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This study aims to analyze the role of local Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in utilizing lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as the main ingredient for mosquito repellent products and its contribution to improving the economy of the community in Timbang Jaya Village. Lemongrass contains essential oils that function as a natural insect repellent, making it a potential raw material for value-added products such as mosquito repellent sprays, aromatherapy candles, and herbal lotions. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through interviews, observations, and literature studies. The findings indicate that local MSMEs play a significant role in the production process, product innovation, and marketing of lemongrass-based products. Besides generating additional income, this development also creates new job opportunities and supports the village’s economic independence. However, several challenges remain, including limited capital, lack of processing technology skills, and competition with chemical-based products. The recommended solutions include capacity building through training and mentoring, better access to funding, and strengthening digital marketing strategies. Therefore, the development of mosquito repellent products from lemongrass by MSMEs not only contributes to the community’s economic growth but also provides an environmentally friendly alternative beneficial for public health.

This community engagement program addresses the limited digital marketing utilization of Be Bloomy Bouquets, a creative knitting business, within the MBKM Entrepreneurship framework. The program aims to design and implement adaptive digital marketing strategies to enhance brand visibility, competitiveness, and business sustainability. Using a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, the program was conducted from October to November 2025 through preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. The results indicate that digital marketing assistance via Instagram and TikTok significantly increased audience reach, customer interaction, and brand awareness, while marketplace utilization still requires further optimization. The discussion highlights that integrating handmade product creativity, digital branding strategies, and participatory reflection fosters entrepreneurial behavior change and strengthens local leadership capacity. In conclusion, the program generates not only technical improvements in marketing performance but also social transformation through enhanced digital literacy, independence, and local leadership. Future recommendations emphasize content consistency, production management, and sustainable digital marketing strategies.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Rengginang MSME registration on Google Maps as a strategy to strengthen the economy in Pahang Village, Babata Village. The background of the research shows that most MSMEs still rely on conventional marketing so that business visibility is relatively low. With a qualitative case study approach, this study explores the experience of the owner of Rengginang Azam MSMEs, Mrs. Siti, who registered her business location on Google Maps. The results of the study show that digitalization through Google Maps has a positive impact in the form of increasing accessibility and reach for customers, especially from outside the village. Location registration allows customers to find more complete information about products and locations, increasing the number of visits to the store. The real impact felt is an increase in sales and profits without additional promotional costs. This study concludes that the use of Google Maps as a digital promotional medium is an effective strategy in strengthening the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era. In addition, this finding confirms the importance of digital literacy for MSME actors to utilize technology as a means of business development and strengthening the local economy.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in supporting the Indonesian economy, especially in rural areas where they contribute significantly to employment and local income. Sait Buttu Saribu Village in Simalungun Regency possesses considerable potential in the agricultural, tourism, and culinary sectors, which can be developed through strong MSME activities. Nevertheless, many local MSMEs continue to experience challenges related to limited promotion, weak branding, and restricted market access. This study aims to analyze visit-based and promotional strategies for MSMEs as an effort to strengthen the village economy and enhance business competitiveness. The research methods consist of a literature review of relevant previous studies and field observations conducted through community service activities in the village. The findings indicate that industrial visits, digital promotion via social media platforms, the utilization of Google Maps for location visibility, and branding that highlights local wisdom are effective strategies for expanding market reach and increasing MSME competitiveness. Through strong synergy among the village government, MSME actors, and the local community, MSMEs in Sait Buttu Saribu Village can grow more optimally and contribute to sustainable economic development and tourism.

