Publication Search

Industry 4.0 has brought significant changes to human life across various sectors, including education. The education sector serves as a fundamental pillar for the growth and development of future generations, requiring collaboration from all stakeholders. Effective regulations and measures are essential to improve the quality of education and teaching.One activity within the education sector generates domestic wastewater that must be treated. Domestic wastewater refers to water waste from household activities, such as washing, kitchen use, and toilets. This study employs a quantitative method using secondary data on wastewater flow rates and parameters. The research stages include preparation, data collection (both primary and secondary), data analysis, and the preparation of environmental documents.Domestic wastewater is categorized into grey water and black water. The treatment of wastewater using anaerobic and aerobic biofilters has proven effective in reducing organic pollutant levels. The treated wastewater will be repurposed for irrigating Green Zone in school buildings.

Indonesia's cigarette industry has experienced significant growth, contributing substantially to economic development and work opportunities. However, the production process generates wastewater containing pollutants like BOD, COD, TSS, NH3-N, phenol, and pH imbalances, which pose environmental risks. This study aims to evaluate the quality of wastewater from the cigarette industry and analyze the treatment technologies used to meet environmental standards. Using qualitative methods and secondary data from relevant industries, the research shows that cigarette industry wastewater is highly polluted and requires multiple treatment stages before being discharged into surface water. Key technologies include collecting tanks, equalization tanks, coagulation-flocculation, clarifiers, and trickling filters. The findings provide valuable insights into waste management challenges and propose solutions to support environmental sustainability in the cigarette industry.

At this time the delay time that occurs on the DT-30T conveyance is 174 minutes and the DT-40T is 188 minutes. The biggest cause of delay time is the queue at the scales, namely on the DT-30T it is 80 minutes and the DT-40T is 85 minutes, thus causing actual productivity. The DT-30T was only 5.6 tons/hour and experienced a production loss of 0.4 tons/hour and the actual productivity of the DT-40T was only 6.9 tons/hour and experienced a production loss of 1.1 tons/hour. The aim of this research is to analyze the amount of delay time, production loss before and after improving the queue on the scales and how to reduce the queue time for scales on the DT-30T and DT-40T transportation equipment After processing the data, we obtain the Delay time on the DT-30T transport equipment after repairs the weighing queue is 33 minutes and the DT-40T is 28 minutes. The actual production of DT-30T after improvements to the weighing queue was 7 tons/hour and there was no production loss. Meanwhile, the actual production of the DT-40T after repairs was 9 tons/hour and there was no production loss.

In the midst of the climate crisis and environmental damage that is increasingly real, the role of schools as educational centers is increasingly crucial. Not only producing a smart generation, schools have a great responsibility to become a motor of change towards a sustainable future. Green School Bali is an example of the application of the concept of green school that integrates the principle of sustainability in the design of buildings and the education system. By using natural materials such as bamboo that are environmentally friendly and sustainable, this school prioritizes energy conservation, natural lighting, natural ventilation, and efficient management of resources. This study aims to analyze the application of sustainable architecture principles in Green School Bali, using qualitative methods through secondary data analysis from documentation, reports, and related literature. The results show that building design not only minimizes negative impacts on the environment, but also supports the goals of continuing education. Green School Bali is an innovative model to create a learning environment that is in harmony with nature.

Turtles are integral components of two ecosystems, both coastal and marine. They play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy marine ecosystem. A nutritious sea fosters millions of fish, serving as a significant protein source for humans. However, this is increasingly at odds with the presence of turtles, which are gradually becoming endangered. This issue stems from various factors, including large-scale commercial fishing activities near turtle nesting sites and worsening climatic changes. These factors have the potential to disrupt the balance of marine ecosystems. The approach adopted in this design is an ecological architecture approach. It aims to restore turtle habitats in coastal conservation areas to attract nesting turtles and sustainably develop tourist facilities that harmonize with the surrounding environment.

The Institute of Fine Arts and Design is an art school that accommodates high levels of art study program enthusiasts in developing skills in the arts, producing creative and appreciative graduates. This study explores design aspects, such as function, site planning, design, and structure related to the art institute as a basis for design development analysis. The method used is a qualitative method through literature studies and field observations. Literature studies are used to analyze data related to the function of similar buildings and similar themes, namely metaphorical architecture. Field observations are conducted to observe and collect data related to the activities of the Fine Arts and Design Institute. The study concludes that in the design of fine arts and design institutes, creative design is needed through a metaphorical architecture approach. Metaphor architecture was raised as a theme because of the application of the principle of transferring information from one subject to another. The application of this concept is demonstrated by the form of the building mass series and the building facade with the play of secondary skin shapes.

