a comparative case study methodology across six regional governments, this study evaluates various participatory instruments including citizen forums, participatory budgeting, community mapping, and digital engagement platforms. The findings reveal that successful bottom-up planning requires institutional commitment, capacity building, cultural sensitivity, and sustained dialogue between government and communities. The study provides a framework for designing and implementing effective participatory planning systems that genuinely incorporate community voices in regional development decisions.

The development of critical thinking skills is essential for preparing future generations to effectively navigate the challenges posed by rapid technological and scientific advancements. This study examines the effectiveness of STEM-based learning (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in enhancing critical thinking skills among elementary school students in Indonesia. Using a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test control group design, this research involved 120 students from three elementary schools in East Java. The experimental group was taught using an integrated STEM approach, while the control group continued with a traditional curriculum. The primary objective was to assess how STEM-based learning impacts students' critical thinking, particularly in areas such as problem-solving, reasoning, and analysis. The results revealed a significant improvement in the critical thinking abilities of students in the STEM group compared to the control group. Students in the experimental group demonstrated enhanced skills in problem-solving and reasoning, with notable improvements in their ability to analyze and evaluate information. Additionally, the STEM group exhibited higher levels of engagement, curiosity, and motivation in their learning, along with a greater ability to apply interdisciplinary knowledge to real-life contexts. These findings suggest that STEM-based learning can play a crucial role in developing critical thinking and other essential skills required in the 21st century. This research underscores the potential benefits of incorporating STEM education into elementary school curricula to foster critical thinking and prepare students for future challenges. The study recommends that policymakers and educators focus on providing the necessary training, resources, and support to effectively implement STEM-based learning in primary education. By doing so, we can ensure that students develop the skills needed to succeed in a rapidly evolving world.  

Stunting is a medical condition that significantly affects children's growth and development, resulting in long-term impacts on physical health, cognitive abilities, and productivity in adulthood. The problem often begins during pregnancy and early life, when nutrition and health care play a critical role in determining a child's developmental trajectory. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the prevalence of stunting among toddlers in the operational area of the Dolodou Health Center UPTD and two key maternal and perinatal factors: chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant mothers and low birth weight (LBW). A cross-sectional design was applied using a quantitative research approach. The study population consisted of all mothers with toddlers in the Dolodou Health Center area, and 31 respondents were recruited using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to gather information on maternal nutrition history, pregnancy conditions, and child anthropometric measurements. Chi-square statistical analysis was used to examine the relationships between variables. The results revealed a significant association between stunting and maternal CED status (p = 0.024), indicating that children born to mothers with chronic energy deficiency were at a higher risk of experiencing stunting. Additionally, children with a history of LBW were found to be more likely to suffer from stunting compared to those with normal birth weight. These findings underscore the importance of preventive measures during pregnancy, including nutritional monitoring, dietary supplementation, and health education to prevent both CED and LBW. In conclusion, addressing maternal nutritional health before and during pregnancy, along with continuous monitoring of child growth, is crucial to reducing stunting prevalence. Collaborative efforts between health workers, families, and the community are essential to ensure adequate nutrition and promote healthy development in children.

Indonesia's healthcare system continues to face significant challenges in delivering equitable services across diverse and remote regions. The digital transformation of healthcare—through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and telemedicine—offers promising solutions to overcome disparities in access, infrastructure, and service delivery. This study aims to comprehensively analyze global and national research trends related to the digital transformation of healthcare using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, supported by bibliometric analysis through the VOSviewer software. Following the PRISMA protocol, a total of 30 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified and analyzed. The network and overlay visualizations generated reveal four major thematic clusters: digital transformation and service quality, big data and pandemic response, AI and data privacy, and community engagement in digital health services. Overlay visualization also shows a clear shift in research focus—from early pandemic responses toward system optimization, ethical governance, and technological inclusivity in recent years. The findings highlight that digital healthcare transformation has increasingly evolved from emergency responses to COVID-19 into a strategic framework for long-term system improvement. Moreover, AI and big data have played pivotal roles in enhancing diagnostics, predicting outbreaks, and improving resource allocation. However, concerns related to privacy, digital literacy, and unequal technological access remain prominent. The study concludes that the integration of AI, big data, and telemedicine not only enhances healthcare efficiency but also requires strong regulatory frameworks, infrastructure readiness, and public engagement. Future research should incorporate co-citation and cross-country comparative analyses to enrich the understanding of digital health transformation in a global context, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Indonesia.