The development of rural economies based on locally superior commodities is an integral part of inclusive and sustainable development strategies. Sumberdem located in Wonosari Subdistrict, Malang Regency, possesses significant potential for the development of coffee-based ecotourism. However, this potential remains largely underutilized due to several structural and institutional constraints. Key challenges include inadequate supporting infrastructure, limited capacity of local human resources, and the absence of downstream processing for coffee products. This community engagement program implemented an adaptive approach known as the Lumintu model, rooted in the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) framework. Field assessments revealed critical limitations such as poor road access to plantation areas, insufficient agricultural irrigation, and weak digital connectivity. Moreover, the capacity of village institutions—such as the Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDesa) and coffee farmer groups—remained low, resulting in local coffee products with limited added value. The initial implementation of the program has shown promising results, particularly in strengthening institutional capacity through training on tourism business management and high–value coffee processing. Furthermore, product diversification through the development of coffee-based agrotourism and digital marketing innovations has been successfully introduced. Overall, this community engagement initiative has provided a concrete solution to rural development challenges in Sumberdem Village. Moving forward, the village is expected to strengthen its position as a sustainable coffee ecotourism destination and improve the long-term economic well-being of its residents. The proposed development model also holds the potential for adaptation and replication in other rural areas with similar characteristics, thereby supporting the broader achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The digitalization of the creative economy has opened up significant opportunities for the community to create innovative products that have high sales value and are environmentally friendly. One interesting innovation is the use of used cooking oil as a raw material for making aromatherapy candles. Used cooking oil, which is usually discarded and pollutes the environment, can be reprocessed into products with economic value, thus supporting the principles of a circular economy. This study aims to examine the potential of processing used cooking oil into aromatherapy candles, analyze digital-based marketing strategies to increase product competitiveness in the market, and examine the meaning of transforming waste into innovative products from the perspective of Immanuel Kant's philosophy of reality. The research methods used were literature studies and field observations of used cooking oil processing practices by the community. The results show that used cooking oil-based aromatherapy candles have good business prospects, especially when combined with digital promotion through social media and marketplaces. Digitalization helps expand marketing reach, create brand identity, and attract consumers who care about environmental sustainability. From the perspective of Immanuel Kant's philosophy of reality, the transformation of used cooking oil into aromatherapy candles can be understood as a phenomenon, namely a reality that is visible in the practice of the digital creative economy. Meanwhile, the values ​​of sustainability, ethical awareness, and social meaning contained therein reflect noumena, namely the deepest reality that is not directly visible but provides direction and meaning for human actions.

Population growth and lifestyle changes in Indonesia have led to complex waste management issues, negatively impacting social, health, and environmental sustainability aspects. To address this, a sustainable management approach that actively involves community participation is necessary. The concept of a Waste Bank, based on the 3R principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), emerges as a strategic, community-based solution. This community service program aims to encourage active community participation in the Waste Bank program in Tanjung Uban Selatan, Bintan Regency, while supporting the realization of a Smart City based on intelligent and participatory environments. The methodology used is a qualitative approach to gain in-depth understanding. Primary data collection was carried out through interviews, participatory observations, and documentation studies. Key informants were purposively selected from various stakeholders, including Waste Bank administrators, local government representatives, and community members. The results show that, although initially challenging to increase community participation, the program has had a significant positive impact. It successfully shifted the community's view of waste as a valuable economic resource. Quantitatively, this is reflected in stable income from the sale of high-quality inorganic waste, such as metals and electronic waste. The program also led to strategic innovations, including sustainable education, waste savings incentives, social media use, and the "Dasi Umat" empowerment program. The success of this program, strengthened by awards at the district and national levels, makes it a model for sustainable waste management focused on community empowerment and supporting smart city development.

Prayer (shalat) is the central act of worship in Islam and holds a fundamental role in nurturing the spiritual life of Muslims. However, in practice, challenges often arise within society, particularly regarding the accuracy of recitations, movements, and the cohesiveness of congregational prayer. Thus, the urgency of understanding correct fiqh shalat remains crucial to ensure the quality of worship and strengthen ukhuwah islamiyah (Islamic brotherhood). In response to this need, students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, through the National Community Service Program (KKN) in Surabaya, organized a community engagement activity under the theme of Kemuhammadiyahan, namely a congregational prayer competition involving members of ‘Aisyiyah. The aim of this activity was to internalize Muhammadiyah values, enhance the understanding of fiqh shalat according to Islamic teachings, and foster a spirit of togetherness through an educational and participatory approach. The competition was assessed based on prayer movements, recitations, and group cohesiveness. The results revealed active participation and high enthusiasm from the participants, who not only competed but also learned to improve the quality of their worship. This activity successfully created a positive religious atmosphere, strengthened bonds among community members, and affirmed the role of KKN as a medium of community service that integrates religious education, Islamic propagation (dakwah), and spiritual development rooted in progressive Islamic values.

