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This objective is to develop valid, practical and effective Rattan media (cultural wheel) in increasing learning motivation of fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili. The type of research used by the researcher is R&D (Research & Development) using the ADIE development model (Analysis, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). In this development research, the effectiveness test was carried out in class V and the practicality test was carried out on fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili as a test of practicality and product effectiveness. The results of the study showed that the validity of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 93.87 (very valid). The questionnaire response of limited test students showing the practicality of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) obtained an average score of 93.33 (very practical). Thus, the rattan media learning media in sub-theme 2 can be used as a thematic learning media for fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

This objective is to develop valid, practical and effective Rattan media (cultural wheel) in increasing learning motivation of fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili. The type of research used by the researcher is R&D (Research & Development) using the ADIE development model (Analysis, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). In this development research, the effectiveness test was carried out in class V and the practicality test was carried out on fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili as a test of practicality and product effectiveness. The results of the study showed that the validity of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 93.87 (very valid). The questionnaire response of limited test students showing the practicality of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) obtained an average score of 93.33 (very practical). Thus, the rattan media learning media in sub-theme 2 can be used as a thematic learning media for fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili.

This study aims to determine the description of the incoming mail management procedure in the General and Personnel section at the post office. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, namely the author describes the results of observations, interviews, documentation and analyzes data obtained in the field. The results of the study indicate that the process of managing incoming mail in the general and personnel section, namely incoming mail starts from receiving letters, directing letters, delivering incoming letters, processing letters, storing letters. The letter management procedure at the post office runs optimally.

This study aims to determine the description of the incoming mail management procedure in the General and Personnel section at the post office. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, namely the author describes the results of observations, interviews, documentation and analyzes data obtained in the field. The results of the study indicate that the process of managing incoming mail in the general and personnel section, namely incoming mail starts from receiving letters, directing letters, delivering incoming letters, processing letters, storing letters. The letter management procedure at the post office runs optimally.

Many students study in Jakarta but seem to learn nothing. In fact, most of them cannot speak good and correct Indonesian, in fact, there are also students who have not mastered Indonesian vocabulary. The phenomenon of learning difficulties occurs because of serious problems in education in Indonesia, one of which is the lack of mastery of Indonesian in universities. This study aims to reveal the existence of sociolinguistics on the attitudes/opinions of ITPLN students in using language in the campus environment. Finding sociolinguistic factors that strengthen and weaken the use of Indonesian in the engineering field. This study uses quantitative methods and correlational descriptive surveys, namely research conducted to obtain information about data, then processed with statistics with the preliminary study stage carried out with a quantitative descriptive approach. The results of this study show the value of the determinant coefficient (R2) = 0.192, which means that around 19.2% of changes in sociolinguistic variables and learning achievement can be explained by student learning achievement. Then based on the results of the t-test, sig0.000 <0.005 was obtained, meaning that the influence was significant. In other words, sociolinguistic variables provide a significant positive contribution to the learning achievement of ITPLN students. The results of the F test obtained F count 14.04 sig0.000<0.005 Ftable shows that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, meaning that there is a positive and significant influence. So it can also be concluded that the proposed hypothesis can be accepted.

Many students study in Jakarta but seem to learn nothing. In fact, most of them cannot speak good and correct Indonesian, in fact, there are also students who have not mastered Indonesian vocabulary. The phenomenon of learning difficulties occurs because of serious problems in education in Indonesia, one of which is the lack of mastery of Indonesian in universities. This study aims to reveal the existence of sociolinguistics on the attitudes/opinions of ITPLN students in using language in the campus environment. Finding sociolinguistic factors that strengthen and weaken the use of Indonesian in the engineering field. This study uses quantitative methods and correlational descriptive surveys, namely research conducted to obtain information about data, then processed with statistics with the preliminary study stage carried out with a quantitative descriptive approach. The results of this study show the value of the determinant coefficient (R2) = 0.192, which means that around 19.2% of changes in sociolinguistic variables and learning achievement can be explained by student learning achievement. Then based on the results of the t-test, sig0.000 <0.005 was obtained, meaning that the influence was significant. In other words, sociolinguistic variables provide a significant positive contribution to the learning achievement of ITPLN students. The results of the F test obtained F count 14.04 sig0.000<0.005 Ftable shows that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, meaning that there is a positive and significant influence. So it can also be concluded that the proposed hypothesis can be accepted.

