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This study explores the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model combined with the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach through the utilization of various forms of digital content to optimally enhance students’ learning outcomes. The research employs a descriptive qualitative design aimed at gaining an in-depth understanding of the learning process being implemented. The primary data were obtained from an analysis of the Grade VIII Indonesian language teaching module, while supporting data were collected through interviews with students of the Teacher Professional Education (PPG) program involved in the learning process. The findings indicate that the design and implementation of learning activities followed the stages of PBL systematically, thereby encouraging collaboration, active discussion, and problem-solving activities in the classroom. CRT principles were clearly reflected in the selection of learning materials related to students’ cultural backgrounds, such as speech texts representing Banjar and Javanese cultures. The integration of digital media, including Google Sites, instructional videos, and interactive quizzes, was proven to increase students’ engagement, motivation, and participation during the learning process. Overall, the synergy between PBL, CRT, and digital content created a more relevant, inclusive, and contextual learning environment and had a positive impact on improving students’ learning outcomes.

This research is based on the development of 21st century learning, where PowerPoint is one of the applications that support learning with attractive designs. This research is a type of R&D development research with the ADDIE model as the development model. The research population was class II students, with a sample of 10 students from SDN Gempolkerep. The data analysis technique used is the Likert Scale. Flat shape material is introduced at the low grade level, and in this product, the material is associated with local culture, especially the culture in Mojokerto, East Java, which is adjacent to this research area. The results showed that the interactive Flat Math media had been tested for its feasibility and declared fit for use. The validation results of media experts get a percentage of 75% which indicates eligibility, while the results of the validation of material experts get a percentage of 86% which indicates very feasible qualifications. Linguist validation also shows decent results with a percentage of 76%. The average questionnaire results from student respondents show a percentage of 80.4% which indicates that this media is very feasible to use. In addition, the teacher's assessment also gave a percentage of 82%. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that Flat Math interactive media is appropriate for use in supporting learning in flat shape material.

In the era of increasing digitalization, the integration of technology in education is becoming increasingly important. One area that has received a major contribution from technology is mathematics education at the secondary school (SMA) level. The use of mathematics software has become a highly effective tool for teachers and students in understanding complex mathematical concepts, developing computational skills, and solving problems more efficiently and interactively. This article analyzes various literature studies related to the use of mathematics software in high school, with a focus on developing students' computational thinking abilities. Computational thinking (CT) abilities, which were first introduced by Seymour Papert, are important skills that help students in decision making and problem solving. Various studies show that the integration of CT in educational curricula, particularly through teaching programming and the use of mathematical software, can improve students' computing skills. Although there are challenges in implementation, such as lack of infrastructure and teacher training, this study highlights the importance of using technology in mathematics education to create a dynamic, interactive, and relevant learning environment. This research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of literature studies related to the use of mathematics software in high school and its influence on the development of students' computational thinking skills. By understanding the findings from previous studies, it is hoped that this research can make a significant contribution to designing a more effective mathematics curriculum and provide practical guidance for educators in integrating mathematics software in everyday learning. The results of the analysis show that technology-based interactive learning methods, the use of special software such as Matlab and Geogebra, as well as programming training with languages ​​such as Java and Python, all show positive results in improving students' computing skills. However, there is still a need to improve abstract thinking skills and address variations in computational abilities among students.

This research aims to analyze and map 35 districts/cities in Central Java Province based on economic and population characteristics using the biplot analysis approach. The economic and population characteristics used are population density (X1), Human Development Index (X2), Gross Regional Domestic Product (X3) growth rate, poverty rate (X4), and open unemployment rate (X5). The data used in this study are economic and population data from each district/city obtained from BPS RI (Statistics Indonesia). The biplot analysis method is used to extract patterns and relationships between economic and population variables and visualize the relative positions of each district/city in the figure. The mapping generated by the biplot analysis can provide insights for policymakers in the planning and development of regions in Central Java. Based on the biplot analysis, it was found that Klaten, Sukoharjo, Kudus, Tegal, the city of Magelang, the city of Surakarta, the city of Salatiga, the city of Semarang, the city of Pekalongan, and the city of Tegal have similarities in characteristics of high population density. The cities of Surakarta, Magelang, Semarang, Pekalongan, Salatiga, Tegal, Sukoharjo, Klaten, Karanganyar, and Kudus are similar because of their relatively higher Human Development Index values compared to other areas. Districts/cities that are similar due to their high Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) growth rates are Boyolali, the city of Surakarta, Karanganyar, and Klaten. Meanwhile, Sragen, Demak, Purworejo, Magelang, Grobogan, Purbalingga, Kebumen, Banjarnegara, Wonosobo, Kendal, and Brebes have similarities in terms of higher poverty levels. Meanwhile, based on the characteristics of the open unemployment rate, there are Tegal regency, Cilacap regency, and Kendal city.