Bullying is one of the issues that frequently occurs in elementary school environments and has serious impacts on children’s psychological, social, and academic development. Efforts to prevent and address bullying are essential through education involving students, teachers, and the surrounding community. This study aims to describe the role of Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata, KKN) students in providing anti-bullying education at UPT SDN 033915 Pasi. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were obtained through observation, simple interviews, and documentation of the anti-bullying seminar activities conducted by KKN students at the school. The results indicate that KKN students act as educators by explaining the definition, forms, and impacts of bullying; as facilitators by creating interactive discussion spaces with students; and as motivators encouraging students to respect one another and reject bullying behavior. Educational strategies were implemented through lectures, discussions, Q&A sessions, and the use of simple visual media. Students’ responses were very positive, demonstrated by their enthusiasm during activities and increased understanding of the dangers of bullying. The study concludes that KKN students play an important role in preventing bullying in elementary schools, while also serving as a tangible contribution of students as agents of social change.

The spirituality of today’s church youth encounters multidimensional challenges, particularly the pervasive influence of digital culture, the gradual decline in interest toward spiritual disciplines, and the weakening of involvement in ecclesial ministry. Such dynamics often create a gap between theological knowledge and lived faith experiences. This Community Service (PkM) initiative was designed to respond to these issues by implementing an interactive model aimed at enhancing the spiritual understanding of the youth at GKSI Trimorejo Congregation. The model emphasizes participatory learning processes, in which youth are not merely passive recipients of teaching but active contributors to collective faith formation. The methodological framework consisted of three main stages: initial observation to identify needs and spiritual conditions; preparation of training modules contextualized with the congregation’s realities; and the implementation of interactive activities such as group discussions, thematic Bible studies, role-play, and collective reflection. Evaluation strategies integrated both quantitative and qualitative approaches, including pre-tests and post-tests to measure cognitive growth, alongside participatory interviews to capture experiential insights. The findings reveal a notable increase in youth comprehension of biblical principles, heightened enthusiasm and participation in church programs, and the establishment of a more cohesive spiritual learning community. Furthermore, the process encouraged a deeper sense of belonging and responsibility among the participants toward their ecclesial environment. In conclusion, the interactive model demonstrates significant effectiveness in fostering youth spirituality and may serve as a viable alternative strategy for churches encountering similar challenges within contemporary contexts of ministry.

Extreme poverty remains a major challenge in rural areas of Indonesia, including Nagori Bandar Manik, Pamatang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency. The 2025 UINSU Community Service Program (KKN) was carried out to empower local communities through various activities covering economic, educational, religious, social-environmental, and health aspects. This program employed a qualitative approach by involving active community participation in needs assessment, socialization, training, and evaluation. In the economic aspect, workshops on dishwashing liquid and herbal pesticide production were implemented as alternative household businesses. The educational sector included religious moderation through a short movie screening Mabbere, anti-bullying campaigns, ecoprint totebag training, and teaching at kindergarten, elementary, and junior high school levels. In the religious field, activities included Qur’an learning after Maghrib with children and Yasin recitals for both men and women. The social-environmental aspect was realized through community clean-up, educational boards on waste decomposition, distribution of garbage bins, and environmental awareness campaigns. Meanwhile, the health aspect focused on education about clean and healthy living behaviors, stunting prevention campaigns, and community exercise. The findings revealed improvements in entrepreneurial skills, children’s literacy, spiritual values, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. The implication highlights that multidimensional community empowerment can serve as an effective strategy to reduce extreme poverty and promote sustainable village development.  