This study examines the perception and representation of women in Arab culture through a systematic literature review. Using postcolonial feminist theory, intersectionality, and media representation theory, this research analyzes how Arab women are portrayed in global and local media, as well as the historical evolution of their roles in society. Through qualitative analysis of academic literature, media content, and cultural documents from 1990-2023, the study reveals complex dynamics in how Arab women are perceived and represented. The findings highlight significant gaps between media representation and reality, the impact of modernization on gender roles, and the emergence of new paradigms in understanding Arab women's identities. The research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of Arab women's experiences while highlighting the importance of contextual and intersectional approaches in gender studies. The implications of this study suggest the need for more balanced representation and policy development that supports Arab women's empowerment while respecting cultural values.

This study examines the perception and representation of women in Arab culture through a systematic literature review. Using postcolonial feminist theory, intersectionality, and media representation theory, this research analyzes how Arab women are portrayed in global and local media, as well as the historical evolution of their roles in society. Through qualitative analysis of academic literature, media content, and cultural documents from 1990-2023, the study reveals complex dynamics in how Arab women are perceived and represented. The findings highlight significant gaps between media representation and reality, the impact of modernization on gender roles, and the emergence of new paradigms in understanding Arab women's identities. The research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of Arab women's experiences while highlighting the importance of contextual and intersectional approaches in gender studies. The implications of this study suggest the need for more balanced representation and policy development that supports Arab women's empowerment while respecting cultural values.

The lack of interest in reading among students results in a lack of ideas and opinions in arguing innovatively and creatively which is evident in assignment presentations and producing works. This journal uses a library research method by utilizing articles, journals, books, and internet access as sources. This journal aims to determine the impact of the lack of interest in reading among students, the impact of low interest in reading among students and how to increase interest in reading among teenagers. The results obtained in this study are the impact of low interest in reading among students can affect their lack of ability in mastering the field of science and how to increase interest in reading among students improve library services in schools and the community environment the availability of reading materials allows each person to choose what suits their interests and interests. The conclusion of this study is that the impact of the lack of interest in reading among students can affect the progress of the nation and its human resources.

The lack of interest in reading among students results in a lack of ideas and opinions in arguing innovatively and creatively which is evident in assignment presentations and producing works. This journal uses a library research method by utilizing articles, journals, books, and internet access as sources. This journal aims to determine the impact of the lack of interest in reading among students, the impact of low interest in reading among students and how to increase interest in reading among teenagers. The results obtained in this study are the impact of low interest in reading among students can affect their lack of ability in mastering the field of science and how to increase interest in reading among students improve library services in schools and the community environment the availability of reading materials allows each person to choose what suits their interests and interests. The conclusion of this study is that the impact of the lack of interest in reading among students can affect the progress of the nation and its human resources.

This research examines the use of *amtsal* (parables/analogies) in the Quran from an Arabic sociolinguistic perspective. The main focus of the research is to analyze the forms of amtsal, their sociolinguistic functions, and the influence of socio-cultural context in the selection of Quranic amtsal. The research method uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis through literature study of primary and secondary sources. The research results show that amtsal in the Quran has three main forms: *musharrahah* (explicit), *kaminah* (implicit), and *mursalah* (free). The sociolinguistic functions of amtsal include educational functions in facilitating understanding of abstract concepts, persuasive functions in influencing attitudes and behavior, and communicative functions in bridging divine messages with socio-cultural contexts. The selection of amtsal is heavily influenced by the socio-cultural context of Arab society, including traditions, social conditions, and psychological aspects. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the Quran's communication methods and can serve as a reference in developing contemporary learning and da'wah methods.  

Language is a communication tool in the form of a system of sound symbols produced from human speech. Changes in meaning in Indonesian can be classified into five as follows: widening meaning change, narrowing meaning change, refining meaning change, roughening meaning change and total change. This research uses a qualitative method, which is characterized by descriptive analysis. The data is sourced from the Instagram platform with the collection technique through the note-taking method.  After the data is collected, the data is processed, reducing data, presenting data and making conclusions based on the information that has been obtained. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that there are 5 types of word meaning changes found on the Instagram social media platform. The five types of meaning changes include widespread/generalized meaning changes, narrowed/specialized meaning changes, refined/euphemia meaning changes, coarsening/dysfemia meaning changes and total meaning changes. The changes in meaning found on the Instagram social media platform are 29 words that experience changes in meaning with 16 words that experience changes in widespread meaning, 3 words that experience changes in narrow meaning, 4 words that experience changes in refinement meaning, 3 words that experience changes in coarsening meaning, and 3 words that experience changes in meaning in total

