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Public legal awareness is an important element in realizing an orderly, just, and law-based social life, as it enables citizens to understand and properly carry out their rights and obligations. In Mekarjaya Village, Gantar District, Indramayu Regency, a low level of public understanding of the hierarchy of laws and regulations is still evident, which has the potential to cause errors in the application of law within families and communities. This condition indicates the need for systematic, contextual, and easily understood legal socialization. This Community Service Program aims to improve the understanding of members of the Paguyuban Istri Peduli regarding the hierarchy of laws and regulations, while strengthening their role as agents for disseminating legal information within the surrounding community. The method employed is descriptive qualitative with a participatory approach through the delivery of materials, interactive discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and joint reflection. Data were collected through direct observation, oral question-and-answer sessions, and participant feedback forms. The results show an increase in participants’ understanding, high levels of participation in discussions, and the ability to relate legal concepts to real conditions. These findings confirm that participatory-based legal socialization is effective in enhancing public legal awareness and encouraging active community involvement at the local level.

Parental mental health plays a critical role in fostering healthy parenting practices, particularly during early childhood. Nevertheless, many parents, including homemakers and working mothers, continue to demonstrate limited awareness of the importance of maintaining psychological well-being in the parenting process. This community service initiative aimed to enhance parents’ mental health literacy and raise awareness of its implications for parenting practices. The program employed a mental health education and outreach approach, incorporating structured presentations, interactive discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and the provision of practical coping strategies applicable to daily life. The activity was implemented among parents of kindergarten pupils. The findings indicated a notable improvement in participants’ understanding of parental mental health, increased awareness of stress management in parenting contexts, and an enhanced capacity to apply simple strategies to maintain emotional regulation. Moreover, participants demonstrated active engagement and positive responses throughout the programme. This initiative contributes to strengthening parental mental health awareness as a preventive measure to support healthier and more adaptive parenting practices within the family setting.

The increasing proportion of the elderly population in Indonesia has led to a rise in degenerative health problems, one of which is osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by decreased bone density, increasing the risk of fractures, particularly among elderly women. Low calcium intake, lack of physical activity, and limited knowledge regarding osteoporosis prevention are major contributing factors. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge of Aisyiyah women in Cirebon Regency regarding osteoporosis in the elderly, including its definition, risk factors, impacts, and prevention strategies through proper nutrition and regular physical activity. The activity was conducted from October to December at the Aisyiyah Study Hall in Cirebon Regency, targeting pre-elderly and elderly women. The methods used included health education through lectures and interactive question-and-answer sessions, supported by laptops, LCD projectors, and PowerPoint presentations. Evaluation of participants’ knowledge was carried out using oral pre-tests and post-tests related to the delivered material. The results indicated an improvement in participants’ understanding of osteoporosis, the importance of adequate calcium intake, and the role of physical activity in maintaining bone health. This community service program is expected to contribute to increasing health awareness and reducing the risk and prevalence of osteoporosis among the elderly.

This parenting seminar was designed to increase parents' capacity to understand and implement integrative holistic parenting, encompassing education, health, nutrition, and psychosocial aspects of children. An integrative holistic approach is considered important because child growth and development are influenced not only by formal education but also by health conditions, adequate nutrition, and emotional and social support from the family environment. This activity aims to provide comprehensive education to parents so they can carry out their parenting role optimally and sustainably. The activity was implemented using an interactive seminar method involving the delivery of material by competent speakers in the fields of childcare, education, and health, accompanied by discussions and a question-and-answer session that encouraged active participant participation. The material presented focused on understanding the concept of integrative holistic parenting, strategies for implementing positive parenting patterns, and the role of parents in supporting children's physical, emotional, social, and cognitive development. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in parents' knowledge, understanding, and attitudes regarding the importance of comprehensive and integrated parenting. Parents became more aware of their role as key figures in shaping character and optimizing children's potential from an early age. This seminar made a real contribution in equipping parents to be able to create a healthy, safe, and supportive parenting environment. This activity is expected to become a model for developing parental capacity in a sustainable manner with an integrative holistic approach as the key to successful child growth and development.