Solar Power Plant is a photovoltaic system to convert electromagnetic energy from sunlight into electrical energy. This solar power plant is one of the recommended solutions for fulfilling electricity needs in remote rural areas where the PLN electricity network does not enter and has abundant sunlight and fuel is difficult to obtain. Based on data from the Global Solar Atlas, Lembung Mangrove Ecotourism, Galis, Pamekasan Regency has a sunlight potential of 4,603 kWh/m² per day. Therefore, it is unfortunate if this potential is not optimally utilised to build an off-grid solar power plant. The purpose of the research is to assess the feasibility of installing PLTS in Lembung Mangrove Ecotourism in terms of technical, economic, and investment feasibility analysis. From the research results, to meet the electricity demand of 15,055 kWh, it needs 12 200 Wp PV modules assembled in 6 series 2 parallel, 8 12V 200Ah batteries with 4 series 2 parallel, and 1 3 kW hybrid inverter are needed. From the simulation results, the estimated energy that can be produced is 35 kWh with a performance of the system is 61.42%. In terms of investment, the initial capital required is Rp89,954,000 so that the NPV value is obtained at Rp1,725,979, PI is 1.01, and PBP is estimated to fall in year 22 month 11.

Aerial photo mapping requires Control Points (CP). The Indonesian National Standard 8202:2019 regulates the number of CPs needed. The smallest area regulated is less than 250 km². Projects with an area of less than 1 km² have the same number of CPs as those with an area of less than 250 km². This is neither effective nor efficient because the CP work depends on the number of workers and requires time based on access to the project site. This study aims to identify the minimum number of CPs and the appropriate distribution of CPs for aerial photo mapping at a scale of 1:2,500 class 1 that is effective and efficient in terms of time and cost. The study uses seven schemes. Schemes 1 and 7 use 4 Ground Control Points (GCP) and 5 Independent Control Points (ICP). Scheme 2 uses 5 GCPs and 4 ICPs. Schemes 3, 4, 5, and 6 use 3 GCPs and 6 ICPs. Each scheme will be evaluated based on CE90 and LE90 values. The maximum CE90 value is 0.75 m, and the LE90 value is 0.5 m. The effective and efficient scheme in terms of time and cost is determined by the number of GCPs used, as well as the CE90 and LE90 values. The results indicate that all schemes have CE90 and LE90 values below the maximum standard. Scheme 4 is identified as the most effective due to having the highest CE90 and LE90 values among the schemes, with CE90 at 0.028 m and LE90 at 0.448 m. Scheme 4 is also identified as the most efficient because it uses a minimal number of GCPs—only three—distributed diagonally from the Southeast to the Northwest in the project area.

A pressure vessel is a closed container that stores pressurized liquids or gases. Low-carbon steel is used as a material for pressure vessels that operate at low to moderate temperatures. One of the important aspects of manufacturing pressure vessels is the welding process. The welded area tends to be the weakest point due to exposure to high heat, which can lead to greater residual stress and potentially cause cracking. This study aims to evaluate the effect of variation in ample angle and current strength on mechanical properties, especially tensile strength, and hardness, to determine the optimal amplitude angle and current strength. The research method applied is an experiment by conducting SMAW welding on SS400 steel using E7016 electrodes, with a single V ample angle variation of 55°, 60°, 65°, and strong welding current of 110 A, 120 A, and 130 A, then a tensile test and hardness test are carried out. The results show that the tensile strength of the raw material is 481.2  with a hardness of 191.95 HVN. For the variation of the amputation angle, the highest tensile strength value was recorded at an angle of 55°, which was 567.471 N/mm2 , while the lowest was at an angle of 65°, which was 559.997 N/mm2 . The highest hardness value at a 65° angle reached 328.422 HVN, while the lowest at a 55° angle was 312.878 HVN. In terms of current strength variation, the highest tensile strength is obtained at 130 A which is 568.421 N/mm2 and the lowest at 110 A is 552.339 N/mm2 . The highest hardness value is found at a current strength of 110 A, which is 343.411 HVN, and the lowest at a current strength of 130 A, which is 295.122 HVN. The optimal parameters were found at a yield angle of 55° with a tensile strength of 567.471 N/mm2 and a hardness of 312.8 HVN and a current strength of 130 A with a tensile strength of 568.421 N/mm2 and a hardness of 295.1 HVN.