The socialisation of information about the Halal Product Guarantee System aims to open the insights and knowledge of MSME players regarding the benefits and importance of halal certification on products. The method used by the service team is through structured socialisation activities regarding the system. The results of this activity show that the entire series of socialisation went smoothly, and received a positive response from MSME players. They feel motivated and encouraged to immediately take part in further activities, including halal companion training which is one of the main requirements in the process of applying for product halal certification

Community service activities are one form of implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education which aims to have a direct impact on improving the quality of life of the community. AMNI Maritime University conducted community service activities in Bajumulyo Village, Juwana District, Pati Regency, as a form of support for the coastal community economic empowerment program launched by the Pati Regency Government. This activity involved lecturers, students/cadets, and the local community in an active and collaborative manner. The enthusiasm of the Bajumulyo Village community in participating in various series of activities demonstrated the need and awareness of the importance of technological adaptation, especially in terms of digitalizing the marketing of fish catches. The main objective of this activity was to increase the income of fishing groups through the use of digital media as a means of promotion and distribution of marine products. The method of implementation of the activity was carried out through a participatory approach in the form of direct training and coaching, field observations, interviews with local fishermen, and literature studies to strengthen the conceptual framework and practices in the field. Training materials included digital marketing strategies, the use of e-commerce platforms, social media, and attractive fishery product packaging techniques. Indicators of the success of this program were an increase in fishermen's ability to use digital technology to market their products and an increase in the income of fishing families after participating in the program. Observations indicate that this training has had a positive impact on community understanding of the importance of digitalization in marketing fish catches.

In the evolving dynamics of Indonesia's economy, unsecured loans or Kredit Tanpa Agunan (KTA) have rapidly grown as a popular financial solution. The ease of application and fund disbursement makes these products especially attractive to micro-entrepreneurs and lower-middle-income communities. However, behind the convenience lies a serious issue: a high rate of default or breach of contract (wanprestasi). This problem is exacerbated by the low level of legal literacy among the public, leading to a lack of understanding of their rights and obligations in financing agreements. Most individuals are also unaware that there is a faster, simpler, and low-cost legal mechanism available for resolving civil disputes—namely, the Small Claims Court procedure, as regulated by the Supreme Court Regulation (Perma) No. 4 of 2019. This mechanism can be utilized by the general public, especially clients of microfinance institutions and credit cooperatives, to resolve civil conflicts involving claims of up to IDR 500 million without going through complex litigation. To address this issue, this community engagement activity aimed to improve public legal understanding of the Small Claims Procedure through participatory-based training. The training involved 50 participants from microfinance institutions and savings and loan cooperatives. The methods used included legal counseling, mock court simulations, group discussions, and case studies to provide participants with practical knowledge of the procedures and benefits of filing small claims. The results of the activity indicated that 78% of participants reported a better understanding of the Small Claims mechanism after the training, and 65% stated they were more inclined to use it compared to conventional litigation routes. This training had a positive impact on raising legal awareness, potentially reducing default rates, and contributing to the development of a more inclusive, fair, and sustainable financial system.

The objective of this journal article is to present the findings of a dissemination activity concerning effective methods for studying legal science within faculties of law. This initiative responds to the persistent issue of the low quality of law graduates from institutions of higher education in Indonesia. The dissemination of effective learning methods in legal studies reveals that the improvement of campus facilities, paricularly classroom, libraries, and the overall safety of the academic environment must be prioritized alongside the enchancement of teaching staff quality. Such enhacement may be pursued by increasing lecturer’s income, thereby allowing them to concentate solely on reserch and teaching without the burden of administrative duties. Improved lecturer quality is expected to contribute significantly to academic quality of law graduates. This is due to the fundamental principle that effective legal education requires extensive reading, which is facilitated through library devolepment, as well as the frequent practice of procedural law, which necessitates the availibility of a legal laboratory in the form of a moot coourt facility.