Pakpak Bharat Gambir Tea MSMEs are products extracted from the young leaves of the Gambir plant. Not many people know about Gambir tea and its benefits or functions. Gambir tea products can only be found in online marketplaces, such as Tokopedia, Shopee, Lazada, Mbizmarket.co.id, and Indotrading, where Gambir tea producers are registered with the Pakpak Bharat Regency. One local exporter, Agro Lestari, sells "Gambier Leaf Tea" packaged in boxes with aluminum foil with 25 sachets. Offline sales in Pakpak Bharat Regency are still lacking, both in traditional markets, modern markets such as Indomaret, shops or stalls. Pakpak Bharat Gambir Tea, especially Gambir Sondel leaf tea, has been marketed to several regions in Indonesia, through wholesalers, trading partners and online resellers and social media such as TikTok, Facebook and Instagram, but the content does not provide an explanation of what Gambir tea is, its benefits or functions. The problem is:(1)What types of marketing strategies are effective? (2)How to design online and offline marketing? Objectives:(1)Help the process of understanding effective marketing strategies. (2)Help how to design online and offline marketing. The implementation of the lecture method is accompanied by questions and answers, demonstrations and practice. Gambir Pakpak Bharat tea UMKM carries out effective marketing strategies through market segmentation, targeted markets and fulfilled according to needs. The distribution system is through direct sales at outlets, delivery applications integrated with third-party applications such as GoFood or GrabFood, and online marketplaces as well as marketing communications using social media. and collaborating with local influencers

The 2025 UINSU Community Service Program research in Sempajaya Village was carried out through training in making ecoprint tote bags as an effort to develop creativity while strengthening the economic literacy of elementary school children. This activity utilized natural materials such as leaves and flowers commonly found in the village environment, so that children could learn to recognize the potential of their natural surroundings as a source of creative works with practical and economic value. The training was conducted in three main stages: preparation, implementation, and reflection. During the implementation stage, children were introduced to the concept of ecoprinting, pounding techniques, and the steps involved in making ecoprinted tote bags through lectures, question and answer sessions, and hands-on practice. The results of the activity showed an increase in the participants' creativity, as evident in their ability to arrange motifs, select natural materials, and produce tote bags with attractive patterns. In addition, this activity also fostered a basic understanding of the economic value of creative products, thereby supporting the formation of independence and an entrepreneurial spirit from an early age. The reflection stage showed that the children were able to identify the process, benefits, and challenges they faced. Thus, ecoprint tote bags proved to be an effective educational tool in integrating creativity, economic literacy, and love for the environment for the children of Sempajaya Village.

The general problem faced by cooperatives is the low quality of Human Resources (SDM) managerial in managing the entities owned by these members. So the specific objective of this community service is directed at constructing the management's understanding of entrepreneurial-based cooperative management which is derived to answer 3 (three) specific problems, namely: (1) what is meant by cooperative entrepreneurship towards prosperous members?; (2) why is cooperative entrepreneurship important for student cooperative managers towards prosperous members? and (3) how to internalize cooperative entrepreneurship in student cooperative managers towards prosperous members? The method used is Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with participants being the management of the Student Cooperative (Kopma) al-Kautsar UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung. The results of the service show that Kopma members have the same insight in perceiving cooperative entrepreneurship, namely the entrepreneurial spirit of members. Entrepreneurial spirit is a member modality shown by the creativity and independence of members. Meanwhile, the strategy to internalize cooperative entrepreneurship is by translating cooperative values ​​reflected in a responsible attitude implemented in the form of an Annual Members Meeting (RAT).

This community service program aimed to enhance students’ pharmaceutical literacy through the introduction of drug classification logos at SMP Muhammadiyah 04 Pangkatrejo. The background of this activity was the low level of drug-use literacy among adolescents, often leading to irrational self-medication. The activity employed a quantitative descriptive design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. Educational interventions included interactive counseling, PowerPoint presentations, visual media using logo sticks, and pretest–posttest evaluation. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ knowledge (p = 0.000), with mean scores increasing from 58% to 81% after the intervention. The highest gain was observed in the recognition of logo colors and drug classifications. Satisfaction analysis revealed that 96% of participants expressed satisfaction with the learning process, especially regarding material clarity and the presenters’ readiness to answer questions. The study concludes that participatory educational methods and visual media effectively improve rational drug-use awareness among junior high school students. Future programs are recommended to expand similar activities to other schools and integrate digital media for sustained impact on public health literacy.

