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This study examines the denotative and connotative meanings in Mahmoud Darwish's poem "Fakkir Bighairik" using a semantic approach. Language as a sign system has a primary function in conveying meaning, and poetry is the medium of linguistic expression richest in such meaning. Darwish's poem, through dense diction, depicts empathy, humanity, and the struggle of the Palestinian people by inviting readers to "think of the other." This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with library techniques, where data is taken from the text of Fakkir Bighairik's poem and analyzed based on the theory of denotative and connotative meaning. The results show that the denotative meaning in this poem conveys a direct and straightforward message, while the connotative meaning provides emotional, social, and moral depth that strengthens the humanitarian message. The combination of these two meanings creates a poetic effect that awakens readers' awareness of solidarity and universal human values. In addition, this poem also invites readers to reflect on their role in the humanitarian struggle and reminds them of the importance of fighting for human rights amidst conflict.

This study examines the denotative and connotative meanings in Mahmoud Darwish's poem "Fakkir Bighairik" using a semantic approach. Language as a sign system has a primary function in conveying meaning, and poetry is the medium of linguistic expression richest in such meaning. Darwish's poem, through dense diction, depicts empathy, humanity, and the struggle of the Palestinian people by inviting readers to "think of the other." This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with library techniques, where data is taken from the text of Fakkir Bighairik's poem and analyzed based on the theory of denotative and connotative meaning. The results show that the denotative meaning in this poem conveys a direct and straightforward message, while the connotative meaning provides emotional, social, and moral depth that strengthens the humanitarian message. The combination of these two meanings creates a poetic effect that awakens readers' awareness of solidarity and universal human values. In addition, this poem also invites readers to reflect on their role in the humanitarian struggle and reminds them of the importance of fighting for human rights amidst conflict.

This study analyzes the theme of marriage delay in the novel Induk Gajah by Ira Gita Sembiring which reflects the conflict between tradition and modernity in Indonesian society. The novel depicts social pressures, individual choices, and changes in cultural values faced by unmarried women at a certain age. The main focus of this study is to identify factors that influence the decision to postpone marriage, such as family pressures, career priorities, emotional trauma, and incompatibility with potential partners. The results of the study show that the delay in marriage, as depicted in this novel, is not a failure but a form of awareness of individual needs and rights. This novel provides a critique of societal norms that often limit women, and emphasizes the importance of freedom to choose the path of life without judgment.

This study analyzes the theme of marriage delay in the novel Induk Gajah by Ira Gita Sembiring which reflects the conflict between tradition and modernity in Indonesian society. The novel depicts social pressures, individual choices, and changes in cultural values faced by unmarried women at a certain age. The main focus of this study is to identify factors that influence the decision to postpone marriage, such as family pressures, career priorities, emotional trauma, and incompatibility with potential partners. The results of the study show that the delay in marriage, as depicted in this novel, is not a failure but a form of awareness of individual needs and rights. This novel provides a critique of societal norms that often limit women, and emphasizes the importance of freedom to choose the path of life without judgment.

This study looks at the meanings of words and their context in Maya Angelou’s poem "Still I Rise." This poem is well-known for its message of strength and empowerment, especially for African American women during the civil rights movement. Using a qualitative approach, this research combines examining the text and interpreting its context. The lexical analysis looks at dictionary definitions of important words in the poem and their deeper meanings within the poem’s context. The contextual interpretation places the poem within the larger historical and cultural background of Angelou's life and the civil rights era. The findings show that Angelou’s use of language not only strengthens the poem’s themes of defiance and self-worth but also deeply connects with the socio-political climate of its time. The study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the lexical and contextual meanings of some of the lines in Angelou's literary work "Still I Rise" as well as in discussions of race, identity and empowerment.