Language is a communication tool in the form of a system of sound symbols produced from human speech. Changes in meaning in Indonesian can be classified into five as follows: widening meaning change, narrowing meaning change, refining meaning change, roughening meaning change and total change. This research uses a qualitative method, which is characterized by descriptive analysis. The data is sourced from the Instagram platform with the collection technique through the note-taking method.  After the data is collected, the data is processed, reducing data, presenting data and making conclusions based on the information that has been obtained. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that there are 5 types of word meaning changes found on the Instagram social media platform. The five types of meaning changes include widespread/generalized meaning changes, narrowed/specialized meaning changes, refined/euphemia meaning changes, coarsening/dysfemia meaning changes and total meaning changes. The changes in meaning found on the Instagram social media platform are 29 words that experience changes in meaning with 16 words that experience changes in widespread meaning, 3 words that experience changes in narrow meaning, 4 words that experience changes in refinement meaning, 3 words that experience changes in coarsening meaning, and 3 words that experience changes in meaning in total

This research examines the use of *amtsal* (parables/analogies) in the Quran from an Arabic sociolinguistic perspective. The main focus of the research is to analyze the forms of amtsal, their sociolinguistic functions, and the influence of socio-cultural context in the selection of Quranic amtsal. The research method uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis through literature study of primary and secondary sources. The research results show that amtsal in the Quran has three main forms: *musharrahah* (explicit), *kaminah* (implicit), and *mursalah* (free). The sociolinguistic functions of amtsal include educational functions in facilitating understanding of abstract concepts, persuasive functions in influencing attitudes and behavior, and communicative functions in bridging divine messages with socio-cultural contexts. The selection of amtsal is heavily influenced by the socio-cultural context of Arab society, including traditions, social conditions, and psychological aspects. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the Quran's communication methods and can serve as a reference in developing contemporary learning and da'wah methods.  

Accurate English pronunciation is essential for clear and efficient communication. It guarantees that concepts are grasped and helps avoid misunderstandings. Pronouncing words correctly boosts confidence when speaking and facilitates the easy and clear expression of ideas. By assisting people in accurately identifying and reproducing sounds, it also improves listening skills. Correct pronunciation makes a big impression and can open up more options in both professional and academic settings. In the end, mastering pronunciation improves relationships with people from different cultural backgrounds, promoting improved communication and international interaction.

Accurate English pronunciation is essential for clear and efficient communication. It guarantees that concepts are grasped and helps avoid misunderstandings. Pronouncing words correctly boosts confidence when speaking and facilitates the easy and clear expression of ideas. By assisting people in accurately identifying and reproducing sounds, it also improves listening skills. Correct pronunciation makes a big impression and can open up more options in both professional and academic settings. In the end, mastering pronunciation improves relationships with people from different cultural backgrounds, promoting improved communication and international interaction.

This study aims to find out: (1) The effect of the application of the DLDPF model on improving TDBI writing proficiency; (2) Differences between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and without DLDPF; and (3) Student obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model. The design of this study is a pseudo-experiment with a non-equivalent comparison group design scheme. The researcher used a nonprobability sampling technique in the form of total sampling. The instruments used in this study are tests and questionnaires. The test instrument is in the form of an essay test with four aspects of assessment criteria (content, organization, grammar, and vocabulary). There are also document study instruments and semi-open questionnaires with the Likert Scale. The results of the study revealed the following findings. First, the results of the paired sample test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that there is a significant influence of the application of the DLDPF model on the improvement of TDBI writing proficiency. Second, the results of the independent sample t-test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that the application of the DLDPF model has a significant impact on improving TDBI writing proficiency. In addition, the experimental class has an N-gain score of 0.59 which means it has a moderate level of improvement. The control class has an N-gain score of 0.24 which means it has a low level of improvement. In other words, it shows that there is a difference between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and student learning outcomes with no DLDPF model. And third, respondents showed few obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model, including: (1) Most of the respondents (70.53%) did not experience linguistic barriers; and (2) Most respondents (70%) did not experience nonlinguistic barriers.

Digital media such as TikTok has become a significant innovation in teaching expository texts in the digital era. However, many students still struggle to recognize the structure and language features of expository texts, affecting the quality of their writing. This study aims to analyze the implementation of TikTok as a learning media based on Discovery Learning to improve expository writing skills among tenth-grade students of MA Al-Falah Sukabumi. The research employed a pretest-posttest control group design with data collection techniques including tests (pretest and posttest) and non-test methods (questionnaires and observations). The subjects consisted of 36 students break into experimental and control groups. The finding showed a significant improvement in the writing skills of the experimental group. Furthermore, 87% of students reported that TikTok made the learning process more engaging and easier to rcognize. In conclusion, TikTok is an effective innovation for Discovery Learning-based teaching to enhance students' expository writing skills.