Counseling on Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) in schools is an important step in instilling the habit of maintaining personal hygiene from an early age. This Real Work Lecture program is carried out with the aim of increasing students' understanding and awareness of the importance of PHBS, especially through the habit of washing hands with soap and brushing their teeth in the right way. The activity took place at the Sait Buttu Saribu Village Development Private Junior High School, Pamatang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency, using counseling, demonstration, and direct practice methods. This program involved six students, two acted as presenters and four others as companions, as well as all grade IX students as participants. In addition to providing materials and practices, this activity also encourages active participation of students through question and answer sessions and discussions on the importance of maintaining personal health and the surrounding environment. With direct involvement, students not only understand theory, but are also able to apply clean and healthy behaviors in daily life. The results of the activity showed that students were able to re-practice the material given, including the stages of washing hands and brushing their teeth correctly. It is hoped that through this activity, students can implement PHBS in a sustainable manner at school and at home, as well as become an example in encouraging a healthy living culture in the surrounding environment. This program is also expected to make a positive contribution to improving the quality of public health in general through healthy living habits from school age.

The purpose of this education is to increase public awareness, especially among teenagers, of the impacts of early marriage through educational seminars and Service-Learning-based outreach in Naga Kesiangan Village. Early marriage remains a critical issue in Indonesia, often associated with health risks, psychological stress, and limited educational and social opportunities for young people. The Service-Learning approach was chosen because it not only provides knowledge transfer but also actively engages participants in reflection and discussion, ensuring that the learning process is more contextual and sustainable. The method used was Service-Learning, involving 30 teenagers aged 15–19 years, 15 parents, and 5 community leaders who were purposively selected for their direct relevance to the issue. Activities included seminars, small group discussions, interactive question-and-answer sessions, and collective reflection. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in participants’ understanding, from 42% (pre-test) to 81% (post-test). Participants gained a deeper understanding of the health, psychological, social, and educational risks of early marriage and were encouraged to delay marriage by choosing positive alternatives through education and skill development. This program also strengthened the role of families and community leaders as preventive agents by fostering collective awareness and support. Thus, educational seminars integrated with Service-Learning prove to be effective and replicable strategies to prevent early marriage practices, while also empowering communities to build healthier, more resilient generations.

Panoramic radiography is an imaging technique that plays a crucial role in dental practice, particularly in supporting the diagnosis and treatment planning process. Image quality that does not meet diagnostic standards can lead to the need for repeat imaging. The high rate of repeat panoramic imaging at the Radiology Unit of Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Air Force Base Hospital (RSPAU) is an indicator of the need for further study of the causal factors. The purpose of this study was to identify the causes of repeat panoramic radiography examinations, calculate the percentage contribution of each factor, assess radiographers' understanding of optimal image quality criteria, and explore appropriate strategies to reduce the frequency of repeat examinations. This study used a mixed methods approach with quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation during August–October 2024 at the Radiology Unit of Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Air Force Base Hospital. The sample included 15 radiographers for the questionnaire and 3 radiographers for the interviews. An analysis of 916 panoramic radiography examinations revealed 57 repeat cases, with a rate of 6.2%. The primary factors causing repeats were machine error (57.8%), followed by positioning errors (24.5%), artifacts (10.5%), human error (5.3%), and patient movement (1.8%). Radiographers' understanding of the criteria for good panoramic images was high, with 66.7% answering all questions correctly. The primary effort implemented to reduce repeat rates is the implementation of routine quality control of equipment. The high repeat rate, exceeding national tolerance limits, indicates the need for technical and procedural improvements. Routine quality control and material refresher courses are needed to reduce repeat rates and improve patient safety.  