This study looks at the meanings of words and their context in Maya Angelou’s poem "Still I Rise." This poem is well-known for its message of strength and empowerment, especially for African American women during the civil rights movement. Using a qualitative approach, this research combines examining the text and interpreting its context. The lexical analysis looks at dictionary definitions of important words in the poem and their deeper meanings within the poem’s context. The contextual interpretation places the poem within the larger historical and cultural background of Angelou's life and the civil rights era. The findings show that Angelou’s use of language not only strengthens the poem’s themes of defiance and self-worth but also deeply connects with the socio-political climate of its time. The study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the lexical and contextual meanings of some of the lines in Angelou's literary work "Still I Rise" as well as in discussions of race, identity and empowerment.

. Discussion of the basic principles of muamalah in Islam includes learning about the rules that regulate relationships between humans regarding property, rights and obligations. The aim of the basic principles of muamalah is to create justice and benefit in social life. This research aims to review further the basic principles of muamalah in Islam which serve as guidelines for Muslims in carrying out economic and social activities. By applying these principles, it is hoped that a just, prosperous and blessed society can be achieved. This research uses a qualitative approach with the library search method. The descriptive qualitative approach used aims to explore and explain existing phenomena by relying on sources of information from various sources such as books, journals, digital databases and other literature. The main aim of this research is to provide insight that the basic principles of muamalah in Islam do not only limit halal and haram rules in economic activities, but also guide Muslims in building economic interactions that are fair, blessed, and in line with Islamic values.    

. Discussion of the basic principles of muamalah in Islam includes learning about the rules that regulate relationships between humans regarding property, rights and obligations. The aim of the basic principles of muamalah is to create justice and benefit in social life. This research aims to review further the basic principles of muamalah in Islam which serve as guidelines for Muslims in carrying out economic and social activities. By applying these principles, it is hoped that a just, prosperous and blessed society can be achieved. This research uses a qualitative approach with the library search method. The descriptive qualitative approach used aims to explore and explain existing phenomena by relying on sources of information from various sources such as books, journals, digital databases and other literature. The main aim of this research is to provide insight that the basic principles of muamalah in Islam do not only limit halal and haram rules in economic activities, but also guide Muslims in building economic interactions that are fair, blessed, and in line with Islamic values.    

The following article discusses the results of research on the value of women's struggle in the novel They Bilang Aku Kemlinthi by Hanifa Vidya with a mimetic approach. The focus of this discussion is to describe values ​​which include social reality, educational reality, and the reality of struggle. This approach can be linked between literary works and real life through a mimetic approach. In the novel, the local community rejects the "cook, macak, manak" system, that women can only cook, dress up and give birth. So researchers are interested in studying it using a mimetic approach. The method used in this article is a qualitative descriptive approach which produces data in the form of written words, and this research contains data quotations which provide an overview of the research results, then the data collection technique used is reading and note-taking techniques, because to find out a picture of life social values, education, and struggles that exist in real life. The description of social reality includes an attitude of helping the upper class to the lower class (compassion), and the existence of an attitude of helping the lower class to the upper class (reciprocity) in the novel reflects social values ​​in real life. Then the description of the reality of education, such as enthusiasm for education and being active in school activities, in the novel, the value of education is still present in the real world. Then the reality of struggle is related to fighting for rights.

The following article discusses the results of research on the value of women's struggle in the novel They Bilang Aku Kemlinthi by Hanifa Vidya with a mimetic approach. The focus of this discussion is to describe values ​​which include social reality, educational reality, and the reality of struggle. This approach can be linked between literary works and real life through a mimetic approach. In the novel, the local community rejects the "cook, macak, manak" system, that women can only cook, dress up and give birth. So researchers are interested in studying it using a mimetic approach. The method used in this article is a qualitative descriptive approach which produces data in the form of written words, and this research contains data quotations which provide an overview of the research results, then the data collection technique used is reading and note-taking techniques, because to find out a picture of life social values, education, and struggles that exist in real life. The description of social reality includes an attitude of helping the upper class to the lower class (compassion), and the existence of an attitude of helping the lower class to the upper class (reciprocity) in the novel reflects social values ​​in real life. Then the description of the reality of education, such as enthusiasm for education and being active in school activities, in the novel, the value of education is still present in the real world. Then the reality of struggle is related to fighting for rights.