In carrying out structured maintenance, a method is needed to increase the durability of an aircraft component, one of the methods used is the reliability method. The reliability of aircraft components is very necessary to ensure that each aircraft component is serviceable and runs according to its function in the aircraft system, so to increase the reliability of an aircraft component, the reliability method is very important to do. This study aims to determine the critical life time limit of the asset or system or equipment function and identify the failure mode that occurs in the Gas Turbine Engine component of the Boeing 737-500 aircraft because if this engine fails, it can result in flight delays and if not handled immediately can cause the aircraft to experience Aircraft on Ground (AOG) conditions, because it has the potential to disrupt airworthiness and threaten safety. This study uses exploratory research which aims to simplify problems to make them easier to solve. This study uses the Pareto diagram method to determine the highest type of failure in components, then analyzes it using the failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) method. Based on FMECA and FTA analysis, there are 3 failure modes, the failure modes include mechanical system (Bleed Valve), pneumatic system (Butterfly Shaft), electrical system (actuator). The failure was due to the occurrence of the top event part consumable, namely the bleed valve part with an RPN value of 192, followed by the butterfly shaft part with an RPN value of 75 and the Actuator part with an RPN value of 72. The pneumatic system and electrical system categories are prioritized to carry out preventive maintenance, which means it is a solution from industry players in an effort to maximize maintenance of the turbofan engine system accompanied by technical or economic analysis to ensure a system in extending the service life of parts in the aircraft system.

The shipping industry is closely related to economic growth in various countries. This transportation is very dependent on export and import activities. As the country's economy improves, especially in Asia, the maritime transportation business in Indonesia will also develop. The pattern of sending goods via sea transportation has changed, especially in terms of bulk transportation. which demands modern technology such as automation and intelligent control systems. This research aims to design and develop Android-based spreader control using Arduino Mega 2560 on a floating ship. This project is designed to increase efficiency and ease of operation in the loading and unloading process on ships, which previously still used manual control with a remote control or joystick which had limitations such as limited visibility. In this research, the spreader control system is connected to an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller via the HC-05 Bluetooth module, allowing the operator to control the spreader via an Android device. Test results show that data is obtained at a distance of 1 to 13 meters, the Android-based spreader control system shows a response time ranging from 1 to 9 seconds, which shows that the system is functioning properly. At a distance of 14 to 19 meters, the response time increases to 18 seconds, indicating quite good system performance. This shows that there is quite significant latency in data transmission. However, the system still managed to carry out spreader control well. At 20 meters, the system failed to respond to the spreader control. This shows that the effective range of this Bluetooth module is below 15 meters. This research makes a significant contribution to the development of automatic control technology in the shipping industry, especially in the use of intelligent control systems integrated with mobile devices.

Most door accesses used in homes still use conventional keys. Where the use of manual keys is still vulnerable to loss or damage and is not very safe to use, because manual keys can be duplicated or duplicated by other people. This certainly feels less practical and flexible. This research aims to help improve door security. With a voice recognition system, only certain people can access it using a certain access code. Researchers used the trial and error method. The factor being tried is the voice recognition V3 module which can read voice recordings. The results of this research can be implemented in the form of a tool, where the system can open and close house doors according to the planned design, namely through voice commands and the designed system can run normally according to the automatic system that has been designed in prototype form. The conclusion from this research is that the voice recognition module is capable of recording sounds up to a distance of 20 cm. In voice recording < 10 cm the module is relatively easier to receive voice commands, in recording > 10 cm and < 15 cm the module is slightly less able to receive voice commands, so that in voice recording at a distance of 15 cm to 20 cm the module is very poor in receiving commands sound well.

The influence of engineering extends far beyond traditional boundaries with the evolving automotive sector and its increasing importance highlighted in this articles exploration of the intricate world of car engine design through historical insights and current advancements that significantly impact the automotive industry. Key elements in engine design such as thermodynamics, materials selection, fuel systems, emission control and stress analysis are introduced systematically as factors, for efficient and ecofriendly powertrain solutions. The industry’s dedication to finding solutions is clearly seen in how they consider sustainability factors during the engine design process. The study also delves into the influence of engine design within the sector alongside advancements and market trends to emphasize the crucial role of innovation in staying competitive and meeting consumer needs. Finally, the research proposes paths, for engine design exploration courting new challenges and uncharted territories that are poised to shape the evolution of vehicle propulsion.

This paper was presented based on a clustering method to minimize power consumption in underwater wireless sensor networks. The main objective of the proposed method is to choose an energetic path. The proposed clustering scheme operates with the round, so that each round consists of two phases the cluster head selection and the data transmission. After the end of each round which is called a tround, the cluster head selection phase begins again. The obtained simulation results showed that the efficiency of the proposed method was better than L2ABF in terms of energy consumption and end-to-end delay.