Successful development encompasses various aspects of community life and cannot be separated from progress in the health sector. Health is one of the key indicators in determining the quality of life of a population. Therefore, attention to health—especially for vulnerable groups such as the elderly—is of great importance. Regular health check-ups serve as a preventive measure to help the community detect illnesses early and encourage individuals to take an active role in maintaining their own health. Several types of examinations are commonly provided free of charge during community service activities, including blood pressure checks, random blood glucose tests, uric acid level tests, and cholesterol level screenings. These health checks are especially beneficial for the elderly, as they help monitor overall health conditions and enable early management of diseases to prevent further complications. In this activity, a total of 40 elderly individuals voluntarily participated in the health screening. The methods used included health education sessions and direct examinations of blood pressure, uric acid levels, and random blood glucose levels. The counseling was delivered using simple and clear language, and it included a question-and-answer session to help participants better understand the information provided. The results of the examinations showed that some of the elderly participants had high blood pressure and elevated blood glucose levels, which led to recommendations for follow-up visits to nearby healthcare facilities. Through this health screening initiative, the overall health quality of the elderly participants improved, and their awareness of the importance of early detection increased. This activity is expected to motivate the broader community to pay more attention to their health and to undergo regular health check-ups. By taking a proactive role in managing their well-being, individuals can reduce the risk of serious complications in the future and contribute to the creation of a healthier society overall.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem resulting from a lack of nutritional intake over a long period, resulting in impaired growth in children. The cause of stunting is not only due to nutritional factors, namely not just a lack of food and health problems, but also due to parenting patterns. Good maternal knowledge of nutrition can prevent stunting in children. Community service activities were carried out in Bidok village, Ulim District, there were around 25 participants. This counseling lasted approximately 40 minutes, namely a presentation of the material and continued with a question and answer session with the counseling participants regarding Stunting. It is recommended to the public, especially mothers, to maintain nutritional intake during pregnancy, at birth and when children are before 2 years old to prevent stunting.

Pregnancy is the intrauterine growth and development of the fetus starting from conception and ending until the start of labor. Mothers' low knowledge about balanced nutrition during pregnancy, infants and toddlers causes incorrect feeding and affects nutritional status. This activity aims to increase mothers' knowledge about balanced nutrition for pregnant women, babies and toddlers and increase mothers' motivation. Achieving this goal is carried out through examining the nutritional status of pregnant women and providing nutritional education using lecture and question and answer methods. The implementation of this activity is planned in 3 stages, namely: preparation stage, implementation and evaluation stage. After counseling and inspection activities, monitoring or evaluation is carried out. After this service activity is carried out, it is hoped that mothers will have strong motivation to fulfill nutritional requirements for toddlers and improve mothers' attitudes and actions in providing balanced nutrition to toddlers. This activity can make a positive contribution in reducing nutritional problems in the Mangarobombang Community Health Center Working Area, Takalar Regency. After this service activity is carried out, it is hoped that mothers will have strong motivation to fulfill the nutrition of pregnant women and improve their attitudes and actions in consuming healthy and nutritionally balanced food. This activity can make a positive contribution in reducing nutritional problems.

So far the education system in Indonesia has not optimally implemented: classroom learning so it does not accommodate the needs of each student. It is proven that remedial learning is still in demand to increase skills outside of class hours. This condition is a serious enough problem that parents are looking for options to increase their children's abilities through tutoring. Schools in all educational units should be able to apply the concept of differential learning, namely learning that prioritizes the learning needs of age to face challenges. However, this does not mean that differentiation learning provides different treatment. In fact, every child is unique, has different styles, interests and abilities. The results of  the counseling at Kumon prove the speed of students in answering 100 questions in 5 minutes. On average, students complete their assignments. Then the child learns to the next level. If they cannot reach the time limit, students will be motivated to repeat it until they meet the minimum time limit. The mind mapping and Kumon methods have similarities

Raba Ege Village is one of the villages located in the sub-district of West Wewa, Southwest Sumba Regency. This is where the community service activities are held. Based on the results of observations and surveys conducted, it turns out that children in Raba Ege village still lack understanding and knowledge in Indonesian. As a result of this problem, children in Raba Ege village are very embarrassed when they meet people from outside Sumba (migrants). As a form of responsibility and concern, this community service is present as an answer to these needs. The goal is that children in raba ege village can become individuals who are responsible for themselves and help children in raba ege village to be able to communicate using Indonesian. The implementation of this community service uses the method of translators, sign language, surveys, discussions, and is supported by literature studies. The results obtained from this effort are that children in Raba Ege village can communicate (speak) using good and correct Indonesian.