Keude Pante Breuh, a village in Baktiya District, North Aceh Regency, shows great potential for development amidst the social, economic, and infrastructure challenges it faces. This study aims to identify the priorities, needs, and requirements of the village community in terms of education, health, economy, infrastructure, and social life. With an average income of 4–5 million rupiah per month and an unemployment rate of 30%, the village community prioritizes increasing job opportunities, improving infrastructure, and improving the quality of education and health. Although access to clean water, sanitation, and electricity is adequate, improving roads and public transportation remains an urgent need. This study provides a comprehensive picture of the village's condition and recommendations for further development. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection through field observations, in-depth interviews with community leaders, and documentation studies. Observations were conducted to directly observe the physical condition of the village and the facilities available, while interviews were conducted to explore the community's views on their priorities and needs. Documentation studies were used to analyze secondary data, such as village reports and related government documents

This research is motivated by the problem of the lack of community participation in developing marine ritual traditions, as well as the limited sources that prove the importance of the annual marine ritual. This type of research is historical research with a qualitative approach and descriptive narrative method. This research includes heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and writing stages. Data sources used include journals discussing marine ritual traditions in Pelanduk Village, Mandah District, as well as annual observations before the month of Muharram, in-depth interviews with people in charge of marine rituals, and literature studies. The marine ritual tradition in Pelanduk Village is a cultural heritage passed down from generation to generation by coastal communities in Mandah District, Riau Province. This ritual is carried out as an expression of gratitude to God Almighty and respect for the sea as a source of life. This study aims to explore the history, implementation process, meaning, and role of marine ritual traditions in the lives of local communities. The results show that marine rituals contain strong spiritual, social, and ecological values. This ritual involves various cultural symbols, such as offerings, collective prayers, and traditional ceremonies that reflect the harmonious relationship between humans and nature. This study concludes that sea rituals are a cultural heritage that strengthens the identity of coastal communities.

Community development programs are very important in reducing poverty and enhancing societal prosperity by improving quality of life, fostering economic empowerment, and promoting inclusivity. However, not all the programs have success as expected. This study examines ten evaluation studies of community development programs across various areas and tries to find common weaknesses. A qualitative analysis of evaluation studies identifies shortcomings in three domains i.e. program design and management, stakeholder engagement and participation, and external resource constraints. It is argued that these shortcomings are largely predictable and highlight the need for proactive strategies. The paper suggests that embedding risk management into the conception and implementation of community development programs can mitigate these challenges. A simplified framework adapted from project management practices is proposed, encompassing risk identification, measurement, assessment, evaluation, and control. By systematically integrating risk management, community programs can anticipate obstacles, strengthen accountability, and enhance their likelihood of success. Recommendations include applying risk management throughout program cycles and conducting post-implementation evaluations to inform future initiatives.

This study examines the application of Quality Engineering methods to Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through a community service program. Using a qualitative approach based on literature studies conducted via a webinar at Universitas Sehati Indonesia (USINDO), the research explores how systematic quality improvement strategies can be introduced and adapted for MSMEs to enhance product quality and competitiveness, this study analyzed scientific publications, community service reports, and quality improvement program documentation from 2019-2024. The findings demonstrate that Quality Engineering principles-including Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Seven Basic Tools of Quality, and Statistical Process Control (SPC)-significantly enhance product quality when adapted to SMEs' specific contexts. Case studies reveal improvements ranging from 29.5% to 97.92% across various aspects including customer satisfaction, food safety, and production efficiency. The research identifies key challenges in implementation, including technical knowledge limitations, resource constraints, and difficulties in maintaining long-term changes. The successful integration of Quality Engineering methods depends on active participation from SME stakeholders, approaches tailored to local contexts, and continuous post-program mentoring. This study contributes to developing an integrative framework that combines Quality Engineering principles with practical SME needs, supporting sustainable quality culture development in the SME sector.

This literature study examines the application of sustainable production systems in community empowerment, particularly focusing on industrial engineering implementation in local communities. Using a qualitative approach through document analysis, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews, the research identifies three critical findings. First, community-based production system models that integrate contextual analysis, participatory design, and continuous monitoring significantly improve productivity and income of local communities, as demonstrated in the weaving community in Sleman, Indonesia. Second, production engineering interventions that combine technological innovation and social empowerment generate sustainable economic impacts, including 11-13% increase in global agricultural commodity production and 43% reduction in worker idle time in the manufacturing sector. Third, an adaptive conceptual framework connecting local wisdom with digital technology strengthens community resilience, as seen in green construction practices based on local materials that reduce costs by up to 20% while improving quality of life. The study strengthens socio-technical systems theory by demonstrating that the success of sustainable production systems depends on synergies between technical, social, and institutional aspects.