Rapid population growth is a major challenge in Indonesia, despite the ongoing implementation of the Family Planning (KB) program. Among the various contraceptive methods introduced, the Intrauterine Device (IUD) has proven to be an effective long-term solution. However, maternal interest in using the IUD remains relatively low, posing a challenge to achieving optimal family planning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing maternal interest in choosing IUDs at Biontong Health Center. The study employed an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 35 respondents were selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that assessed various factors influencing IUD use, including knowledge, gravida status, and previous family planning experience. The results revealed that 57.1% of respondents were not interested in using IUDs, while 42.9% expressed interest. Several significant factors were found to influence maternal interest, particularly the level of knowledge and gravida status. Specifically, respondents with better knowledge about IUDs were more likely to be interested in using them, with 63.6% of those with good knowledge expressing interest, compared to 30.0% with sufficient knowledge and only 35.7% with poor knowledge. Additionally, gravida status also played a significant role, with those who had previous pregnancies showing more interest in IUD use. In conclusion, maternal knowledge and pregnancy experience are key factors influencing interest in IUD use. To increase the adoption of IUDs as a long-term contraceptive option, it is essential to improve education and counseling efforts aimed at increasing public understanding of the benefits and safety of IUDs.

Back pain is a common complaint among pregnant women, particularly during the third trimester, due to physiological changes such as increased body weight, shifting of the body’s center of gravity, and hormonal influences that loosen ligaments, as well as biomechanical changes in posture and gait. If not managed properly, back pain can negatively affect maternal comfort, mobility, and quality of life during pregnancy. One non-pharmacological method that has been shown to alleviate such discomfort is prenatal massage, which aims to reduce muscle tension, improve circulation, and promote relaxation. This study aims to determine the effect of prenatal massage on back pain in third-trimester pregnancy at PHC Bulango. A quantitative approach was applied using a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design. A total of 30 pregnant women in their third trimester participated as respondents, selected based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected through observation and structured interviews using a standardized pain scale to measure back pain intensity before and after the intervention. Prenatal massage was administered following recommended maternal health protocols to ensure safety and comfort. Data analysis was performed using the paired t-test to compare mean pain scores before and after the intervention. The results showed a statistically significant reduction in pain levels, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating that prenatal massage had a meaningful effect in alleviating back pain among participants. The findings support the conclusion that prenatal massage is an effective, safe, and easily applicable non-pharmacological intervention for reducing back pain in third-trimester pregnant women. Based on these results, prenatal massage can be recommended as a complementary practice in antenatal care services to enhance maternal comfort and well-being during pregnancy, alongside other supportive health interventions.

Chronic and degenerative diseases have a profound effect on patients' overall well-being, often accompanied by psychological distress such as anxiety and chronic stress. While pharmacological treatments are commonly used, they may have limitations, including accessibility issues and side effects, which have prompted interest in non-pharmacological interventions. This scoping review aims to systematically map and synthesize the empirical evidence on the physiological and psychological effects of the 4-7-8 breathing technique, a structured slow-breathing method that involves inhaling for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 7 seconds, and exhaling for 8 seconds. The review adhered to PRISMA-ScR guidelines and included 15 studies published between 2013 and 2024. These studies examined diverse populations and employed various methodological approaches. The findings were categorized into five major themes: (1) the 4-7-8 technique's effectiveness in reducing stress and anxiety, (2) improvements in cardiovascular markers such as heart rate variability and blood pressure, (3) its adaptability in both clinical and community-based multimodal interventions, (4) its preventive benefits for healthy individuals, and (5) its impact on parasympathetic activity via vagal pathways, enhancing autonomic regulation and emotional stability. The technique is supported by both theoretical and empirical evidence, positioning it as an accessible, low-cost psychoregulatory intervention. The results suggest that the 4-7-8 breathing technique could play a key role in holistic nursing care, health education, and public health promotion strategies, offering a simple yet effective approach to managing stress, improving mental health, and enhancing cardiovascular health. Future studies could explore long-term benefits and its integration into more diverse health interventions.