Utilization of financial technology as an effort to improve the quality of MSME financial reporting. Current developments in financial technology really help business actors in preparing financial reports per period. This convenience is expected to help business actors in presenting better financial reports. The general objective of this activity is to support MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) business actors to improve their ability to record transactions and be able to present financial reports easily so as to produce sustainable financial reports. The method is carried out by making direct visits, conducting observations, conducting questions and answers and providing demonstrations and briefings. The results of this activity provide MSME players with an understanding of how important it is to record financial reports every month. The advantage of making financial reports is that it will make it easier for the owner to control and evaluate his business. Financial technology is an alternative that business actors can use to make it easier to create and present financial reports on an ongoing basis.

Sustainable national development requires support from quality, creative, and independent human resources (HR). In facing the challenges of global competition and rapid technological change, strengthening HR competencies since school age is very important. This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to improve understanding and build entrepreneurial character among high school students through basic creative entrepreneurship training. This PKM is carried out by lecturers from the Faculty of Economics, Business and Humanities (FEBHum) of Karangturi National University (UNKARTUR), especially from the Management Study Program, as a form of implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. The activity took place offline at SMA Sedes Sapientiae Semarang on Monday, May 8, 2023, at 09.00–12.00 WIB and was attended by students as participants. This activity presented three speakers who presented material on strengthening HR competencies, the basics of creative entrepreneurship, and financial literacy. The methods used include interactive lectures, group discussions, and question and answer sessions, supported by Microsoft PowerPoint-based presentation media. The results of the activity show an increase in students' understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship, as well as growing interest and motivation to become independent and innovative young entrepreneurs. This activity provides benefits not only for students, but also for schools and universities, in strengthening collaboration in forming superior human resources since secondary education level.

One of the significant issues faced by developing countries, including Indonesia, is the problem of rapid population growth. To overcome this problem, the Indonesian government has implemented the Family Planning (KB) Program. The family planning program provides an opportunity for residents to regulate the distance between child births or reduce the number of births by using various contraceptive methods, both hormonal and non-hormonal. The aim of this Community Service Activity is to improve maternal and child health services, with the hope of controlling the rate of population growth. This activity was carried out by providing information about family planning and free family planning services to 20 WUS who were family planning acceptors in Malakaji District, Gowa Regency. After free family planning services, there was a question and answer session about family planning and evaluation monitoring was carried out. The results of this activity showed that the family planning participants were able to answer questions well and some of them were willing to use IUD or implant family planning. From the results of this activity, it can be seen that knowledge about family planning increased after the outreach was carried out. Before the counseling was carried out, the majority of knowledge was lacking, 12 mothers or 80%. Meanwhile, the mother's knowledge before being given counseling was lowest at Good knowledge, namely 1 person or 6.67%. Mothers' knowledge after counseling was highest in good knowledge, namely 14 people or 93.33%, so it can be concluded that Community Service activities, in the form of counseling about family planning, had a positive impact on WUS in the area and succeeded in increasing family planning knowledge

Learning guidance assistance for students is one of the ways used to improve student learning outcomes. There are two factors that influence student learning outcomes, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal factors are factors from within the student such as the student's willingness to learn, while external factors are factors from outside the student's self such as the learning atmosphere. The purpose of carrying out tutoring assistance by STKIP Modern Ngawi students for students is that it is expected to be able to increase student motivation in learning so that student abilities increase with a maximum and enjoyable learning process. Learning guidance assistance is carried out in four stages, namely: (1) Providing practice questions to determine students' basic abilities, (2) Providing motivation to learn to students, (3) Providing material explanations to students, (4) Question and answer to find out students' abilities after the learning assistance activities have been completed. The results of the tutoring assistance had a positive impact which was marked by high student enthusiasm and increased learning outcomes.