The success of education for children is determined by education carried out from an early age. The purpose of education in general is to provide an environment that allows students to develop their talents and abilities optimally. Because every child has different abilities and talents. School is one source of children's learning, unfortunately, most schools today focus more on academic aspects and evaluation, while outdoor learning by utilizing nature as a learning medium can help explore children's hidden talents and potentials. The environment has an important role in children's growth and development, because children will first learn and understand various things through interaction with their environment. In this case, the environment becomes a source of learning that greatly influences the physical, skill, social, cultural, emotional, and intellectual development of children    

University of Sumatera Utara (USU) is the one of the largest and the best universities in Medan which has full of facilities and infrastructure. Nevertheless, currently University of Sumatera Utara does not have a Student Center. The provision of a student center at a university is essential for the development of outstanding students. Furthermore, in the post pandemic COVID-19, humans need a healthier space or place to be live in. Activities that take place indoors require good air quality to prevent viruses from easily entering and thriving inside the room. The application of tropical architecture in the design of the USU Student Center is a consideration in creating a place suitable for post pandemic COVID-19 conditions, and it also serves as a solution for the climate in Indonesia.    

This paper discusses the development of an E-Commerce system for Kraptentik to improve data and transaction management. Originally a wooden accessory craft center, Kraptentik has integrated new materials but faces challenges with outdated, non-computerized data management. A Point of Sales (POS) system was developed by ITENAS Informatics students to address these issues, aiming to enhance efficiency, data security, and business growth. The paper outlines the system’s design, implementation, and outcomes.

Energy Electricity is something that is needed in people's lives, the need for electrical energy is increasing. the need for electrical energy is increasing. demand for electrical energy continues to increase along with economic growth and community welfare. the welfare of society. The growth in demand for electrical energy is influenced by the development of the growing manufacturing and industrial sectors. This study aims to determine the energy imbalance between the industrial and general power lines on the reliability of the 20 kV network. Methods research methods used in this study are primary and secondary research. secondary research. The results obtained in this study are the imbalance of load on the 20 kV power load on the 20 kV industrial repeater transformer power at the time of high loading during the day is 192.4633333 A with a percentage of the power of the 20 kV network. day 192.4633333 A with a percentage of 0.556252408 % and the lowest general repeater load of 68.45 A with a load percentage of 0. %percentage of 0.197919075%.    

Parepare City is located on the coast with significant fisheries and maritime potential. The processing and consumption of shellfish in this city produces a lot of shellfish waste, which is often not utilized and accumulates into an environmental problem. To improve the properties of concrete, several types of additives that have certain functions are added to the concrete mixture, namely increasing the workability, durability, and hardening time of concrete. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of concrete and the composition of coarse aggregate of shells with superplasticizer added materials that are optimally produced. Using an experimental method carried out at the Laboratory of Structure and Materials, Muhammadiyah University of Parepare. The results showed that substitution of coarse aggregate with 5% shellfish waste and 0.5% superplasticizer increased the compressive strength of concrete at the ages of 7, 14, and 28 days. The 10% substitution still meets the compressive strength requirements at 28 days, although slightly lower than normal concrete. Substitution of shells up to 5% increases the compressive strength of concrete, and the 10% content is optimal, reaching the maximum value without significant decline. It is recommended that the use of shells as a substitute for coarse aggregate does not exceed 10% for optimal results and meets the planned compressive strength of 25 MPa.

Growing demand for electricity savings has led to the development of an automatic LED emergency light system. It is based on providing light when the power is cut off. Once fully charged, the battery ceases charging, and in the event of a power failure, the LEDs are automatically powered by the battery. The project focuses on two primary functions: it automatically activates during power outages to give illumination, eliminating the need to search for the switch, and the battery rapidly begins recharging as the main power is restored. The emergency light is crucial due to the inconsistent voltage distribution and frequent power outages in operational regions of communities and diverse enterprises. The system includes a power supply that converts 230V AC to 12V DC, a relay that uses a control pulse to alternate between connecting the battery to the LEDs and isolating it, and a rechargeable Li-ion battery that supplies power to the LEDs during blackouts. The parallel-connected LEDs light up during a power outage in the circuits. The circuit architecture shown here serves to mitigate the entire discharge of the battery, hence enhancing the battery's longevity. Key components of the system include a step-down transformer, a bridge circuit to convert AC to DC, a Zener diode to maintain voltage stability, capacitors for energy storage, and various diodes to control current flow. The project highlights the advantages of LED emergency lights, such as efficiency, longevity, and minimal energy waste, though it acknowledges the higher initial cost and temperature sensitivity as disadvantages. The automatic LED emergency light is suitable for use in homes, offices, retail shops, and other commercial settings. The project demonstrates a cost-effective and compact solution that enhances daily life by providing reliable lighting during power failures.